DE2014776A1 - Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gas - Google Patents
Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gasInfo
- Publication number
- DE2014776A1 DE2014776A1 DE19702014776 DE2014776A DE2014776A1 DE 2014776 A1 DE2014776 A1 DE 2014776A1 DE 19702014776 DE19702014776 DE 19702014776 DE 2014776 A DE2014776 A DE 2014776A DE 2014776 A1 DE2014776 A1 DE 2014776A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- carbon dioxide
- methane
- liquid
- coolant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 85
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KDRIEERWEFJUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;methane Chemical compound C.O=C=O KDRIEERWEFJUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OEERIBPGRSLGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;methanol Chemical compound OC.O=C=O OEERIBPGRSLGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0223—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with the subsequent re-vaporisation of the originally liquefied gas at a second location to produce the external cryogenic component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/80—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/80—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
- F25J2240/12—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
20H77620H776
5B9) H 70/23 5B9) H 70/23
Str/Kp 26.3.1970Str / Kp March 26, 1970
Verwendung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid als Kälteträger beim Verflüssigen und Wiederverdampfen von Methan oder Erdgas.Use of liquid carbon dioxide as a coolant for liquefying and re-evaporation of Methane or natural gas.
Es ist bekannt, Erdgas vom Fundort in Pipelines an einen Verladeort zu befördern, es dort zu verflüssigen und in drucklosen, isolierten Behältern, die in Spezialschiffen fest verankert sind, zu den Verbrauchsländern zu transportieren. Dort wird das Erdgas unter Wärmezufuhr verdampft und in ein Lei-* tungsnetz eingespeist. Um die zur Verflüssigung des Erdgases benötigte Energie aufzubringen und gleichzeitig größere Investitionen am Verladeort zu vermeiden, 1st es weiter bekannt, das Erdgas im Verbrauchsland im Wärmeaustausch mit unter Druck stehendem Stickstoff zu verdampfen, den dabei verflüssigtenIt is known to transport natural gas from its location in pipelines to a To transport the loading point, to liquefy it there and in pressureless, insulated containers that are firmly anchored in special ships are to be transported to the countries of consumption. There the natural gas is evaporated with the addition of heat and in a line * fed into the supply network. To generate the energy required to liquefy the natural gas and at the same time make larger investments To avoid at the place of loading, it is also known that the natural gas in the country of consumption in the heat exchange with under pressure to evaporate standing nitrogen, which liquefied in the process
109840/0973109840/0973
-2- LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT-2- LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
20H77620H776
Stickstoff zu entspannen und ihn in den gleichen Behältern, die zum Transport des flüssigen Erdgases in das Verbrauchsland gedient haben, an den Verladeort zu befördern, wo er im Wärmeaustausch mit Erdgas, welches sich dabei abkühlt und verflüssigt, verdampft und angewärmt wird. Flüssiger Stickstoff dient also als Kälteträger, mit dessen Hilfe die am Ort des Erdgasverbrauchers vom flüssig angelieferten Erdgas abgegebene Kälte an den Verladeort zurücktransportiert und dort wiederum auf weitere zu verflüssigende Erdgasmengen übertragen wird. Auch periodische Schwankungen im Erdgas- oder Methanverbrauch lassen sich auf diese Weise ausgleichen, indem nämlich in Zeiten erhöhten Bedarfs Erdgas oder Methan unter Verflüssigung von Stickstoff verdampft und in Zeiten geringen Bedarfs Erdgas oder Methan unter Verdampfung von Stickstoff verflüssigt wird.Relax nitrogen and put it in the same containers, that were used to transport the liquid natural gas to the country of consumption to the place of loading, where it is exchanged heat with natural gas, which cools down and liquefies, evaporates and warms up. Liquid nitrogen thus serves as a coolant, with the help of which the liquid at the location of the natural gas consumer delivered natural gas is transported back to the place of loading and there in turn to other to be liquefied Amounts of natural gas is transferred. Periodic fluctuations in natural gas or methane consumption can also be monitored balance in this way, namely by adding natural gas or methane with liquefaction of nitrogen in times of increased demand evaporated and in times of low demand natural gas or methane is liquefied with evaporation of nitrogen.
Das geschilderte Verfahren besitzt, wie die der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Berechnungen ergeben haben, den Nachteil, daß sich der Kälteinhalt des flüssigen Erdgases im Verbrauchsland nur unter großem Aufwand an Energie und Apparaturen für die Verflüssigung von Stickstoff nutzbar machen läßt.As the calculations on which the invention is based have shown, the described method has the disadvantage that the cold content of the liquid natural gas in the country of consumption is only possible with great expenditure of energy and equipment the liquefaction of nitrogen can be made usable.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Möglichkeit zum Transport und/oder zur Lagerung von flüssigem Erdgas oder Methan zu schaffen, die es erlaubt, den Kälteinhalt dieserThe object of the invention is to provide a way of transporting and / or storing liquid natural gas or To create methane, which allows the cold content of this
1 09840/09731 09840/0973
-> LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT-> LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
20U77620U776
Flüssiggase besser auszunutzen.Better use of liquefied gases.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch Verwendung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid als Kälteträger beim Verflüssigen und Wiederverdampfen von Methan oder ^rdgas zu deren Lagerung und/oder Transport. Um die Bildung von festem Kohlendloxid zu vermeiden, dürfen dabei, so lange Kohlendioxid in flüssiger Phase vorliegt, der Pripelpunktsdruck (5>2θ ata) und die Tripelpunktstemperatur (216,6 K) nicht unterschritten werden. Die Temperatur, auf die sich das Erdgas auf diese Weise abkühlen läßt, liegt somit wenig über 216,6 K, bei einem Ver- dampfungsdruck des Kohlendioxids' von 5*3 a^a also bei 217 K, bei einem Verdampf ungsdruck von 9 ata bei 2^0 K-.. Dabei soll der Druck, unter dem das Kohlendioxid transportiert wird, ebenso wie der Druck, unter dem es wieder verdampft wird, den Tripelpunktsdruck nur.möglichst wenig übersteigen, damit die "Rehälter nicht für einen zji hohen i)ruck ausgelegt sein müssen bzw. eine niedrigere Verdampfungstemperatur gewährleistet ist. .This object is achieved according to the invention by using liquid carbon dioxide as a coolant in the liquefaction and re-evaporation of methane or natural gas for their storage and / or transport. In order to avoid the formation of solid carbon oxide, as long as carbon dioxide is present in the liquid phase, the temperature should not fall below the triple point pressure (5> 2θ ata) and the triple point temperature (216.6 K). The temperature to which the natural gas can be cooled in this way is thus a little over 216.6 K, with an evaporation pressure of the carbon dioxide of 5 * 3 a ^ a that is 217 K, with an evaporation pressure of 9 ata at 2 ^ 0 K- .. The pressure under which the carbon dioxide is transported, as well as the pressure under which it is evaporated again, should only exceed the triple point pressure as little as possible, so that the "re-container" does not have to pay for a zji high i ) must be designed for jerk or a lower evaporation temperature is guaranteed.
Der Vorteil, den die Erfindung bietet, beruht darauf, daß das als Kälteträger verwendete flüssige Kohlendioxid einen hohen Siedepunkt besitzt, d.h. daß die Kondensationswärme des Kohlendloxids bei hoher Temperatur frei wird. Das bedeutet, daßThe advantage that the invention offers is based on the fact that the Liquid carbon dioxide used as a coolant has a high Has boiling point, i.e. the heat of condensation of the carbon monoxide is released at a high temperature. It means that
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bei hoher Temperatur eine große Kältemenge aufgenommen werden kann. Das Erdgas kann also einen größeren Teil seines Kälteinhalts bei höherer Temperatur abgeben und damit unter höherem Druck verdampft und «ngewärmt werden. Es steht somit unter höherem Druck für die Einspeisung in das Perngasnetz zur Verfügung. Hinzu kommt, daß die Verdampfungswärme von 1 1 flüssigem Kohlendioxid erheblich größer ist als die von 1 flüssigem Stickstoff, daß also bei Verwendung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid als Kä! teträger mehr Kälte je Volumen Flüssigkeit transportiert werden kann.absorbed a large amount of cold at high temperature can be. The natural gas can therefore release a larger part of its cold content at a higher temperature and thus below evaporated and warmed up at higher pressure. It is therefore under higher pressure to be fed into the Perngas network to disposal. In addition, the heat of vaporization of 1 liter of liquid carbon dioxide is considerably greater than that of 1 liquid nitrogen, so that when using liquid carbon dioxide as Kä! more cold per volume of liquid can be transported.
Um die Temperatur, auf die das zu verflüssigende Methan oder Erdgas Im Wärmeaustausch mit Kohlendioxid abgekühlt werden kann, noch weiter zu senken, ist es zweckmäßig, zum Verflüssigen von Methan oder Erdgas am Verladeort als kälteabgebendes Medium ein entspanntes Gemisch von flüssigem Kohlendioxid und einem Lösungsmittel zu verwenden.In order to lower the temperature to which the methane or natural gas to be liquefied can be cooled even further in the heat exchange with carbon dioxide, it is advisable to use a relaxed mixture of liquid carbon dioxide and a solvent to liquefy methane or natural gas at the loading location as a cold-releasing medium use.
Dem gleichen Ziel dient eine andere vorteilhafte Ausbildung des Erfindungsgedankens: Danach ist vorgesehen, zur weiteren abkühlung des im Wämreaustausch mit dem verdampfenden Kohlendioxid vorgekühlten Methans oder Erdgases die bei der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung des verdampften und erwärmten Kohlendioxids erzeugte Kälte zu verwenden.Another advantageous embodiment of the concept of the invention serves the same goal: it is then provided for further cooling of the methane or natural gas precooled in the heat exchange with the evaporating carbon dioxide that of the work-performing Relaxation of the evaporated and heated carbon dioxide to use cold generated.
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Mit Hilfe der geschilderten Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung läßt sich der Kältebedarf der Erdgasverflüssigung nur etwa nur Halfte decken. In Fortführung des Erfindungsgedankens verwendet man daher zur weiteren Abkühlung und Verflüssigung des im Wärmeaustausch mit Kohlendioxid vorgekühlten Methans oder Erdgases flüssigen Stickstoff als Kälteträger. Dabei wird am Ort des Erdgasverbrauchs etwa die Hälfte der Transportbehälter eines Tankschiffs mit flüssigem Kohlendioxid und. der Rest mit flüssigem Stickstoff gefüllt. Da flüssiges Kohlendioxid und flüssiger Stickstoff ein größeres spezifisches Gewicht haben als flüssiges Methan, ist beim Transport der.' Kälteträger.; kein Ballast erforderlich.With the help of the described method according to the invention the refrigeration requirements of natural gas liquefaction can only be covered by about half. In continuation of the inventive concept is therefore used for further cooling and liquefaction of the methane, which has been precooled in the heat exchange with carbon dioxide or natural gas liquid nitrogen as a coolant. Around half of the transport containers are used at the location where the natural gas is consumed a tanker with liquid carbon dioxide and. the The rest is filled with liquid nitrogen. Since liquid carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen have a greater specific Having weight as liquid methane is what it is when it comes to transport. ' Coolant .; no ballast required.
Eine andere bevorzugte AusfUhrungsform der Erfindung, die. ebenfalls zum Ziel hat, die bei Verwendung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid als Kälteträger zusätzlich^benötigte Kälte aufzubringen, besteht darin, daß man zum weiteren Abkühlen und Verflüssigen des im.Wärmeaustausch mit Kohlendioxid vorgekühlten Methans oder Erdgases die bei der Entspannung von unter Druck stehendem Erdgas erzeugte Kälte verwendet. Auch mit Hilfe eines Kältekreislaufes läßt sich der restliche Kältebedarf am Verladeort deckenj vorzugsweise dient dabei Stickstoff als Kältemittel. Diejenige Kältemenge, die dabei am Verbrauchsort beim Verdampfen und Anwärmen von Erdgas nicht auf das Another preferred embodiment of the invention, the. also aims at the use of liquid Carbon dioxide as a coolant to apply the additional cold required, consists in the fact that for further cooling and liquefaction of the methane or natural gas precooled im.Wärmeaustausch with carbon dioxide in the relaxation of below Pressurized natural gas uses refrigeration generated. Even with help of a refrigeration cycle, the remaining refrigeration requirement At the place of loading, nitrogen is preferably used as the cover Refrigerant. The amount of cold that is not reduced to the
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Kohlendioxid übertragen wird, kann in der üblichen V/eise durch Wärmeaustausch mit Wasser oder Luft vernichtet werden.Carbon dioxide is transferred can be destroyed in the usual way by exchanging heat with water or air.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand dreier Verfahrensschemata beispielsweise erläutert. The invention is explained below using three process schemes, for example.
Fig. 1 zeigt die Erdgasverdampfung im Verbrauchsland,Fig. 1 shows the natural gas evaporation in the country of consumption,
Pig. 2 die Erdgasverflüssigung am Verladeort unter Verwendung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid und flüssigem Stickstoff als Kälteträger.Pig. 2 the liquefaction of natural gas at the place of loading using liquid carbon dioxide and liquid Nitrogen as a coolant.
Fig. 5 stellt die Erdgasverflüssigung unter Verdampfung von flüssigem Kohlendioxid in Gegenwart eines Lösungsmittels dar; die Restkälte wird dabei durch einen Kreislauf gedeckt, in dem das Erdgas selbst als Kältemittel dient.Fig. 5 shows the liquefaction of natural gas under evaporation of liquid carbon dioxide in the presence of a solvent; the remaining cold is through covered a cycle in which the natural gas itself serves as a refrigerant.
Gemäß Fig. 1 steht das Erdgas flüssig und unter λtmosphärendruck in Leitung 1 zur Verfügung. Es wird in der Pumpe 2 auf 70 ata gefördert, wobei es sich geringfügig auf 115 K erwärmt. Im Wärmeaustauscher J5 gibt es einen Teil seines Kälteinhalts an den durch Leitung 5 ankommenden Stickstoff ab, der in einem nicht gezeichneten Kompressor auf 70 ata verdichtet worden ist. DasAccording to FIG. 1, the natural gas is liquid and under λtmospheric pressure available in line 1. It is in pump 2 to 70 ata promoted, where it heats up slightly to 115 K. in the Heat exchanger J5 transfers part of its cold content to the through line 5 from incoming nitrogen, which has been compressed to 70 ata in a compressor, not shown. That
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" . . 2QT4776".. 2QT4776
auf 216 K angewärmte Erdgas tritt nun in das kalte Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 4 ein, dem über das warme Ende durch Leitung 6 gasförmiges Kohlendioxid unter einem Druck von 25 ata zugeführt wird. Im Wärmeaustausch mit dem Erdgas wird das Kohlendioxid verflüssigt und auf 218 K unterkühlt, so daß es anschließend ohne nennenswerte Verdampfung im Ventil 7 auf den vorgesehenen Transportdruck von 5*5 ata entspannt werden kann. Dabei ist zu beachten, daß das Kohlendioxid nicht unter die Tripelpunktstemperatur abgekühlt wird. Dies läßt sieh in bekannter V/eise durch entsprechende Dimensionierung der Wärmeaustauseher und Abstimmung, der miteinander in Wärmeaustauschbeziehung stehenden Gasmengen erreichen.Natural gas heated to 216 K now enters the cold end of the heat exchanger 4, which through the warm end Line 6 is fed with gaseous carbon dioxide under a pressure of 25 ata. In heat exchange with natural gas the carbon dioxide is liquefied and subcooled to 218 K, so that it is then in the Valve 7 to the intended transport pressure of 5 * 5 ata can be relaxed. Care should be taken that the carbon dioxide is not cooled below the triple point temperature. This can be seen in a known manner by corresponding Dimensioning of the heat exchangers and coordination of the Reach gas quantities which are in a heat exchange relationship with one another.
Im Wärmeaustauscher 4 erfolgt gleichzeitig auch die Vorkühlung desStickstoffs, der anschließend den Wärmeaustauscher 3 passiert und diesen mit einer Temperatur von 120 K verläßt, um im Ventil 8 auf 1,3 a^a entspannt zu werden. Dabei sinkt die Temperatur auf 80 K. Im Abscheider 9 wird die Flüssigkeit gesammelt und über Leitung 10 zum Abfüllen in die Transportbehälter entnommen. Der beim Entspannen verdampfte Stickstoffanteil wird in den Wärmeaustauschern 3 und Λ angewärmt und wieder dem Stickstoffkompressor zugeführt.In the heat exchanger 4, the precooling of the nitrogen takes place at the same time, which then passes the heat exchanger 3 and leaves it at a temperature of 120 K in order to be expanded in the valve 8 to 1.3 a ^ a . The temperature drops to 80 K. The liquid is collected in the separator 9 and removed via line 10 for filling into the transport container. The nitrogen portion evaporated during the expansion is warmed up in the heat exchangers 3 and Λ and fed back to the nitrogen compressor.
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Gemäß Pig. 2 wird HpO-, HpS- und COp-freies Erdgas unter einem Druck von 50 ata durch Leitung 20 zugeführt, in den Wärmeaustauschern 21, 22, 23 und 24 auf 110 K gekühlt und im Ventil 25 auf 1,3 ata entspannt. Die dabei gewonnene Flüssigkeit steht zur Beförderung in die Transportbehälter zur Verfügung. Die Vorkühlung des Erdgases erfolgt durch Wärmeaustausch mit flüssigem Kohlendioxid, welches unter einem Druck von 5·5 ata durch Leitung 26 dem kalten Ende des Wärmeaus tauscher» 22 zugeführt wird. Es verdampft dort zunächst bei einer Temperatur von 218 K; die Temperatur des Erdgases am kalten Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 22 liegt dementsprechend bei 223 K. Das nunmehr gasförmige Kohlendioxid wird auf 250 K angewärmt, um in der Expansionsmaschine 27 auf 1,3 ata entspannt zu werden; dabei sinkt seine Temperatur auf 195 K, so daß das Erdgas im Wärmeaustauscher 23 auf 215 K abgekühlt werden kann. Das gasförmige Kohlendioxid wird schließlich in den Wärmeaustauschern 22 und 21 auf nahezu Umgebungstemperatur angewärmt.According to Pig. 2 becomes HpO-, HpS- and COp-free natural gas under one Pressure of 50 ata fed through line 20, cooled in the heat exchangers 21, 22, 23 and 24 to 110 K and im Valve 25 relaxed to 1.3 ata. The resulting liquid is available for transport in the transport container. The natural gas is pre-cooled by heat exchange with liquid carbon dioxide, which under a pressure of 5 x 5 ata through line 26 the cold end of the heat exchanger »22 is supplied. There it initially evaporates at a temperature of 218 K; the temperature of the natural gas at the cold end of the heat exchanger 22 is accordingly 223 K. The now gaseous carbon dioxide is on 250 K warmed to be relaxed in the expansion machine 27 to 1.3 ata; while its temperature drops to 195 K, so that the natural gas can be cooled to 215 K in the heat exchanger 23. The gaseous carbon dioxide is eventually in the heat exchangers 22 and 21 warmed to almost ambient temperature.
Zur weiteren Abkühlung des Erdgases wird flüssiger Stickstoff als zweiter Kälteträger herangezogen. Er wird der Anlage über Leitung 28 mit Atmosphärendruck zugeführt und in der Pumpe 29 auf 20 ata gefördert, um mit einer Temperatur von 80 K in den Wärmeaustauscher 24 einzutreten. Hier gibt erLiquid nitrogen is used as a second coolant to cool the natural gas further. He becomes the plant supplied via line 28 with atmospheric pressure and conveyed in the pump 29 to 20 ata to with a temperature of 80 K to enter the heat exchanger 24. Here he gives
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seine Kälte an das zu verflüssigende Erdgas ab und erwärmt sich dabei auf I70 K. Anschließend wird er in der Expansionsmaschine 50 auf 1,5 ata entspannt und mit einer Temperatur von 108 K wieder in das kalte Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 24 eingeführt. Er durchströmt außerdem die Wärmeaustauscher25, 22. und 21, um die Anlage mit etwa Umgebungstemperatur zu verlassen. ■ -its cold is transferred to the natural gas to be liquefied and heated himself doing this to I70 K. Then he is in the expansion machine 50 to 1.5 ata relaxed and with a temperature of 108 K back into the cold end of the heat exchanger 24 introduced. It also flows through the heat exchangers25, 22. and 21 to keep the system at about ambient temperature leaving. ■ -
Gemäß Fig. 5 steht in Leitung 50 wiederum vorgereinigtes Erdgas unter einem Druck von 50 ata zur Verfügung. Es wird in den Wärmeaustauschern 51, 52 und 55 auf eine Endtemperatur von 120 K abgekühlt und über das Ventil 54 in den Abscheider.55 entspannt. Dabei sinkt die Temperatur auf 110 K. Die gebildete Flüssigkeit wird über Leitung 56 den Transportbehältern zugeführt, der gasförmige Anteil tritt über Leitung 57 in das kalte Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 55 sin* um das im Wärmeaustausch mit verdampfendem COp vorgekühlte Erdgas zu verflüssigen. Das teilerwärmte entspannte Erdgas wird in den Wärmeaustauschern 52 und 5I weiter bis auf nahezu Umgebungs- ' temperatur angewärmt und über den Kompressor 58 in das zu verflüssigende Gas zurückgeführt.According to FIG. 5, there is again pre-cleaned in line 50 Natural gas available under a pressure of 50 ata. It will be in the heat exchangers 51, 52 and 55 to a final temperature cooled from 120 K and via the valve 54 into the separator. 55 relaxed. The temperature drops to 110 K. The formed Liquid is supplied to the transport containers via line 56 supplied, the gaseous portion passes through line 57 into the cold End of the heat exchanger 55 sin * around that in the heat exchange to liquefy natural gas precooled with evaporating COp. The partially heated expanded natural gas is in the Heat exchangers 52 and 5I further down to almost ambient ' heated temperature and via the compressor 58 in the to Recirculating liquefying gas.
Im Gegenströmer 52 findet der Wärmeaustausch mit verdampfendem Kohlendioxid statts Das flüssige Kohlendioxid gelangt durchThe heat exchange with evaporating takes place in the countercurrent 52 Carbon dioxide instead of The liquid carbon dioxide gets through
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Leitung 59 mit einem Druck von 6 ata und einer Temperatur von 220 ν in einen Behälter 60, in den gleichzeitig durch Leitung 61 Methanol eingespeist wird. Bei 62 wird ein Gemisch aus 80 - 90 % Methanol und 20 - 10 % Kohlendioxid entnommen und im Wärmeaustauscher 63 auf I75 K, d.h. so tief gekühlt, daß bei der anschließenden Entspannung auf 1,3 ata im Ventil 64 praktisch kein Kohlendioxid frei wird. Die Anwesenheit des Lösungsmittels verhindert dabei das Ausscheiden von festem Kohlendioxid. Ein kleiner Teil des entspannten Kohlendioxid-Methanol-Gemisehes wird über Leitung 65 abgezweigt und zur Kühlung des noch unter Druck stehenden Gemisches durch den Wärmeaustauscher 63 geführt. Die Hauptmenge tritt über Leitung 66 in das kalte Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 52 ein. Hier wird das Kohlendioxid durch Wärmeaufnahme aus dem Erdgas mit steigender Temperatur aus der Lösung ausgetrieben. Die Lösung erwärmt sich dabei von 175 K auf 220 K, das Erdgas wird auf I80 K abgekühlt. Das Gemisch aus gasförmigem Kohlendioxid und im wesentlichen flüssigem Methanol gelangt vom warmen Ende des Wärmeaustauschers 52 in den Abscheider 67, dem auch das im Austauscher 63 angewärmte Gemisch zugeleitet wird. Die mit Kohlendioxid bei 1,3 ata gesättigte Losung wird durch die Pumpe 68 wieder auf 6 ata gefördert und auf dem Mischturm aufgegeben. Das aus dem Abscheider 67 gasförmig abziehende KohlendioxidLine 59 with a pressure of 6 ata and a temperature of 220 ν in a container 60, into which at the same time through line 61 methanol is fed. At 62, a mixture of 80-90% methanol and 20-10% carbon dioxide is withdrawn and cooled to 175 K in heat exchanger 63, ie so deep that virtually no carbon dioxide is released during the subsequent expansion to 1.3 ata in valve 64. The presence of the solvent prevents solid carbon dioxide from separating out. A small part of the relaxed carbon dioxide-methanol mixture is branched off via line 65 and passed through the heat exchanger 63 to cool the mixture, which is still under pressure. The bulk of it enters the cold end of the heat exchanger 52 via line 66. Here, the carbon dioxide is expelled from the solution by absorbing heat from the natural gas as the temperature rises. The solution heats up from 175 K to 220 K, the natural gas is cooled to 180 K. The mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and essentially liquid methanol passes from the warm end of the heat exchanger 52 into the separator 67, to which the mixture heated in the exchanger 63 is also fed. The solution, which is saturated with carbon dioxide at 1.3 ata, is conveyed back to 6 ata by the pump 68 and placed on the mixing tower. The carbon dioxide withdrawn in gaseous form from the separator 67
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durchströmt den Wärmeaustauscher 51 und verläßt ihn-etwa ' mit Umgebungstemperatur. -flows through the heat exchanger 51 and leaves it-about ' with ambient temperature. -
6 Patentansprüche
3 Blatt Zeichnungen6 claims
3 sheets of drawings
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Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702014776 DE2014776A1 (en) | 1970-03-26 | 1970-03-26 | Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gas |
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|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702014776 DE2014776A1 (en) | 1970-03-26 | 1970-03-26 | Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gas |
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| DE2014776A1 true DE2014776A1 (en) | 1971-09-30 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2702226A1 (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-08-04 | Cryoplants Ltd | METHOD OF LIQUIFYING A GAS WITH THE HELP OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS |
| DE2754892A1 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-13 | Linde Ag | Liquefaction and storage of natural gas - using successive compression and cooling stages while ensuring that limit of solubility of higher boiling components is not exceeded |
| WO1999058917A1 (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for liquefying a stream rich in hydrocarbon |
| FR2869238A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR LIQUEFACTING THE SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE |
| FR2869404A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Liquefying gaseous carbon dioxide, useful for treating combustion gases for carbon dioxide disposal, uses an intermediate liquid for heat exchange and liquefied natural gas for reliquefaction of the intermediate |
| WO2008009930A2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | Ntnu Technology Transfer As | Apparatus and methods for natural gas transportation and processing |
| WO2008092603A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Dge Dr.-Ing. Günther Engineering Gmbh | Method and plant for extracting liquid methane from crude gas, in particular biogas, containing methane and carbon dioxide |
| CN101709912B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Natural gas liquefying device based on low-temperature liquid refrigeration |
| DE102011084733A1 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Victoria Capital Investments Group LTD. | Method and device for dewatering a CO 2 -containing gas |
| FR3018111A1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-09-04 | Gdf Suez | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR TRANSPORT AND LIQUEFACTION OF GAS |
| WO2024161167A1 (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2024-08-08 | Totalenergies Onetech | Natural gas liquefaction and regasification terminal and liquefaction and regasification associated methods |
| FR3145971A1 (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-08-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for liquefying a gas rich in carbon dioxide |
-
1970
- 1970-03-26 DE DE19702014776 patent/DE2014776A1/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2702226A1 (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-08-04 | Cryoplants Ltd | METHOD OF LIQUIFYING A GAS WITH THE HELP OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS |
| DE2754892A1 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-13 | Linde Ag | Liquefaction and storage of natural gas - using successive compression and cooling stages while ensuring that limit of solubility of higher boiling components is not exceeded |
| WO1999058917A1 (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for liquefying a stream rich in hydrocarbon |
| FR2869238A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR LIQUEFACTING THE SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE |
| FR2869404A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Liquefying gaseous carbon dioxide, useful for treating combustion gases for carbon dioxide disposal, uses an intermediate liquid for heat exchange and liquefied natural gas for reliquefaction of the intermediate |
| WO2005105669A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-11-10 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method for liquefying solid carbon dioxide |
| WO2008009930A3 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2009-01-15 | Ntnu Technology Transfer As | Apparatus and methods for natural gas transportation and processing |
| WO2008009930A2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | Ntnu Technology Transfer As | Apparatus and methods for natural gas transportation and processing |
| WO2008092603A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Dge Dr.-Ing. Günther Engineering Gmbh | Method and plant for extracting liquid methane from crude gas, in particular biogas, containing methane and carbon dioxide |
| CN101709912B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Natural gas liquefying device based on low-temperature liquid refrigeration |
| DE102011084733A1 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Victoria Capital Investments Group LTD. | Method and device for dewatering a CO 2 -containing gas |
| WO2013057019A1 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-25 | Victoria Capital Investments Group LTD. | Method and device for dehydrating a co2 containing gas |
| FR3018111A1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-09-04 | Gdf Suez | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR TRANSPORT AND LIQUEFACTION OF GAS |
| WO2015136182A3 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-12-17 | Gdf Suez | Method and facility for transporting and liquefying gas |
| CN106461318A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2017-02-22 | 法国Gdf Suez集团 | Method and facility for transporting and liquefying gas |
| WO2024161167A1 (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2024-08-08 | Totalenergies Onetech | Natural gas liquefaction and regasification terminal and liquefaction and regasification associated methods |
| FR3145971A1 (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-08-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for liquefying a gas rich in carbon dioxide |
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