DE19928414A1 - Waste collection system with different coloured sacks enables continuous separate sorting through machine-readable identification until recycling or recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

The different coloured sacks with different contents and volumes are sorted separately and continuously through hand or mechanical loading, sorting and compaction and kept separate until recycling or recovery. Machine-readable identification features are added to the sacks. Electronically controlled mechanical detection devices control the transfer of waste products and can be linked with electronically controlled mechanical compacting devices

Description

Previous separate waste collection systems bring considerable problems for the connected households and businesses (waste storage in buildings and on land, Space problems, hygiene, fire risk but also constantly changing collection dates in the waste disposal center lender, third-party and misuse of large garbage containers, no user-friendly waste distribution of fees among the users), for the waste disposal authorities (high administrative and co costs for containers, fee collection, collective scheduling, public relations) for the employed garbage workers (hygiene, sometimes high payloads) for the waste disposal companies (complex, fragile and expensive press vehicles, high removal costs for each waste t-specific transfers z. T. with special vehicles, high capital costs), for which Sorting companies (poor variety, mix through compaction on the Sam melweg) and for the recycling companies (input-related quality losses of the re-ver evaluating material). Ultimately, this results from the listed, partially chained Pro economic problems of recycling that with the existing collection tech technologies cannot be solved.

The invention described below relates to a separate collection system for Ab cases and / or old products with which from the point of origin according to substance groups and / or product groups consistently separated up to reuse / recycling takes place and with the help of the various wastes, waste or waste products are recorded. The waste becomes material and / or at the place of occurrence (in the company, in the household) collected separately for each product group and in light containers such as foil bags case-specific color and / or in bundles (e.g. for paper, cardboard, cardboard). So packed They are made available for collection at the same time and picked up by collection vehicle and trans ported. When unloading the collection vehicles, the containers are separated according to type and color given further in the respective recycling logistics or process technology.

In addition to the bundling, tear-proof, closable and recyclable containers come as a collection container Plastic film bags for use. The size, volume and shape of the sachets should be selected so that they fit with the common built-in installations in households and companies and what can be collected in each case Limit waste volume in such a way that the individual weight only releases a small load (usually less than 10 kg). The collection volume available in individual cases can be determined by different sachet sizes and the number of bags used can be designed flexibly and individually. It will be recorded separately for each send type of waste uses a specific bag color. The color foil bags are opaque, so that a visual control of the content is possible. The bags themselves are the collection containers. Fe Large bulk containers, container parking spaces and intermediate waste storage can be omitted.  

Waste fees are charged to system users based on the number and size of the sachets distributed in a quantity-based manner according to the originator.

Due to a short pick-up cycle (e.g. once or twice a week) there is no intermediate layer waste is required, space, odor and hygiene problems are eliminated accordingly chatting.

The mechanically and / or hydraulically carried out in conventional collection systems Waste compaction for the purpose of transportation takes place in the system proposed here already largely when filling the bags. Light and large volume waste e.g. B. Ver packaging waste is stuffed. On the other hand, the flat bundle on the be is suitable for paper because it brings maximum compression, is visually controllable and with one weekly pick-up cycle for average households only relatively small weights len.

The different collection fractions are combined and simultaneously with the same Lo statistics recorded. At the time of collection, the bags are collected (e.g. on the street) individually, in groups or (e.g. from residential complexes or companies) in stacking roll containers provided. All bags, regardless of their color, are picked up at the same time. The Collection can be done with a simple transport vehicle (e.g. platform truck with lifting platform ne) take place. Special vehicles with extendable conveyor belts and / or can also be used Grippers are used. The sorting of the bags by color is done either on one Distribution point or carried out at a sorting system or it already begins when loading or on the pick-up vehicle. This can be equipped with stacking roller grille boxes in which the sacks are stacked separately by color. But it can also drive Attached automatic (robot) gripping arms can be used, the bags Recognize color and / or other identification features and the recorded packages in sort individual load compartment sections. These load compartment sections can be fitted with suitable waste-specific compaction devices to be equipped to the available loading area adaptable to use optimally.

When recording by hand, the bags must be z. B. taken from the roadside and be placed on the loading area of the collecting vehicle. There they are opened again taken and sorted by color in the respective stacking roller grille boxes available in the vehicle placed. A collective variant with less work is the lowering of the rolling grille xen on the street. The collectors then only have to put the bags in the mesh boxes zen, which are then pushed onto the lift. An even less amount of work The variant that would cause it would be the morning (theft-proof) provision of Roller grille boxes on the street corners. The garbage bags would then have to be used by the users themselves placed directly in the mesh boxes. The roller grille boxes would then be at the time of collection picked up by lift truck. In the latter variant, the possible danger would be Do not shred waste bags that are placed individually on the side of the road give.

A choice of the bag size allows an individual adaptation to the deed Substantial weekly generation of the respective waste at the place of its generation in the house stop or operation. The weekly collection of all types of waste makes temporary storage waste in buildings or on land i. d. Usually no longer required. Pest infestation, odor formation, winter freezing of bio bins and space problems omitted.

Another advantage of the waste bag collection system is the differentiated fee renal survey. Through a waste type and quantity-based fee calculation and the  associated pricing for the garbage bags can avoid waste and Recycling of materials can be specifically promoted. This will not only be an optimized split version, but also a causal allocation of fees. The fees are not debited as subitems of service charge settlement, but can after the introduction of such a bag system, he sold the bags directly be lifted. The basic fee (to cover fixed costs) can be charged that with the annual fee notice a corresponding number of garbage bags for Is made available (basic equipment).

Of course, the bag system can also be connected to the existing material acquisition system can be adjusted. For example, residual waste, organic waste, and light packaging in small bags, in parallel waste paper in bundles and waste glass still via Depotcon tainer are recorded.

In addition, refinements and qualitative extensions are possible. Example wise, apart from the usual waste fractions, further breakdowns into individual fractions (e.g. different types of paper) or in addition to waste Products such as used small electrical appliances or z. B. also washable textile diapers, be collected. The latter are then white to the connected diaper laundry Given that the fresh diapers with the same logistics system in reverse order and can be distributed without additional traffic.

For consumer products for reuse or disassembly (e.g. electrical appliances) is through this form of separate collection as for waste with a higher collection and Purity level to be expected. In any case, the separate registration and Ge increases keeping the quality of the recycling with the help of this system.

In the bag collection there are no other containers apart from the colored system bags taken, which indicate that the disposal fees are paid for this. Furthermore, it is equipped with machine-readable identification features (e.g. barcodes) possible. When collecting, a visual check of the ver closed foil bags possible due to incorrect fillings, provided opaque foil material is used. When collecting or after collecting the bags together the colors are sorted (by type of waste) and then passed on to the recycling company ter or for residual waste for treatment. After opening and emptying the bags in the Recycling plants can record this as a recyclable (monochrome) plastic fraction and for high-quality recycling. From the used collection bags can be made again of the same quality collection bags. If for Bioab If degradable foil bags are used, they can be composted. There through the handling is considerably facilitated and occupational safety also with regard to Ge health aspects increased.  

When using the sachet system, the fee payers pay as an annual fee next only a fee that covers the fixed costs of waste disposal and receive for this a basic set of bags, the capacity of which is the average Ab case volume corresponds to the period covered by this. Bags also needed Chen can z. B. in suitable La authorized for this by the competent authority be bought locally. Because the sacks are specially marked misuse can be excluded and misuse is not obvious. The distribution The basic equipment can be provided in the form of a household-specific personal handover take place (which is particularly obvious at the beginning of the model project) or through Postver sand with the fee notice.

In contrast to fixed container systems, this is to be used for waste collection logistics Capital in the bag system very low. An individual adjustment of the waste container vo lumens to the types of waste actually occurring in the individual household or company and Waste amounts are largely possible with the sachet system.

The used plastic pouches are themselves recyclable and (if it is not - as is the case with organic waste - to compost biodegradable de sachet foils) after emptying as waste, separated by color and recycled tion fed. Thus, the containers used are kept in the material cycle.

Claims (4)

1. Collection system for waste and old products, due to its nature and auxiliary means (different colored foil bags with various volumes and bundles) guaranteed, that waste and old products from the source in parallel in individual quantities lel, in the case of waste type-specific and quantity-based fee-based fee distribution processing, largely separately and consistently via manual or machine le loading, sorting and compaction up to reuse or reuse tion are kept separate. 2. Collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary machines wear legible identifiers. 3. Collection system according to claim 1 or 1 and 2, characterized in that the over Collection of waste from system users when recording using electronic control erte mechanical detection devices. 4. Collection system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that a compaction using electronically controlled mechanical waste-specific compaction devices on the registration vehicle he follows.