DE202004008829U1 - Optoelectronic absolute angle indicator has a fine positioning track and shutter arrangement that permit maximization of the angular resolution - Google Patents
Optoelectronic absolute angle indicator has a fine positioning track and shutter arrangement that permit maximization of the angular resolution Download PDFInfo
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- DE202004008829U1 DE202004008829U1 DE202004008829U DE202004008829U DE202004008829U1 DE 202004008829 U1 DE202004008829 U1 DE 202004008829U1 DE 202004008829 U DE202004008829 U DE 202004008829U DE 202004008829 U DE202004008829 U DE 202004008829U DE 202004008829 U1 DE202004008829 U1 DE 202004008829U1
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- fine position
- optoelectronic
- track
- fine
- absolute angle
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- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/14—Conversion in steps with each step involving the same or a different conversion means and delivering more than one bit
- H03M1/143—Conversion in steps with each step involving the same or a different conversion means and delivering more than one bit in pattern-reading type converters, e.g. having both absolute and incremental tracks on one disc or strip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34776—Absolute encoders with analogue or digital scales
- G01D5/34792—Absolute encoders with analogue or digital scales with only digital scales or both digital and incremental scales
- G01D5/34794—Optical encoders using the Vernier principle, i.e. incorporating two or more tracks having a (n, n+1, ...) relationship
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/22—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
- H03M1/24—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip
- H03M1/26—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with weighted coding, i.e. the weight given to a digit depends on the position of the digit within the block or code word, e.g. there is a given radix and the weights are powers of this radix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/22—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
- H03M1/24—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip
- H03M1/28—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding
- H03M1/30—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding incremental
- H03M1/301—Constructional details of parts relevant to the encoding mechanism, e.g. pattern carriers, pattern sensors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Der Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein optoelektronischer Absolut-Winkelgeber mit erhöhter Auflösung auf Grund der lokalen Detektierung der Verhältnisse dunkler und heller Felder.The object of the invention is an optoelectronic absolute angle encoder with increased resolution Due to the local detection of the conditions darker and lighter Fields.
Die moderne Industrie verwendet die meßtechnischen Anlagen immer mehr ausgebreiteter. Diesem Trend paßt sich die schnelle Verbreitung der hochauflösenden optoelektronischen Absolut-Winkelgeber im Bereich der Fertigungs- und Montagenautomaten, Werkzeugmaschinen, Industrieroboter, Fahrzeuge und Positionierungsantriebe.Modern industry uses that metrological Investments more and more spread. This trend fits the rapid spread of high-resolution optoelectronic absolute angle encoders in the area of manufacturing and assembly machines, machine tools, Industrial robots, vehicles and positioning drives.
Nach dem Stand der Technik besteht ein hochauflösender optoelektronischer Absolut-Winkelgeber aus den folgenden grundsätzlichen Teilen: drehende Welle, zu der Welle befestigte Kodierscheibe, Lichtquelle (Led), optoelektrischer Sensor, Blende, eventuell Optik, Bearbeitungselektronik. Die Welle leitet den Drehungswinkel in die Meßeinrichtung weiter, sie dreht die Kodierscheibe an. Das Licht der Lichtquelle leuchtet im allgemeinen die Kodierscheibe durch, das danach in den für das Messen der Licht-Schatten-Verhältnisse geeigneten Sensor gelangt, dessen Signal die Bearbeitungselektronik in jeder Winkelposition in einen absoluten Winkelkode, also in eine Bitreihe umgestaltet. Auf dem Umfang der Kodierscheibe gibt es im allgemeinen sogenannte Gray-Kode-Spuren, die von außen nach innen in Ringen geordnet und für die Detektierung der absoluten Winkelpositionen geeignet sind. In der Verwendung ausschließlich nach Gray-Kodierung ermöglichen „n" Spuren 2n getrennte absolute Winkelkodes zu erzeugen (z. B.: 13 Spuren erzeugen 213 =8192 Kodes in einer Umdrehung). Die Auflösung des Meßgerätes hängt nur von der Auflösung der Kodierscheibe ab.According to the state of the art, a high-resolution optoelectronic absolute angle encoder consists of the following basic parts: rotating shaft, coding disk attached to the shaft, light source (Led), optoelectric sensor, aperture, possibly optics, processing electronics. The shaft transmits the angle of rotation into the measuring device, it turns the encoder disk. The light from the light source generally shines through the coding disk, which then arrives in the sensor suitable for measuring the light-shadow ratios, the signal of which the processing electronics in every angular position transforms into an absolute angular code, that is to say into a row of bits. There are generally so-called Gray code tracks on the circumference of the coding disk, which are arranged in rings from the outside inwards and are suitable for detecting the absolute angular positions. When used exclusively according to Gray coding, "n" tracks allow 2 n to generate separate absolute angle codes (eg: 13 tracks generate 2 13 = 8192 codes in one revolution). The resolution of the measuring device only depends on the resolution of the coding disk from.
Der eingesetzte Sensor ist im allgemeinen ein verwendungsspezifischer linearer Zeilen-Sensor (Opto-Asic). Die integrierten lichtempfindlichen Fotodioden innerhalb des Sensors funktionieren parallel und sie können das Licht bzw. den Schatten gleichzeitig und getrennt detektieren, wodurch die schnelle Datenverarbeitung möglich ist, weil sie die Licht-Schatten-Verhältnisse in jeder Spur gleichzeitig empfangen können.The sensor used is generally a application-specific linear line sensor (Opto-Asic). The integrated photosensitive photodiodes inside the sensor work parallel and they can detect light or shadow simultaneously and separately, which enables fast data processing because of the light-shadow ratios can receive in each track at the same time.
Die Verbesserung der grundsätzlichen Eigenschaften der oben beschriebenen optoelektronischen Absolut-Winkelgeber wird von zahlreichen Patenten bezielt, wie z. B.: US4633224, DE4202901, DE4207421, DE19530670. Nach US4633224 wird der optoelektronische Absolut-Winkelgeber nicht nur mit absoluten Kodespuren, sondern auch mit hochauflösender Inkrementalspur versehen. In der Ausführung nach DE4202901 und DE4207421 wird das absolut kodierte Spurensystem mit einer äußeren Spur aus einer Nonius-Spirale oder schrägen Strichen für die Feinkodierung ergänzt, die von einem zweiten Sensor, einem hochauflösenden CCD-Zeilensensensor, dekodiert wird. Nach dem Patent DE19530670 ist keine Feinpositionsspur nötig, aber ein anderer, entsprechend plazierter Sensor ist erforderlich die nach außen gezeigte Auflösung zu erhöhen.The improvement of the basic Properties of the optoelectronic absolute encoder described above is targeted by numerous patents, such as For example: US4633224, DE4202901, DE4207421, DE19530670. According to US4633224, the optoelectronic absolute encoder not only with absolute code tracks, but also with high-resolution incremental tracks Mistake. In execution according to DE4202901 and DE4207421 is the absolutely coded trace system with an outer trace from a vernier spiral or oblique lines for fine coding added, from a second sensor, a high-resolution CCD line sensor, is decoded. According to the patent DE19530670 there is no fine position track necessary, but another, appropriately placed sensor is required the outside shown resolution to increase.
Verwendung irgendwelches zweites Sensors kann für ungünstig gehalten werden, wenn die Erhöhung der Auflösung oder die Verminderung der Baugröße auch ohne ihn verwirklicht werden kann. Als Nachteil kann man feststellen, daß ein Spurensystem auf einer Kodierscheibe mit gegebenem Durchmesser „d" und unter den vorhandenen technologischen Möglichkeiten nur mit beschränkter Auflösung erzeugt werden kann und wobei die Anzahl der ablesbaren diskreten Winkelpositionen auch beschränkt ist! Zwecks des möglichst großen Rauschabstandes muß genug Licht für die lichtempfindlichen Flächen des Sensors sichergestellt werden, der auch es beschränkt, die Auflösung der feinsten Kodespur zu erhöhen. Z.B.: Falls n=13; d≈50mm sind, entstehen 213=8192 Kodes, wobei die Periode der äußeren Spur ca. 0,077mm ist und die Auflösungslänge ca. 0,02mm=20μm beträgt.The use of any second sensor can be considered unfavorable if the increase in resolution or the reduction in size can also be achieved without it. A disadvantage can be found that a track system on a coding disk with a given diameter "d" and under the available technological possibilities can only be produced with a limited resolution and the number of discrete angular positions that can be read is also limited! For the largest possible signal-to-noise ratio there must be enough Light for the light-sensitive areas of the sensor can be ensured, which also limits the resolution of the finest code track, eg if n = 13; d≈50mm, 2 13 = 8192 codes are created, the period of the outer track being approx. Is 0.077mm and the resolution length is approx.0.02mm = 20μm.
Der Durchmesser der Kodierscheibe bestimmt grundsätzlich die Baugröße des optoelektronischen Absolut-Winkelgebers. Die Reduzierung der Baugröße ist eine allgemeine technische Anforderung. Die mögliche Verminderung des Durchmessers der Kodierscheibe trägt zu bedeutender Reduzierung der Abmessungen der optoelektronischen Absolut-Winkelgeber bei, was einen technischen Vorteil bedeutet.The diameter of the encoder disk basically determines the size of the optoelectronic Absolute angle encoder. The reduction in size is a general technical one Requirement. The possible Reducing the diameter of the encoder disc contributes to more significant Reduction of the dimensions of the optoelectronic absolute angle encoder at what means a technical advantage.
Es ist das Ziel der Erfindung am Ausgang in den oben vorgeführten optoelektronischen Absolut-Winkelgebern trotz der beschränkten Auflösung der Kodierscheibe mit Behalten der schnellen Winkelkodierung neben wenigen zusätzlichen Kosten die Auflösung zu erhöhen oder neben gleicher Auflösung die Baugröße zu reduzieren.It is the aim of the invention on Output in the above optoelectronic absolute angle encoders despite the limited resolution of the Coding disc with keeping the fast angle coding next to a few additional Cost the dissolution to increase or in addition to the same resolution Reduce size.
Die Erfindung gründet sich auf der Erkennung, daß eine empfindlichere oder kleinere Meßanlage trotz der beschränkten Auflösung der Kodierscheibe erzeugt werden kann, wenn die diskrete absolute Winkelkodierung mit einer Ausführung, geeignet für lokale Detektierung der Signalveränderung innerhalb des Winkelbereiches, ergänzt ist.The invention is based on the recognition that a more sensitive or smaller measuring system despite the limited resolution the encoder disc can be generated if the discrete absolute Angular coding with one version, suitable for local detection of the signal change within the angular range, added is.
Die Erfindung ist ein optoelektronischer Absolut-Winkelgeber mit erhöhter Auflösung auf Grund der lokalen Detektierung der Verhältnisse dunkler und heller Felder, der aus drehender Welle, zu ihr befestigter Kodierscheibe, stehender Lichtquelle (Led), Blende auf der umstehenden Seite der Kodierscheibe, optoelektronischem Sensor und Bearbeitungselektronik besteht, bzw. die Kodierscheibe wird mit binär kodierten Spuren, die sogenannten Basispositionsspuren versehen und zu diesem Spurensystem gehört nach der Lösung auch eine sogenannte Feinpositionsspur, deren Winkelteilung der Winkelteilung der Basispositionsspur mit größester Auflösung entspricht und die aus gleich großen durchsichtigen und undurchsichtigen d. h. dunklen und hellen Felder besteht, gegenüber der eine Feinpositionsöffnung in der Blende gelegt ist, deren Breite der halben Periode der dunklen und hellen Felder der Feinpositionsspur entspricht und über der Feinpositionsöffnung befindet sich das Segment des optoelektronischen Sensors um die Feinposition zu empfangen.The invention is an optoelectronic absolute angle encoder with increased resolution due to the local detection of the conditions of dark and light fields, the rotating shaft, the coding disk attached to it, the standing light source (Led), the aperture on the surrounding side of the coding disk, optoelectronic sensor and There is processing electronics, or the coding disk is provided with binary-coded tracks, the so-called base position tracks, and this track system also includes a so-called fine-position track, the angular division of which corresponds to the angular division of the base position track with the highest resolution, and which consist of transparent and opaque, i.e. dark, equally large and bright fields stands opposite which a fine position opening is placed in the aperture, the width of which corresponds to half the period of the dark and light fields of the fine position track and above the fine position opening is the segment of the optoelectronic sensor to receive the fine position.
In einer günstigen Ausführung des Gebrauchsmusters werden mehr voneinander um halbe Teilung der Feinpositionsspur entfernte Feinpositionsöffnungen in der Blende zwischen dem Feinpositionssegment des optoelektronischen Sensors und der Feinpositionsspur der Kodierscheibe gelegt.In a cheap version of the Utility models become more by half division of the fine position track removed fine position openings in the aperture between the fine position segment of the optoelectronic Sensor and the fine position track of the coding disc.
Das Gebrauchsmuster wird nach den folgenden Zeichnungen dargestellt:The utility model is based on the following drawings:
In
- Verhältnis dunkler Felder in der Feinpositionsöffnung: 0÷25% ⇒ Kode Arelationship dark fields in the fine position opening: 0 ÷ 25% ⇒ code A
- Verhältnis dunkler Felder in der Feinpositionsöffnung: 25÷50% ⇒ Kode A*relationship dark fields in the fine position opening: 25 ÷ 50% ⇒ code A *
- Verhältnis dunkler Felder in der Feinpositionsöffnung: 50÷75% ⇒ Kode A*relationship dark fields in the fine position opening: 50 ÷ 75% ⇒ code A *
- Verhältnis dunkler Felder in der Feinpositionsöffnung: 75÷100% ⇒ Kode Arelationship dark fields in the fine position opening: 75 ÷ 100% ⇒ code A
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE202004008829U DE202004008829U1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2004-06-03 | Optoelectronic absolute angle indicator has a fine positioning track and shutter arrangement that permit maximization of the angular resolution |
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DE202004008829U DE202004008829U1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2004-06-03 | Optoelectronic absolute angle indicator has a fine positioning track and shutter arrangement that permit maximization of the angular resolution |
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DE202004008829U1 true DE202004008829U1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
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DE202004008829U Expired - Lifetime DE202004008829U1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2004-06-03 | Optoelectronic absolute angle indicator has a fine positioning track and shutter arrangement that permit maximization of the angular resolution |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7697127B2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2010-04-13 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Method and system for angle measurement |
EP3575749A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-04 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically-readable measure |
WO2019236821A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Johnson Philip M | Linear and rotary multitrack absolute position encoder and methods using the same |
US10803271B2 (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2020-10-13 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Length measuring instrument, code, and code conversion method |
-
2004
- 2004-06-03 DE DE202004008829U patent/DE202004008829U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7697127B2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2010-04-13 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Method and system for angle measurement |
US10803271B2 (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2020-10-13 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Length measuring instrument, code, and code conversion method |
US11334737B2 (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2022-05-17 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Length measuring instrument, code, and code conversion method |
EP3575749A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-04 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically-readable measure |
CN110555327A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 富士通电子零件有限公司 | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically readable measuring tool |
EP3736543A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-11-11 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Optical readers |
US10860824B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2020-12-08 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically-readable measure |
CN110555327B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2022-12-20 | 富士通电子零件有限公司 | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically readable measuring tool |
US11892328B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2024-02-06 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Measuring instrument, optical reader and optically-readable measure |
WO2019236821A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Johnson Philip M | Linear and rotary multitrack absolute position encoder and methods using the same |
EP3803279A4 (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2022-02-23 | Philip M. Johnson | Linear and rotary multitrack absolute position encoder and methods using the same |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 20041007 |
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R156 | Lapse of ip right after 3 years |
Effective date: 20080101 |