DE2658057A1 - DEVICE FOR HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL COUPLING BETWEEN A DRIVE SHAFT AND A DRIVEN SHAFT - Google Patents

Description

_{# Dec #}

V / pf

Dossier 30.101

COMPAGNIE FRANCAISE D ¹ ETUDES ET DE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIP 232, Avenue Napoleon-Bonaparte 92500 - RUEIL-MALMAISON France

Priority: January 26, 1976 in France, No. 76 02 020

"Device for hydraulic-mechanical coupling between a drive shaft and a driven shaft ".

The present invention relates to an improved device for the hydraulic-mechanical coupling between a Drive shaft and a driven shaft, the two disengageable clutches, one mechanical and one hydraulic Includes coupling between the drive shaft and the driven shaft.

Numerous designs of devices for mechanical-hydraulic coupling between a drive shaft and a driven shaft are already known, and the two respective mechanical and hydraulic clutches are generally connected in parallel, the hydraulic clutch being used to start up the driven shaft, while the mechanical clutch is used when the driven shaft is a

709830/0256

Rotational speed reached which is that of the drive shaft substantially the same. However, the known coupling devices quite space-consuming, since the two mechanical and hydraulic clutches side by side along the common axis of the drive shaft and the driven shaft are arranged and therefore occupy a lot of space.

The present invention aims to to reduce the space required by such a hydraulic-mechanical coupling device.

To this end, the present invention proposes a coupling device between a driven shaft and a drive shaft, the two disengageable, mechanical and hydraulic clutches between the drive shaft and the driven shaft comprises and characterized is that the two clutches consist of one and the same unit which can assume two states, where in the mechanical clutch is established in the first state and the hydraulic clutch is established in the other state.

The coupling device according to the invention has, in contrast to the already known devices in which the mechanical clutch and the hydraulic clutch are axially separated from each other, only one unit.

Further features of the present invention emerge from the following description, in which with reference to the attached Drawings two non-limiting exemplary embodiments are explained.

In the drawings show:

- Figure 1 is a schematic half representation in axial section of a coupling device according to the invention; and

FIG. 2 shows a half representation in section of an embodiment variant of the device according to the invention.

709830/0256

The device shown in Figure 1 according to the present Invention is used to couple two axially aligned rotating shafts, the drive shaft being designated by 1 and the driven shaft by 2. This coupling device is mounted in a tight annular housing 3 which encloses the ends of the shafts 1 and 2 and consists of a first annular flange 4 firmly connected to drive shaft 1, from a second annular flange 5 and from a cylindrical ring 6 for the fixed connection of the two flanges 4 and 5 with one another. The end of the powered Shaft 2 penetrates the second flange 5 in the axial direction, a rotating seal 7 being interposed.

In this embodiment, the drive shaft 1 ends with a cylindrical extension 8 of smaller diameter, while the corresponding end of the driven shaft 2 is hollow and on the cylindrical extension 8 of the drive shaft 1 is inserted, the drive shaft 1 being set in rotation with the aid of ball bearings 9, said end.

The outer peripheral surface of the end of the driven Shaft 2, which is mounted inside the housing 3, comprises a multiplicity of axial corrugations that form a toothing 10, and the inner cylindrical surface of the ring 6 has a multiplicity of corresponding corrugations forming a toothing 11. In the corrugations 11 of the cylindrical Wreath 6, two disks 12 and 13 are installed, each of which is provided with pump blades 14 and 15 on its outer surface and are each arranged at one end of the ring 6 in such a way that each blade 14 or 15 is adjacent to one of the respective annular flanges 4 and 5 respectively. In the corrugations 11 of the ring 6 between each one blading Forming disks 12 and 13 are also arranged friction clutch disks 16.

It is understood that the discs 12, 13 and 16 with the Ring 6 and therefore rotatably connected to the drive shaft 1 and that they are within the annular housing 3 in the axial Direction can be shifted. They also own

709830/0256

• I '

said disks a plurality of bores 17 in the vicinity of their radially outer circumference.

In the corrugations 10 of the end of the driven shaft 2 are also disks 18, which are in the vicinity of their radial inner circumference are provided with holes 19 and on their two surfaces centripetal turbine blades 20 and 21, respectively wear, built-in. The dimensions of the disks 12, 13, 16, 18 are chosen so that the pump blades 14 and 15 as well as the centripetal turbine blades 20 and 21 are arranged essentially in alignment in the axial direction, the turbine blades 20 and 21 are different, preferably smaller, than the diameter of the pump blades 14 and 15 Have diameter, for various reasons, which will be explained below.

The mutual arrangement of the discs is made in such a way that that two adjacent, with the driven shaft

2 non-rotatably connected and displaceable in the axial direction Disks 18 are separated from one another by the disk 16 of a friction clutch.

The coupling device according to the invention also comprises two hydraulic piston cylinder drives 22 which are carried by the annular flange 4 and only one of which is shown in the drawings. Every piston-cylinder drive 22 comprises a piston 23 which is mounted in a cylindrical space and the latter in two chambers 24 and 25 divides, which are each connected by the passage 26 to the inner space of the annular housing 3, wherein the second chamber 25 is also connected to the inner space via a passage 27 which can be closed by a flap 28 is set. The second chamber 25 contains a return spring 29 which biases the piston and removes it from the annular housing

3 repellent prints.

Each piston 23 is provided with a plunger 30, which penetrates the annular housing 3 in a sealing manner and is located on the first Disk 12 is supported, firmly connected.

70 9830/0256

The rods of the respective, e.g., the four, flaps 28 are fixedly connected to a common, annular piece 31 slidably arranged on the drive shaft 1, this Piece 31 can be moved in the axial direction with the aid of a fork.

The coupling device according to the invention also includes Means for supplying a liquid inside the annular housing 3, for example an annular one through Have dashed lines in Figure 1 shown tube 32 which surrounds the driven shaft 2 and with a Fluid supply is connected; the liquid flows through the pipe 32, as shown by the arrow 33, and flows through a plurality of holes 34 into the interior of the annular housing 3.

The operation of this device is as follows:

It is assumed that the two shafts 1 and 2, namely the drive shaft and the driven shaft, do not correspond move. Under these conditions there is no liquid in the annular housing 3 and the piston 23 is through the spring 29 is held away from the housing 3, so that the disks 12, 16 and 18 are slightly spread apart from one another. The flaps 28 were pushed into their position causing the closure of the passages 27 by means of the annular plate 31, so that the chamber 25 of the cylinder 22 is isolated from the outside air.

The drive shaft 1 is then set in rotation at a nominal speed, while the shaft 2 remains immobile. Then a liquid, preferably water or a more or less volatile liquid, enters the ring-shaped Housing 3 passed through the tube 32 and the holes 34 of the flange 5. The disks 12 and 13, those with the pump blades 14 and 15 are provided at the same time as the friction clutch disks 16 are set in rotation by the drive shaft 1, true! the rotatably connected to the driven shaft 2

709830/0256

Disks 18 are still immobile. The liquid contained in the annular housing 3 is with the help of the pump blades 14 and 15 promoted and therefore receives a certain pressure. This pressure that is in the interior of the annular housing 3 prevails, also thanks to the passages 26 on both sides of the pistons 23 in the chambers 24 and 25 of the cylinders 22 a. The resulting effect of the pressure on the pistons is therefore zero. The 14 and 15 in the liquid conveyed in the direction shown by the arrows then flows through the centripetal turbine blades 20 and 14 21 back to the axis of the device, thereby setting the turbine blades in rotation. As mentioned earlier, the diameter is of the turbine blades is lower than that of the pump blades, so that the rotational speeds are perfectly synchronized the drive shaft 1 and the driven shaft 2 is achieved. When the rotational speeds are practically the same are, with the help of the annular plate 31, the flaps 28 are actuated so that they are from their seats in the passages removed. The chamber 25 of the piston-cylinder drives are connected to the outside air, so that in the latter the pressure is suddenly relieved. In contrast, the pressure in the chambers 24 is maintained so that the Pistons 23 and therefore plungers 30 are pushed towards the inner space of the annular housing 3; the power of Retraction spring 29 is overcome, so that the discs 12, 16, 18 and 13 supported on one another with force against the opposite annular flange 5 are pushed. The entire disks then form a multi-disk friction clutch, which the synchronism of shafts 1 and 2 is guaranteed.

Preferably the discs are 12, 13, 16 and 18 in their respective areas provided with holes 17 and 19, respectively, are designed to be flexible, so that any incorrectly aligned Arrangement can be corrected.

It is also noted that at the end of their stroke the pistons 23 form the passages that connect the chamber 25 the piston-cylinder drives 22 with the interior of the

709830/0256

produce annular housing 3, can close, so that the said pistons 23 can be held in their end position lying next to the annular housing 3. One main property of the device according to the invention consists in the fact that in one and the same unit disks with pump blades and disks with turbine blades, as well Friction clutch disks are assembled, this unit in a first state in which the disks are not are pressed against each other, a hydraulic clutch and in a second state in which the said disks are pressed against each other, forming a mechanical friction clutch.

Of course, numerous design variants be brought about to the described coupling device according to the invention. You can, for example, instead of the piston-cylinder drives 22 a device for controlling which is made dependent on the rotational speed of the driven shaft 2 the pressing force of the different discs against each other.

If the construction described is carried out in reverse, i.e. if the shaft 2 is a drive shaft and the shaft 1 forms the driven shaft, are the blades of the disks 12 and 12, which are firmly connected to the cylindrical ring 6 centrifugal turbine blades, while the disks 18 firmly connected to the shaft 2 in this case on both of them Surfaces are provided with pump blades. It should also be noted that the friction clutch disks 16, which in the The illustrated embodiment are firmly connected to the cylindrical ring 6, also connected to the shaft 2 could be, or that some of these disks are connected to the ring 6 and others to the shaft 2 in a rotationally fixed manner could.

The means for supplying and draining liquid into or out of the annular housing 3 can also be carried out differently and are also able to during

709830/0256

the starting of the driven shaft to control the temperature. These funds will then become redundant as soon as the mechanical coupling is established.

In the variant of Figure 2, the drive shaft 51 and the driven shaft 52 are hollow, so that they are used to supply and discharge the medium used to produce the hydraulic clutch can. A tight annular housing 53 encloses the Connection point of the two shafts and consists of a first annular flange firmly connected to the drive shaft 51 54, a second annular flange 55 and a cylindrical one for connecting the two flanges to one another serving ring-shaped wreath 56.

The driven shaft 52 is firmly connected to a hollow pinion 59 with longitudinal teeth 60, wherein this pinion 59 is mounted within the annular housing 53 and with one through the inner diameter of the second Flange 55 carried seal 57 cooperates.

As in the previous embodiment, the annular ring 56 is provided with an internal toothing 61 and Similar disks 62, which are provided with pump blades 64 on one of their annular surfaces, engage in the Toothing 61 of the ring 56 and are therefore with the drive shaft 51 non-rotatably connected by being axially displaceable at the same time. The pinion 59 carries a variety of Discs 68, the number of which corresponds to the number of discs 62 and which on one of their annular surfaces with centripetal Turbine blades 70 are provided. The disks 68 have between the circumferential area with which they are connected to the pinion 59 cooperate, and the blades 70 a plurality of bores 69.

The annular housing 53 carries hydraulic piston-cylinder drives 72 via the second annular flange 55, wtl'che piston 73 include the inner cylindrical

709830/0256

Divide the space of the drive 72 into two separate chambers, which optionally with the interior of the annular housing 53 in Are connected, the second chamber is provided with a return spring 79 and optionally via not shown Passages can be connected to the outside air.

It is understood that the supply of the hydraulic medium by the drive shaft 51 through the central bore of the annular flange 54 therethrough like the one with the arrow

71 is indicated, takes place. The hydraulic medium reaches the interior of the annular housing 53 on the pump blades and the turbine blades and flows either between the end of the pinion 59 and the first annular flange 54, as shown by arrow 75, or through the pinion through bores 76, as indicated by arrow 77 is. In this embodiment of the present invention, there is no friction disk between the centrifugal ones Turbine blades provided. The illustrated in Figure 2 according to the invention The device functions essentially similarly to the device in FIG. 1. When starting up, the Disks 62 and 68 slightly spread apart and the driven shaft 52 is immobile, while the shaft 51 with is set in rotation at its nominal speed. The hydraulic medium is directed into the interior of the device and penetrates into the interior of the annular housing 53 and flows either between the Rizel 59 and the annular Flange 54 or through the holes 76 of the pinion 59. The pump blades 64 give this medium a A certain pressure and the medium then sets the turbine blades in rotation. The diameter of the turbine blades is slightly lower than that of the pump blades, so that an almost perfect synchronism between the rotational speeds the drive shaft 51 and the driven shaft 52 can be achieved. When the two waves are essentially rotate synchronously, the piston-cylinder drives

72 actuated so that with the help of the piston 73 the disks 62 and 68 come into contact with one another and are on the first Support annular flange 54. It then exists between the

709830/0256

two shafts 51 and 52 a mechanical coupling.

It should be noted that the embodiment variant of the present invention just described has the following special features Features:

- The pump disks 62 are identical to one another
executed similar to the turbine disks 68, which are the same
are so that the construction and composition of the
Device is simplified.

- This device can be used as a torque limiter by having a pair of washers 62-68 removed and replaced with full discs. The highest transmittable torque before the mechanical coupling between the shafts 51 and 52 is produced is then less.

The disks 62, which are provided with the pump blades 64, have no bore between their peripheral area, with which they cooperate with the pinion 59, and theirs
Shovels. If the bores 69 of the turbine disks 68 are not provided, the fact that the disks 62 and 68 are installed alternately in the axial direction, multistage
Pumps and turbines create so that the previous, for
Execution of the device necessary calculations are significantly simplified.

In the two embodiments described, the pump and turbine blades can be machined in the thick annular surfaces of the disks. One gets in this way
a very large friction surface between the discs, which has a particularly beneficial effect on the mechanical clutch.

Finally, one can notice that if the hydraulic medium used is water or one more
or less volatile liquid is formed inside
of the ring-shaped housing 3 or 53, only a steam discharge pipe, as shown schematically in FIG. 35 in FIG. 1, can be provided

709830/0256

and that, if 01 is used as the medium, an entire circuit for circulating and cooling the 01 during start-up is compulsorily provided.

709830/0256

Blank page

Claims (18)

PATENT CLAIMS ί 1. ) Device for coupling between a drive shaft and a driven shaft with two disengageable, mechanical and hydraulic clutches between the drive shaft and the driven shaft, characterized in that the two clutches consist of one and the same unit, which assume two operating states can, wherein the mechanical clutch is established in the first operating state and the hydraulic clutch is established in the second operating state. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized that said unit has a mechanical clutch in the form of a friction clutch as well as a hydraulic one Forms coupling with paddle wheels in the manner of a pump-turbo coupling. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said unit in one annular sealed housing (3), which is firmly connected to one of the shafts mentioned and in the axial direction of the two shafts (1, 2) sealingly penetrated, is arranged and a plurality of friction disks (16), each with of the shaft (1) are rotatably connected and arranged to be displaceable in the axial direction, as well as two rows of disks (18, 12, 13) each with pump and turbine blades (14, 15 and 21), the first disks (12, 13) with the drive shaft (1) are rotatably connected and displaceable in the axial direction, while the discs of the second row (18) with the driven shaft (2) rotatably connected and. are displaceable in the axial direction by the friction disks (16) between the bladed discs (12, 13, 18) are interposed, and that said unit is provided with means (22) for pressing the friction disks (16) and with Bladed disks (12, 13, 18) against each other to form the mechanical coupling and to spread the Disks (16) and the disks provided with blades (12,13, 18) apart to form the said hydraulic 709830/0256 ORIGINAL INSPECTED Coupling is provided. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized that the said pressing and expanding means are provided with rams (30), which by the said Housing (3) parallel to the drive shaft (1) and the driven shaft (2) are passed through to said To bring disks (12,16,18,13) against each other in the plant, the said plungers. (30) by piston-cylinder drives (22), which are supported on the housing (3), actuated and controlled by the pressure prevailing in said housing will. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that it is characterized that each piston-cylinder drive (22) one Comprises piston (23) which is mounted in a cylindrical space and the latter in two with the interior of the housing (3) divides connected chambers (24,25), the first chamber (25) also having a discharge opening (27) in constituencies Connection can be set and comprises a piston (23) permanently loading spring (29). 6. The device according to claim 5 _f, characterized in that closure flaps (28) are arranged on the openings (27) to relieve the pressure of the piston-cylinder drives, which are actuated via a common control device (31). 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the friction discs (16) are non-rotatably connected to the drive shaft (1). 8. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the friction disks (16) are non-rotatably connected to the driven shaft (2). 9. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the friction discs (16) 709830/0253 partly with the drive shaft (1) and partly with the driven one Shaft (2) are rotatably connected. 10. Device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the discs (12,13) with the Pump blades (14,15) with the cylindrical surface (6) of the annular housing firmly connected to the drive shaft (1) (3) are rotatably connected, while the disks (18) with the turbine blades (20, 21) with a range of driven The shaft (2), which runs in the housing (3) opposite the aforementioned cylindrical surface (6), are connected in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the disks (18) with turbine blades and the friction disks (16) between the disks (12, 13) with pump blades, which are mounted at the respective ends of the interior of the housing (3) are installed. 11. Device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the disks are leaning with turbine blades (18) non-rotatably with the cylindrical surface (6) of the housing (3) firmly connected to the driven shaft (2) are connected, while the disks (12,13) with pump blades (14,15) with a region of the drive shaft (1) in the said housing (3) opposite the said cylindrical Surface (6) of the same, are rotatably connected, the disks (12, 13) with pump blades and the friction disks (16) between the disks (18) with turbine blades that are arranged at the respective ends of the interior of the housing (3), are installed, 12. Device according to one of claims 1,2, characterized in that said unit is a Row of disks (62) with pump blades (64) that are connected to the Drive shaft (51) are non-rotatably connected and displaceable in the axial direction, a number of discs (68) with centripetal Turbine blades (70) connected to the driven shaft (52) in a rotationally fixed manner and displaceable in the axial direction are, the discs (62,68) are installed in such a way that two successive discs of the first row through 709830/0256 a disc of the other row are separated from each other, as well as means such as hydraulic piston-cylinder drives (72,73) actuated plungers, which for pressing the discs of the two named rows against each other to form the mechanical clutch and to spread these disks apart to form the hydraulic clutch. 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that that an equal number of disks (62) with pump blades (64) and disks (68) with turbine blades (70) is provided. 14. Device according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized characterized in that the discs (62,68) in the position in which they are spread apart, a multi-stage Form pump. 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that said disks (12, 13,16,18,68) are formed by annular disks which at least provided with blades (14,15,20,21,70) on one surface and the inner or outer radial circumference of which comprises a toothing used for installation, the said disks bores or holes (17,19,69) between its circumference and the annular surface provided with the blades (14,15,20,21,70) own. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the area of said annular Discs (12,13,16,18,68), on which the mentioned bores or holes (17,19,69) are provided, is slightly flexible. 17. Device according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the blades of the turbine disks (18, 68) have a different, for example slightly smaller, diameter compared to that of the blades of the pump disks (12, 13, 62). 18. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized 709830/0258 characterized in that the blades of said disks are formed by channels formed in the respective annular surfaces of the discs are hollowed out. 7098SO / OZS6