DE2106572A1 - Free standing heat exchanger - with spiral tube groups smaller at the top in a pyramidal shell - Google Patents

Abstract

The heating media enters the shell in the bottom and is discharged at the top. The tube groups are connected to an outside vertical header. Each group inlet and outlet is provided with a valve. A complete group or groups can be bypassed and the heat transfer area can thus be altered to suit the process conditions. The tube groups are designed with two spirals, at the top spiralling from outside inwards and at the bottom from inside outwards. The distance between spirals is maintained the same for all groups. The tubes are not rigid and are left to expand due to temp. changes.

Description

Dr. WAGNER

Vertical heat exchanger with spiral tube ring groups, which get smaller from bottom to top and are housed in a cone-shaped housing.

Applicant and inventor: Economic consultant Dr Johannes WA3NER,

23 Kiel, Beseler Allee 11.

All known heat exchangers have tube sheets on one or two sides, in which the tube heating surfaces are combined, entirely no matter whether they are straight, curved or with the same resp. different turns are arranged vertically or obliquely. Through this is the effect of the respective heating system on a fixed

Performance - including simultaneous use "of pent-up M

Condensate in steam mode - limited. Let this heat exchanger disadvantageously, an adjustment of the service to changed requirements of the company is not allowed. A defect in this should be ait diesel Invention are encountered.

As is well known, the operating conditions often require ..lower ones Heat outputs alo those that correspond to the fixed output of the heat exchanger. That is why there are usually several heat exchangers Sound of different performance built into a performance group. There is no heat exchanger with a variable heating surface, i.e. one that is adapted to the required output. With the invention this requirement made in practice was met.

That is why in this invention the heating surfaces were applied

bordering tube sheet dispensed with and one from the inlet to the Outlet nozzle continuous tubular heating surface created in such a way that • ie according to the required performance by individually lockable pipe ring groups is variable. Other features of the invention lie in their construction and arrangement. Everyone so far Known heat exchangers are liable to the defect that despite Ge ^ en- or. Cross-flow zones "fishing movement, absorbed, dead zones are present. Once you only have to calculate it and has tried to remedy this incorrectly by installing special baffles, which however the resistance in the Gerrit increased the dead zones and only divided them up but not eliminated them, so there is a need for a heat exchange that does not have these disadvantages. This demand falls short realize according to the invention in that tube ring groups,

Dr. WAGNER "...", 23 KIEL

from two Τ 11 η arranged in a spiral at different heights are.

Ee are the spiral-shaped drill ring groups, in themselves τοη outwards leading in and out again, the zones of lack of movement do not allow, because the delivering resp. receiving mediua at different heights of the conical housing on long paths ▼ on inside out and vice versa in the opposite resp. Cross flow to the receiving resp. discharging medium is performed.

In the invention, hohrring groups are in different sizes, adapted to the conical shape of the container, arranged one above the other. Adverse effects of the previous cylindrical shape of the Container of the known heat exchangers on the water speed at the exit is therefore also countered with the invention

The heat exchanger of the invention not only has no raised floor with the deficiencies described, but also no disadvantageous brackets or baffles. According to the invention it is achieved that additional movements counteract the so-called dead zones. The heat exchanger floats freely in the heat-absorbing resp. donate Medium, it gets into vibrations, the Mediua into differentiating movements and complete · heat transfer brings.

With the division of the ring groups into two, the distances between the heating surfaces created that are in inverse proportion to the size of the heating surfaces. This is in contrast to the previous Sohr systems achieve a uniform flow velocity

According to the drawing, the heat exchanger (1) consists of a plurality ▼ on spiral tube ring groups (2) running from bottom to top getting smaller, from τοη outside to inside and again from inside to outside drilling rings with upper (3) respectively. lower Divide (* »·) consist.

The groups (2) have a distance (5) from one another, as do parts (3) and (h) outside, while parts (3) and (^) towards the center correspond to the smaller pipe rings, the smaller ones Distance (6).

209835/0377

- ³ "Dr-WAGNER

Me pipe ring groups. (2) form from the entry supports (7) to the Outlet nozzle (8) a continuous heating element.

To suit the operating conditions, reduce the size of the heating element or to be able to enlarge, and individual connections (9) with shut-offs (lo) are provided, which are brought together in a distributor (ll) are. The heat exchanger (1) is built into a conical housing (12) with the inlet and outlet connections (13) and (1 * 0.

The drawing shows that each tube ring group (2) in the upper Part through the conical container (12) leading connection

(9) with individual shut-off (lo) in connection with a distributor pipe

(11) has. Without modification of the heat exchanger (1), the H "IZ M can that a · or more Bohrringgruppen (2) are turned off from the outside of the heat output surface are adjusted by the required performance, ·

The spiral arrangement of several itohrringgruppen, of decreasing at the bottom towards the top, one above the other has the advantage that no other system has the advantage that, for example, it absorbs the heat. Medium, gradually heated, each ring group quickly and completely leaves. This causes a flow velocity with complete heat transfer from bottom to top, because there is also none Surface parts of the pipe ring groups (2) allow the formation of zones of lack of movement (dead zones).

In this perfection, straight, uniform or fj stepped wound, straight or inclined, in tube sheets combined heating pipes do not achieve the same flow rate. Since with the invention any so-called dead zone is switched off, is a previously unachieved economic liability factor given.

The tube ring groups (2) capture the entire medium at each point and not, as in other unfavorable constructions, with the length from the bottom up, but with the diameter, which releases the heated medium quickly and completely.

To get rid of the long one-sided flow velocity the tube ring groups (2) are wound in a ring shape and arranged in a spiral

209835/0377

Dr. WAGNER

It can be seen from the drawing that each of the tube ring groups (2) arranged one above the other in different sizes consist of an upper part (φ) and a lower part (k) . While the tubes of the upper part lead in a spiral shape from the outside to the inside, the reverse ring guide below is in a spiral shape. The distances (5) and (6) between parts (3) and (k) are smaller (6) in the heating surfaces that are becoming smaller inwards and, conversely, larger (5) pens (5) for the larger heating surfaces on the outside also the tube ring groups (2) from each other.

As a result, on the one hand, approximately two uniform flow velocities are achieved over the entire cross section, which is not the case with any of the previously known constructions of vertical heat exchangers. On the other hand, the heat-absorbing or emitting medium in the conical container (12; not in the immediate area of the heat exchanger (1)) is affected by the flow velocity; between the distances (j?) And (6) of the spiral-shaped parts (3) and (k) des', Väraeaustauschers (1) and the distances (5) of the tube ring groups are almost carried along. The flow rate covering the entire contents of the container (11) is a prerequisite for the undisturbed and thus complete heat transfer.

Another advantage is due to the conical shape of the container (12) given adapted sizes of the tube ring groups. Below is the largest group of tubular rings, the £ step-shaped upwards tube ring groups getting smaller, each with the lower one running through from connection (7) to connection (8) Y / heat exchanger (l) connected, superordinate.

The stone flow velocity achieved with the invention accordingly, the. «earring groups (<.) are therefore from below smaller towards the top.

The temperature difference between the heat emitting respectively. -absorbing medium requires n? .c: i above towards smaller heating elements, which is not a requirement of any previous one Construction of heat exchangers was achieved so succinctly, m.a.W. a perfect gradation.

209835/0377

2 J 06572

WAGNER 23 KIEL BESELERALLEE II

As already stated and can be seen from the drawing, the previously known ones are disadvantageous for the effect of the heating pipes Tube sheets have been omitted. It is also recognizable that besides the Connections (7), (8) and (9) no brackets are attached. The heat exchanger should be free in the heat-absorbing BEZW. -delivery Floating medium. Inevitably, the heat exchanger will vibrate during operation. Both the heat-absorbing and -releasing medium get into differentiating movements. Compared to all previous rigid systems, any one for the Heat transfer eliminated harmful rest. Be at the same time in the event of condensate accumulation avoiding the noisy impacts, because there is no longer a stationary surface.

The heat exchanger (1) has a conical housing (12). The increase in flow velocity, which is not possible with the known cylindrical designs because of the same cross section existing at every height, is achieved by the conical shape with the tapering in the direction of the flow. From the inlet nozzle (13) to the outlet nozzle (1 * 0 for the heat-absorbing or emitting medium, the speed increases in such a way that it reaches the maximum ^{at (I 1 O.}

Heat exchanger (1) and conical housing (12) therefore form a unit in the context of the invention. -

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f d. U. I? /

Dr. WAGNER

23 KIEL BESELERALLEEΠ

209815/0377

Claims (7)

• · Patent claims 1.) / Vertical heat exchanger with one above the other spiral-shaped tube ring groups that get smaller from bottom to top. 2.) Sfärmeaustauscher according to claim 1) characterized in that that the housing is kept in a cone shape. 3 ·) heat exchanger according to the preceding claims thereby marked, <iaß each group of pipe rings can be shut off individually from the outside, i.e. the heating surface can be varied. * f.) Heat exchanger according to claim 1} characterized in that that the individual spiral tube ring groups in the upper part tone outwards inwards and in the lower part from the inside outwards outside, forming different distances, as rings are wound. 5) heat exchanger according to one of the claims characterized in that it free-floating in the holderless Cone housing is arranged. 6.) Heat exchanger according to the Torhergoing claims, characterized in that the distances between the tube ring groups in itself and are determined from each other by the size of the heating surface. 7.) Heat exchanger according to claim 1) characterized in that all tube ring groups between the inlet and outlet nozzle one continuous but can be shortened hottest stretch form. \ Λ VI ■ * y. ,, 'Dr. WAGNER 209835/0377 *