DE202010012697U1 - Box-type two-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Box-type two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase (10), a crankshaft (1) with pins (32) arranged in the crankcase (10) on which connecting rods (3) are mounted via connecting rod bearings (4), a plurality of seals (24) the crankshaft (1) for preventing leakage of oil into the crankcase (10), at least two offset cylinders (9) arranged opposite, in the cylinder head (19) diaphragm valves (8) are arranged, wherein in the cylinders (9) piston ( 5) with pressure valves (7) are arranged, at least one in the crankcase (10) arranged exhaust valve (12), characterized in that the crankcase (10) at least one spark plug (11) is arranged and the internal combustion engine has a pressure circulation lubrication.

Description

The present invention relates to a two-stroke engine according to the preamble of claims 1 and 12.

Many two-stroke engines require a mixture of gasoline and engine oil for their function. But also four-stroke engines consume oil in the form of oil vapors, which arise in the crankcase and are fed via the intake of the combustion.

Object of the present invention is to reduce the emission of a two-stroke engine and to reduce the high fuel consumption of these engines.

This object is achieved by a two-stroke engine having the features of claims 1 and 12.

The engine of the invention consumes less fuel, less oil at the same power and is therefore much more environmentally friendly than the known from the prior art engines of the generic type.

The invention is based on a new 2-stroke engine, in which by the counter-rotating pistons a double ignition is achieved, which has a high torque result and an oil circulation lubrication, which lubricates only the moving parts, without the oil in direct contact with the gasoline-air mixture comes.

The motor according to the invention is particularly suitable as a hybrid use in cars in conjunction with a generator, as well as a home appliance for personal use for power generation or grid feeding.

• – Umweltfreundlichkeit durch weniger Abgase und Verbrauch
• – hohes Drehmoment durch 2-Takt-Gegen-Betrieb
• – leichte Bauweise, geringeres Gewicht, keine zusätzliche Schwungmasse
• – billigere Herstellung
• – schnellere Reparaturen
• – ruhigerer Lauf durch geringere Schwingung der Kurbelwelle
• – Links- und Rechtslauf durch Verstellung des Zündzeitpunktes und der Auslasszeit

As advantages of the engine according to the invention over the previously known engines are:

• - Environmental friendliness through less exhaust gases and consumption
• - high torque through 2-stroke counter-operation
• - lightweight construction, lower weight, no additional flywheel mass
• - cheaper production
• - faster repairs
• - smoother running due to lower vibration of the crankshaft
• - Left and right rotation by adjusting the ignition timing and the exhaust time

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 to 3 schematic plan views of an embodiment of an engine according to the invention, with different positions of the piston

4 a schematic plan view of the engine of 1 to 3

5 . 6 Detail views of the crankshaft, crankshaft pulleys and connecting rods

7 an enlarged view of the piston with cylinder, cylinder head, connecting rod and the valves

8th a modified oil circuit in which the oil thrust tube is replaced by extended piston pressure valves

9 a split oil circuit that replaces the oil spinner pump with an oil pump

The engine works on the 2-stroke principle. The cylinders are offset from each other like a boxer engine ( 4 ), the pistons are in opposite directions. Ignition takes place in the crankcase when the pistons are at the shortest distance from the crankshaft ( 3 ). The flywheel and connecting rod crankshaft must be designed so that the crankcase is as large as possible to ensure proper compression in the crankcase ( 4 ). The pistons are each equipped with two pressure valves which are actuated by compression pressure, an oil thrust tube and piston pin ( 7 ). Furthermore, the pistons with piston and Ölabstreifringen, as well as in the middle with a groove which extends annularly around the piston and in which the oil for lubrication, coming from both sides of the piston on one side to the other side within the Ölabstreifringe of the connecting rod is pressed to the oil thrust tube. The crankshaft and the connecting rod are each equipped with oil holes ( 5 and 6 ) and sealed against the escape of oil into the crankcase with pressure and heat-resistant sealing rings. Crankshaft, connecting rod, piston and oil thrust pipe function as an oil skid pump and cause the oil in the circuit from the crankshaft to the exit of the cylinder head through the oil filter is pressed into the oil reservoir. To prevent the oil from forming air bubbles when the motor stops in the holes, the oil tank must be mounted above the oil circuit in the engine compartment. The aspiration of the gasoline, LPG, CNG, ethanol, hydrogen, air mixture via diaphragm valves in the cylinder head ( 7 ). The oil thrust pipe ends in the cylinder head and is sealed in the same, so that the oil in the direction Oil tank is pressed and does not run into the cylinder. From the oil tank, the oil flows through an oil cooler and is sucked by the crankshaft through the sealed crankshaft bearings and thus the oil circuit is closed. Electro-mechanically actuated exhaust valves can be included in the oil circuit and, together with the exhaust pipe, are located underneath the crankcase while the spark plug is installed on the recumbent engine above the crankcase. The engine can be additionally equipped with air or water cooling.

Another second embodiment of the above described engine shows ( 8th ). The oil thrust pipe on the piston is omitted, but the oil flow is handled by two extended piston pressure valves, which are equipped with a bore inside. The extended piston pressure valves are held in the piston with springs and are movably sealed in the cylinder head against oil leakage to the cylinder. Likewise, the piston pressure valves are sealed in the piston. The oil flows, as described above, from the crankshaft and connecting rod coming over the piston pin and cylinder wall, in place of the oil thrust pipe, through the piston-pressure valves in the cylinder head. This gives a further advantage, because these valves can be controlled by oil pressure.

Another third embodiment of the previously described engine shows ( 9 ). In this version, there is neither an oil thrust pipe nor extended piston pressure valves, but the piston pressure valves. Here, an oil pump is needed in the oil reservoir, which pushes the oil from the oil reservoir through the crankshaft and back and also pushes the oil from the oil reservoir through de cylinder and thus lubricates the cylinder wall, the piston pressure valves, the piston pin and the connecting rod. The cylinder bores for the oil are arranged in the center of the cylinder in the opposite direction and the piston length and piston stroke are adjusted such that the bores in the cylinder lie between the oil scraper rings during piston movement.

At the time of ignition ( 3 ) are all valves 7 . 8th . 12 closed and the pistons 5 did that previously through the piston pressure valves 7 streamed fresh gas-air mixture 35 in the crankshaft housing 10 compressed. After ignition in the crankcase 10 become the pistons 5 in the direction of cylinder heads 19 pressed and that between pistons 5 and cylinder head 19 located fresh gas-air mixture 35 is compressed and via the opening piston pressure valves 7 in the crankcase 10 promoted. At the same time the exhaust valve opens 12 and the burned exhaust gases are through the incoming fresh gas-air mixture 35 in the crankcase 10 pressed into the outlet pipe. After that, the pistons move 5 in the direction of the crankcase 10 and the exhaust valve 12 and the piston pressure valves 7 close while the diaphragm valves 8th to open. It is at the same time fresh gas-air mixture 35 over the diaphragm valves 8th sucked and the compression in the crankcase 10 initiated with the following ignition. At the time of ignition Close the diaphragm valves 8th and the pistons move back towards the cylinder head 19 , This repetitive process makes the engine run.

The engine can be operated with gasoline, LPG, CNG, ethanol, and hydrogen-air mixture.

As soon as the engine begins to turn, the oil flow, caused by the centrifugal effect of the crankshaft, also sets in 1 , The oil is from the oil tank 17 , which is above the engine, via oil cooler 18 , Crankshaft bearing 2 , Oil channels 14 the crankshaft 1 and connecting rods 3 , through the oil thruster 13 in the piston 5 to exit from the cylinder head 19 pressed and back to the oil reservoir 17 , Thus, the oil circuit is closed. In addition, a return valve can be installed.

Two other versions of the oil circuit are in ( 8th ) and ( 9 ).

If the oil cooling is insufficient, a water recirculation or air cooling can be added.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

crankshaft

2

crankshaft bearings

3

pleuel

4

connecting rod bearing

5

piston

6

Piston pin and connecting rod bearing

7

pressure valve

8th

diaphragm valve

9

cylinder

10

crankcase

11

spark plug

12

outlet valve

13

Oil torque tube

14

oil passage

15

oil outlet

16

Oil return

17

oilcontainer

18

oil cooler

19

cylinder head

20

oil inlet

21

piston bore

22

crankshaft pulley

23

Seal oil thrust pipe

24

Seal crankshaft

25

Seal connecting rod bearing

26

Seal connecting rod eye

27

Seal diaphragm valve

28

Seal pressure valves

29

Piston rings and oil scraper rings

30

Bore connecting rod

31

Front and rear drive pin

32

Connecting rod for pressing into the middle crankshaft pulley

33

Spring diaphragm valve

34

Spring pressure valve

35

: mixture

36

Extended pressure valve

37

Seal extended pressure valve

38

oil pump

39

Oil pressure line

Claims (12)

Box-type two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase ( 10 ), one in the crankcase ( 10 ) arranged crankshaft ( 1 ) with tenons ( 32 ) on which connecting rods ( 3 ) via connecting rod bearings ( 4 ), several seals ( 24 ) on the crankshaft ( 1 ) to prevent oil from escaping into the crankcase ( 10 ), at least two offset cylinders ( 9 ), in the cylinder head ( 19 ) Diaphragm valves ( 8th ), wherein in the cylinders ( 9 ) Piston ( 5 ) with pressure valves ( 7 ), at least one in the crankcase ( 10 ) arranged outlet valve ( 12 ), characterized in that on the crankcase ( 10 ) at least one spark plug ( 11 ) is arranged and the internal combustion engine has a pressure circulation lubrication. The crankshaft ( 1 ) and the connecting rods ( 3 ) Oil channels ( 14 ), the internal combustion engine an oil reservoir ( 17 ) and an oil thruster ( 13 ) which terminates in the cylinder head and is sealed in the cylinder head, wherein the crankshaft ( 1 ), the connecting rod ( 3 ), The piston ( 5 ) and the oil thrust pipe ( 13 ) act as an oil spinner pump. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the crankshaft ( 1 ) of several, preferably three, slices ( 22 ) and the connecting rods ( 3 ) offset between the discs are arranged. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the crankcase ( 10 ) is shaped such that a close running of the crankshaft ( 1 ) in the crankcase ( 10 ) is guaranteed. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the crankcase ( 10 ) at least one spark plug ( 11 ) is arranged. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the oil tank ( 17 ) an oil cooler ( 18 ) is provided. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pistons ( 5 ) in operation either to the crankcase ( 10 ) to start the ignition, or to the cylinder heads to a gas-air mixture through the pressure valves ( 7 ) to press Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil reservoir ( 17 ) is arranged above the internal combustion engine. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil thrust pipe ( 13 ) in the piston ( 5 ) pressed in and movable in the cylinder head against oil leakage to the cylinder ( 9 ) is sealed. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all moving parts in the oil circuit with heat-resistant seals ( 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 ) are sealed. Box-type two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil thrust pipe ( 13 ) as at least one of the respective piston ( 5 ) is formed in the cylinder head extended piston valve. Box-type two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase ( 10 ), one in the crankcase ( 10 ) arranged crankshaft ( 1 ) with tenons ( 32 ) on which connecting rods ( 3 ) via connecting rod bearings ( 4 ), several seals ( 24 ) on the crankshaft ( 1 ) to prevent oil from escaping into the crankcase ( 10 ), at least two offset cylinders ( 9 ), in whose cylinder head diaphragm valves ( 8th ), wherein in the cylinders ( 9 ) Piston ( 5 ) with pressure valves ( 7 ), at least one in the crankcase ( 10 ) arranged outlet valve ( 12 ), characterized in that the internal combustion engine has a pressure circulation lubrication, wherein the crankshaft ( 1 ), the connecting rods ( 3 ) and the cylinders ( 9 ) Have oil wells, the internal combustion engine an oil reservoir ( 17 ) with an oil pump ( 38 ), wherein the oil holes in the cylinders ( 9 ) are arranged so that they are between on the lateral surface of the piston ( 5 ) arranged oil scraper rings ( 29 ) are positioned.

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