DE1933236B2 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING TUBES FOR TUBE-SHAPED ELECTRON MULTIPLERS - Google Patents

Description

game for a system, which in the treatment of the in F i g. 1 is used, and F i g. 3 an example of a finished tube for tubular

shaped electron multipliers according to the

35 discovery.

In all figures, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

F i g. 1 shows an embodiment of one

The invention relates to electron multiplier tubes for tubular electron multipliers, fans and in particular to those in which the 40 which is prepared for the treatment according to the invention prior to multiplication of a bundle of primary electrons. The straight, insulating pipe 1 channel, slit open over its entire length by a sequence of secondary electron emissions along the two diametrically opposite sheaths inside a straight or curved lines 2 and 21, in which an electrical longitudinal has two halves 3 and 31.
field prevails. 45 In the annex according to FIG. 2 are the two half

It is recalled that a tubular elec- tron 3 and 31 of the pipe is fixed on the plate 4, electron multiplier one or more rectilinear which is rotated around the axis A (in this or curved, generally insulating pipes Figure is only half 3 in the Cut to see). Which has, which are covered on its inner wall by two halves inside a vacuum resistance layer, which has the property 50 bell 5, which has on a frame 7, secondary electrons with a coefficient is attached and in which there are also two senates ό> 1 to emit, while one is located between the len 6, which contain the substance, which potential difference applied to the ends of the layer in the inner surface facing the shells 6 of the tubular channels an electrical longitudinal tubes 3 and 31 is to be applied. In the example field generated. With this arrangement, a calls to a 55 in FIG. 2 the precipitate is achieved by vapor deposition through a primary electron bundle penetrating the vacuum channel. In another embodiment sequence of secondary electron emissions to the form of the invention, this deposit can also produce inner coatings in such a way that the number of electrons in relation to the shells are obtained under vacuum at the exit of the channel through cathode sputtering of the semiconductor material, with Hch being that of the Primary bundle is greatly enlarged. 60 the shells are made of tin oxide, for example.

During the production of the emitting coating. The advantage of the method according to the invention

gene of the tubes of tubular multipliers consists essentially in the fact that one more or According to the state of the art, one restricts oneself to less thick, but always the same thickness generally to two procedures. Layer can be achieved.

It concerns 65 in particular if one considers the secondary emission

- either to precipitate from the liquid through a very thin layer of a suitable

or gaseous phase: one calls the chemical substance seeks to increase which on a first

see reaction of a gas stream, for example layer is deposited, allows this

drive a great precision in the strengths of each of these two successively applied precipitates.

Finally, in the arrangement according to the invention, in which the pipe is brought into the treatment plant in two separate halves, the uniform rainfall over the entire length of the pipe during operation in a special precisely controlled by a known quartz system. You create beats between a precipitate-free quartz sample and a second one in the treatment facility quartz arranged in such a way that it receives the same amount of precipitation as the two parts of the Rohres, and then compares the beat frequency with a low reference frequency.

The resistance can also be checked directly on a glass cabinet with two electrodes which receives the precipitation at the same time with the two half-tubes. One interrupts the treatment when the desired surface resistance is reached and, if necessary, the additional ones Operations have been carried out (precipitation of a very thin secondary emission layer). Fig. 3 shows a finished embodiment of a tube for tubular electron multipliers according to the invention.

The layer 13 is on the inner surface of the two halves 12 and 22 of a curved glass tube 11 upset. After application, the two halves 12 and 22, which are along the surface lines

ίο 14 and 24 were separated from each other in their original Position brought back and at both ends by clamping washers 15 and 16 and in their center fixed to one another by the ring 17 glued with araldite. . .

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the tube has an overall length of 75 mm and an inner diameter ■ : n approximately 1 mm. The coating consists of a tin oxide film with a strength of 2000 A. For one in one of the

Electron entering ends of the tube can be obtained at the other end 10 ⁸ electrons graduated in time to about 10 nanoseconds.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (5)

of tin chloride, when passing through the pipe to be treated at a high temperature, in order to place one on the inner surface of the same 1. Method of making pipes for the precipitation of tin oxide;
tubular electron multiplier, in which - or around the chemical treatment of the special insulating material that forms a resistive layer that has its own chosen for this purpose, the tubular shaft for secondary electron emission. applied to the inner wall of these tubes. It can be stated, however, that this application, characterized in that it does not allow the achievement of a sufficiently homogeneous deposit over the entire length of each of these tubes before the application of the 10 of the tubes, layer over its entire length along two of them . This length often corresponds to the surface lines are slit open, the two halves, which are twenty times the inner diameter of the pipe, after the treatment again in and often a much larger amount,
their mutual starting position are brought. The aim of the invention is to eliminate this and in this position by gluing along the 15 disadvantage. Surface lines or by defining by means of the method according to the invention is thereby clamped be approved. indicates that each of these pipes before 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer is applied longitudinally over its entire length indicates that straight pipes used with two surface lines are slit, the two like this will. ao obtained halves back in after treatment 3. The method according to claim 1, thereby bringing their mutual starting position and indicates that curved pipes can be used in this position by gluing along the jacket, lines or by fixing with clamps 4. The method according to any one of claims Ibis 3 will be. characterized in that the strength of the layer and its resistance during the game is explained in more detail with reference to the figures. It shows
Operationally controlled. 1 for the coating according to the invention 5. The method according to any one of claims Ibis 4, prepared pipe for a tubular elecd thereby marked, daf. for the manufacture of electron multipliers, Layer of tin oxide is used. 30 Fig. 2 in a schematic partial illustration of a case