DE19643455A1 - Rope climbing device for vertical climbing - Google Patents

Abstract

The device uses the climber's own arm/leg strength and has a number of rope grabs (8,9) located on each of at least two ropes (1,2). An upper grab is connected to a hand, and a lower grab is connected to a foot. Each rope may have thickened parts, formed by knots, sleeves, or balls so that the grabs engage positively into these. The grabs may engage around a rope, clamping it, and they are connected to each other by the rope and by further construction elements (3,4) e.g. a tension spring (3) that engages around the rope. The rope grabs may have integrated manual operating units and automatic switching devices.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

People who climb under their own power are attached to ropes using rope clamps secured or caught in the event of a fall using a fall brake. Clamps make climbing on the rope easier. By using leg slings or a clamp the leg strength can be used for both feet when climbing on the rope. Two or more ropes are used to stabilize the ascending position.

The change between ascending and descending is with high behavioral and Force requirements connected and can in the known devices Climbing down will damage the rope. The known devices to climb the rope either use only one rope or require certain Phases always the full relief of a rope. Hand and foot of one half of the body cannot be loaded independently of each other to climb and thus used will. Weights at the end of the rope provide insufficient fastening or wanton disassembly is a danger for the ascending, increase the Transport effort and can wreak havoc by commuting. Non-positive Devices for climbing on the steel cable can be used in the presence of Lubricants or ice on the rope endanger the person. There is for the rise of individuals no devices that have a positive Connection between the gripping components and one with shaped elements provided rope.

The object of the invention is to provide an implement with which preferably one Person similar to climbing a ladder comfortably on several ropes both upwards can also descend without needing weights at the rope ends. Specific Designs of the device are also intended to climb on an ice or Allow lubricant-impaired steel cable. The person should sit and can stand and secured in inoperable condition without doing anything on their own be.

For this purpose, climbing components should be separate for both hands and for both feet be created by combining different design variants influence such that a safe closing and releasing of the gripper depending done by the movement of the ascending. They are also automatic gripping devices to create that contain transducers for physical quantities and depending of these sizes, the grippers automatically close or release. The room in front of the rising person should remain largely free.

This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1. When climbing on two ropes ( 1 ), ( 2 ), the climbing person is prevented from rotating about their own axis. It is advantageous if the sequence of movements when climbing on ropes comes close to the sequence of movements when climbing on ladders. This is why separate climbing clamps on the feet are advantageous. The possible design variants with positive locking offer the advantage of climbing even under conditions where ice or lubricants occur. It is also advantageous that the person can stand and sit and is backed up by the system without any action on his part. The use of automatic grippers in the above sense is also an advantage, since incorrect operation is excluded.

Embodiments

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are in following described in more detail.

Show it

Fig. 1 person with climbing device on rollers;

Fig. 2 person with climbing device on 4 ropes;

Fig. 3 automatic positive rope gripper;

Fig. 4 non-positive rope gripper;

Fig. 5 interconnected upper and lower non-positive rope gripper with manual control;

Fig. 6 interconnected upper and lower automatic non-positive rope gripper;

Fig. 7 Automatic positive rope gripper.

Reference list

1

rope

2nd

Rope with shaped elements

3rd

Spring connector

4th

Bowden cable connecting element

5

belt

6

Seat board

7

roll

8th

upper gripper

9

lower gripper

10th

Clamp

11

Shaped element

12th

Handle

13

Pressure piece

14

Return spring

15

Weight

16

Coupling link

17th

Pressure plate

18th

Coupling link

21

casing

22

Locking

23

camp

24th

Rope outlet

25th

Switching spring

26

Rope inlet

27

Ball socket

28

Rope pass

29

opening

33

Rope guide

34

Compression spring

41

Insertion opening

42

Flank

43

Flank

44

channel

45

attack

46

Flank

47

channel

48

channel

49

Outlet opening

50

Flank

Various devices for climbing on a rope are known.

With reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary embodiment of a combination of a plurality of ropes, and at least two cable grippers is shown in each a rope having two ropes (1), (2) and in which preferably each an upper rope gripper (8) with one hand and one lower cable gripper ( 9 ) is connected to one foot (leg). The person wears a work belt ( 5 ) to which ropes or belts are attached in the side or rear area of the person. The fixed to the top cable grippers (8) rope or belt connection with the Arbeitsgurt (5) provides a helplessness from climbing out for a secure holding of the upper body of the person in the case. On Arbeitsgurt (5) belts or ropes are fastened, which are guided (8) loosely inserted through the upper cable gripper and connected to the integrated in the belt (5) seat board (6). This enables the person to sit down, since the seat board ( 6 ) is raised when the person's buttocks are moved downwards. This ensures that the person can both climb and stand and at any time take an upright sitting position suitable for working, the space in front of the person being largely free.

In the example shown in Fig. 1, the device allows three of the four rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) to be kept closed at all times, ie in the gripping state, and thus to be proportionately loaded with the weight of the rising person, which leads to a constant Load on both ropes ( 1 ), ( 2 ) leads. This makes the entire sequence of movements when getting on and off the ladder very similar. The skill requirements are significantly lower than with known climbing means for ropes, because the rising person can master their own pendulum movement. In addition, the design of the rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) allows the change of ascent and descent on ropes ( 1 ), ( 2 ) and vice versa, without special measures having to be taken.

The cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) are connected to one another by control elements ( 3 ), ( 4 ) which enable the cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) to be influenced with one another. This influence can be done automatically or by manual operation. Such connections can be Bowden cables, hydraulic and pneumatic pressure lines or even electrical lines. Even remote control connections through the use of transmitters and receivers such. B. on the basis of electromagnetic waves can be used.

Grippers with automatic operation, as shown as examples in Fig. 3, 6 and 7, are due to their shape or due to distance or force or speed or acceleration sensors without the help of the rising person to grasp and let go or cause the other rope grab ( 8 ), ( 9 ). Corresponding to the types of connection between the rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ), corresponding functional elements such as hydraulic cylinders and electric motors that go beyond the examples shown here are also conceivable.

The example in Fig. 2 illustrates rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) in such a way that each is in engagement with two ropes ( 2 ). This eliminates the disadvantage of tipping due to the force application point offset by the cable, which occurs when cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) are only in engagement with a cable ( 2 ).

The starting position of an automatic positive gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ) is shown in Fig. 3. The lock ( 22 ) is pivotally mounted asymmetrically in the bearing ( 23 ) of the housing ( 21 ). The cable guide ( 33 ) is incorporated in the upper area of the locking device ( 22 ), which slopes down at an angle to the bearing ( 23 ). The switching springs ( 25 ) are arranged in the upper region of the locking device ( 22 ) so that when the locking device ( 22 ) moves relative to the cable ( 2 ) when the shaped element ( 11 ) touches the springs ( 25 ), the locking device ( 22 ) is pivoted . The housing ( 21 ) is fixed to the cable ( 2 ) by means of the locking device ( 22 ). When the locking mechanism ( 22 ) moves upwards, the shaped element ( 11 ) is led out of the ball socket ( 27 ), which means that it is due to the asymmetrical mounting of the locking mechanism ( 22 ) and the compression spring ( 34 ) and when the shaped element ( 11 ) touches the switching springs ( 25 ) is pivoted so that the shaped element ( 11 ) is located below the cable inlet ( 26 ).

If the downward movement is intended, the shaped element ( 11 ) is guided through the cable inlet ( 26 ), the lower shaped element ( 11 ) is pulled through the cable outlet ( 24 ), runs against the switching springs ( 25 ) and is locked in the ball socket ( 27 ). When moving upward, the locking device ( 22 ) is moved upward, the shaped element ( 11 ) pressing the switching spring ( 25 ) downward and passing through. Subsequently, the upper shaped element ( 11 ) will pass through the cable inlet ( 26 ), deform the switching spring ( 25 ) and pass through. Then the locking device ( 22 ) is moved downwards, the molded element ( 11 ) being pressed against the switching spring ( 25 ), sliding along it and in this way pivoting the locking device ( 2 ) to the right and the molded element ( 11 ) back into position the ball socket ( 27 ) is brought.

In manual operation, the rising person deliberately opens a rope gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ). The upper rope gripper ( 8 ) used for the hands, shown as an example in FIG. 4, has a handle ( 12 ) which preferably has the three states "holding" (corresponds to gripping), "moving" (corresponding to moving the rope) and " Let go "(corresponds to security grip when the person is unable to act). If a person holds onto this handle ( 12 ) with a greater downward force, they cannot at the same time bring the handle ( 12 ) into the "moving" position, since the pivot point of the handle ( 12 ) is sufficiently wide for this purpose is located away from the line of action.

Fig. 5 shows non-positive cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) which are connected to each other by a spring ( 3 ) and a Bowden cable ( 4 ). The upper gripper ( 8 ) intended for the hand has a pressure piece ( 13 ). The Bowden cable ( 4 ) is coupled to the pressure piece ( 13 ). If the rope gripper ( 9 ) intended for the foot is relieved when the leg is lifted (initiating a climbing movement), it becomes possible to actuate the pressure piece ( 13 ) with the thumb. This opens the clamping piece ( 10 ) on the lower rope gripper ( 9 ). Depending on the direction of climb, the lower rope gripper ( 9 ) can now be moved both up and down. When the pressure piece ( 13 ) is released, the return spring ( 14 ) pulls the clamping piece ( 10 ) back into the clamping position and the subsequent loading of the foot bracket ( 12 ) increases the self-locking of the clamping piece ( 10 ).

When climbing ropes using ascender clamps, a weight is usually attached to the end of the rope or the rope is tensioned in another way so that the rope is released when it is lifted. Without this weight, the rope would also be lifted. Such a weight is no longer necessary in the described invention. The spring ( 3 ) is a tension spring, the spring travel of which is dimensioned such that it always maintains a tensile force between the upper and lower rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ). The rope ( 1 ) is guided through the spring ( 3 ), the inside diameter of the spring ( 3 ) being dimensioned only slightly larger than the diameter of the rope ( 1 ), so that the rope ( 1 ) does not have the spring ( 3 ) can go through great friction. When the lower rope gripper ( 9 ) is lifted, the rope ( 1 ) is completely relieved and is now "compressed" depending on the frictional resistance on the lower rope gripper ( 9 ). The strained spring ( 3 ) prevents the rope ( 1 ) from attempting to move sideways. This causes the rope ( 1 ) to be pushed through the lower rope gripper ( 9 ). Of course, other elastic connecting elements, such as. B. a rubber hose can be used. In certain applications, it will be necessary to design both the entire cable gripper ( 8 ) ( 9 ) and the spring ( 3 ) in such a way that the cable ( 1 ), ( 2 ) can also be inserted laterally through a lateral longitudinal opening and is secured against removal.

Fig. 6 shows non-positive cable grippers ( 8 ) ( 9 ) which are again connected to each other by a spring ( 3 ). In this exemplary embodiment, the cable gripper ( 9 ) intended for the foot acts automatically. If the gripper ( 9 ) is braked in the course of an upward movement for the purpose of loading, the inert mass of the weight ( 15 ) raises the clamping piece ( 10 ) and the clamping is initiated. When the gripper ( 9 ) moves downwards, the clamping piece ( 10 ) is pulled upwards by the coupling member ( 16 ) due to the increasing tensile force of the tension spring ( 3 ) and is therefore automatically introduced depending on the travel. In this example, the tension spring ( 3 ) therefore assumes a switching function and the function described in FIG. 4 for pushing the rope through.

Fig. 7 shows the principle of action of a rope gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ), which is able to allow a gradual vertical movement due to its shape on a rope ( 2 ) provided with corresponding shaped elements (balls, knots) ( 11 ) and to ensure a secure hold in a desired position.

The basic principle is to guide the ball elements ( 11 ) in slotted channels, which always allow the rope ( 2 ) to be in a vertical position. In the following description, the relative movement of the rope ( 2 ) to the gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ) is assumed.

During the upward movement of the rising person, the ball ( 11 ) passes through the insertion opening ( 41 ) against the flank ( 42 ) and is guided into the left outer position. Flank ( 43 ) guides the ball ( 11 ) into the vertical channel ( 44 ). If no reverse movement is initiated for gripping a ball ( 11 ), it passes through the channel ( 44 ) to the outlet ( 49 ). A reverse movement of the gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ) brings the ball ( 11 ) up against the stop ( 45 ) and into the holding position. A renewed lifting of the gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ) brings the ball ( 11 ) against the flank ( 46 ) and leads it through the channel ( 47 ) to the outlet opening ( 49 ).

When the person moves downward from the holding position, the gripper is raised and the ball ( 11 ) is brought against the flank ( 46 ) and guided into the channel ( 47 ). The load on the gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ) leads the ball ( 11 ) upwards against the flank ( 50 ) and further to the upper insertion opening ( 41 ). A next ball ( 11 ) passes through the outlet opening ( 49 ) into the channel ( 44 ) against the stop ( 45 ) and into the holding position.

The connecting elements ( 3 ), ( 4 ) described in the other examples can also be used with form-fitting cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ). The inner diameter of the spring ( 3 ) is now only slightly larger than the shaped elements ( 11 ) of the rope ( 2 ). Although in this example only the shaped elements ( 11 ) are the guide elements of the rope ( 2 ) through the spring ( 3 ), the effect of pushing the rope ( 2 ) through the lower gripper ( 9 ) is achieved. For this reason, the rope material is preferably stiff, e.g. B. a steel cable. Sufficient rigidity of the rope ( 2 ) between the shaped elements ( 11 ) is thus achieved.

Claims (16)

1. Device for the vertical movement of people from their own arm and leg strength, characterized in that the device on at least two ropes ( 1 ), ( 2 ) each has a plurality of rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ), preferably an upper rope gripper ( 8 ) with one hand and one lower rope gripper ( 9 ) with one foot (leg) is connected. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rope ( 2 ) has thickenings in the form of nodes or sleeves or balls, in which the rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) engage positively due to their shape. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) grip the rope ( 1 ) non-positively, preferably by clamping the rope ( 1 ). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) apart from the rope ( 1 ), ( 2 ) by other structural elements ( 3 ), ( 4 ) are interconnected. 5. The device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that in the cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) devices for manual operation are integrated. 6. The device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that in the cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) automatic switching devices are integrated. 7. The device according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the rope gripper ( 8 ) preferably used for the hands have a rotatable handle ( 12 ), the shape and arrangement of such a minimum distance of the force line resulting from the holding force from the pivot point of the handle ( 12 ) guarantees that turning under load is impossible. 8. The device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that between two on a rope ( 1 ), ( 2 ) located rope grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) a connecting element ( 3 ) is elastic and constantly builds up a train force, the Rope ( 1 ), ( 2 ) is enclosed by the elastic connecting element ( 3 ). 9. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the work belt ( 5 ) in the lateral or rear area of the person once firmly with the upper rope grippers ( 8 ) and once movable via the upper rope grippers ( 8 ) with the in the work belt ( 5 ) integrated seat board ( 6 ) is connected by means of ropes or belts and in addition the seat board ( 6 ) or the work belt ( 5 ) is connected to the ropes ( 1 ) or ( 2 ) in the region above the legs. 10. The device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the ropes ( 1 ), ( 2 ) run over rollers ( 7 ) at the upper stop and the ends of which are attached directly to the work belt ( 5 ). 11. The device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the device consists of a combination of manually operated upper cable grippers ( 8 ) for the hands and automatically switching lower cable grippers ( 9 ) for the feet, the upper and lower cable grippers ( 8 ) , ( 9 ) are connected by control elements ( 4 ). 12. The device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the device consists of a combination of manually operated upper cable grippers ( 8 ) for the hands and automatically switching lower cable grippers ( 9 ) for the feet, the upper and lower cable grippers ( 8 ) , ( 9 ) are not connected by control elements ( 4 ). 13. The device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the device consists only of automatically switching cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ), the cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) being connected by control elements ( 4 ). 14. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the device consists only of automatically switching cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ), the cable grippers ( 8 ), ( 9 ) not being connected by control elements ( 4 ). 15. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking device ( 22 ) in the housing ( 21 ) in the bearing ( 23 ) is rotatably arranged, in the upper region of the locking device ( 22 ) the cable guide ( 33 ) is introduced, in which the Rope pass ( 28 ) has a smaller diameter than the shaped element ( 11 ) and the rope inlet ( 26 ) has a larger diameter than the shaped element ( 11 ), the rope passages ( 28 ) and ( 26 ) are connected to a slot ( 33 ) which has a width greater than the rope diameter (2), and the springs (25) are mounted to the top of the detent (22) that during the downward passage of the detent (22) on the cable (2) the molding element (11) in the position the ball socket ( 27 ) is transported and when the lock ( 22 ) on the rope ( 2 ) is in the upward direction, the shaped element ( 11 ) is brought into the position of the rope inlet ( 26 ). 16. The device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a total of 4 ropes ( 2 ) are used, these being arranged in pairs on each side of the body and being used simultaneously by a rope gripper ( 8 ), ( 9 ).