DE202008009281U1 - crane - Google Patents

Abstract

Crane, in particular crawler crane or mobile crane, with an undercarriage, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation and a main boom, which is pivoted on the superstructure about a horizontal rocking axis, and with a guying device for unstrapping the main boom, which is a derrick. Boom arrangement comprises, characterized in that at least two separate derrick ballast elements are attached to the derrick boom arrangement at least two spaced apart attachment points.

Description

The The present invention relates to a crane, in particular a crawler crane or mobile crane, with one undercarriage, one on the undercarriage around one vertical axis of rotation rotatably arranged upper carriage and a main boom, which articulated on the superstructure about a horizontal rocking axis is, as well as a guying device for unclamping the main boom, which comprises a derrick boom arrangement.

at Cranes, especially on caterpillar or mobile cranes, it is already known to increase the load over the main boom to additionally stabilize a guying device. at Mobile cranes with telescopic boom, it is known, guy supports to arrange on Anlenkschuß or on the superstructure, about which is an upper or lateral bracing of the boom. The bracing is usually done via Ropes, which are stretched over winches, for example. Also, it is already known, the bracing over the on To bias uppercarriage arranged ballast.

Furthermore, cranes use Derrick outriggers to increase the maximum possible lifting capacity. The derrick boom is usually pivotally articulated on the uppercarriage in the rocker plane of the main boom and clamped to the main boom. On the derrick boom is then attached a derrick ballast element which, unlike the ballast elements arranged on the superstructure, is suspended freely at an attachment point of the derrick boom. Furthermore, it is off DE 20 2005 009 317 U1 a derrick boom assembly with two derrick jibs, which alternatively can be used for side jibing of the main boom or - in a rearwardly extended position - as a derrick boom with a derrick ballast element. The bracing of the main boom is no longer optimal in this solution in derrick operation.

Around To move the derrick ballast elements, these can be raised so as to enable a hovering transport. However, the Derrick ballast elements should, for safety reasons only slightly raised from the ground, so behind stay in the crane. In known Derrick cantilevers is a method of crane or turning the superstructure with hovering Derrick ballast therefore only possible if at the same time a load is attached to the crane. Without the load as a counterweight To derrick ballast would be moving the crane or turning it the superstructure, however, not possible because the focus the construction of boom, derrick bracing and derrick ballast without the load outside the support surface the crane would be arranged. But the ballast can also according to a known alternative embodiment be carried by a ballast wagon.

task The present invention is therefore a crane with an improved Derrick boom assembly to provide. Especially intended thereby an improved bracing of the main boom as well improved mobility of the crane can be achieved.

These The object is achieved by a crane solved according to claim 1. The inventive Crane, in particular a movable crane, in particular a crawler crane or a mobile crane, has an undercarriage, one on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation rotatably mounted uppercarriage and a Main boom, which on the superstructure about a horizontal rocking axis is pivoted gewippbar. Furthermore, a guying device for bracing the main boom, which is a derrick boom arrangement includes. According to the invention, it is provided that on the derrick boom assembly two separate derrick ballast elements attached to two spaced apart attachment points are. Due to the two spaced attachment points, attached to each one a derrick ballast element improved lateral bracing of the main boom is made possible so that just the big strokes with steep Main boom occurring high lateral forces better over the guying device can be accommodated. moreover allow the two separate derrick ballast elements easier handling of the crane and / or turning of the superstructure with attached derrick ballast elements, because of the Division of the Derrick ballast into at least two separate Derrick ballast elements these are no longer arranged in the rocker plane of the main boom Need to become. This allows the derrick ballast elements be positioned so that improved mobility and / or rotation while increasing lateral stability of the Hauptauslegers is provided.

The derrick ballast elements (and accordingly the attachment points for the derrick ballast elements) are advantageously arranged laterally of the lower and / or upper carriage or can be arranged. In particular, the derrick ballast elements (and accordingly the attachment points for the derrick ballast elements) are advantageously arranged laterally of the support surface of the crane or can be arranged. As a result, the center of gravity of the boom assembly is also without an attached load within the support surface, so that the crane with attached derrick ballast elements is movable or rotatable. The two Derrick ballast elements (and accordingly the attachment points for the Der Rick ballast elements) are arranged with respect to the rocker plane of the main boom on opposite sides. Unlike in the prior art, the distance of the derrick ballast from the axis of rotation of the superstructure is no longer limited by the inventive lateral arrangement of the two derrick ballast elements to the front by the length of the superstructure. In addition, by such an arrangement, secure lateral bracing of the main boom is combined with the benefits of derrick bracing.

advantageously, In this case, the attachment points are arranged next to the undercarriage or can be arranged that the crane with at the attachment points attached derrick ballast elements are moved can. In particular, the derrick ballast elements must arranged next to the chassis of the undercarriage and / or can be arranged. Further advantageously, the attachment points so outside the turning circle of the lower and / or upper carriage arranged or can be arranged so that the superstructure with attached at the attachment points Derrick ballast elements can be rotated.

advantageously, is still the distance of the connecting line of the two attachment points to the axis of rotation of the superstructure in particular by pivoting the Derrick boom arrangement changeable. This can the leverage of the Derrick ballast, which from this distance is dependent, be changed, with what that through The Derrick ballast in the crane introduced torque on the can be adjusted on the crane attached load. Especially It is also possible, the common focus the two derrick ballast elements so close to the axis of rotation of the superstructure to position the center of gravity of the crane even without an attached load within the stand area the crane is positioned. Changing the distance the connecting line of the two attachment points to the axis of rotation The superstructure is characterized by the lateral arrangement of the Derrick ballast elements allows, which on both sides of the superstructure be moved forward or backward. This is also without a load as a counterweight a method of the crane and / or a Turning the superstructure with attached Derrick ballast elements is possible.

advantageously, if the attachment points are arranged or arrangeable, that the mobility and / or rotation of the crane for different from states of the connecting line of the two Attachment points to the axis of rotation of the superstructure available stands. Advantageously, the mobility and / or Rotatability in a first position of the attachment points, in which the distance of the connecting line to the axis of rotation is minimal and advantageously substantially zero, and a second one Position of the attachment points, in which the distance of the connecting line to the axis of rotation is maximum, given. Further advantageously is the traversability and / or rotation over the whole Adjusting the derrick ballast elements given.

advantageously, are the attachment points according to the invention arranged on both sides of the rocker plane of the main boom so or arrange that their connecting line perpendicular to the seesaw level is. As a result, a symmetrical bracing with uniform load of the crane allows. Advantageously, this is the distance between the two attachment points greater than the width of the undercarriage and / or the size of the support surface, so that the mobility of the crane and / or the rotation ensured by the superstructure with attached derrick ballast element is.

Farther Advantageously, the derrick boom assembly has a transverse connection between the two attachment points. This cross connection Can the loads, which are separated by the two, from each other spaced attachment points on the Derrick ballast assembly be exercised. The cross connection runs here advantageously substantially perpendicular to the rocker plane of the main boom. In particular, the cross connection can thereby tensile forces, which by the two separate derrick ballast elements on the derrick boom assembly be exercised. The cross connection can be executed as an integral part of the Derrick boom assembly be, or releasably connectable with this.

advantageously, According to the invention, the attachment points when changing the distance of their connecting line to the axis of rotation of the superstructure in each case in a plane which is parallel to the rocker plane, moves. This is the quality the side bracing of the main boom is not affected by that the distance of the attachment points to the axis of rotation of the upper carriage is increased or decreased. This allows the flexible setting of Lever torque of the Derrick ballast elements with a safe lateral bracing link.

advantageously, has the derrick boom arrangement according to the invention while one or more derrick boom, which on the superstructure are pivoted about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis runs parallel to the luffing axis of the main boom. By such articulation is ensured that the spaced apart Attachment points on the derrick boom assembly respectively can be moved in planes, which are parallel to the rocker plane run.

advantageously, is according to the invention the length of the guy between the derrick boom assembly and the main boom one or more drives, in particular winches, changeable. As a result, the main boom can be changed by the length of the guy between derrick boom assembly and rock the main boom up and down.

Farther Advantageously, a guy between Derrick boom arrangement and superstructure provided, the length of which is variable is. As a result, the rocking angle of the derrick boom arrangement can be over adjust the length of this guy. advantageously, is the length of the guy between Derrick boom arrangement and superstructure over one or more drives, in particular Winches, changeable to the Derrick boom arrangement to pivot opposite to the superstructure. Alternatively, however, can also a hydraulic cylinder between the superstructure and the Derrick boom arrangement be provided, over which the derrick boom arrangement is pivotable.

Farther Advantageously, power lift are provided, via which the derrick ballast elements are liftable. About this power lift can be lifted so the derrick ballast elements so that the crane with floating derrick ballast elements can be moved or rotated. Nevertheless, the Derrick ballast elements kept very close to the ground.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the present invention The Derrick boom arrangement while two V-shaped hinged to the uppercarriage Outrigger, which connected via a cross connection are. The two derrick booms make this a special simple construction of the Derrick boom arrangement. advantageously, runs the pivot axis of the respective boom here parallel to the luffing axis of the main boom. It is advantageous at each of the two outriggers an attachment point for a derrick ballast element provided. The cross connection then decreases between the arms in a plane perpendicular to the rocker plane occurring lateral forces.

alternative The derrick boom arrangement can also be one in the rocker plane having pivotable boom, which is a perpendicular to the rocker plane carries running transverse element. On the cross element are then the attachment points correspond to the attachment the derrick ballast elements provided. This also results a stable and simple construction. In this case, the boom for Example, the shape of a T's whose crossbar of the Cross element is formed. Furthermore, printing or Tie rods to stabilize the cross member may be provided.

The The present invention further includes a derrick boom assembly for a crane, as described above. Obviously has such a Derrick cantilever arrangement the same Advantages on how they according to the invention the crane were described.

The The present invention will now be described by means of exemplary embodiments and drawings are shown in more detail.

there demonstrate:

1 a first embodiment of the crane according to the invention in a rear view,

2 the embodiment of the crane according to the invention in a plan view,

3 the embodiment of the crane according to the invention in a further plan view, and

4a to 4c three alternative embodiments of the derrick boom arrangement according to the invention.

In 1 an embodiment of the crane according to the invention is shown, in which it is a crawler crane with an undercarriage 1 on which a superstructure 2 around the vertical axis of rotation 3 is rotatably arranged acts. On the undercarriage 1 In this case, a chassis is arranged for moving the crane, in this case a crawler chassis. Furthermore, a main boom 4 provided, which on the superstructure about a horizontal rocking axis 10 is hinged up and tipped off in a vertical rocker plane.

The main boom is guyed over a derrick boom arrangement, which derrick boom 5 and 6 which hinged to the superstructure and a Wippverseilung 13 and 14 with the main boom 4 are tense. The Derrick boom arrangement in this case has two spaced attachment points 25 and 26 for attaching two separate derrick ballast elements 7 and 8th on. At the attachment point 25 is about the connection 20 the first derrick ballast element 7 appended, this being in crane operation directly below the Anhängpunktes 25 located outside the footprint of the crane. In the same way is at the attachment point 26 about the connection 19 a second derrick ballast element 8th attached, which is also below the Anhängpunktes in crane operation 26 outside the floor space of Kra is located. The two attachment points 25 and 26 are located on the side of the crane on gegenüberlie ing sides of the rocker plane of the main boom 4 , what a 1 perpendicular to the image plane through the main boom 4 runs. This will be the main boom 4 over the derrick bracing and laterally braced. To absorb the forces occurring here transversely to the rocker plane, is a cross connection 12 between the two attachment points 25 and 26 intended. The connecting line between the attachment points 25 and 26 and the cross connection 12 stand perpendicular to the rocker plane of the main boom 4 ,

The distance of the attachment points 25 and 26 to the rocker level of the main boom 4 is so big that the attached ballast elements 7 and 8th located next to the undercarriage and outside the turning circle of the support base of the crane. As a result, the crane can move or the superstructure 2 with attached ballast elements 7 and 8th to be turned around. For this purpose, the distance between the two attachment points 25 and 26 advantageously larger than the width B of the support base plus the corresponding dimension of the ballast elements 7 and 8th further advantageously larger than the diagonal dimension of the support base plus the corresponding dimension of the derrick ballast elements.

As is usual with derrick booms, the derrick ballast is on the opposite side of the main boom from the axis of rotation 3 of the superstructure attached to the derrick boom assembly so that it exerts a torque on the crane, which is that of the load on the main boom 4 is opposite to the torque exerted on the crane. The connecting line between the attachment points 25 and 26 , on which the common center of gravity of the two derrick ballast elements lies, is thus behind the axis of rotation 3 the superstructure arranged. According to the invention is the distance of the connecting line to the axis of rotation 3 changeable, so as to be able to change the lever arm, which is generated by the derrick boom. These are the Derrick boom 5 and 6 via a parallel to the rocking axis 10 of the main boom 4 extending pivot axis 9 hinged on the superstructure. The longitudinal axis of the boom 5 and 6 runs at an acute angle to the rocker plane of the main boom 4 , so that a V-shaped arrangement of the two derrick boom 5 and 6 results.

How out 2 can be seen, while the attachment points of the ballast element 7 and 8th when pivoting the boom 5 and 6 along the plains 16 and 17 moved, which parallel to rocker plane 15 of the main boom 4 run. Due to the lateral arrangement of the two ballast elements, they can thus be seen from a front position, in which the connecting line of the two attachment points 25 and 26 close to the axis of rotation 3 of the upper carriage is moved to a rear position in which results in a large lever arm. Over the entire adjustment are the Derrick ballast elements 7 and 8th doing so outside the turning circle of the support base of the crane, so that the rotatability of the superstructure remains ensured.

The advantage to a conventional Derrick ballast element, as in 2 dashed lines shown for comparison, it is obvious: there is a rotatability of the superstructure is only given in a position in which the ballast element 30 a large distance to the axis of rotation 3 which results in a large lever arm. By contrast, the lever arm of the derrick layout arrangement can be freely adjusted by the present invention, without restricting the rotatability of the superstructure.

3 shows again the split V-shaped Derrick boom arrangement with the derrick arms 5 and 6 which each tiltable about a horizontal axis 9 are articulated on the uppercarriage. This is a Wippverseilung 13 and 14 between the Derrick outliers 5 and 6 and the main boom 4 provided about which of the main boom 4 can be tilted. Furthermore, a Wippverseilung 21 and 22 intended for the derrick boom, which between the superstructure 2 and the derrick cantilevers. The bending of the two derrick booms can be achieved by changing the length of the tipping stranding 21 and 22 take place, for which advantageously winches are provided. Alternatively, the Verwipp the derrick boom via hydraulic cylinder is conceivable.

A controller ensures a synchronous adjustment of the two derrick booms. Thus, the distance of the articulation points remains 25 and 26 at the two derrick arms equal, while the articulation points in parallel planes 16 . 17 to the seesaw level 15 of the main boom. The tips of the derrick boom are over the cross connection 12 connected, which is advantageously designed as a pressure and / or tension rod.

On both derrick booms is about the connections 19 respectively. 20 a derrick ballast element 7 respectively 8th attached. The distance between ballast and attachment point is variable via power lift. When rotating the superstructure with floating derrick ballast elements, it is advantageous to lift the derrick ballast elements only very slightly from the ground. This immediately provides support through the ground if, for example, the load breaks off. This prevents a dangerous tilting back of the crane. Due to the inventive use of two Derrick ballast elements, it is still possible to Rotate the uppercarriage by 360 °, as these can be arranged outside the support base of the crane or the turning radius of the undercarriage.

Also, the connection of the derrick boom with the main boom 4 over the rocker stranding 13 and 14 is variable in length. For this purpose, a drive in the form of winches is provided, where advantageously a separate drive is provided on each derrick boom. Here, too, the controller ensures synchronous operation.

In operation, each Derrick boom is positioned over the guy by the Derrick ballast (a standard fallback safeguard is available). The power in the connection 19 and 20 between the attachment points on the derrick arms and the respective ballast elements is thereby measured and fed to the controller. Exceeds the difference between those in the compounds 19 and 20 measured forces a defined limit, for example, 10%, so there is a warning or switching off the movement.

The main boom can over the variable-length connection 13 and 14 be tapped on or off. If a large load is picked up by the boom, the derrick ballast can lift off the ground. It creates a balance between load torque and ballast torque, with the center of gravity is within the length of the support base L of the crane. In this state, the crane is movable. The size of the ballast torque can be determined by the position of the attachment points by rocking the two derrick booms over the stranding 21 and 22 to be changed. The leverage of the derrick boom is set by the distance between the connecting line of the two attachment points to the axis of rotation of the superstructure. If it is intended to move or rotate the crane without load, but with attached ballast weights, the derrick boom can be tilted forward with the derrick ballast elements. This shifts the center of gravity until it finally lies within the footprint of the crane. Since the overall system of Derrick boom and ballast elements is symmetrical, the overall center of gravity lies 18 always on the axle of the superstructure. Alternatively, of course, the crane could be moved until the ballast stacks have reached the desired position and are then picked up by the derrick arms.

By pivoting the derrick boom assembly, the radius of rotation of the crane or the superstructure is not increased. The two ballast elements 7 and 8th can be arranged as close as possible to the center of rotation, so that the inner turning radii Ri of the two ballast elements are only slightly larger than the diagonal dimension of the caterpillar. As a result, the outer radius of rotation Ra of the ballast elements for such positions in which the arms are flipped up and the lever of the derrick cantilever is so low, kept low. As a result, the required working space of the crane is not unnecessarily increased. Only when the derrick boom is deflected further back to increase the lever arm and pick up a load, increases the radius Ra and increases the space requirement.

However, the increased space requirement is compensated by the good lateral stability of the boom, as well as with large deflections of the derrick boom arrangement with correspondingly large leverage continued good lateral tension is ensured by the spaced apart attachment points of the derrick ballast elements. The boom is above the tipping stranding 13 . 14 not only tapped in the seesaw level. Rather, the bracing also brings symmetrical spatial forces in the main boom. Due to the spatial bracing of the main boom 4 Also lateral forces acting on the main boom can be absorbed via the bracing of the derrick arrangement. As a result, the main boom is centered in the rocker plane, which significantly higher loads are possible. Particular advantages result in steep arrangements of the main boom.

In 4a to 4c are alternative versions of the in 1 to 3 shown embodiment of the invention Derrick boom arrangement shown. In this case, a single derrick boom is provided, which is parallel to the rocking axis about a 10 the main boom arranged pivot axis 9 is hinged to the superstructure, the derrick boom now in the rocker plane of the main boom 4 is movable. To the inventively spaced two lateral attachment points 25 and 26 to provide is a cross connection 27 provided, which is perpendicular to the rocker plane and at the ends of the attachment points are provided. 4a shows a derrick boom in the form of a T, with a longitudinal beam 31 and the cross connection 27 , Furthermore, the cross connection 27 , as in 4b shown by push rods 28 be supported. Alternatively or additionally, as in 4c shown, train connections 29 be provided.

The present invention thus enables the use of two separate derrick ballast elements with spaced apart attachment points both a flexible and stable bracing of the main boom, as well as a good traversability and rotatability of the crane, especially without a load would be attached to the crane. The two ballast elements are no longer as in the prior art, arranged in the rocking plane, but with a certain distance to the rocker plane of the main boom side of the crane. Thereby, the leverage of the derrick boom assembly can be changed by moving the derrick ballast members laterally or rearwardly beside the crane's support base.

According to the invention the present invention particularly advantageously used mobile cranes, especially for crawler cranes. A Use with mobile cranes is also conceivable.

1

undercarriage

2

superstructure

3

axis of rotation superstructure

4

main boom

5

derrick 1

6

derrick 2

7

Derrickballastelement 1

8th

Derrickballastelement 2

9

rocking axis derrick

10

rocking axis main boom

12

cross connection

13

Wippverseilung main boom

14

Wippverseilung main boom

15

luffing plane main boom

16

luffing plane Attachment point 1

17

luffing plane Attachment point 2

18

main emphasis derrick

19

connection of derrick boom 2 and derrick ballast element 2

20

connection of derrick 1 and derrick ballast element 1

21

Wippverseilung Derrickausleger 1

22

Wippverseilung Derrickausleger 2

25

Anhängpunkt Derrick ballast element 1

26

Anhängpunkt Derrickballast element 2

30

Derrick ballast element According to the state of the art

40

ground

B

width support base

L

length support base

D

Diagonal measure of Caterpillar

Ri

internal Swing radius of Derrick ballast elements

Ra

outer Swing radius of the Derrik ballast elements

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 202005009317 U1 [0003]

Claims (14)

Crane, in particular crawler crane or mobile crane, with an undercarriage, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation and a main boom, which is pivoted on the superstructure about a horizontal rocking axis, and with a guying device for unstrapping the main boom, which is a derrick. Boom arrangement comprises, characterized in that at least two separate derrick ballast elements are attached to the derrick boom arrangement at least two spaced apart attachment points. Crane according to claim 1, wherein the derrick ballast elements arranged or arranged laterally of the lower and / or upper carriage are. Crane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance of Connecting line of the two attachment points to the axis of rotation the superstructure changeable in particular via a pivoting of the derrick boom arrangement is. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, where the attachment points on both sides of the rocker plane of the main boom are arranged or arranged so that their Connecting line is perpendicular to the rocker plane. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the derrick boom assembly has a cross connection between has the two attachment points. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, the attachment points in the change of Distance between their connecting line to the axis of rotation of the superstructure respectively in a plane which runs parallel to the rocker plane, to be moved. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the derrick boom assembly comprises one or more derrick booms has, which pivoted on the upper carriage about a pivot axis are, wherein the pivot axis parallel to the rocking axis of the main boom runs. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, the length of the guy between the derrick boom assembly and the main boom over one or more drives, especially winds, is changeable. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a guy between derrick boom arrangement and superstructure is provided, the length of which is variable. A crane according to claim 9, wherein the length is guy tension between derrick boom assembly and superstructure above one or more drives, in particular winches, changeable is to the derrick boom arrangement opposite the superstructure to pivot. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, with power lifters for lifting the derrick ballast elements. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, the derrick boom arrangement being two V-shaped on the uppercarriage hinged boom, which via a cross-connection are connected. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the derrick boom arrangement pivotable in the rocker plane Boom which has a perpendicular to the rocker plane Transverse element carries. Derrick boom arrangement for a crane behind one of the preceding claims.