DE202009017869U1 - Device for separating gaseous, liquid and solid substances in a bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (102) for separating gaseous, liquid and solid substances in a bioreactor (100),
characterized,
a) that the separation of the gaseous, liquid and solid substances essentially takes place automatically by means of different functional elements (148, 136, 137, 200) of the device (102), wherein
b) at least one control and / or regulating unit (142, 156, 222) is assigned to each individual functional element (148, 136, 137, 200), and wherein
c) at least one functional element, preferably the functional element (148) for separating the solid substances, in addition at least one measuring unit (154) is assigned.

Description

Field of the invention

The The invention relates to a separation device for the separation of gaseous, liquid and solid substances for use in a bioreactor.

State of the art

at the purification of wastewater, in particular in the field of industry, It is often necessary to do an anaerobic cleaning in a bioreactor perform. There are reactions under lack of oxygen Instead, where on the one hand gas is formed and on the other hand mud (Biomass) arises. Through these reactions, the wastewater in the required quality cleaned.

The The quality of the anaerobic process is different Assessment criteria, for. B. after the cleaning effect in relation to the necessary residence time in the reactivated onsbehälter, and after generated in relation to the wastewater to be purified Amount of mud.

at The treatment of complex wastewater comes in different ways Types of anaerobic bioreactors used. There are different reactor systems, such as B. Reactors of the UASB type (UASB: upflow anaerobic sludge blanket), based on the principle of granulation of anaerobic biomass based on so-called pellets. Pellets are lenticular to spherical small bodies of compressed biomaterial with approx. 2-5 mm diameter and high sink rate.

complex Waste water, for example from the food industry, are characterized in that they in addition to dissolved organic Ingredients (eg carbohydrates, alcohols, etc.) also insoluble or contain particulate proteins and fats. Complex wastewater are often difficult to clean anaerobically as constituents as proteins and fats are degraded only slowly and the process speed decrease. In addition, reactors of the UASB type only slow growth of granular biomass. Further, the stability reduced by pellets against shear forces. same for for their discontinuation characteristics. This is reflected in a lower efficiency of the degradation of complex effluents (50% -60%) compared to carbohydrate-rich wastewater (85% -95%) down.

In Anaerobic bioreactors produce biogas. At the biogas production different types of anaerobic microorganisms are involved, their quantitative ratio to each other by starting materials, pH value, temperature and process flow is influenced.

in the Process of treatment of complex wastewater comes to an effective Separation of the anaerobic bioreactors during the degradation process Products (biomass and biogas) from purified water is an important Role too. For this separation of the purified wastewater come from gas and mud u. a. so-called three-phase separator (Three-phase separators) are used.

In a known device of the aforementioned type ( WO 2007/078194 A1 ) describes a process for the anaerobic purification of wastewater with a mud-bed system. The process involves the supply of wastewater and prepurified water to the bottom of a "Upflow" reactor containing granular biomass. This produces biogas which rises in a mixture of gas, liquid and solids. The separation of gas and solids from the liquid takes place inter alia in a three-phase separator.

Another font ( EP 1 484 286 A1 ) describes a device for the purification of wastewater, which results in the implementation of the wastewater in the reactor vessel biogas. This is withdrawn separately from the purified wastewater. In order to ensure an effective separation, a deflection device for reaction gases is arranged above a heat exchanger. In addition, the deposition of the gases is improved by a discharge device for the treated wastewater is arranged with labyrinth-shaped guide plates in the upper part of the reaction vessel. The deduction of the resulting sludge in the course of an anaerobic reaction via a suction port in a sludge discharge line, and can be controlled by a sludge discharge valve.

Also another document ( WO 96/32177 A1 ) describes a separator for separating liquid, gaseous and solid substances. The separator comprises means for discharging the liquid, which are adapted to the level of the water surface, and means for the inflow of liquid in the bottom area of the separator. In the interior of the separator one or more flaps with their longitudinal axis at an angle (obliquely) to the water surface (comb-like) are arranged. Preferably, a plurality of flaps are attached. The liquid, which is fed from below into the separator, flows obliquely upwards, along the lower region of the flaps. The gas contained in the supplied liquid collects at the comb-like attached flaps and continues to flow to the water surface where it is collected and discharged. The solids contained in the liquid are removed with the liquid.

task

task The invention is to provide a device which during a the operation controllable three-phase deposition in a bioreactor realized, creating a fully automated operation of a bioreactor is possible.

solution

These Task is by the inventions with the characteristics of the independent Claims solved. Advantageous developments The inventions are characterized in the subclaims. The wording of all claims hereby by reference to the content of this description. The invention also includes all meaningful and especially all mentioned Combinations of independent and / or dependent Claims.

It is a device for separating gaseous, liquid and solids in a bioreactor proposed by it is characterized in that the separation of gaseous, liquid and solid substances essentially by means of different functional elements the device can be adjusted automatically.

there is at least each individual functional element of the device associated with a control and / or regulating unit. It is also an advantage that at least one functional element, preferably the functional element for separating the solids, in addition at least one Measuring unit is assigned. In the inventive Device is a so-called three-phase separator (Three-phase separator), which separates the sludge-water-gas mixture realized. The proposed three-phase separator can in particular also be used in an anaerobic bioreactor (eg methane reactor). The proposed device is especially for a bioreactor of the UASB type suitable.

The Device can in bioreactors with any tanks be used. The separator itself has a plan view rectangular basic shape. The device is suitable for Containers that have different geometries of cross-sectional area of the container d. H. the use of the proposed Device is independent of the geometry of the cross-sectional area a respective container.

It is advantageously also possible already existing Reactors to modernize and with the proposed Vorrich device retrofit. The proposed controllable separator (separator) will i. d. R. arranged in the upper region of the reactor.

The Gas generated during the reaction at the bottom of the bioreactor rises usually on and accumulates in the gas space of the reactor, from where the later deduction takes place. However, parts of the gas stick to it at the biomass, which is near the reactor floor collect. The gas adhering to the biomass therefore increases together with the biomass to the separator on, where the separation of the gas from the Biomass is automatically realized.

Cheap it is that the device has at least two inflow channels. Each of the inflow channels is open with at least one flap and / or closing the inlet channel provided, wherein the Flap a flow rate for one Regulate the influx of substances to be separated.

The Inflow channels are preferably on the side of the separator (separator) appropriate. In normal operation, the flow velocity lowest in the area of the separator wall (0-speed zone). about the inflow channels, the influx of gas with the pellets in the inside of the separator, whereby the separation of the gas from the Pellets is realized. The pellets settle as mud down at the bottom of the separator while the gas continues rises and collects in the gas space of the reactor (parallel separator effect). The sludge collects inside the separator, but partially also already within the inflow channels.

By the opening and / or closing of the flaps to the At least two inflow channels, the flow velocity is targeted regulated. In normal operation, the flaps are on both inlet channels open, creating an overall lower flow velocity of the gas-water-solid mixture achieved by the feed channels becomes. But it can also open only the flap of a supply chute be while the respective other flap is closed. By closing the flap of a feed trough is a higher flow rate in the other Inlet chute generated. These variants of the adjustment of the opening state the flaps are especially used to rinse out mud (Flushing) applied from the corners of the inlet channels, as already passing through the inlet channels through the gas-water-solid mixture from the reactor, in particular in the corners of the inlet channels pellets get stuck. To better remove these deposits, it is necessary by the mutual opening or closing the flap of a feed chute trigger the flushing process. Depending on the properties of the deposited Mud the rinsing is usually done in one Rhythm from three hours to a day.

From Advantage is that to regulate the flow rate opening and / or closing the flaps means at least one timer.

The opening and / or closing the flaps can automatically be realized by means of an adjustable time-sensitive circuit. Actuation of the opening or closing device the flaps are preferably carried out by a drive device by means of lifting or pulling rod on the basis of the set time mechanism. The rinse operation can be z. B. 1 time a day or depending on the quantity or properties of the feed channels settling sludge also often done. Pressing the flaps can also be triggered manually if required.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the device at least one closure element for sludge discharge.

The Closure element preferably extends over at the lower part of the separator its entire length. The closure element has i. d. R. via adjustable settings. The operation the closure element is preferably carried out by a drive unit via two or more vertical lifting or tie rods, where the Closure element over the length of the separator is suspended.

The Closure element is preferably similar to a funnel designed (in cross section), the opening state of the Characteristics of the mud can be adjusted. The funnel-like Cross-section causes in particular the rejection of an undesirable Gas entry from below through the open closure device in the mud discharge channel. Unwanted gas entry through the sludge discharge channel into the separator would be the Effectively affect effectiveness.

The opening and / or closing the closure element is advantageously by means of at least one measuring unit, preferably a TS probe, triggered.

The TS probe initiates opening and / or closing the closure device depending on the volume of solids (TS = total solid) in the lower part of the separator. The closure device is preferably designed such that the Size of the opening of the mud discharge channel, which releases the closure element, also from the measurement result the probe is affected. Increases the amount of dry matter In the separator, the sludge discharge channel is through the closure element more open and vice versa. In this way, the opening degree the shutter device by means of the TS probe automatically optimally to the amount and properties of the deposited in the separator Mud (TS) adapted.

From The advantage is that the separator for flow calming in its interior a vertically and substantially centrally arranged Partition has.

The Partition is preferably attached in such a way in the separator that essentially completely in the center of the separator from top to bottom is enough. The flow-calming effect the partition is particularly important for neutralizing possibly. occurring vortices within the separator.

In a preferred embodiment, the device for the periodic leaching of scum one in their height positioning variable overflow edge.

In the separator i. d. R. submerged (perforated) drainpipes (Drain pipes) used. These are with holes and / or Slotted provided. The drainpipes serve to drain off the separator prepurified wastewater. These tubes are preferably in the separator installed along its longitudinal axis and closed at one end. At the other end they can pass through the front wall of the separator be led and lead into one at the separator attached collecting duct. The collecting channel preferably has the shape a rectangular basin, which outside on the front side of the separator is attached. Here, the collection channel with a be connected to another drain pipe over which the drain the pre-cleaned wastewater from the collection channel for further treatment is dissipated. This further drain pipe can with a Siphon (water lock) be provided, the possible escape to prevent gas in the pre-clarified wastewater.

The floating sludge collects during the gas-water-solid separation process at the water surface in the separator. When draining the pre-treated wastewater through the drainpipes, it would therefore be possible that the scum clogs, inter alia, the slots or holes in the pipes. To prevent this, the scum must be periodically removed from the water surface. This is inventively realized in that the variable overflow edge (overflow threshold) between the separator and collecting duct is raised so that drainage of the waste water in this first collection channel is no longer possible. In this case, the level of the waste water level in the separator increases in such a way that a drainage of the waste water via a higher-lying run-off in a second collection channel to a Outflow device takes place. In this process, the scum is largely discharged into this collection channel. After carrying out this procedure, the level of the water surface is lowered again by means of the height-adjustable overflow edge, so that the pre-cleaned water can be returned to the further wastewater treatment via the submerged drain pipes and the first collection channel. Changing the height positioning of the water level in the separator preferably takes place via lifting rods or tie rods from a drive device (eg electric motor or the like). Thus, by the variable adjustment of the level of water level in the container of the separator, the water surface of scum are kept free.

From particular advantage is that the change in height positioning the overflow edge by means of at least one timer he follows.

The Time control here preferably controls a drive device for the lifting or tie rods, the height positioning set the overflow edge to the required level. This makes it possible to schedule a controlled Drain (overflow) of the scum after a defined Timing program to realize. If necessary, the change can the height positioning of the overflow edge also be triggered manually.

to Invention also includes a method for separating gaseous, liquid and solid substances that correspond to a device used above description.

• – zeitgesteuert schaltbare Zufuhrklappen des Abscheiders;
• – eine messtechnisch gesteuerte Regelung des Öffnens/Schließens der Verschlussvorrichtung des Schlammaustragskanals und die höhenveränderbare Überlaufkante (Überlaufrinne) zur Abführung von Schwimmschlamm im Zusammenhang mit den Tauchrohren.

The advantages of the proposed device over the prior art are in particular the control possibilities for fully automated operation of the bioreactor, such as

• Time-controlled switchable supply flaps of the separator;
• - A metrologically controlled control of the opening / closing of the closure device of the sludge discharge channel and the height-adjustable overflow edge (overflow channel) for the discharge of scum in connection with the dip tubes.

To the advantages include the vertically arranged partition in the middle of the separator to calm the flow inside the separator.

Further Details and features will become apparent from the following description a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the Dependent claims. Here, the respective features alone or in combination with each other be realized. The possibilities to solve the task are not limited to the embodiments. For example, ranges always include all - not - intermediate values and all conceivable subintervals.

The Embodiments are shown schematically in the figures. The same reference numerals in the individual figures indicate same or functionally identical or with regard to their functions corresponding elements. In detail shows:

1 a schematic representation (overview scheme) of a bioreactor with built-in three-phase separator;

2 a schematic representation (partial view) of a bioreactor with built-in three-phase separator;

3 a schematic representation of the four possible opening states A), B), C) and D) of the flaps on the three-phase separator;

4 a schematic representation (sectional view, detail) of the drainage system at the overflow edges of the three-phase separator at low height position of the variable overflow edge;

5 a schematic representation (sectional view, detail) of the drainage system at the overflow edges of the three-phase separator at the upper height position of the variable overflow edge;

6A a schematic representation (top view, detail) of the three-phase separator with the arrangement of the drain pipes and collecting ducts;

6B a schematic representation (top view, detail) of the three-phase separator with a further variant of the arrangement of the drain pipes and collecting ducts;

7 a schematic representation of the possible arrangement of a three-phase separator in a bioreactor with a rectangular bottom geometry; and

8th a schematic representation of the possible arrangement of a three-phase separator in a bioreactor with a circular bottom geometry.

The following is the wastewater treatment using a three-phase separator on the basis of 1 and 2 described. It shows 1 schematically shows the wastewater treatment in a bioreactor 100 with a turned on brought three-phase separator 102 , 2 shows in a detailed view of the schematic structure and function of the three-phase separator 102 in the bioreactor 100 for wastewater treatment.

The wastewater to be treated 104 is via the supply line 106 using the pump 108 into the anaerobic methane reactor 100 given. The methane reactor 100 can with a mixing device 110 be provided. In the reactor 100 By a microbiological process the biogas or methane, which in the upper part (gas space) is created 112 above the water surface 130 of the closed methane reactor 100 is collected and from there via a gas line 114 discharged and optionally recycled. With the flowmeter 116 the volume flow of the discharged biogas is measured. Also with a flowmeter 118 is the flow rate of the inlet 106 to the methane reactor 100 measured.

The methane reactor 100 is about the guiding parameters 120 , such as temperature T, pH value and TSS concentration (TSS = unresolved substances = total suspended solids), as well as the amount of biogas 112 and the inflow 106 controlled.

The temperature setting for the bioreactor 100 supplied wastewater 104 takes place through the heat exchangers 122 . 124 that the inflow 106 heat to the desired temperature and / or heat the reactor contents in the circuit. The water temperature is preferably set to 36 to 38 degrees.

The anaerobic digestion in the methane reactor 100 contained microorganisms leave the reactor 100 completely or in part with the effluent pre-clarified wastewater. The discharge of pre-clarified waste water from the bioreactor 100 for further treatment via the procedure 126 , Part of the pre-clarified wastewater can be via the line 128 again the bioreactor 100 be supplied.

The separation of gaseous, liquid and solid substances takes place in the bioreactor 100 preferably by the three-phase separator 102 in the bioreactor 100 is introduced. The three-phase separator 102 makes it possible to realize this separation fully automatically.

The automatically adjustable separator (separator) 102 is in the upper part of the reactor 100 arranged.

That during the reaction in the bottom area of the bioreactor 100 resulting gas usually rises and collects in the gas space 112 of the reactor 100 , above the water surface 130 from where the trigger on the line 114 he follows. Parts of the in the biological mud 131 However, in the area of the bottom of the reactor in the bioreaction resulting gas adhere to the biomass, which collect in the vicinity of the reactor bottom. For sludge removal from the bottom of the reactor, the drain line is used 107 ,

The gas adhering to the pellets rises together with the pellets to the separator 102 on where the separation of the gas from the pellets is realized.

The separator 102 has two inlet channels 134 . 135 on. Each of the inflow channels 134 . 135 is with a supply flap 136 . 137 for opening and / or closing the feed channels 134 . 135 provided, with the flaps 136 . 137 the flow rate for the influx 138 regulate the substances to be separated.

The inflow channels 134 . 135 are on the side of the separator 102 appropriate. About the inlet channels 134 . 135 the influx takes place 138 of the gas with the pellets in the interior of the separator 102 wherein the separation of the gas from the pellets is realized. The pellets settle as mud 140 down to the bottom of the separator 102 while the gas continues to rise and in the gas space 112 of the reactor 100 collects. The sludge separated from the gas 140 accumulates both inside the separator 102 , But there are also sludge secretions in the interior of the inflow channels 134 . 135 ,

Opening and / or closing the flaps 136 . 137 is through the adjustable timer unit 142 via the drive unit 144 realized. On the basis of the set time mechanism, the immediate operation of the opening or closing device of the flaps takes place 136 . 137 over the lifting or drawbar 147 coming from the drive unit 144 is driven.

The in the separator 102 separated mud 140 accumulates in particular in the bottom area of the separator 102 , From there can be a separate mud 140 from the separator 102 over the mud discharge channel 146 be discharged into the reactor space. To open and / or close the mud discharge channel 146 is the separator 102 with the closure element 148 for the mud discharge channel 146 fitted. The actuation of the closure element 148 done by a drive unit 150 by means of several vertical lifting or tie rods 152 , where the funnel-shaped closure element 146 over the entire length of the separator 102 is suspended.

The opening and / or closing of the closure element 148 is done by means of the TS probe 154 about the control unit 155 triggered. This controls the drive unit depending on the amount of solids (TS) 150 for the lifting or drawbar 152 that the opening and / or closing of the closure element 146 realize immediately.

For the purpose of flow calming, the separator can 102 in its interior a vertical and centrally arranged partition 158 exhibit. The partition 158 is by means of the brackets 160 in the separator 102 attached.

For periodic flushing of scum from the water surface 130 points the separator 102 the variable in their height positioning overflow edge 200 on. In the separator 102 are two submerged drainpipes (drainpipes) 204 used. These are provided with holes and slots (not shown). The drainpipes 204 serve to drain off the separator 102 prepurified wastewater.

The pipes 204 are in the separator 102 installed in the longitudinal direction and closed at one end. At the other end they are through the front wall of the separator 102 led and lead into one at the separator 102 attached collecting duct 206 , The collection channel 206 is with another drainpipe 208 connected, over which in the separator 102 Pre-cleaned wastewater from the collecting channel 206 is discharged for further treatment. This drainpipe 206 is with a siphon (water lock) 210 provided, which prevents the possible escape of gas into the effluent pre-clarified wastewater.

During the gas-water-solid separation process collects at the water surface in the separator 102 also scum, which must be removed at certain intervals. The removal of the scum from the water surface is realized by the variable overflow edge 200 between separators 102 and collecting channel 206 is raised so far that a drainage of the waste water in this collecting channel 206 is no longer possible. This increases the level of the wastewater level 130 in the separator 102 on and the drainage of the wastewater takes place via the higher overflow edge 212 into another gutter (collecting channel) 212 that a process 216 that's over the line 128 re-feeding the scum-enriched effluent to the reactor 100 allows. After the removal of the scum from the separator 102 becomes the level of the water surface 130 by changing the position of the overflow edge 200 lowered again, so that the pre-cleaned water again on the submerged drain pipes 204 and the collection channel 206 drain and the further wastewater treatment can be supplied. The respective changing of the height position of the overflow edge 200 in the separator 102 takes place by means of the lifting or drawbar 218 through the drive device 220 , The drive device 220 for the lifting or drawbar 218 is through the timer unit 222 controlled.

The schematic representation in 3 shows in particular the four possible opening states A), B), C) and D) of the flaps 136 . 137 at the inlet channels 134 . 135 of the three-phase separator 102 , In normal operation, the flaps 136 . 137 at both inlet channels 134 . 135 opened (state B or D). This results in an overall higher flow velocity of the gas-water-solid mixture through the feed channels 134 . 135 reached. It can only shut up 136 respectively. 137 one of the inlet channels 134 . 135 be open while the respective other flap 137 respectively. 138 is closed (state A or C). By closing the flap 136 . 137 one inlet channel each 134 respectively. 135 a higher flow velocity is generated in the other inlet channel. The variants A and C of the setting of the flap state are in particular for rinsing mud (flushing) from the corners of the inlet channels 134 . 135 applied.

In the detail view (schematic) in 4 is the overflow edge 200 in the lower position. This causes wastewater to enter the pipes through the openings in the pipe walls 204 penetrates and through the pipes 204 into the gutter 206 (Collecting duct) flows. From there, the wastewater reaches the overflow edge 200 to the drainpipe 208 over which the wastewater from the reactor 100 can expire or again the inflow 106 of the bioreactor 100 is supplied.

In the detail view (schematic) in 5 is the overflow edge 200 in the upper position. This will make sure that works with scum 500 Enriched wastewater no longer over the overflow edge 200 can drain away. In this case, it runs on the surface with scum 500 enriched water over upper overflow edge 212 into the gutter 214 from where the sewage with the scum 500 over the line 216 discharged or again the inlet 106 of the bioreactor 100 is supplied.

In the presentation of the 6A is a schematic plan view of the separator 102 shown. The drainpipes 204 are inside the separator 102 introduced perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. On the side walls of the separator 102 are the collection channels 206 and 214 with the changeable overflow edge 200 or with the upper overflow edge 212 , about which, depending on the height position of the variable overflow edge 200 the sewage or the scum 500 can drain away.

In the presentation of the 6B is schematically a plan view of another variant of a separator 102 shown. In this exemplary embodiment, the drainpipes are 204 inside the separator 102 arranged along its longitudinal axis. At the front of the separator are the collection channels 206 and 214 with the changeable overflow edge 200 or with the upper overflow edge 212 over which, depending on the height position of the variable overflow edge 200 the sewage or the scum 500 can drain away.

In the 7 and 8th For example, two variants are shown, such as the proposed three-phase separator 102 in bioreactors 100 may be arranged, which have a different bottom geometry.

The geometry of the separator 102 has in plan view in each case a rectangular shape. As examples of different bottom geometries of a reactor 100 here are the rectangular ( 7 ) and the circular ( 8th ) dargstellt. The illustrations show that the use of the separator 102 from the bottom geometry of the reactor 100 independently and thus universally, ie in new reactors, but also in the course of retrofitting existing reactors or containers, can be used.

100

anaerobic bioreactor

102

Three-phase separator

104

sewage

106

supply for pretreated wastewater

107

Flow line for sludge removal from the bioreactor

108

pump

110

Agitator / mixer

112

headspace

114

gas pipe

116

flow meter

118

flow meter

122

heat exchangers

124

heat exchangers

126

Drain / flow

130

sewage level

131

flakes mud

134

feed channel

135

feed channel

136

supply flap

137

supply flap

138

influx the substances to be separated

140

mud

142

Time Switch Unit / timer device for flap opening

144

drive unit for lifting or pulling rod of the supply flaps

146

Schlammaustrags Channel

147

lifting or pull rod of the feed flaps

148

closure element for mud discharge channel

150

drive unit for lifting or pulling rod of the sludge discharge device

152

lifting or pull rod of the sludge discharge device

154

TS probe

156

Tax- and / or control unit

158

partition wall

200

Overflow edge for pre-treated wastewater

206

collecting duct (Raid cell)

208

waste pipe (Drain pipe) for wastewater

210

siphon (Water seal)

212

Spillway (Overflow edge) for scum

216

drain line for scum

218

lifting or pull rod of the overflow channel

220

drive unit for lifting or drawbar of the overflow channel

222

Time Switch Unit (Control) for overflow trough

500

scum

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - WO 2007/078194 A1 [0008]
• EP 1484286 A1 [0009]
• WO 96/32177 A1 [0010]

Claims (8)

Contraption ( 102 ) for separating gaseous, liquid and solid substances in a bioreactor ( 100 ), characterized in that a) that the separation of the gaseous, liquid and solid substances essentially by means of different functional elements ( 148 . 136 . 137 . 200 ) of the device ( 102 ) is carried out automatically, b) each individual functional element ( 148 . 136 . 137 . 200 ) at least one control and / or regulating unit ( 142 . 156 . 222 ), and wherein c) at least one functional element, preferably the functional element ( 148 ) for separating the solid substances, in addition at least one measuring unit ( 154 ) assigned. Contraption ( 102 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a) that the device ( 102 ) at least two inflow channels ( 134 . 135 ), b) each inlet channel ( 134 . 135 ) with at least one flap ( 136 . 137 ) is provided for opening and / or closing, and c) wherein the flaps ( 136 . 137 ) a flow rate for an influx ( 138 ) of substances to be separated. Contraption ( 102 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that for controlling the flow velocity opening and / or closing the flaps ( 136 . 137 ) by means of at least one timing circuit ( 142 ) he follows. Contraption ( 102 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device ( 102 ) at least one closure element ( 148 ) for sludge discharge. Contraption ( 102 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that an opening and / or closing of the closure element ( 148 ) by means of at least one measuring unit ( 54 ), preferably a TS probe. Contraption ( 102 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a vertically and substantially centrally arranged partition wall for flow calming in the interior of the device. Contraption ( 102 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device ( 102 ) a variable in their height positioning overflow edge ( 200 ) for the periodic leaching of scum ( 500 ) having. Contraption ( 102 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a change in the height positioning of the overflow edge ( 200 ) by means of at least one timing circuit ( 222 ) he follows.