DE202008017621U1 - Belt for integral seats - Google Patents

Abstract

Gurtholm from at least two sheet metal profiles, characterized gekennzichnet that the sheet metal profiles are partially pushed together.

Description

The The present invention relates to a belt spar of a belt integral seat.

One Belt integral seat is a seat in a vehicle that has all the desired Functions of the seat in itself, including the function of the safety belt. This allows belt integral seats taken as a whole from a vehicle and used. Gurtintegralsitze have a base frame with which they attach to a floor assembly of the motor vehicle can be attached. The subframe can be a longitudinal adjustment having two pairs of rails. The base becomes the seating area carried. He can by means of an adjustment in height and / or the seat tilt to be adjustable. A backrest The belt integral seat is attached to the seat or underframe. Finally, the belt integral seat has a seat belt device with a belt retractor. It knows the state of the art two different configurations: There are belt integral seats, at where the Gurtaufrollautomat arranged in the backrest is. He is assigned there primarily to the shoulder strap. These Arrangement of the belt retractor, however, takes up valuable space away inside the passenger compartment. The distance between successively sitting Passengers are determined by the belt retractor. In another training is the Gurtaufrollautomat the undercarriage assigned. He is in the rear side area of the undercarriage arranged. This results in a favorable initiation of accident-related Forces and a space-saving arrangement.

One Belt of a Gurtintegralsitzes within the meaning of the present invention is a spar at which one or more anchoring points of a harness system are attached consisting of a retractor of a belt, a belt deflection and / or the anchorages of a belt system in the form of a buckle or Gurtendbeschlags. Other seating elements, which can be associated with such a belt, are especially folding armrest, headrest, seat back and / or seat shell.

One such Gurtholm is basically L-shaped. Of the highest loaded area in such a belt is the area of the kink of the L-shape. This is especially true then, if the top attachment point of the strap at the top of the belt is attached. For example, if a person is in the Case of an accident accelerates forward, so act on the upper Attachment point resulting strong tensile forces a, which transmitted by leverage on the kink area and burden it so much. The kink area must therefore be stabilized in a special way, which in particular by increasing the wall thickness in this area is reached. An increase in wall thickness will today, for example, by welding reinforcing plates reached.

Known supporting structures of vehicle seats have structural parts which are stamped from thin sheet steel and welded together, as for example from the document DE 197 05 603 A1 evident. It is always the goal of such components to perform this as easily as possible and to minimize the number of components required.

Out EP-A 0 370 342 a lightweight component in hybrid construction of a shell-shaped base body is known, the interior of which has reinforcing ribs which are firmly connected to the main body, in which the reinforcing ribs are made of molded plastic and their connection to the body at discrete connection points via openings in the base body, through which Plastic passes through and beyond the surfaces of the apertures, whereby a tight fit is achieved.

Already in the Brochure Auto Creative: Innovative System Solutions with Bayer Materials for the Automotive Industry, issue July 2000, page 27 Bayer AG is embracing this concept of plastic-metal hybrid construction and proposing that it be transferred to a belt integral seat.

A backrest shell based on the high-performance plastic Durethan ^® transfers the forces that occur in the event of a crash to the seat base with the steel reinforcement and the closed shell increases the lateral stiffness. Due to the significantly lower deformation, the occupants are held firm and safer in a side impact. Moreover, the safety belt integrated in the seat offers additional protection, since the belt is shorter compared to conventional systems and does not expand so much in the event of an impact.

Of the economic factor of this solution is that the plastic parts of the seat are equipped with several functions can be. This reduces the number of items with the advantage that time and costs are saved during assembly.

On the basis of the plastic-metal-hybrid concept later further seat structures were developed. It was found that seat frames made of hollow profiles have at least one node, such nodes between two hollow sections but only very complicated as cast nodes or by complicated welding processes can be displayed. EP 1 287 972 A1 proposes frame made of hollow sections with at least one node on which at least one hollow profile has a recess in which another hollow profile is held positively in at least one direction, wherein at least in the region of the node molding compound frictionally and / or frictionally foamed.

KU Kunststoffe vintage 92 (2002) 11 teaches the benefits of collar joining in the plastic-metal composite construction (hybrid technology) compared conventional joining techniques and suggests due to the resulting strength, reliability and economy the use of collar joining to Production of highly loaded structural components, such as vehicle seats in front.

The use of flow-improved thermoplastic molding compounds in the plastic-metal hybrid technology for seat structures, backrests or seat crossmember teaches WO 2007/128395 A2 ,

Last teaches WO 2008/009268 A2 the structure of a vehicle seat with at least two interconnected structural parts, wherein at least two of the structural parts are connected to each other by means of ultrasonic welding at least one contact point.

It However, it has been found that the described in the prior art Solutions for the construction of seat structures in plastic-metal composite construction are not always sufficient, in case of z. B. Crashes (accident) to absorb the occurring energy.

upgraded one car, for example, buses with Gurtintegralsitzen off, so is the special challenge in the extremely high crash energy, the forces through the three attachment points of a safety belt initiates into the seat structure. The Gurtholm is from above Reasons for the power transmission from the upper attachment point in the seat structure or in the kink area responsible for a Gurtholms.

It has been shown to be in the case of high energy input (eg crash) within the seat structure to locally high stress concentrations and thus to collapse of the structural components as a result of the high Bending and torsion moments comes. For this reason, conventional Metal construction in this area very massive, with high wall thicknesses and additional reinforcing sheets, which lead to high component weights. structural components for a Gurtintegralsitz but on the one hand materials with a high weight specific stiffness, strength and Have energy absorption to ensure safety for the Inmates to increase, and on the other hand lightweight materials and use lightweight constructions to increase the overall weight reduce and also the most cost effective solution represent. In addition, as many different as possible Seat shapes are manufactured with as few components as possible can.

The It is an object of the present invention to provide a to develop a lightweight harness consisting of a few parts which is equal to the load requirements.

The Solution of the problem and thus the subject of the present Invention is a Gurtholm comprising at least two sheet metal profiles. The two sheet metal profiles are pushed into each other and connected to each other, that an L-shaped Gurtholm is present in the area of Knicks is designed double-walled. Overlap outside of the kink area the walls of the sheet metal profiles are not. With this arrangement a belt is provided which is only in the most critical Bending area double-walled and therefore suitably reinforced is.

in principle two such sheet metal profiles can be different in width be pushed. From only two sheet metal profiles can therefore different sized belt handles are produced. This helps to keep the number of parts low.

In An embodiment of the invention comprises the two Sheet metal profiles latching means to the two sheet metal profiles particularly simple defined to be able to connect with each other. The two sheet metal profiles be nested in this embodiment, until the locking means engage in one another.

In one embodiment, the two sheet-metal profiles comprise a plurality of latching means in order to easily position them differently as well as defined relative to one another. There are various Einrastmög opportunities.

In An embodiment of the invention, the two sheet metal profiles injection-molded with plastic ribs, after they are pushed together in the desired manner were. The plastic ribs serve on the one hand the mechanical Gain. On the other hand, it is possible that to connect both sheet metal profiles firmly together. The sheets will be for this purpose inserted in an injection mold and with thermoplastic molded on the one hand, the bond between the inserts, So the sheet metal profiles, manufactures, as well as a ribbing the structure before the premature collapse (by kinking and Bumps) protects. This embodiment allows a particularly light and stable construction.

By The nesting of the two sheet metal profiles is a transition area created in which the moment of resistance continuously from the one in the other area (from single-shell to double-shelled and vice versa) increases or decreases. The emergence of kinks is avoided. The transition area can, for example, by trimming the sheet metal profile ends are created and has in a preferred embodiment the present invention has a length of 10 to 250 mm, on the one hand to stabilize the transition area sufficiently and on the other hand provide the lightest possible component to be able to.

In In a particularly preferred embodiment, the Connection of the molded thermoplastic with the telescoped ones Sheet metal profiles at discrete connection points over breakthroughs in the sheet metal profiles through which the plastic (thermoplastic) through and beyond the area of the apertures, whereby a tight fit is achieved. According to the invention the process of the back, by or extrusion coating of the thermoplastic be implemented in one, two, three or more steps.

According to the invention at least two sheet metal profiles pushed together. In alternative However, embodiments may vary depending on the requirement to the seat structure or geometry of the seat structure 3, 4 or even more sheet metal profiles are pushed together, so more areas stabilize a Gurtholms and / or Gurtholme with only a few Components can be dimensioned differently. critical is that the overlap area of two partially into each other pushed sheet metal profiles in the heavily loaded areas of a Seat structure as far as double wall thickness creates, so in the case a crash at this point of the seat structure no kink arises. As usually only one area needs to be stabilized, Basically, the Gurtholm comprises only two profiled sheets. The overlap area, d. H. the area where the two partially nested sheet metal profiles to an increased Wall thickness is of the size of the whole seat structure.

Usually this area is designed for an adult Seat in the range of 1 to 100 cm, preferably 5 to 50 cm.

Preferably be thin-walled sheets for the sheet metal profiles used for example 0.1 to 4 mm. It is enough regularly Sheet thicknesses of up to 3 mm or only up to 2 mm, especially preferably up to 1.4 mm. Thicker sheets are basically only required if relatively soft metals such as aluminum be used. The structural design of the Gurtholms allowed it certainly much thinner sheet metal thicknesses than to use in conventional construction. Such thin-walled Smells meet the stability requirements, without being unnecessarily heavy. Currently in conventional Construction sheet thicknesses from 1.5 to 4 mm usual. Regularly are the sheet thicknesses in the inventive design lower and are preferably from 0.5 mm to 1.4 mm. The sheets then consist in particular of a steel.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the wall thicknesses on at least two of the sheet metal profiles may not be the same due to different loads acting on different areas of the structure. It can be considered as further improved a different load distribution. Thus, in one embodiment of the invention, the wall thickness of the sheet metal profile may be thinner, which is arranged substantially horizontally in the seat, compared to the sheet metal profile, which is arranged substantially vertically. This embodiment takes into account such integral seats in which a Gurtholm is less loaded in the seat area compared to the area of the backrest. The cost of materials can be further minimized in this embodiment, although usually only two sheet metal profiles are needed for it. In a preferred embodiment, the sheet metal profiles to be used according to the invention have a U-shape. This embodiment has proven to be particularly suitable in order to minimize the cost of materials of relatively heavy sheet metal profiles can. In addition, however, other shapes are conceivable, such as V, L, W or Z shapes or a tube profile. However, these embodiments are less suitable, since then a higher cost of materials is required. A closed profile like a pipe profile moreover has the disadvantage that this can not be suitably provided with existing plastic reinforcing ribs by simply encapsulating.

When Result of the use of U-shaped sheet metal profiles is the Gurtholm seen in the direction of travel in particular down and to the rear open and preferably filled in its interior by the plastic ribs, to minimize the weight expenditure The U-shape but can also be reversed upwards and forward, without having to accept stability disadvantages. The open U-shapes of at least two sheet metal profiles can also be directed against each other in the overlapping area. To prefer, however, are the same directional sheet metal profiles because These then easier by molding with each other firmly connected can be. Order in consequence of a crash-related high Stress the release of the sheet metal profiles in addition To prevent these, in a preferred embodiment before the rear or injection molding with plastic or subsequently welded together in line or punctiform manner become. According to the invention is particularly preferred subsequently welded. Alternative or supplementary For example, the compound can be glued or riveted be made more durable, so as to solve the sheet metal profiles to prevent. However, it succeeds regularly, to manufacture the compound solely by means of assembly injection molding, so that additional linking measures may be omitted. Therefore, the solid compound is particularly preferably exclusive created by the encapsulation.

In Another preferred embodiment the sheet metal profiles alternatively or additionally by clips, Riveting, gluing and / or line beading (sometimes also before or during the injection molding process performed) to one another to establish a solid connection. Preferably, however, a bonding, Riveting or a subsequent beading avoided, because it involves an additional step.

In Another preferred embodiment of the present invention Invention be parked and / or deformed tabs on a or both of the nested metal profiles provided the example next to a separate mounting plate connection point to form the lower, rear cross member of a seat. Such Tabs guide occurring forces in the cross member from. In the case of a high load introduction such. B. Crash will occur Forces distributed better. Overall, this makes for a lighter Construction possible.

By this measure can u. a. the usually massive Reinforcing plate, which also connects to the rear Cross member of the seat structure serves, through a simplified Fixing plate to be replaced.

The Buckle of a seat belt is preferred in or in an overlapping area attached to the inserted sheet metal profiles, which conforms to the shape of a L's remembers. The buckle, in the event of an accident also in particular increased forces exercised be, leads occurring forces to particularly reinforced Areas continue. Especially to be preferred is that the Buckle in an overlap area on a separate Fixing plate is fastened, which on the one hand a Gurtholm in addition to reinforce and on the other hand for example, attached to a cross member of a seat is. In this way, forces occurring in the event of an accident further improved distributed, since forces so complementary be initiated in the seat structure. The most heavily loaded Areas of a Gurtholms are so relieved, resulting in total weight savings allows.

The Buckle is especially in the area of the bend in the L-shape attached as this compared to other mounting options to save a lot of space.

The materials used for the sheet metal profiles are preferred Steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, steel alloys, magnesium, Titanium or glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastics. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention Invention can sheet metal profiles made of different materials the above series are combined.

to To achieve the rib structure, thermoplastic polymers are preferred used in the form of polymer molding compositions.

The processing of the polymer molding compositions to the belt columns according to the invention in plastic-metal composite construction is carried out by forming processes for thermoplastics, preferably by injection molding, melt extrusion, pressing, embossing or blow molding. Basically, the beneficial effects to be achieved in thermoplastics of any kind. An enumeration of the thermoplastics to be used is found for example in Plastic paperback (Hrsg. Saechtling), edition 1989 , where also sources of supply are called. Methods for producing such thermoplastic materials are known to the person skilled in the art. The effects to be achieved are also evident in all known from the above-cited prior art variations of the use of hybrid technology, be it that the plastic part completely covers the metal part, or as in the case of EP 1 380 493 A2 only umgurtet, be it that the plastic part is subsequently glued or connected with, for example, a laser with the metal part or plastic part and metal part as in WO 2004/071741 get the tight fit in an additional step.

Prefers Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers (thermoplastics) to be used for the belt according to the invention in Hybrid construction are selected from the group of polyamides, vinylaromatic polymers, ASA, ABS, SAN polymers, POM, PPE, Polyarylenethersulfone, polypropylene (PP) or their misery, wherein Polyamide, polyester, polypropylene and polycarbonates or misery, containing polyamide, polyester or polycarbonates as essential Component, are preferred.

Especially at least one is preferred in the molding compositions to be processed Polymer of the series polyester, polycarbonate, polypropylene or polyamide or misery of these thermoplastics with the above materials used.

In particular according to the invention Preferred polyamides are partially crystalline polyamides which starting from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and / or lactams with at least 5 ring members or corresponding amino acids can be produced. As educts come for it aliphatic and / or aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid, azelaic acid, Sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, aliphatic and / or aromatic diamines such. Tetramethylenediamine, Hexamethylenediamine, 1,9-nonanediamine, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, the isomeric diamino-dicyclohexylmethane, diaminodicyclohexylpropane, Bis-aminomethyl-cyclohexane, phenylenediamines, xylylenediamines, aminocarboxylic acids such as B. aminocaproic acid, or the corresponding lactams into consideration. Copolyamides of several of the monomers mentioned are locked in.

According to the invention preferred Polyamides are made from caprolactams, most preferably from ε-caprolactam and most on PA6, PA66 and other aliphatic and / or aromatic polyamides or copolyamide-based compounds, in which 3 to 11 methylene groups on a polyamide group in the polymer chain come, made.

To be used according to the invention partially crystalline polyamides can also be mixed with others Polyamides and / or other polymers are used.

The Polyamides can conventional additives such. B. mold release agents, Stabilizers and / or flow aids in the melt mixed or applied to the surface.

Also according to the invention preferably used polyesters are polyesters based on aromatic Dicarboxylic acids and an aliphatic or aromatic Dihydroxy compound.

A first group of preferred polyesters are polyalkylene terephthalates, especially those having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol part.

Such polyalkylene terephthalates are described in the literature. They contain an aromatic ring in the main chain derived from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid. The aromatic ring may also be substituted, for. Example by halogen such as chlorine and bromine or by C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, i- or n-propyl and n-, i- or t-butyl groups.

These Polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared by reaction of aromatic Dicarboxylic acids, their esters or other ester-forming Derivatives with aliphatic dihydroxy compounds prepared in a known manner become.

When preferred dicarboxylic acids are 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, Terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid or their To name mixtures. Up to 30 mol%, preferably not more than 10 mol% of the aromatic dicarboxylic acids can by aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, Dodecanedioic and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids be replaced.

Of the aliphatic dihydroxy compounds are diols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butadiol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and neopentyl glycol or mixtures thereof.

When particularly particularly preferred polyesters to be used are polyalkylene terephthalates, which are derived from alkanediols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, to name. Of these, in particular, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate or mixtures thereof. Farther preferred are PET and / or PBT, which up to 1 wt .-%, preferably up to 0.75% by weight of 1,6-hexanediol and / or 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediol as further monomer units.

The viscosity number of the polyesters preferably to be used according to the invention is generally in the range from 50 to 220, preferably from 8 to 160 (measured in a 0.5% strength by weight solution in a phenol / o-dichlorobenzene mixture (wt. 1 at 25 ° C) according to ISO 1628.

Particular preference is given to polyesters whose carboxyl end group content is up to 100 meq / kg, preferably up to 50 meq / kg and particularly preferably up to 40 meq / kg of polyester. Such polyesters can, for example, according to the method of DE-A 44 01 055 getting produced. The carboxyl end group content is usually determined by titration methods (eg potentiometry).

in the Traps of the use of polyester mixtures contain the molding compositions a mixture of polyester, so additionally polyester which are different from PBT, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

Farther It is advantageous recyclates such as PA recyclates or PET recyclate (also called scrap-PET) optionally mixed to use with polyalkylene terephthalates such as PBT.

• 1) sogenannte Post Industrial Rezyklate: hierbei handelt es sich um Produktionsabfalle bei der Polykondensation oder bei der Verarbeitung anfallende Angüsse bei der Spritzgussverarbeitung, Anfahrware bei der Spritzgussverarbeitung oder Extrusion oder Randabschnitte von extrudierten Platten oder Folien.
• 2) Post Consumer Rezyklate: hierbei handelt es sich um Kunststoffartikel, die nach der Nutzung durch den Endverbraucher gesammelt und aufbereitet werden. Der mengenmäßig bei weitem dominierende Artikel sind blasgeformte PET Flaschen für Mineralwasser, Softdrinks und Säfte.

Recyclates are generally understood as:

• 1) so-called post-industrial recyclates: these are production waste in the polycondensation or in the processing sprues in the injection molding, starting goods in the injection molding or extrusion or edge portions of extruded sheets or films.
• 2) Post Consumer Recyclates: These are plastic items that are collected and processed after use by the end user. By far the dominating items in terms of volume are blow-molded PET bottles for mineral water, soft drinks and juices.

Both Types of recyclate can either be used as regrind or in Form of granules are present. In the latter case, the tubes are recycled melted after separation and purification in an extruder and granulated. This is usually the handling, the flowability and the dosability for further processing steps facilitated.

Either granulated as well as regrind present recyclates can are used, the maximum edge length being 10 mm, preferably should be less than 8 mm.

by virtue of the hydrolytic cleavage of polyester during processing (by Traces of moisture), it is advisable to pre-dry the recyclate. The residual moisture content after drying is preferably <0.2%, in particular <0.05%.

When Another group preferably to be used polyester are fully aromatic To name polyester, which is derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic dihydroxy compounds.

When aromatic dicarboxylic acids are already in use the polyalkylene terephthalates described compounds. Prefers are mixtures of 5 to 100 mol% of isophthalic acid and 0 to 95 mol% terephthalic acid, in particular mixtures of about 80% terephthalic acid with 20% isophthalic acid to about equivalent mixtures of these two acids used.

in der
Z eine Alkylen- oder Cycloalkylengruppe mit bis zu 8 C-Atomen, eine Arylengruppe mit bis zu 12 C-Atomen, eine Carbonylgruppe, eine Sulfonylgruppe, ein Sauerstoff- oder Schwefelatom oder eine chemische Bindung darstellt und in der
m den Wert 0 bis 2 hat.The aromatic dihydroxy compounds preferably have the general formula

in the
Z represents an alkylene or cycloalkylene group having up to 8 carbon atoms, an arylene group having up to 12 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxygen or sulfur atom or a chemical bond and in the
m has the value 0 to 2.

The compounds may also carry C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl or alkoxy groups and fluorine, chlorine or bromine as substituents on the phenylene groups.

When The parent of these compounds are, for example, dihydroxydiphenyl, Di (hydroxyphenyl) alkane, di (hydroxyphenyl) cycloalkane, di (hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, Di (hydroxyphenyl) ether, di (hydroxyphenyl) ketone, di (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxide, α, α'-di (hydroxyphenyl) dialkylbenzene, Di (hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, di- (hydroxybenzene) benzene, resorcinol and Hydroquinone and their nuclear alkylated or nuclear halogenated derivatives called.

From these are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 2,4-di- (4'-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, α, α'-di- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -p-diisopropylbenzene, 2,2-di- (3'-methyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propane and 2,2-di (3'-chloro-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propane, and in particular 2,2-di (4'-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-di-phenone, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and 2,2-di (3 ', 5'-dimethyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propane or mixtures thereof are preferred.

Of course It is also possible to use mixtures of polyalkylene terephthalates and wholly aromatic polyesters inserting. These generally contain from 20 to 98% by weight of the Polyalkylene terephthalates and 2 to 80 wt .-% of wholly aromatic Polyester.

Of course, polyester block copolymers such as copolyetheresters may also be used. Such products are known and in the literature, for. B. in the US Pat. No. 3,651,014 , described. Also in the trade corresponding products are available, for. Hytrel ^® (DuPont).

worin
Q eine Einfachbindung, eine C₁- bis C₈-Alkylen-, eine C₁- bis C₃-Alkyliden-, eine C₃- bis C₆-Cycloalkylidengruppe, eine C₆- bis C₁₂-Arylengruppe sowie -O-, -S- oder -SO₂- bedeutet und m eine ganze Zahl von 0 bis 2 ist.Preferred materials to be used according to the invention are halogen-free polycarbonates according to the invention. Suitable halogen-free polycarbonates are, for example, those based on diphenols of the general formula

wherein
Q is a single bond, a C ₁ - to C ₈ -alkylene, a C ₁ - to C ₃ -alkylidene, a C ₃ - to C ₆ -cycloalkylidene, a C ₆ - to C ₁₂ -arylene and -O-, -S- or -SO ₂ - and m is an integer from 0 to 2.

The diphenols may also have substituents on the phenylene radicals, such as C ₁ - to C ₆ -alkyl or C ₁ - to C ₆ -alkoxy.

preferred Diphenols of the formula are, for example, hydroquinone, resorcinol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane. Particularly preferred are 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.

Either Homopolycarbonates as well as copolycarbonates are suitable, preferred are in addition to the bisphenol A homopolymer the copolycarbonates of Bisphenol A.

The suitable polycarbonates can be branched in a known manner be, preferably by the incorporation of 0.05 to 2.0 mol%, based on the sum of the diphenols used, at least trifunctional Compounds, for example those with three or more than three phenolic OH groups.

Polycarbonates which have proved to be particularly suitable have the relative viscosities η _{rel of} from 1.10 to 1.50, in particular from 1.25 to 1.40. This corresponds to average molecular weights M _w (weight average) of 10,000 to 200,000, preferably from 20,000 to 80,000 g / mol.

The Diphenols of the general formula are known or known Method to produce.

The polycarbonates can be prepared, for example, by reacting the diphenols with phosgene by the phase boundary process or with phosgene by the homogeneous phase process (the so-called pyridine process), the molecular weight to be set in each case being achieved in a known manner by a corresponding amount of known chain terminators. (For polydiorganosiloxane-containing polycarbonates, see for example DE-OS 33 34 782 ).

Suitable chain terminators are, for example, phenol, pt-butylphenol but also long-chain alkylphenols such as 4- (1,3-tetramethyl-butyl) -phenol, according to DE-OS 28 42 005 or monoalkylphenols or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 C atoms in the alkyl substituents according to DE-A 35 06 472 such as p-nonylphenyl, 3,5-di-t-butylphenol, pt-octylphenol, p-dodecylphenol, 2- (3,5-dimethylheptyl) -phenol and 4- (3,5-dimethylheptyl) -phenol.

halogen-free Polycarbonates in the sense of the present invention means that the polycarbonates of halogen-free diphenols, halogen-free chain terminators and optionally halogen-free branching agents are constructed, wherein the content of minor ppm amounts of saponifiable chlorine, resulting, for example, from the production of the polycarbonates with phosgene by the interfacial method, not is to be regarded as halogen-containing in the context of the invention. such Polycarbonates with ppm contents of saponifiable chlorine are halogen-free Polycarbonates in the context of the present invention.

Amorphous polyester carbonates may be mentioned as further thermoplastic polymers, with phosgene being replaced by aromatic dicarboxylic acid units, such as isophthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid units, during production. For more details at this point on the EP-A 0 711 810 directed.

Further suitable copolycarbonates with cycloalkyl radicals as monomer units are in EP-A 0 365 916 described.

Furthermore, bisphenol A can be replaced by bisphenol TMC. Such polycarbonates are available under the trademark APEC ^HT® from Bayer AG.

In particular according to the invention However, preference is given to the use of the above-described polyamides or Polyester or polypropylene.

Of the Gurtholm according to the invention is part of a Gurtintegralsitzes, which is also the subject of the present invention is. The present invention therefore also relates to a belt integral seat containing at least one Gurtholm of the type described above.

Further relates to the application benches containing at least a belt integral seat of the type described above and vehicles the at least one Gurtintegralsitz of the type described above or the use of the belt integral seat of the above-described Type of equipment for benches in vehicles.

Prefers contains an inventive Gurtintegralsitz in addition to the Gurtholm at least one part of Row of front cross members, rear cross member, Upper cross member, headrest, reinforcing profile for Connection to the rear cross member, seat foot, Seat shell, attachment point buckle, attachment point for Belt deflection basin, belt deflection top, belt roller or retractor, Mounting point belt roller, fastening armrest, plastic ribs, Kunststoffumspritzung, webbing, plastic edge molding and / or Plastic through injection point.

Preferably, the Gurtintegralsitz modular is constructed to make it 1, 2, n'er benches from the same seats and in principle the same Gurtholmen. In this case, the belt is preferred as se installable component mountable (attachable).

invention Belt integral seats can therefore be used in vehicles of all kinds be installed, preferably in cars, trucks, buses, trains or Aircraft such as aircraft.

Due to the embodiment of the invention Gurtholms as part of a Gurtintegralsitzes one can eliminate the commonly used massive plate reinforcement in the bend and the buckle and go back from a hollow profile to an open, overmolded U-profile with a smaller wall thickness. The weight is reduced in this way by at least 20% (but usually more) per Gurtholm. In addition to the cost-effective solution, the lower weight of the entire vehicle leads to the possibility of higher payload and / or lower CO ₂ emissions of the vehicle equipped in this way itself, which is why the present invention also preferred a method for reducing the CO ₂ emissions of vehicles Passenger cars, trucks, buses, trains or aircraft, concerns, characterized in that they are equipped with Gurtintegralsitzen the type described above.

It Not only is it possible that the hybrid belt from at least two deep-drawn, thin-walled (eg 0.5 to 2.0 mm) and stamped, nested, nested, stacked, or clipped sheet metal profiles (ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals and their alloys), but also by or in combination with fiber-reinforced (with short, long or continuous fiber) Plastics of all kinds and / or organic materials (eg wood) and / or thermoset composite materials.

Description (Gurtholm) - see 1 to 9

Two deep-drawn and punched sheet metal profiles are in an injection mold inserted and overmoulded with plastic. The sheet metal profiles overlap in the area of the bend and are pushed into each other or stacked. Common breakthroughs (preferred with through-put Edges) at an identical position, through which the plastic through and over the surfaces of the breakthroughs addition, effect a solid composite of the metal profiles with each other. The additional reinforcing ribs consist of molded plastic. They are over at discrete junctions Breakthroughs in the metal profile, through which the plastic through and over the surfaces of the breakthroughs extends to this firmly connected. They support the sheet metal structure in case of overload (eg crash) and prevent premature Collapse of the sheet metal structure.

1 shows three Gurtholme invention as part of a 2-seat.

2 shows a Gurtholm invention from below with a view of the rib structure and a Holmferse in the region of the bend of Gurtholms.

3 shows the lying in the U-shaped metal profiles plastic ribbing.

4 shows in the supervision of the belt on two telescoped sheet metal profiles, wherein the overlap region is shown hatched / marbled. On the side is the tube as part of the handlebar heel (not visible) for attaching the buckle (for Holmferse see 6 ).

5 shows the Gurtholm from the side with the in the area of the rear cross profile mounted from below Holmferse.

6 shows the example of a Holmferse.

7 shows a modified embodiment of a Holmferse.

8th shows separately from each other two profile sheets of Gurtholms, a plastic rib structure, which serves the reinforcement, the sheets, as well as a Holmferse the Gurtholms.

9 shows a possible connection between a Holmferse and two spar profiles.

1 shows a structure of a vehicle bench with a total of two seats 1 and three belt hollows 2 , The structure includes a front cross member 3 , a rear cross member 4 , an upper cross member 5 , two bases 6 on two rails 7 are slidably mounted.

2 shows a rear view of a Gurtholms with plastic stiffening ribs 8th . which are located within the U-profile of the two profile sheets. The illustrated stiffening ribs do not run uniformly according to load-optimized rib formation. In the area of the bend of the L-shaped Gurtholms a Holmferse is attached. The Holmferse is an additional component, which additionally reinforces the area of the bend. The Holmferse includes a sheet metal 9 with a hole 10 in order to fasten the handlebar leg to the structure of the seat by means of a screw or rivet, namely on the rear crossbar 4 , The strut also has a to the sheet 9 welded pipe 11 on. The pipe 11 serves to attach a buckle. If forces are exerted on the buckle, these are applied over the plate 9 passed on to the seat structure, which relieves the already in the event of an accident particularly heavily loaded area of the bend.

3 shows the structure of the stiffening ribs from the front. In 3 The profile sheets are not shown to allow a view of the stiffening ribs.

4 shows the two nested profile sheets 12 and 13 Gurtholms and the double-walled and thus reinforced area of the bend 14 , The profile sheets have a variety of holes 15 on, passes through the molded plastic, so as to connect the plastic structure with the sheet metal profiles form-fitting manner. In the reinforced area 14 The plastic passes through two superposed holes and surrounds the holes on both sides, so that so the two sheet metal profiles 12 and 13 be firmly connected with each other.

The predominantly approximately perpendicular sheet metal profile 13 preferably has a greater wall thickness compared to the predominantly approximately horizontally extending sheet metal profile 12 on, because the sheet metal profile 13 in the case of an accident is usually more heavily loaded. Depending on the loads occurring but can also be approximately perpendicular sheet metal profile 13 be thinner than the other sheet profile.

In Embodiment of the invention, the sheet metal profiles Sheet metal blanks made of different grades of material and / or sheet thicknesses are composed (known under the name "Tailored Blank "). This prefabricated semi-finished product is subsequently z. B. reshaped by deep drawing to the desired metal profile. These sheet metal profiles are then designed in particular so that the nested area additionally reinforced is because, for example, the respective sheet thickness of a sheet metal profile thicker in this area is compared to outside lying areas. Tailored Rolled are particularly preferred Blank (TRB) is used as a prefabricated semi-finished product to make sheet metal profiles to manufacture, due to an increasing. Thickness in the telescoped Area are particularly reinforced. As with these semi-finished products the transition between two thicknesses runs homogeneously, These are particularly well suited to loads in the nested Suitable area to be grown.

Preferably, the two sheet metal profiles additionally comprise one or two corrugations which are curved in front and inwards 16 . 17 which additionally helps to stiffen the two U-shaped profiles properly. But such beads can also be curved downwards and backwards to stabilize suitable.

5 shows in addition to 4 the handlebar mount in the installed state. The in the 4 and 5 shown location corresponds to the location, if they are installed in a vehicle.

6 shows the Holmferse as a separate component. The sheet metal of the sparring comprises a laterally high enclosing surface 18 , which encloses the corresponding area of the two sheet-metal profiles, in order to achieve dimensional stability under load. The Holmferse example, with a screw from below preferably on the rear cross member 4 attached. That's why the hole is 10 available. At the front, the two lateral tabs of the spar profile are changed after adding the ribbing. The connection to the front cross section is preferably from below. For this purpose, in a screw solution, an injected or inserted nut or another threaded element can be located under the two overlapping tabs. The connection to the upper cross member can be done by screws, rivets, gluing or other suitable joining techniques. In this case, both the spar profile and only the plastic spar can be used to make the connection. The sheet metal of the sparring has protruding beads 19 which in addition contribute to the area of the flexion 14 suitable to reinforce. The sheet metal of the spar head is in particular a stamped and bent part, which can then be produced very easily.

7 shows another embodiment of a Holmferse. This sparring is in the installed state between the upstanding flaps of the spar profiles. The tabs of the spar profiles point each side of the wall thickness of the upper and the lower spar profiles and are completely enclosed under the handlebar heel.

In the 9 used reference numerals 1 - 4 denote other components than the reference numerals 1 to 4 that were previously used. Incidentally, the same reference numerals designate the same components.

1

inneres Holmprofil

2

äußeres Holmprofil

3

Mutter

4

Holmferse

Explanations to the drawing figure 9

1

inner rail profile

2

outer rail profile

3

mother

4

Holm heel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19705603 A1 [0005]
• - EP 0370342 A [0006]
• - EP 1287972 A1 [0010]
• - WO 2007/128395 A2 [0012]
• WO 2008/009268 A2 [0013]
• - EP 1380493 A2 [0037]
• WO 2004/071741 [0037]
• - DE 4401055 A [0052]
• US 3651014A [0066]
• - DE 3334782 A [0074]
• - DE 2842005 A [0075]
• - DE 3506472 A [0075]
• - EP 0711810 A [0077]
• EP 0365916A [0078]

Cited non-patent literature

• - Brochure Auto Creative: Innovative system solutions with Bayer materials for the automotive industry, issue July 2000, page 27 [0007]
• - Plastic Paperback (Ed. Saechtling), Edition 1989 [0037]
• - ISO 1628. [0051]

Claims (14)

Gurtholm from at least two sheet metal profiles, characterized gekennzichnet that the sheet metal profiles are partially pushed together. Belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles are pushed into one another in such a way are that the Gurtholm is L-shaped and the area of Bend of L's is reinforced. Belt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles with plastic ribs are reinforced. Belt according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the nested one another Sheet metal profiles welded together punctiform are. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles by a snap-in connection are connected to each other. Gurtholm according to the previous one Claims, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles have a U-shape. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles thin-walled are. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that this in the field the bend of an L-shape has a handlebar heel, of which the buckle is fastened, wherein the spar of the attachment to the seat structure a seat serves. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the sheet metal profiles Steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, steel alloys, magnesium, Titanium or glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastics are made. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that plastics the group polyamides, vinylaromatic polymers, ASA, ABS, SAN polymers, POM, PPE, polyarylene ether sulfones, polypropylene (PP) or their blends are used. Gurtholm according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that two sheet metal profiles Gurtholm connected by overmolded plastic are. Gurtintegralsitz containing at least one Gurtholm according to the preceding claims. Belt integral seat according to the preceding Claim, characterized in that this addition to the belt, at least one part of the series of front cross members, rear cross member, upper cross member, headrest, Reinforcing profile for connection to the rear cross member, Seat base, seat shell, attachment point buckle, attachment point for belt deflection basin, belt deflection top, belt roller, attachment point Belt roller, fixing armrest, plastic ribs, plastic encapsulation, Webbing, plastic edge coating or plastic injection point contains. Use of the belt integral seat according to a the two preceding claims to the equipment of individual seats or benches in land, sea and air vehicles.