DE2614512A1 - Insulated foamed plastic filled hollow building block - with loose small particle filling and sealing cover of inorganic material in filler hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The hollow building block has its insulating hollow spaces filled with a foamed plastic substance, for enhancement of the insulating effect. The foamed plastic filling (14) is in the form of loose small particle foamed units. The filler aperture for the hollow spaces (11) is sealed by a cover (15) above the foamed plastic. Waste products may be used for the filling. the cover may be made of inorganic material. The hollow space may be widened at its open end. Pref. in a stepped form, with the cover fitted in the widened section. filling may be effected by vibration when the block has dried and a loose plug consolidated into position by vibration.

Description

Hollow block with foam plastic insert as well as process and preparation

direction of its manufacture.

The invention relates to a hollow block whose insulating cavities are filled with a foam plastic as well as a method and a device for its production.

In order to increase the insulation of hollow blocks, it was proposed that preformed into the cavities of the stone, which are open on one side and adapted to the cavities Insert body made of foam plastic. Hollow blocks formed in this way have the highest insulation values.

The disadvantage is that their production is expensive because of the production the foam plastic body special shapes in which the foam plastic is foamed is required, so that with the large number of those on the market as well Stone formats and stone dimensions with different sizes to be produced by a manufacturer Corresponding many shapes are necessary for cavities. The insertion also takes place this prefabricated, the cavities in the stone adapted moldings, by hand.

The invention is based on the task of creating a hollow block, which is inexpensive to produce despite filling its cavities with a foam plastic is.

To solve this problem, the insulating Cavities are filled with a foam plastic, proposed according to the invention, that the foam plastic filling consists of loose, small-sized foam plastic bodies and the filling opening of the cavities above the foam plastic with a cover is closed. The coverage can be done in different ways. So self-locking stoppers, in particular made of plastic plates, with the close the space filled with small pieces of Schauni plastic at the top. Also is it is possible through the upper foam plastic layer of the thermoplastic material Applying heat to solidify so that a plug-like seal is in place is. It is also possible to fill the loose foam plastic filling with a To cover glue, especially a cold-curing 2-component synthetic resin.

The foam plastic bodies that are filled into the cavities of the stone are, particularly advantageously, consist of waste products that are in multiple quantities available. They are obtained by grinding or breaking into fine pieces Foam plastic bodies or structures, which are often used in particular as packaged goods fall off.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the cover of the foam plastic consists of an inorganic material. at a stone made of pumice with cement binding consists in a further embodiment according to the invention the cover of the foam plastic also made of pumice with cement bond, wherein in a further embodiment according to the invention, the cover of the foam plastic consists of a pumice, which is finer-grained compared to the pumice of the hollow block stone and the proportion of cement in the pumice of the cover is still greater than in the pumice of the stone.

These measures not only make a particularly inexpensive one Cover or a closure of the cavity filled with fine foam plastic preserved in the stone, but also the materials used in the Stone making can be used anyway, so that for the stone making operation there are no significant additional costs.

The pumice used for the cover or the closure is in the stone-producing companies already exist in large quantities and consist of fine-grained or dusty material, which is also used in the stone-making company is often present as a waste product, but now in the manner according to the invention is usable.

To increase the strength of the fastener and in connection with it To give a larger binding surface with the stone is further according to the invention Proposed embodiment that the cavity at its open end an extension has the is particularly advantageous stepped expanded, wherein the closure is arranged in this extension.

For the production of hollow blocks, especially from pumice concrete with Shaping and drying of the stones is in a further embodiment according to the invention suggested that the filling of the cavities with foam plastic particles after the drying of the stones is carried out using vibration and then in a another station above the foam plastic filling a stopper from a loose, pumice concrete mix capable of setting is introduced and compacted by vibration.

A device according to the invention is characterized in that there is a first work station on a conveyor belt, which is a storage container for fine-piece foam plastic cases and a metering device as well as a lowerable one Has mold plate and a vibrating table and this workstation has a second Downstream workstation, consisting of a storage tank for cement and a storage container for fine-grained pumice, a mixer, a storage container for the mixture of cement and pumice, a metering device and a lowerable one Mold plate and a vibrating table.

The invention is shown in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail. It is not limited to the form of training presented, rather, further modifications within the scope of the invention are possible.

They show: FIG. 1 a hollow block in a perspective illustration, FIG. 2 shows the hollow block according to FIG. 1 in a view from below, FIG. 3 shows a vertical one Section through the stone according to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows a vertical section through a modified stone, Fig. 5 shows a device for filling in the foam plastic particles into the cavities of the stone in vertical section, Fig. 6 the overall device for introducing the foam plastic particles into the cavities of the stone and for Attachment of the closure in a side view and an essentially schematic representation.

The hollow block lo made of pumice concrete, i.e. a mixture of pumice grains, which are set by cement, has a multitude of cavities 11, lla, body, llc. Less than four cavities can also be arranged next to one another. These Cavities can also extend over all or a substantial part of the stone's length extend. These cavities are advantageously present in a stone with Concrete is poured, i.e. a filler stone that is installed in such a way that several stone layers are set dry and then via a filling channel 12 be connected to each other with flowable mortar. The arrangement of several on top of each other Set stones can be seen from Fig. 3.

Through the filling channel 12 mentioned in connection with FIG. 1, the mortar enters the Room 13 between two stone layers and connects them. So with these stones, but also other hollow blocks, the cavities 11 to 11b come into effect and no mortar can get into this, the cavities 11 are fine-grained or granular foam plastic material 14 filled. These are waste products, obtained by crushing foam plastic parts, especially foam plastic parts, which were previously used for packaging purposes and are available in large plenums. These Foam plastic parts then do not need to be dumped, but can be beneficial be used.

The cavities are filled via the openings pointing upwards, as shown in Fig.4. This means that the stone is capable of containing foam plastic particles is filled in which it was made. In Fig. 4 are in the cavities 11, 11a and 11b, which are closed at the bottom by a bottom loa of the stone, foam plastic particles filled. The cavities are closed at the top by associated plugs 15, 15a and 15b.

These consist particularly advantageously of a pumice-cement mixture in the same way as the stone consists of a pumice-cement mixture. The pumice-cement mix for the stopper 15 consists of a grain size of pumice, which is smaller than the grain size for the stone lo.

The proportion of cement in the stoppers is also greater than the proportion of cement in the stone lo. Finally, a quick-setting one is used to make the stopper Cement used.

In order to increase the connection area between the plug 14 and the stone, the cavities have widenings at their upper ends, step-shaped according to FIG. 4 Extensions, 16, 16a and 16b.

The attachment of closures or plugs to the upper ends of the Cavities 11 made of a pumice-cement mixture is particularly advantageous because this Substances are already available in the company producing the stones. Also connects the material from pumice and cement for the plug with the stone material Pumice and cement in an excellent manner, so that sufficient guarantee of the Durability of the stopper is given.

Instead of these stoppers made of pumice and cement, other closures can also be used be applied. So it is possible to heat the surfaces of the fillings, so that a crust forms, which also results in a plug-like seal. The foam plastic fillings can also be covered with a 2-component resin. However, these measures are more expensive than the suggestion of plugging a pumice-cement mixture to use. The fact that this is high also speaks for a pumice and cement mixture Has thermal insulation values.

Fig. 6 shows the overall arrangement for filling and closing the cavities of hollow blocks.

After the usual production of the hollow blocks, these are on Laying boards placed so that sia on these four to five Harden days. Then they are placed on "air parcels" and placed in the stacking area driven so that they are ready to set and dry out there. Relying on air parcels means that the stones are not stacked close together and on top of each other but sufficient space should be left between them to allow them to dry out to favor.

After the hollow blocks have dried sufficiently, they will preferably brought to a conveyor track 17 by a forklift truck. There will be they are detected by a gripper arm 18 and deposited on the transport path. The transport track can consist of a circumferential bahd. It can also be a roller conveyor. Finally, there can also be trolleys arranged one behind the other, on which the stones are set down. The stones lo are in batches under a silo 19 brought, in which the fine-grained waste of foam plastic are present. Under the outlet of the silo there is a vessel 21 which is adjusted to the filling requirement can be. This measuring vessel has two closures, which can be seen from FIG of slides 22 and 23, which are operated via an articulated arm 25. In addition, the Articulated arm with its central mounting on a pin 25 bolts at its ends 26 and 27, which engage the slides 22 and 23 in an articulated manner via associated tabs. The piston rod 28 engages the articulated arm 24 hydraulically or pneumatically Piston-cylinder assembly 29 on. The slide 22 and 23 cause that when actuated by the piston-cylinder arrangement of the outlet 30 to the measuring vessel 21 to the filling head 31 is closed and at the same time the inlet from the silo 19 to the measuring container 21 is opened.

This allows the inlet from the silo to be closed and the The outlet to the filling head 31 is opened and it is ensured that in the measuring vessel 21 there is always such an amount of foam plastic particles that per stone is needed.

The filling head 31 has a mold plate 32 at its lower end. In of the mold plate are parallel recesses located at a distance from one another in the form of elongated holes 33, 33a, 33b, which are connected to the cavities 11, 11a and 11b are aligned in the hollow block located below the mold plate. Of the Filling head 31 with the mold plate 32 located thereon is arranged adjustable in height and can therefore be lowered. This is done using a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 34, the piston rod 35 of which engages arm 36 attached to a filling head 31. This is only shown schematically in FIG. 5.

As soon as the stone to be filled is brought under the filling head 31, this is lowered onto the stone together with the mold plate.

Then the slide 22 is brought into the open position so that a predetermined one Amount of foam plastic particles reaches the measuring container 21. Unless sufficient Amount is present there, the slide 22 is closed and at the same time the slide 23 open. As a result, the filling material reaches the filling head 31. The quantity regulation he follows advantageously via a timer for controlling the inlet slide 22. But it can There should also be level indicators in the measuring cylinder to ensure the exact dosage to reach. The slide is then operated via this level indicator 22 and 23.

To allow the filling of foam plastic particles into the cavities To simplify, but also to speed up, the stone lo rests during its filling on a vibrating table 35.

In comparison with FIG. 5, FIG. 6 shows a simplified relationship to one another between aleßbehälter 21 and filling head 31 with the proviso that the filling head is telescopic is arranged within the measuring container.

The lower slide 23 located on the articulated arm 24 is sealed arranged above the mold plate 32 so that it covers the filling slots 33 or releases. To achieve this, the storage 25 of the lever 24 is adjustable in height, so that when a mold plate 32 is lowered, the slide 23 remains unaffected.

It should be noted that the sliders 22 and 23 described for FIG can also have an independent control so that their movement is not interrelated is coupled. In this way, individual drives can be assigned to each slide 22 and 23 be particularly advantageous also in the form of a piston-cylinder arrangement.

After the foam plastic particles using vibration of the stone are filled into the cavities 11, the transport path is intermittent by an amount equal to the distance between the Stones corresponds, moved further. Finally the filled stones get under a second arrangement, consisting of a cement silo 36 and a pumice silo 37. Both storage containers open into a mixer 38 to which water is also added. The mixer opens into one Storage container 39. Below the storage container 39 there is a measuring vessel 40, on that, also in principle, as on the measuring vessel for the foam plastic waste described, a filling head 41 with a mold plate 42 is assigned.

The mold plate 42 corresponds to the mold plate 32 according to FIG. 5.

Between the storage container 39 and the measuring vessel 40 is a slide 41 arranged, which actuates a pivot arm 44. The drawing shows a raised one Mold plate 42. The plugs are also attached in conjunction with a Vibrating table 45.

The operation of the device described in Fig. 6 is as follows: after the gripper arm 18 has placed a stone on the conveyor belt, it becomes conveyed to the plate compactor. Once it's over the plate compactor, over will be a thereby actuated relay given impulses for the individual work cycles: 1. The Conveyor belt is stopped so that the stone stops above the vibrating plate, 2. the mold plate 32 is lowered onto the stone, 3. the slides 22 and 23 become operated in such a way that the inflow of foam plastic particles from the silo in the measuring vessel closed and at the same time foam plastic particles out to the Get the measuring vessel through the mold plate into the stone, 4.the vibrator is activated, which accelerates the inflow of the filler material and classifies the filler material in such a way that that space is created for the closure material.

A time relay is switched over the vibrator, the subsequent work cycle carries out: 5. The operation of the articulated arm, which now works in reverse order closes the material outlet to the stone and releases the inlet from the silo to the measuring device, 6. the hydraulic system that lifts the mold plate, 7. switching on the conveyor belt for further transport of the stones to the capping system in batches.

As soon as the filled stone has reached the vibrating plate 45, will The following work cycles are controlled via a relay: 8. Shutting down the conveyor belt, 9. lowering the measuring vessel with the mold plate onto the stone, lo. the actuation of the articulated arm, so that the material for the closure of the foam plastic filling can run in, 11. switching on the vibrator, which compacts the sealing material, 12. Closing the outlet and at the same time releasing the inlet from Storage silo to the measuring device, 13. lifting of the measuring vessel with the mold plate, 14th switching on the conveyor belt again to transport the stones to a stacking station, in which these close together for the purpose of onward transport to the consumer be stacked.

The solution according to the invention, in particular the production device, allows various structural modifications. So it is possible that the measuring vessels 21 and 40 with the associated filling heads 31 and 41 and the associated filling heads Form plates 32 and 42 form a structural unit and measuring vessels with the form plates can be lowered as a structural unit. This is possible in conjunction with a tubular connection opening into the upstream receptacle, which is telescopic are lowerable.

The slides or similar closures can also be used for dosing the filling quantities as well as their feed through the mold plates can be controlled individually.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (9)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Hollow block, its insulating cavities are filled with a foam plastic, that is not shown e t that the foam plastic filling (14) consists of loose, small-sized foam plastic bodies and the filling opening of the cavities (11) above the foam plastic is closed with a cover (15). 2. hollow block according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i n e t that the foam plastic body (14) consist of waste products. 3. hollow block according to claims 1 and 2, d a d u r c h g ek It is noted that the cover (15) of the foam plastic (14) consists of a inorganic material. 4. hollow block according to claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g ek Note that a stone (lo) made of pumice with a cement bond is the cover (15) of the foam plastic (14) also consists of pumice with a cement bond. 5. hollow block according to claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g ek It is noted that the cover (15) of the foam plastic (14) consists of a pumice, which is finer-grained compared to the pumice of the Ilohlblocksteines (lo) and the proportion of cement in the pumice of the cover (15) is greater than in the pumice of the stone (lo). 6. hollow block according to claim 1 and one or more of the Claims 2 to 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the cavity (11) has an extension (16) at its open end. 7. hollow block according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the extension (16) is step-shaped and in the extension of the Closure (15) is arranged. 8. Method for producing hollow blocks, in particular from Pumice concrete with shaping and drying of the stones according to claim 1, and one or several of claims 2 to 7, due to the fact that the filling the cavities with foam plastic particles after the stones have dried under Application of vibration made and then in another station above the foam plastic filling is a plug made of a loose, pumice-cement mixture that can be set is introduced and compacted by vibration. 9. Device for producing stones according to claim 1 and one or more of claims 2 to 8, d u r c h g e n n n z e i c h n e t that on a conveyor belt (17) a first workstation is available, a storage container (19) for fine-sized foam plastic waste (14) and a metering device (21) as well as a lowerable mold plate (32) and a vibrating table (35) and this workstation is followed by a second workstation is, consisting of a storage container (36) for cement and a storage container (37) for fine-grain pumice, a mixer (38), a storage container (39) for the Mixture of cement and pumice, a measuring vessel (40) and a lowerable mold plate (42) and a vibrating table (45).