DE2420989A1 - PIG FEED - Google Patents

Description

9 (S 9 O ^Ha / ^an

Siu ^ xji & α BMB

Dansk Landbrugs Growareselskab

Axelborg

Copenhagen

Denmark

Pig feed

The invention relates to a pig feed with an essential Content of vegetable, linoleic acid-containing fats and / or animal fat.

For feeding slaughter pigs, feed is usually used with a large proportion of barley and other types of grain used. The composition of the feed is adjusted to ensure the best possible quality of pork and bacon that the bacon has a firm consistency. Soft-consistency bacon usually gets worse than bacon Quality is considered and is therefore not very popular.

409848/0767

The bacon quality is usually determined by determining the iodine number of bacon determined by, poor quality soft bacon ones has a particularly high iodine number, "which means a high content of unsaturated Fatty acids, for example oleic acid and linoleic acid .

Bacon from slaughter pigs must have an iodine number between 60 and 65, preferably approx. 62, so that the quality of the pigs
can be considered satisfactory.

When trying to feed, efforts were made to give barley to others
Replace grains, seeds or animal fat. Feeding trials with maize, for example, showed poor quality bacon with a high iodine number of over 65 due to the high proportion of linoleic acid. Feeding soybean oil or soybeans also results in soft bacon of poor consistency.

Attempts have also been made to use animal fat as a component of Use pig feed. However, these attempts have also resulted in the formation of poor quality bacon with a large oleic acid content and a correspondingly high iodine number.

It has therefore so far not been possible to produce corn and corn with good results to use similar fats containing linoleic acid or animal fat as a component of pig feed.

In recent years there has been an increasing demand for food with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, for example linoleic acid, as it is assumed that unsaturated fatty acids Fatty acids counteract the formation of cholesterol. It would therefore be desirable to have pork fat or bacon with it could produce an increased level of linoleic acid without affecting the quality of the bacon.

The purpose of the present invention is to obtain bacon and pork fat with an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid, without the bacon becoming soft and poor in consistency.

409848/0767

This is achieved according to the invention in that ^ the pig feed except for the essential content of. vegetable fats containing linoleic acid and / or animal fat according to the invention additionally 0.5-6 percent by weight coconut fat depending on the proportion of linoleic acid Contains fats or animal fat.

The invention is based on. the surprising discovery that proportionally Small amounts of coconut fat counteract the increase in iodine number that would otherwise be the result of feeding one Pig feed with a high proportion of linoleic acid-containing fats or animal fat would be. It turned out through that the presence of coconut fat in pig feed the content of oleic acid in the bacon is decreased while the linoleic acid content in the bacon is not decreased, which is very desirable because Bacon with the greatest possible linoleic acid content without impairment the consistency is advantageous, but the oleic acid content must be kept low.

With the help of the pig feed according to the invention, a bacon achieved with increased linoleic acid content without reducing the iodine number is increased. This is due to the simultaneous reduction in oleic acid fat.

It has proven to be useful to use a pig feed in which, according to the invention, the linoleic acid-containing fats come from corn, corn oil, soybean and / or soybean oil.

To explain the invention in more detail below, with various Feeding experiments carried out in feed mixtures are mentioned will.

In one experiment, four test mixtures were used, with some pigs being fed with barley, another group of pigs with corn, and two further groups of pigs with corn, each with an addition of 2% and 4% coconut fat, as a control. The composition of the feed mixes is shown in Table 1 below. Ν.

09848/0767

Table 1. Composition of the test mixtures.

mixture I. II III IV barley 78.0 24.0 18.0 12.0 Corn - 50.0 50.0 50.0 Coconut oil - - 2.0 4.0 Söja meal 18.0 22.0 26.0 30.0 Bone meal 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Mineral mixture 2 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 Solivit 2000 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 All in all 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

The test mixtures were based on an equal ratio between Energy and protein matched. It was fed moderately, and the four mixed feed rations were weighed to match all The same amount of energy and protein was given four treatments per day.

Treatments II, III and IV were subjected to 12 pigs during the normal group consisted of only 10 pigs. A sample of back fat was taken from each pig after slaughter. The analysis samples the pigs in the same pen were pooled on a weight basis. From each group one received two analysis samples. The iodine number and the fatty acid composition of these samples were determined.

Test results .

Table 2 shows the results of this experiment.

409848/0767

Table 2. Increment and feed consumption.

Negotiation

II

III

IV

Number of pigs
discarded

10 0

12 O

12th
0

12 O

Weight at the beginning
of the attempt

Weight at the end of the experiment Number of days of feeding Daily gain (g) Kg feed per feeding day Kg feed per pig Kg feed / kg gain ratio

Energy expenditure per kg increase (kcal.)

Feed units (corrected convertible energy / kg gain

23-5

84.9

99

622

1.76 173

2.83 100.0

8431. 2.86

23.6 85.2 101 610

1.62 164

2.66 94.0

8658 3.01

23.9
85.0
97
627

1.53
149

2.44
86.2

8154
2.86

23.4 86.0 99 631

1.47 146

2.33 82.3

8118 2.86

Scandinavian fe / kg increment

2.92

2.86

2.67

2.67

Number of pigs in class A extra

Number of pigs in class A.

9 +)

9 3

+) a pig discarded

The table shows that the increase in the four treatments was approximate has been the same, and that the energy consumption (feed units per kg increase) is also practically the same was.

Fatty acid composition

Table 3 shows the percentage of the individual fatty acids

409848/0767

in the feed.

Table 3 «Percentage of fatty acids in the mixtures.

C. 8th C. 10 C. 12th C. 14th C. 16 ^C l6: l 01 C. 18th C. 18: ·] ^C 18t ₂ ^C 18: 3 total mixture _ _ - 0 .01 0 .49 0. 01 0 .06 0 .29 1.11 0.14 2.10 I. - - - 0 .01 0 .50 0. 01 0 .08 0 .55 1.60 0.12 2.86 ■ II O. 06 0 .06 ö .57 0 .23 0 .58 0. 02 " 0 .13 0 .70 1.69 3.10 ^ .11 III O. 24 0 .20 1 .82 0 .64 0 .79 0. 0 .19 0 .86 1.67 5.10 5.54 IV

The table shows that the linoleic acid content of the three maize / containing mixtures is increased by 50%, and that the use of maize instead of barley only affects the linoleic acid content. With regard to linoleic acid, there was an increase in the relative fatty acid content from 9 _} 7% to 14.5%, while the corresponding reduction was distributed among all other fatty acids. The decrease in the palmitoleic acid content appears to be relatively greater than that in the content of all other acids. When coconut oil was added, the linoleic acid content remained constant, but with a slight tendency to increase due to the increased proportion of coconut oil in the feed. The oleic acid content fell. The short-chain fatty acids, caprylic and capric acids are converted or oxidized, while the lauric acid despite the very high lauric acid content of the two mixtures is deposited only in small amounts.

Table 4 shows the relative fatty acid content of the back fat.

Table 4. Relative ^C 14 Fatty acid composition in back fat. - ^C 16 ^C l6: l ^C 18 ^C 18: l ^C 18-2
XO · C- ^C 18: 3 - 1.7 o.i ■ 26.8 3.3 14.1 42.1 9.8 2.3 mixture ^C 12 1.5 ^C l4: l 10.1 25.6 2.8 13.4 40.2 14.5 2.2 Barley i 0.1 3.2 t 26.3 3.3 ■ 11.4 37.5 15.6 2.0 Corn II 0.1 6.0 25.5 3.5 11.0 34.9 15.4 1.7 + 2P / O coconut
bold III 0.9 + 4% coconut
bold IV 2.1

409848/0767

-: ~ ■ 2A20989

Analyzes were also carried out on the analysis samples from the back fat carried out to determine the iodine number. In the corn-fed ones In groups of pigs, the increase in linoleic acid content leads to an increased iodine number, while the decrease in the O1 acid content has the opposite effect when feeding coconut oil. The same applies to the increase in the salary Lauric acid and myristic acid.

Table 5 shows the back fat iodine number for the 4 groups. Table 5. Back fat iodine number for the four experimental groups

I. .7 II .1 III IV mixture 61 67 66.4 ' 62.3 Iodine number

As can be seen, the addition of h% coconut fat largely counteracts the increase in iodine number, which is caused by a corn content of 50% in a feed mixture. The determined iodine number thus agrees with the fatty acid composition.

In the experiments below, feed mixtures containing barley with an addition of animal fat were used.

4 mixtures were used, namely a barley mixture with a 20% addition of a protein mixture, a mixture with a 2.5% addition of animal fat, a mixture with a 5% addition of animal fat, and a mixture with an addition of 3% animal fat + 2% coconut fat. The table shows how animal fat and coconut fat can be combined in a pig feed mixture, for example.

Table 6. Composition of the mixtures.

409 8-4-8 / 076

mixture I. II - * -
III. - IV " barley 78.0 72.5 21.0 66.0 25.0 66.0 Animal fat - 2.5 2.0 5.0 2.0 3.0 Coconut oil - 1.8 1.8 2.0 Soybean meal 18.0 0.2 0.2 25.0 Bone meal 2.0 100.0 100.0 2.0 Mineral mixture 2 1.8 105.8 111.6 1.8 Solivit 2000 0.2 149 150 0.2 All in all 100.0 100.0 Fut t ere inlie it en 100.3 112.6 Digestible rice
Protein / feed]
units in g ies
1-
149 149

409848/0767

Claims (2)

Claims; 1. Pig feed with a substantial content of vegetable, linoleic acid-containing fats and / or animal fat, characterized in that it is an additional 0.5-6 percent by weight Contains coconut oil depending on the proportion of linoleic acid-containing fats or animal fat. 2. Pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that that the linoleic acid-containing fats come from corn, corn oil, soybeans and / or soybean oil. 409848/0767