DE2437464A1 - Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes - Google Patents
Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2437464A1 DE2437464A1 DE2437464A DE2437464A DE2437464A1 DE 2437464 A1 DE2437464 A1 DE 2437464A1 DE 2437464 A DE2437464 A DE 2437464A DE 2437464 A DE2437464 A DE 2437464A DE 2437464 A1 DE2437464 A1 DE 2437464A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- responder
- frequency
- search unit
- building
- earthquakes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/75—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
- G01S13/751—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
- G01S13/753—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal using frequency selective elements, e.g. resonator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B29/00—Apparatus for mountaineering
- A63B29/02—Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
- A63B29/021—Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Ein Verfahren zur Ortung von verschütteten Personen Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, das es gestattet, vèrschüttete Personen schnell und sicher zu orten. Es sind zwar Verfahren bekannt,-die es gestatten, Verschüttete zu orten; dabei wird jedoch meist nur auf Lawinenverschüttete Rücksicht genommen. Solche, für Lawinenverschüttete geeignete Verfahren versagen jedoch, will man sie bei einem anderen Verschüttungsmaterial, z.B. Schutt oder Böden, einsetzen. A method for locating buried people. The invention concerns a procedure that allows people to be found quickly and safely to locate. Methods are known which allow buried subjects to be located; however, mostly only avalanche victims are taken into account. Such, Appropriate procedures for avalanche victims fail, however, if you want them with you Use other spillage material, e.g. rubble or soil.
Letztere Yerschüttungsmaterialien treten auf bei Verschüttungen im Zusammenhang mit Abbrucharbeiten, im Tiefbau, im Tagebergwerk u.a.m.The latter discharge materials occur in the event of spills in the In connection with demolition work, in civil engineering, in open-cast mines, etc.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß es vorteilhaft ist, den Verschüttungsgefährdeten (z.B. Bauarbeiter) mit einem Antwortgeber zu versehen, da ein Verschütteter auf dem Weg über dieses Hilfsmittel erheblich leichter zu orten ist. Ein solcher Antwortgeber muß jedoch, der erstrebten langen Einsatzzeit wegen, gänzlich wartungsfrei sein. Insbesondere darf er keiner Energieversorgung in Form von Batterien o.ä. bedürfen. Diese Eigenschaft wird mit "passiv" bezeichnet.It has been shown to be beneficial for those at risk of being buried (e.g. construction workers) to be provided with an answerer, since a victim is buried is much easier to locate via this tool. Such a responder however, because of the long service life sought, it must be completely maintenance-free. In particular, it must not require any energy supply in the form of batteries or the like. This property is called "passive".
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch Anwendung eines Verfahrens, das prinzipiell nach Fig. 1 funktioniert.The object is achieved according to the invention by using a method which works in principle according to FIG. 1.
Das Gesamtsystem setzt sich zusammen aus dem links dargestellten Suchgerät, das sich bei der Suchmannschaft befindet, und dem rechts dargestellten Antwortgeber, der sich bei dem Verschütteten befindet. Das Suchgerät besteht aus einem Sender (1) und einem Empfänger (9), die zu einer Einheit zusammengefaßt sein können.The overall system consists of the search device shown on the left, who is with the search team, and the responder shown on the right, which is with the buried subject. The search device consists of a transmitter (1) and a receiver (9), which can be combined to form a unit.
Der Sender (1) des Suchgerätes strahlt ein hochfrequentes, amplitudenmoduliertes Signal über die Antenne (2) aus. In Fig. 1 wurde als Sendefrequenz 27,12 MHz ga.vän,lt. Anderr Frequenzen sind jedoch ohne Nachteil ebenso verwendbar. Die im Vergleich zur Sendefrequenz niedrige Modulationsfrequenz sei f mod Der Antwortgeber besteht aus zwei elektromagnetisch entkoppelten Schwingkreisen, jeweils für die Sendefrequenz (in diesem Beispiel 27,12 MHz) und die Modulationsfrequenz f mod Die Schwingkreise bestehen jeweils aus einer Spule (3) und einem Kondensator (4) bzw. (7) und (6). Es ist vorteilhaftj die Spulen (3), (7) der Schwingkreise gleichzeitig als-Antennen, in diesem Fall als Rahmen- bzw. Spulenantennen auszubilden. Beide Schwingkreise werden über eine Diode (5) miteinander gekoppelt. Die Diode demoduliert das hochfrequente Signal und regt damit den niederfrequenten Schwingkreis an. Das dadurch erzeugte niederfrequente Feld mit der Frequenz f mod wird über die Empfangsantenne (8) mit dem Empfänger (9) des Suchgerätes abgehört und dient als Zeichen für das Vorhandensein eines Verschütteten.The transmitter (1) of the search device emits a high-frequency, amplitude-modulated Signal via the antenna (2). In Fig. 1, the transmission frequency 27.12 MHz ga.vän, according to However, other frequencies can also be used without any disadvantage. the The modulation frequency, which is low compared to the transmission frequency, is f mod The responder consists of two electromagnetically decoupled oscillating circuits, each for the Transmission frequency (in this example 27.12 MHz) and the modulation frequency f mod Die Resonant circuits each consist of a coil (3) and a capacitor (4) or (7) and (6). It is advantageous to have the coils (3), (7) of the oscillating circuits at the same time as antennas, in this case as frame or coil antennas. Both Resonant circuits are coupled to one another via a diode (5). The diode demodulates the high-frequency signal and thus stimulates the low-frequency resonant circuit. That the resulting low-frequency field with the frequency f mod is transmitted via the receiving antenna (8) listened to with the receiver (9) of the search device and serves as a symbol for the Presence of a buried subject.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, das Sendesignal zusätzlich mit einer Frequenz, die vorzugsweise im Hörbereich liegt, rechteck zu tasten.It has proven to be advantageous to also include the transmission signal a frequency, which is preferably in the audible range, to key square.
Dadurch läßt sich einerseits Sendeleistung sparen und andererseits eine einfachere Hörbarmachung erreichen. Außerdem kann das Sendesignal nochinals mit einer Frequenz von ca. 1 Hz getastet werden. Auch dadurch ergibt sich eine Leistungseinsparung und, wegen des dem Ohr abwechselnd dargebotenen Hintergrundgeräusches bzw. Nutzsignales eine bessere Signalerkennung.As a result, transmission power can be saved on the one hand, and on the other hand achieve easier audibility. In addition, the transmission signal can still be can be keyed at a frequency of approx. 1 Hz. This also results in a power saving and, because of the background noise or useful signal alternately presented to the ear better signal detection.
Der Antwortgeber läßt sich entweder in erkennungsmarkenähnlicher Form, die an einer Schleife um den Hals getragen wird, ausführen, oder aber in einen Bauarbeiterhelm einarbeiten. Auch sind noch weitere Ausführungen denkbar.The responder can either be in a form similar to an identification tag, worn on a loop around the neck, or in a hardhat incorporate. Further designs are also conceivable.
Bei der ersten Form, die als erkennungsmarkenähnlich bezeichnet werden soll, kann die hochfrequente Spule (3), die gleichzeitig als Empfangsantenne dient, als Trageschlaufe verwendet werden. An ihr wird der Rest des Antwortgebers geeignet befestigt. Bei genügend hoher Sendefrequenz läßt sich dabei die Wickellänge der Spule (3) so abstimmen, daß sie in Eigenresonanz schwingt, der Kondensator (4) also hinfällig wird.In the first form, which are referred to as dog tag-like the high-frequency coil (3), which also serves as a receiving antenna, can can be used as a wrist strap. The rest of the answerer becomes suitable at her attached. If the transmission frequency is high enough, the winding length of the Tune the coil (3) so that it oscillates in its own resonance, i.e. the capacitor (4) becomes obsolete.
In der zweiten Ausführung wird die hochfrequente Spule weitwindig in einen Bauarbeiterhelm eingearbeitet, der niederfrequente Schwingkreis und die Diode finden im Schirm des Helmes Platz.In the second version, the high-frequency coil has wide windings incorporated into a hardhat, the low-frequency oscillating circuit and the Diodes can be found in the visor of the helmet.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2437464A DE2437464A1 (en) | 1974-08-03 | 1974-08-03 | Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2437464A DE2437464A1 (en) | 1974-08-03 | 1974-08-03 | Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2437464A1 true DE2437464A1 (en) | 1976-02-12 |
Family
ID=5922362
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2437464A Pending DE2437464A1 (en) | 1974-08-03 | 1974-08-03 | Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2437464A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4331957A (en) * | 1979-04-20 | 1982-05-25 | Bengt Enander | Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims |
DE3143915A1 (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1983-05-11 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | IDENTITY CARD |
US4656478A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-04-07 | Asulab S.A. | Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims |
DE3817272A1 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-30 | Armin Dr Tiefengraber | SKIERS SECURITY PASS SYSTEM LIFT CARD, SKIPASS O. AE. TOGETHER WITH INICATOR (TRANSMITTER + RECEIVER + ENERGY SOURCE O. AE.) AS A UNIT |
DE3840347A1 (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-05-31 | Landstorfer Friedrich | Method for measuring the total distance between a transmitting location, a reference location and a receiving location |
US5057844A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-10-15 | Rothstein Mark B | Insulated underground antenna and method for utilizing same |
EP0593131A1 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-04-20 | N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP | Combined electronic person admission control system and person search system, suitable in particular for use in winter sports areas |
DE102006039715A1 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Dürr Ecoclean GmbH | Cleaning device with a flood chamber |
WO2015071347A1 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils |
-
1974
- 1974-08-03 DE DE2437464A patent/DE2437464A1/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4331957A (en) * | 1979-04-20 | 1982-05-25 | Bengt Enander | Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims |
DE3143915A1 (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1983-05-11 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | IDENTITY CARD |
US4656478A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-04-07 | Asulab S.A. | Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims |
DE3817272A1 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-30 | Armin Dr Tiefengraber | SKIERS SECURITY PASS SYSTEM LIFT CARD, SKIPASS O. AE. TOGETHER WITH INICATOR (TRANSMITTER + RECEIVER + ENERGY SOURCE O. AE.) AS A UNIT |
US5172110A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1992-12-15 | Armin Tiefengraber | Indicator apparatus for the recovery of skiers buried by avalanches |
DE3840347A1 (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-05-31 | Landstorfer Friedrich | Method for measuring the total distance between a transmitting location, a reference location and a receiving location |
US5057844A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-10-15 | Rothstein Mark B | Insulated underground antenna and method for utilizing same |
EP0593131A1 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-04-20 | N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP | Combined electronic person admission control system and person search system, suitable in particular for use in winter sports areas |
DE102006039715A1 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Dürr Ecoclean GmbH | Cleaning device with a flood chamber |
WO2015071347A1 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils |
US10677910B2 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2020-06-09 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils |
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