DE2229370A1 - Piston pumps, especially measuring pumps for substances with low, medium or high viscosity, including thixotropic substances - Google Patents

Description

Patifif inwalt

Dipl .- 'riq.

O-002.1 Munich - PuHnch
v »jeiitistr. 2, 1. McIw, 7 J "J 05 70 ,;> ό i? S;

DBR / sta - 804-4 Munich-Pullach, June 15, 1972

Laurence Richard Penn, 19, Highcroft, Husbands Bosworth, at Rugby, Warwickshire, England

"Piston pumps, especially measuring pumps for substances with low, medium or high viscosity, including thixotropic substances ¹¹

The invention relates to a piston pump and, in particular, to a piston pump which is suitable for low, medium-sized substances or high viscosity, including thixotropic materials, to be pumped and / or metered.

So far, problems have often arisen when using piston pumps for pumping substances, especially viscous substances such as resins and pastes in general, due to the incomplete Filling the substances into the piston cylinder before they are ejected this cylinder through the piston. In order to avoid such problems, such piston pumps have heretofore been pronounced operated slowly or loaded with substances under pressure.

Such pumps generally have a pressure supply line and a check valve communicating with a cylinder of the pump.

The invention is based on the object of creating a piston pump by means of which the pumps known when using (especially pumps that are used to measure certain amounts of substance,) solved the problems that arise or at least

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avoided, and likewise avoiding the need for pressure feed devices while at the same time a complete filling of flowable material is to be achieved in the piston cylinder. So through the invention provides a pump that in operation substantially uniformly measured amounts of substance (including extremely highly viscous substances) delivers in a reliable manner.

According to one aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a stock dispensing pump having a piston cylinder and a Inlet released into the cylinder for the material to be distributed, with the inlet and outlet at a distance in the axial direction of the cylinder are arranged from each other, in which a piston is provided with a piston head axially in the Piston cylinder movable between a first position in the area of the outlet and a second position in the area of the inlet wherein at least a portion of the inlet is located between the first and second layers.

The piston head is preferably over a substantial part of it Movement between the first and second layers in intimate sliding contact with the interior surface of the piston cylinder designed to be displaceable back and forth.

Advantageously, a section of the piston cylinder has a tubular part of circular internal cross-section and a tubular, cylindrical sleeve, the outer surface of the sleeve part in intimate contact with the inner surface of the tubular part is and is firmly connected to this. An end portion of the inner surface of the sleeve may be beveled be trained.

Conveniently, the inlet may be an opening in the Have wall of the tubular part, one end of the sleeve in the region of a part of the peripheral wall of the opening is arranged, and preferably the other end of the sleeve

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sentelles is open and has the outlet.

In an advantageous further development, the outlet has a Check valve open.

In detail, the invention can be designed such that the piston head has a flexible 'circumferential wall section, which in a radially inwardly contracted state during contact with the inner surface of the sleeve part, which, however, remains in a normal, untensioned state is when the piston head is in the second position, the peripheral wall portion as a check valve during operation the pump is used.

Palis required, the pump can be designed to be double-acting be.

In another aspect of the invention is an apparatus created which contains at least two such pumps.

In such a device, the delivery rate of the pumps be identical or different. The delivery rate can depend, for example, on the capacity and / or the stroke.

In a special embodiment of this device can the pumps be designed such that their pistons are coupled to one or more pivotably mounted levers, the be tilted by a common power drive, the local arrangement of the connection of the pump piston with respect to de3 pivot point of the lever or the lever the. stroke length and consequently determines the delivery rate of the pumps.

Daduroh is a device created that has at least two contains such pumps, each of which such a pump 'one 7..Ο.1 benzyl Indian, an inlet in the cylinder for the to ^ vlrtei-J end material and an outlet in dom cylinder for dar? Material·

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BATH ORIGINAL

has, wherein the inlet and the outlet are arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder at a distance from each other, a one Piston head having piston in the axial direction of the cylinder between a first position in the area of the outlet and a second layer is movable in the region of the inlet, at least a portion of the inlet between the first and the second Position is arranged, each piston head has a piston rod, a pivotable lever that pivots about its pivot point can be provided, and wherein all piston rods are coupled to the lever at spaced points are.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments illustrated by way of example in the drawings. It shows:

1 shows a central longitudinal section through a pump according to the invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are sketchy views of a device at the two or more pumps of Figure 1 are used; and

Fig. 4 is a sketchy view of a double-acting pump in the construction according to the invention.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the Pump up a body 1, which is formed from a mild steel tube with a continuous uniform internal cross-section. Of the Body has an inlet opening 2 in a side wall. A collar 3 is arranged surrounding the body 1 and has an internally screw-threaded, upright, radially arranged, hollow and circular flange 4, which is aligned with the opening 2 for the connection of a conduit or a container (as shown in dashed lines illustrated), which contains the material that enters the interior of the body 1 through the opening 2 in

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should be drawn in to the body.

A tubular or cylindrical sleeve 5, which in section inside and is circular on the outside, lies inside the body 1 and forms a portion of a piston cylinder 6.

The inner surface of the sleeve 5 can be marked with P.T.P.E. (Polytetrafluoroethylene) be covered. The outer surface of the sleeve 5 is in ' intimate contact with part of the inner surface of the body 1 and is arranged axially shifted to one side of the opening 2.-. The sleeve 5 is fixed to the body 1 by means of grub screws 7 connected through radially arranged, screw-threaded bores in the wall of the body 1 extend and engage in recesses in the sleeve, and it. is at least one ") '" ring 8 between the body 1 and the Sleeve 5 arranged in an all-round fixing groove 9 in the sleeve 5 for sealing purposes (expediently from a Rubber or plastic material such as P.T.P.E.). The inner surface of an Endäbschnittes 10 of the sleeve, which the opening 2 is closest, is chamfered to a To form guide surface for the piston head 11. The one from the opening 2 remote end portion of the sleeve 5 has an inwardly directed, thick annular flange 12, which a Forms outlet 13, this puddle 12 having an internal thread at 14 to enable connection to an outlet pipe, which is coupled to a check valve (not shown). Of course, the check valve can also be used directly connected to the threaded outlet 13 and the tube omitted. .

At the end of the body 1 opposite the outlet 13 a generally designated 15, cylindrical bearing for a Piston rod. Arranged, this bearing in the tube by means of a Grub screw 17 is attached, and an O-ring 18 between the body 1 and the bearing 15 is arranged. The bearing has a sleeve 19 which is provided with an axial bore and which for receiving sealing rings and fixing elements 20, 21 · ■

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is formed stepped, with a ring 22 the elements in the exact position, a piston rod 23 of circular cross-section surrounding, which is axially slidably movable with respect to the body 1. A lubricant line 16 is for periodic Lubrication of the bearing provided.

One end portion of the piston rod 23 is externally threaded with one provided neck extension 24 on which the piston head 11 is mounted.

The piston head 11 consists of a slightly resilient ring 25 with a diverging peripheral flange 26, which in the normal state (i.e. in the undeformed position) extends from the ring towards the outlet, the ring is clamped between bearing washers 27, 28 and held between them by a nut 29 which is attached to the neck 24 of the piston rod 23 is screwed on. The flanged ring 25 forms a device by means of which the piston seals against the inner wall of the sleeve 5.

The end of the piston rod that is remote from the head 11 is likewise provided with a in the illustrated embodiment a screw threaded portion 30 is provided to enable the piston rod to slide to and fro Rod or a rocker arm can be coupled, which depends on movements of a drive device "(not shown). Such an arrangement may take any convenient form such as a piston-cylinder device or any suitable motor or prime mover.

The piston rod bearing 15 is dimensioned such that the piston head 11 is in a retracted position, as illustrated in FIG is, exposing the inlet opening 2 and is remote from the sleeve 5 and the outlet 13.

While the piston pump can simply be used to pump material

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to pump fe, the main purpose of the pump is to be very precise " to pump certain amounts of substance.

The pump can therefore be used either alone or in combination with several such pumps to achieve a relative Make proportioning of fabrics. Palls the pump to be used for pumping measured quantities of substances, the dimensions of the piston cylinder and / or the The length of the piston stroke is selected accordingly.

A working cycle of the piston pump is described below, it being assumed that the piston head in a first or front layer is in engagement with the pad 12, d. H. in one of the portrayals of Pig. 1 opposite position.

The piston head 11 is first made along the cylinder sleeve 5 withdrawn from this first layer in the area of the outlet 13, and between the chamfered section 10 and into a second or withdrawn position away from the outlet 13 and behind the inlet opening 2 is where the piston head lies in the area of the bearing 15.

Since there is a check valve in the outlet, a partial vacuum is generated in the cylinder 6 because the piston head is in the Sleeve part moved with its splash in contact with the inner surface of the same and thereby substantially prevented that on Inlet material between the sleeve 5 and the piston head 11 flows in. During the movement of the piston head 11 over the chamfered section 10 and over the opening 2 in the direction of the second layer, the material located at the entrance into the cylinder 6 under the action of the prevailing therein Partial vacuum is drawn in, the surface 26 of the piston head no longer being in contact with the inner surface of the body 1. When the piston head 11 reaches the second position, the movement is direction of the piston head 11 reversed, and a compression stroke begins. The movement of the piston head 11 from the retracted position in the region of the La-.

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gers 15 to the outlet 13 past the opening 2, the movement a full and complete filling of the cylinder and thus the expulsion of a precisely defined amount of substance guaranteed.

During the retraction of the piston head 11, is not fully \ constantly preventing the material passes by the piston head, while the partial vacuum is generated. The occurrence of an i

however, such material does not result in a substantial loss of vacuum. The fact is that Applicable methods ■ dung of a slightly resilient ring 25 supports the retraction of the j material into the cylinder and thereby the ^henceforth: improved filling of the cylinder.

With the help of such a piston head ring 25 is a very good seal between the ring 25 and the sleeve 5 during of the compression stroke created (due to the enlargement of the Surface area of the ring because of that in the cylinder pressure on it), while with the movement of the piston head in the opposite direction the presence a partial vacuum in the cylinder shows the tendency to slightly compressing the resilient ring to allow material to enter the cylinder. It actually can it can be said that such an arrangement of the resilient ring forms a type of check valve.

It is obvious that a rigid embodiment can be used if necessary a piston head can be used, such head, if desired, a pressure differential valve which can be of any convenient type desired, such as tapered, spherical or spherical Flap valve, which allows at least some loading of the cylinder is assisted during the return of the piston along the cylinder after the completion of the compression stroke.

The volume in the body 1 in the area of the opening 2 forms a storage container, which due to the fact that Ma-

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material is drawn into the body, filled or partially filled. Furthermore, the basket head 11 takes, while he from the second, withdrawn position via the opening 2 moved in the direction of the sleeve 5 and crossed this area filled with material, sufficient additional amounts of material with it to ensure that the sleeve is completely filled (the sleeve is essentially or possibly completely filled, as the material entering the sleeve " the partial vacuum is relieved, and thus ensures that the cylinder 6 is filled regularly and quickly.

Thus, when the piston head 11 enters the sleeve 5, comes the puddle 26 of the piston head 11 with the inner wall dersel-j ben in engagement and serves as a check valve, which one! Material flow from the interior of the sleeve 5 into the area behind the ι Piston head prevented, and thus the compression stroke j begins

of the pump and the measured volume of material in the sleeve is ejected through the outlet.

The check valve of the outlet can be of the type which is automatic during a specified part of the compression stroke of the pump opens, but preferably and in this special Ausf uhrungsform the valve works due to a pressure differential principle. The valve is; naturally closed during the return movement of the piston head 11.

It is obvious that the single pump described above; can be mounted in any convenient way, for example-j as illustrated in FIG. 1, in which clamping collars 31 welded to a base 32 j are used.

In the same way, substance distribution devices can under Using either one or more such pumps can be formed.

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The Pig. Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the use of two and | multiple pumps.

In Pig. 2 are sketchy two pumps 40 and 41 with inlets 42, 43 and outlets 44, 45, piston heads 46, 47 being coupled to one another by means of a common piston rod 48 are, which is axially movable as a function of movements of a piston head 49, which in turn is dependent from the alternative filling or expulsion of; Pressurized fluid into a cylinder 50 through openings 50, 51 is movable. It will be apparent that, although the pumps may be of identical volumes, that illustrated Example of a pump with a smaller volume than the other is illustrated.

Fig. 3 shows three identical pumps 60, 61 and 62, each one Have inlet 63 and an outlet 64 and each have a piston head 65 included.

The piston rods 66, 67 and 68 of the three pumps are each articulated at spaced-apart locations on a tiltable one Lever 69 coupled, which is articulated at one end to a fixed point 70. The opposite end of the lever 69 is with a crank moved by the motor 72.

While all pumps have identical volumes, the delivery rate of the pump 60 is greater than that of the pump 61, the delivery rate of the pump 61 is greater than that of the pump 62, because the _lifting: length of the pumps by the position of the articulated connection I of its piston rod with respect to of pivot point 70 is determined. ^;

In practice this arrangement enables the use of a! small group of standardized pumps that supply apparatus in a measuring or encryption \ can be used for distributing a size range of different volumes, whereby the device is extremely flexible to the extent that easy as the pumping conditions and can be changed precisely by the fact that

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• - 11 -

the location of the connections between the piston rods on the lever is changed. The spring volumes can be changed while maintaining the relative proportions by simply changing the position of the pivot point of the lever will.

It is obvious that the pump can be also formed double acting j. "Such a pump is j sketched in Pig. 4 zenhaft illustrated and includes a cylinder 80 having capacity utilization \ sen 81, 82 at opposite ends and an intermediate arranged inlet 83 on, wherein a piston head 84 is provided, and the arrangement is such that during operation of the pump, while material is compressed from one end of the cylinder 80 by means of: the head 84 or ejected from this, the ■ material into the other end of the cylinder for subsequent compression therein and subsequent ejection therefrom, whereupon the material is then drawn into the first end of the piston cylinder. Its piston and cylinder device 85 is shown in Pig. wears illustrated.

The pumps of the invention and devices including one or more such pumps can be used to distribute a large number of different materials, for example materials that have a viscosity range from between one and a million c.p.s. exhibit.

Such pumps are in particular in the industry for distribution _(len of liquids and quasi-solid materials (for example, patent j th) suitable, such as epoxy resins, polyurethanes, j polysulfides, silicones, and polyesters, and also for other types of materials such as Mastikmaterialien, sealants, Adhesives, greases and other lubricants, inks! And plastisols.

Furthermore, the pumps can be used in conjunction with additional equipment genes, material storage containers, material temperature control devices

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and, if a plurality of pumps are used, be used with mixing devices.

The pumps and devices that include one or more such pumps continue to be of many economical nature Advantages because they are simple, effective and reliable in the way of working and thus the working costs for skilled workers reduce and speed up production by eliminating operator errors while at the same time Waste of material and risks associated with handling the material, such as health risks, are avoided will.

All of those mentioned in the description and in the drawings illustrated technical details are relevant to the invention significant.

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Claims (6)

Claims before .) Piston pumps, especially measuring pumps, for substances of low, medium or high viscosities, including thixotropic ones Substances characterized by the following components: a piston cylinder (1, 5, 6), an inlet (2, 42, 43, 63, 83) in the cylinder (1, 5, 6, 8O) for material to be distributed, an outlet (13, 44, 45, 64, 83, 82) in the cylinder (1, 5, 6) for the material, the inlet (2, 42, 43, 63, 83) and the outlet (13 »44, 45, 64, 81, 82) at a distance from each other arranged in the axial direction of the cylinder (1, 5, 6, 8O), a piston (11, 23, 29) with a piston head (11, 46, 47, 65, 84), in the piston cylinder (1, 5, 6, 80) between a first position in the area of the outlet (13 » 44, "" '45, 64, 81, 82) and a second position in the area of the inlet (2, 42, 43, 63, 83) axially movable, and where at least a portion of the inlet (2, 42, 43, 63, 83) is disposed between the first and second layers. 2. Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston cylinder (1, 5, 6) has a tubular body (1) in which the outlet (13, 44, 45, 64) at one end and the inlet (13, 44, 45, 64) in one of its side walls is formed in the region of an opposite end of the tubular body (1), and wherein a cylindrical Sleeve (5) is fixed in the body (1) in close contact with an inner surface of the body (1). 3. Pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner surface an end section (10) of the sleeve (5) is chamfered, and that the section (1O) in the region of the inlet (2, 42, 43, 63, 83). 4. Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump is double-acting and has a piston cylinder (BO), at least one inlet (83) in the cylinder (80) for materials to be distributed, a pair of outlets (81, 209852/0826 82) in the cylinder (80) and a piston (84) with at least one axially in the piston cylinder (80) between a first Position in the area of one outlet (81 or 82) and a second position in the area of the other outlet (82 or 81) movable piston head (84), the outlets (81, 82) in the axial direction of the cylinder (80) at a distance from one another and the inlet (83) are arranged between the outlets (8t, 82). 5. Device characterized by a number of pumps according to one or more of claims 1 to 4. 6. Device, characterized by at least two pumps (60, 61, 62) according to claim 1, wherein each such pump (61, 62) has a piston cylinder (1, 5, 6), an inlet (63) in the cylinder (1, 5, 6) for material to be distributed, an outlet (64) in the cylinder (1, 5, 6) for the material and a piston with one axially in the piston cylinder (1, 5, 6) between a first position in the region of the outlet (64) and a second position in the region of the inlet (63) has movable piston head (65), the inlet (63) and the outlet (64) are arranged at a distance from each other in the axial direction of the cylinder (1, 5, 6), each Piston head (65) has a piston rod (66, 67, 68), and that a pivotable lever (69) which about its pivot point (70) is pivotable, is provided, and each of the piston rods (66, 67, 68) on the lever (69) at points is coupled, which are located at a distance from one another. 209852/0826 AS . Blank page