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DE2437464A1 - Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes - Google Patents

Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes

Info

Publication number
DE2437464A1
DE2437464A1 DE2437464A DE2437464A DE2437464A1 DE 2437464 A1 DE2437464 A1 DE 2437464A1 DE 2437464 A DE2437464 A DE 2437464A DE 2437464 A DE2437464 A DE 2437464A DE 2437464 A1 DE2437464 A1 DE 2437464A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
responder
frequency
search unit
building
earthquakes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE2437464A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Anton Dipl Ing Richtscheid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE2437464A priority Critical patent/DE2437464A1/en
Publication of DE2437464A1 publication Critical patent/DE2437464A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/75Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
    • G01S13/751Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
    • G01S13/753Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal using frequency selective elements, e.g. resonator
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • A63B29/021Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The responder does not require any power supply of its own in the form of batteries. The high-frequency transmitting signal has its amplitude modulated once or several times. The responder sends back the demodulated transmitting signal as an answer signal which is evaluated by the receiver in the search unit as a sign of the presence of a person who is buried alive. The responder can be carried in a loop around the neck or built into the helmet of a building worker. The responder consists of two resonant circuits, for the transmitting frequency and the modulation frequency. They each consist of a coil (3) and a capacitor (4).

Description

Ein Verfahren zur Ortung von verschütteten Personen Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, das es gestattet, vèrschüttete Personen schnell und sicher zu orten. Es sind zwar Verfahren bekannt,-die es gestatten, Verschüttete zu orten; dabei wird jedoch meist nur auf Lawinenverschüttete Rücksicht genommen. Solche, für Lawinenverschüttete geeignete Verfahren versagen jedoch, will man sie bei einem anderen Verschüttungsmaterial, z.B. Schutt oder Böden, einsetzen. A method for locating buried people. The invention concerns a procedure that allows people to be found quickly and safely to locate. Methods are known which allow buried subjects to be located; however, mostly only avalanche victims are taken into account. Such, Appropriate procedures for avalanche victims fail, however, if you want them with you Use other spillage material, e.g. rubble or soil.

Letztere Yerschüttungsmaterialien treten auf bei Verschüttungen im Zusammenhang mit Abbrucharbeiten, im Tiefbau, im Tagebergwerk u.a.m.The latter discharge materials occur in the event of spills in the In connection with demolition work, in civil engineering, in open-cast mines, etc.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß es vorteilhaft ist, den Verschüttungsgefährdeten (z.B. Bauarbeiter) mit einem Antwortgeber zu versehen, da ein Verschütteter auf dem Weg über dieses Hilfsmittel erheblich leichter zu orten ist. Ein solcher Antwortgeber muß jedoch, der erstrebten langen Einsatzzeit wegen, gänzlich wartungsfrei sein. Insbesondere darf er keiner Energieversorgung in Form von Batterien o.ä. bedürfen. Diese Eigenschaft wird mit "passiv" bezeichnet.It has been shown to be beneficial for those at risk of being buried (e.g. construction workers) to be provided with an answerer, since a victim is buried is much easier to locate via this tool. Such a responder however, because of the long service life sought, it must be completely maintenance-free. In particular, it must not require any energy supply in the form of batteries or the like. This property is called "passive".

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch Anwendung eines Verfahrens, das prinzipiell nach Fig. 1 funktioniert.The object is achieved according to the invention by using a method which works in principle according to FIG. 1.

Das Gesamtsystem setzt sich zusammen aus dem links dargestellten Suchgerät, das sich bei der Suchmannschaft befindet, und dem rechts dargestellten Antwortgeber, der sich bei dem Verschütteten befindet. Das Suchgerät besteht aus einem Sender (1) und einem Empfänger (9), die zu einer Einheit zusammengefaßt sein können.The overall system consists of the search device shown on the left, who is with the search team, and the responder shown on the right, which is with the buried subject. The search device consists of a transmitter (1) and a receiver (9), which can be combined to form a unit.

Der Sender (1) des Suchgerätes strahlt ein hochfrequentes, amplitudenmoduliertes Signal über die Antenne (2) aus. In Fig. 1 wurde als Sendefrequenz 27,12 MHz ga.vän,lt. Anderr Frequenzen sind jedoch ohne Nachteil ebenso verwendbar. Die im Vergleich zur Sendefrequenz niedrige Modulationsfrequenz sei f mod Der Antwortgeber besteht aus zwei elektromagnetisch entkoppelten Schwingkreisen, jeweils für die Sendefrequenz (in diesem Beispiel 27,12 MHz) und die Modulationsfrequenz f mod Die Schwingkreise bestehen jeweils aus einer Spule (3) und einem Kondensator (4) bzw. (7) und (6). Es ist vorteilhaftj die Spulen (3), (7) der Schwingkreise gleichzeitig als-Antennen, in diesem Fall als Rahmen- bzw. Spulenantennen auszubilden. Beide Schwingkreise werden über eine Diode (5) miteinander gekoppelt. Die Diode demoduliert das hochfrequente Signal und regt damit den niederfrequenten Schwingkreis an. Das dadurch erzeugte niederfrequente Feld mit der Frequenz f mod wird über die Empfangsantenne (8) mit dem Empfänger (9) des Suchgerätes abgehört und dient als Zeichen für das Vorhandensein eines Verschütteten.The transmitter (1) of the search device emits a high-frequency, amplitude-modulated Signal via the antenna (2). In Fig. 1, the transmission frequency 27.12 MHz ga.vän, according to However, other frequencies can also be used without any disadvantage. the The modulation frequency, which is low compared to the transmission frequency, is f mod The responder consists of two electromagnetically decoupled oscillating circuits, each for the Transmission frequency (in this example 27.12 MHz) and the modulation frequency f mod Die Resonant circuits each consist of a coil (3) and a capacitor (4) or (7) and (6). It is advantageous to have the coils (3), (7) of the oscillating circuits at the same time as antennas, in this case as frame or coil antennas. Both Resonant circuits are coupled to one another via a diode (5). The diode demodulates the high-frequency signal and thus stimulates the low-frequency resonant circuit. That the resulting low-frequency field with the frequency f mod is transmitted via the receiving antenna (8) listened to with the receiver (9) of the search device and serves as a symbol for the Presence of a buried subject.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, das Sendesignal zusätzlich mit einer Frequenz, die vorzugsweise im Hörbereich liegt, rechteck zu tasten.It has proven to be advantageous to also include the transmission signal a frequency, which is preferably in the audible range, to key square.

Dadurch läßt sich einerseits Sendeleistung sparen und andererseits eine einfachere Hörbarmachung erreichen. Außerdem kann das Sendesignal nochinals mit einer Frequenz von ca. 1 Hz getastet werden. Auch dadurch ergibt sich eine Leistungseinsparung und, wegen des dem Ohr abwechselnd dargebotenen Hintergrundgeräusches bzw. Nutzsignales eine bessere Signalerkennung.As a result, transmission power can be saved on the one hand, and on the other hand achieve easier audibility. In addition, the transmission signal can still be can be keyed at a frequency of approx. 1 Hz. This also results in a power saving and, because of the background noise or useful signal alternately presented to the ear better signal detection.

Der Antwortgeber läßt sich entweder in erkennungsmarkenähnlicher Form, die an einer Schleife um den Hals getragen wird, ausführen, oder aber in einen Bauarbeiterhelm einarbeiten. Auch sind noch weitere Ausführungen denkbar.The responder can either be in a form similar to an identification tag, worn on a loop around the neck, or in a hardhat incorporate. Further designs are also conceivable.

Bei der ersten Form, die als erkennungsmarkenähnlich bezeichnet werden soll, kann die hochfrequente Spule (3), die gleichzeitig als Empfangsantenne dient, als Trageschlaufe verwendet werden. An ihr wird der Rest des Antwortgebers geeignet befestigt. Bei genügend hoher Sendefrequenz läßt sich dabei die Wickellänge der Spule (3) so abstimmen, daß sie in Eigenresonanz schwingt, der Kondensator (4) also hinfällig wird.In the first form, which are referred to as dog tag-like the high-frequency coil (3), which also serves as a receiving antenna, can can be used as a wrist strap. The rest of the answerer becomes suitable at her attached. If the transmission frequency is high enough, the winding length of the Tune the coil (3) so that it oscillates in its own resonance, i.e. the capacitor (4) becomes obsolete.

In der zweiten Ausführung wird die hochfrequente Spule weitwindig in einen Bauarbeiterhelm eingearbeitet, der niederfrequente Schwingkreis und die Diode finden im Schirm des Helmes Platz.In the second version, the high-frequency coil has wide windings incorporated into a hardhat, the low-frequency oscillating circuit and the Diodes can be found in the visor of the helmet.

Claims (3)

Patentansprüthe Patent claims 8 Ein Verfahren zur Ortung von verschütteten Personen, bestehend aus einem Suchgerät und einem Antwortgeber, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Antwortgeber keine eigene Energieversorgung in Form von--Batterien benötigt.8 A method for locating buried persons, consisting of a search device and a responder, characterized in that the responder no separate energy supply in the form of - batteries required. 2) Verfahren -nacb Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das hoc'hfrequente Sendesignal ein- oder mehrfach amplitudenmoduliert ist. 2) method -nacb claim 1, characterized in that the hoc'hfrequente Transmission signal is amplitude modulated one or more times. 3) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Antwortgeber das demodulierte Sendesignal als Antwortsignal zurücksendet, welches von dem Empfänger des Suchgerätes als Zeichen für das Vorhandensein eines~Verschütteten gewertet wird. 3) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the responder sends back the demodulated transmission signal as a response signal, which is sent by the receiver of the search device is interpreted as a sign of the presence of a buried subject. LeerseiteBlank page
DE2437464A 1974-08-03 1974-08-03 Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes Pending DE2437464A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2437464A DE2437464A1 (en) 1974-08-03 1974-08-03 Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2437464A DE2437464A1 (en) 1974-08-03 1974-08-03 Location of people buried alive - has search unit and responder for use in mining, building and earthquakes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2437464A1 true DE2437464A1 (en) 1976-02-12

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4331957A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-05-25 Bengt Enander Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims
DE3143915A1 (en) * 1981-11-05 1983-05-11 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim IDENTITY CARD
US4656478A (en) * 1984-07-30 1987-04-07 Asulab S.A. Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims
DE3817272A1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-11-30 Armin Dr Tiefengraber SKIERS SECURITY PASS SYSTEM LIFT CARD, SKIPASS O. AE. TOGETHER WITH INICATOR (TRANSMITTER + RECEIVER + ENERGY SOURCE O. AE.) AS A UNIT
DE3840347A1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-05-31 Landstorfer Friedrich Method for measuring the total distance between a transmitting location, a reference location and a receiving location
US5057844A (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-10-15 Rothstein Mark B Insulated underground antenna and method for utilizing same
EP0593131A1 (en) * 1992-10-15 1994-04-20 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP Combined electronic person admission control system and person search system, suitable in particular for use in winter sports areas
DE102006039715A1 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Dürr Ecoclean GmbH Cleaning device with a flood chamber
WO2015071347A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4331957A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-05-25 Bengt Enander Transponder for use in locating avalanche victims
DE3143915A1 (en) * 1981-11-05 1983-05-11 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim IDENTITY CARD
US4656478A (en) * 1984-07-30 1987-04-07 Asulab S.A. Passive transponder for locating avalanche victims
DE3817272A1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-11-30 Armin Dr Tiefengraber SKIERS SECURITY PASS SYSTEM LIFT CARD, SKIPASS O. AE. TOGETHER WITH INICATOR (TRANSMITTER + RECEIVER + ENERGY SOURCE O. AE.) AS A UNIT
US5172110A (en) * 1988-05-20 1992-12-15 Armin Tiefengraber Indicator apparatus for the recovery of skiers buried by avalanches
DE3840347A1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-05-31 Landstorfer Friedrich Method for measuring the total distance between a transmitting location, a reference location and a receiving location
US5057844A (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-10-15 Rothstein Mark B Insulated underground antenna and method for utilizing same
EP0593131A1 (en) * 1992-10-15 1994-04-20 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP Combined electronic person admission control system and person search system, suitable in particular for use in winter sports areas
DE102006039715A1 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Dürr Ecoclean GmbH Cleaning device with a flood chamber
WO2015071347A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils
US10677910B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2020-06-09 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven System for locating an object using an antenna array with partially overlapping coils

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