DE2208206B2 - Alkaline accumulator with an electrode block housed in a plastic box - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to chemical power sources, in particular to the construction of an alkaline one Accumulator with electrodes that swell during operation in a plastic box.

An alkaline storage battery with electrodes that swell during operation was previously housed in a metal box (Steel box), which not only withstands the swelling of the electrodes without to be destroyed, but also a desired internal pressure between the electrodes in order to increase their operability.

They are alkaline batteries that can also be used for lighting at normal temperature known, the plastic monoblocks in thick-walled, additional stiffening sprues are housed. In these batteries the accumulators have a small number of thick, positive pressure electrodes which swell during operation and which are initially freely arranged in the accumulator box are, and relatively thick separators made of PVC fabric, which are capable of swelling to compensate to some extent. As a result, the capacity of such batteries is limited and about 10 Ah the same.

A disadvantage of the accumulators with electrodes that swell during operation

the use of a robust metal box, which must have an alkali and corrosion-resistant coating,
the use of various devices that separate the accumulators in the battery and isolate the battery as a whole from the object in which it is housed,
Limited use of a plastic box, which is only possible in the case of a smaller number of electrodes that swell during operation and are initially freely arranged in the box, as well as the use of a thick-walled, robust box.

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages.

For this purpose, it is the basis of the invention, an alkaline accumulator with swelling during operation and to create electrodes housed in a plastic box in which the electrode block of a solid jacket is included.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that in the alkaline battery with the Operation of intumescent electrodes that are grouped into a block and placed in a box are, the mentioned electrode block according to the invention comprises a mechanically strong jacket, the latter in a plastic box with a margin in the direction of the thickness of the battery

ao mulatorblocks is arranged and the deformation of the plastic box when the electrodes swell prevented.

The alkaline battery equipped with such a jacket ensures a required

he internal pressure between the electrodes and has none Deformation of the box. The jacket can be made of a metallic or non-metallic material, can be made in one piece or from individual parts, e.g. B. in the form of two plates that form the electrode package compress in width by means of single solid frames. To the supply of the electrolyte to the electrodes and the gas excretion on the jacket walls resting on the electrode ribs improve, the jacket can be made with vertical slits.

The alkaline accumulator constructed according to the invention with electrodes that swell during operation in a plastic box makes it possible in comparison to the known constructions of alkaline batteries with press-coated electrodes in a metal box, to increase the specific capacity for a given volume and the manufacturing technology to simplify the manufacture of the box without using additional devices that the

Separate 45 'accumulators in the battery and isolate the battery itself from the object, thereby allowing the dimensions of the batteries to reduce the space provided and the weight of the object.

In the following, the invention is illustrated by means of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings explained in more detail. It shows

F i g. 1 an alkaline accumulator with electrodes that swell during operation in a plastic box,

F i g. 2 shows a sketch of the electrode arrangement in a known battery, consisting of two alkaline accumulators with electrodes that swell during operation and are housed in a steel box,

F i g. 3 is a diagram of the rational arrangement of the electrodes in the proposed battery, consisting of two alkaline accumulators designed according to the invention with swelling during operation and electrodes enclosed in a jacket,

F i g. 4, 5 and 6 variants of the shell structures for the accumulator according to the invention.

The alkaline accumulator (Fig. 1) consists of positive ones Electrodes 1 with a separator 2 and negative

tive electrodes 3, which are joined together in a block, the block in a robust Shell 4 is housed free of play. Usually the positive electrode 1 is from the separator all over Surround surface so that on its periphery a free space between the electrode 1 and the Separator 2 remains around the separator when the positive electrode 1 swells during operation to protect. The positive electrode 1 is usually made narrower than the negative electrode 3. The jacket 4 and the block consisting of the electrodes 1 and 3 are placed in a plastic box 5 under tension in the direction of the width of electrodes 1 and 3 and with a margin in direction the thickness of the battery pack arranged, the jacket between the required internal pressure the electrodes 1 and 3 ensured and the deformation of the plastic box S prevented.

The tight fit of the jacket 4 with the block of electrodes 1 and 3 in the plastic box 5 in the direction the width of the electrodes 1 and 3 and the tight fit of the electrodes 1 and 3 in the jacket 4 itself in the direction of the thickness of the package allow the proposed alkaline accumulator at significant Use vibration, shock and linear overloads in different levels.

In that the jacket 4 absorbs the forces that arise when the positive electrodes 1 swell and generates the necessary internal pressure between the electrodes 1 and 3, it protects the relatively thin-walled plastic box 5 in front of VeT-formations and thus enables the use of the proposed accumulator in a temperature range of + 50 to -50 ° C with multiple large Temperature jumps within these limits.

The jacket 4 is housed within the proposed accumulator and therefore does not require any alkali-resistant protective coating to get an attractive appearance, like the metal box of the known batteries is the case. In addition, the jacket 4 is not exposed to corrosion, because it is in an alkaline medium (electrolyte).

The arrangement diagram of the positive electrodes 6 and the negative electrodes 7 housed in a steel case 8 of a conventional battery (Fig. 2) consisting of two accumulators shows the enlargement of the original dimension A due to the swelling of the positive electrodes 6 during operation up to dimension A ₁ in compliance with dimension B.

In Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the positive electrodes 1 and the negative electrodes 3, which are housed in the jacket 4, the latter in the plastic case 5 of the battery, consisting

ao of two proposed accumulators, the dimensions A and B of which are the same, is arranged, although the original dimensions A _{1 of} the battery were different before the start of operation.
The expediency of the arrangement of the electrical

As the 1 and 3 in the one of two proposed accumulators existing battery (Fig. 3) is evident when you compare it with the scheme in Fig. 2 compares, since the unused volume 9 in the battery consisting of two conventional batteries is much larger.

This makes it possible, with the same dimensions and with the same electrode design, i.e. with press electrodes, the volume and consequently the specific characteristics of the alkaline accumulator with the Electrodes 1 and 3 in a jacket 4 with a plastic box to improve what from the following Table can be seen.

Table of electrical characteristics of the known and proposed accumulator

with press electrodes

Accumulator construction

capacity
(Ah)

Dimensions
(kg)

Volume (D specific capacity
(Ah / kg) I (Ah / 1)

Specific energy
(Wh / kg)

Conventional with metal box

Proposed with
Plastic box ...

0.75
0.75

0.35 0.35 26.6
32.0

57.2
68.0

32.2
38.8

69.3
83.4

The jacket 4 can be made of various materials, namely a metallic or a non-metallic Material are produced, but must be alkali resistance and mechanical strength in the Temperature range in which the proposed accumulator is used, have.

In terms of construction, the jacket 4 can be a one-piece jacket 10 (FIG. 4) or as an assembled jacket 11 (Fig. 5), consisting of two plates that compress the electrode package and individual the Electrode block against swelling protective frame.

In order to improve the supply of the electrolyte to the electrodes as well as the gas elimination, is the jacket 12 (FIG. 6) is designed with slots 13 on the jacket walls resting against the electrode ribs.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Alkaline accumulator with an electrode block housed in a plastic box with positive electrodes in a separator that swell during operation and with negative electrodes Electrodes, characterized in that the electrode block in one solid jacket (4) of rectangular shape is inserted without play in the direction of the thickness of the electrodes, which in the direction of the width of the electrodes (1,3) under tension and in the direction of Thickness of the electrodes is housed in the plastic box with a margin and this in front Protects deformations when the electrode block swells. 2. Alkaline accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the jacket is composed is made of panels (11; Fig. 5) and these compressive frames. 3. Alkaline accumulator according to claim 1, characterized by a one-piece jacket with slots (13) in the walls, which are opposite the narrow sides of the electrodes (1,3).