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DE1953443A1 - Transmission antenna system for a radio beacon - Google Patents

Transmission antenna system for a radio beacon

Info

Publication number
DE1953443A1
DE1953443A1 DE19691953443 DE1953443A DE1953443A1 DE 1953443 A1 DE1953443 A1 DE 1953443A1 DE 19691953443 DE19691953443 DE 19691953443 DE 1953443 A DE1953443 A DE 1953443A DE 1953443 A1 DE1953443 A1 DE 1953443A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
antenna system
rings
parasitic elements
parasitic
diagram
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19691953443
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1953443B2 (en
DE1953443C3 (en
Inventor
Parker Ernest George
Dodington Sven Henry
Leon Himmel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Publication of DE1953443A1 publication Critical patent/DE1953443A1/en
Publication of DE1953443B2 publication Critical patent/DE1953443B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1953443C3 publication Critical patent/DE1953443C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/446Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element the radiating element being at the centre of one or more rings of auxiliary elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

jJlpl.-Phys. Leo i'huljJlpl.-Phys. Leo i'hul

PatentanwaltPatent attorney

Stuttgart-Feuerbach 1 η er ο / / οStuttgart-Feuerbach 1 η er ο / / ο

Kurze Strasse 8 ' I ö b J 4 4 0Short street 8 'I ö b J 4 4 0

L..Himmel - S.H.Dodington - E.G.Parker 25-45-11L. Heaven - H.H. Dodington - E.G. Parker 25-45-11

INTEMATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION, NEV/ YORKINTEMATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION, NEV / YORK

Sende-Antennensystem für ein FunkfeuerTransmitting antenna system for a radio beacon

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Antennensystem, insbesondere auf ein Sende-Antennensystem, das ein rotierendes Strahlungsdiagramm für ein Navigationssystem erzeugt.The invention relates to an antenna system, in particular to a transmitting antenna system that has a rotating Radiation diagram generated for a navigation system.

Die taktische Verwendung von Navigationsanlagen macht es erforderlich, daß die verwendeten Antennensysteme leicht zu transportieren sind. Bei manchen Navigationssystemen werden die Antennensysteme mechanisch, mittels eines Motors, in Rotation versetzt. Derartige Antennensysteme haben jedoch große Abmessungen, sind sehr schwer, und der Antriebsmotor verbraucht verhältnismäßig viel an elektrischer Energie.The tactical use of navigation systems makes it necessary that the antenna systems used be lightweight are to be transported. In some navigation systems, the antenna systems are mechanical, by means of a motor, set in rotation. However, such antenna systems have large dimensions, are very heavy, and the drive motor uses a relatively large amount of electrical energy.

Die kürzlich in Gebrauch genommenen Antennensysteme mit elektronischer Rotation des Strahlungsdiagrammes sind auch noch von zu großen Dimensionen und von zu schwerem Gewicht für den taktischen Einsatz.The antenna systems recently put into use electronic rotation of the radiation diagram are also of too large dimensions and of too heavy weight for tactical use.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Antennensystem mit elektronischer Diagrammrotation zu schaffen, das klein und leicht ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an antenna system with electronic diagram rotation that is small and is easy.

Das Antennensystem gemäß der Erfindung besteht aus einem Zentralstrahler und einer Mehrzahl von dem Zentralstrahler zugeordneten parasitären Elementen, die mittels einerThe antenna system according to the invention consists of a central radiator and a plurality of the central radiator associated parasitic elements, which by means of a

Ktz/GrKtz / Gr

24. Oktober 1969October 24, 1969

0Ö0822/U11 ./.0Ö0822 / U11 ./.

elektronischen Steuerung nach einem bestimmten Programm wirksam bzw. unwirksam gemacht werden können.electronic control according to a specific program can be made effective or ineffective.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich also auf ein Sende-Antennensystem für ein Punkfeuer zur Erzeugung eines rotierenden Strahlungsdiagrammes von der Form einer Cardioide mit überlagertem mehrblättrigem, insbesondere neunblättrigem Diagramm, mit einem Zentralstrahler und mehreren, diesen konzentrisch umgebenden Ringen von als Reflektoren wirkenden parasitären Elementen.The invention thus relates to a transmitting antenna system for a point fire for generating a rotating radiation pattern in the form of a cardioid with a superimposed multi-leaf, in particular nine-leaf diagram, with one central radiator and several, these concentric surrounding rings of parasitic elements acting as reflectors.

Erfindungsgemäß ist zur Diagrammrotation mit elektronischen Mitteln in den Ringen eine im Verhältnis zu den zu erzeugenden Strahlungsblättern sehr große Anzahl von parasitären Elementen in gleichmäßigem Abstande voneinander vorgesehen, die über einem Gegengewicht aufgebaut sind. Es wird ferner eine der gewünschten geometrischen Konfiguration des Strahlungsdiagrammes entsprechende Anzahl von parasitären Elementen auf den einzelnen Ringen immer gleichzeitig und fortlaufend in zyklischer Folge mittels gesteuerter Schaltdioden wirksam gemacht.According to the invention for chart rotation with electronic Means in the rings a very large number of parasitic elements in relation to the radiation blades to be generated evenly spaced from each other, the over a counterweight are built. It will also be one of the desired geometric configuration of the radiation pattern corresponding number of parasitic elements Always effective on the individual rings simultaneously and continuously in a cyclical sequence by means of controlled switching diodes made.

In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung können die parasitären Elemente als Monopole oder als Dipole ausgeführt sein, und es können für den Betrieb des Antennensystems in zwei verschiedenfrequenten Bändern insgesamt vier Ringe von parasitären Elementen vorgesehen sein.In a further embodiment of the invention, the parasitic elements can be designed as monopoles or dipoles, and a total of four rings of parasitic elements may be provided.

009822/U11009822 / U11

/ original/ original

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Figuren ist schematisch dargestellt:The invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings. The figures show schematically:

Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennensystems mit elektronischer Diagrammsteuerung;1 is a perspective view of an antenna system with electronic diagram control;

Fig. 2 ein als Monopol ausgebildetes parasitäres Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung;2 shows a parasitic element designed as a monopole with the associated grounding;

Fig. 3 eine Aufsicht eines Antennensystems für zwei Frequenzbereiche für elektronische Diagrammsteuerung; 3 shows a plan view of an antenna system for two frequency ranges for electronic diagram control;

Fig. 4 ein als Dipol ausgebildetes parasitäres Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung}4 shows a parasitic element designed as a dipole with the associated grounding}

Fig. 5 als parallel geschaltete Dipole ausgebildete parasitäre Elemente mit den entsprechenden Erdungsmaßnahmen.5 parasitic elements formed as parallel-connected dipoles with the corresponding Grounding measures.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Zentralstrahler 1 dargestellt, der auf einem Gegengewicht 4 montiert und von zwei Ringen 2 und von als Monopole 5 ausgebildeten parasitären Elementen konzentrisch umgeben ist.In Fig. 1, a central radiator 1 is shown, which on a counterweight 4 mounted and two rings 2 and is surrounded concentrically by parasitic elements designed as monopoles 5.

Jeder parasitäre Monopol 5 ist gemäß Fig. 2 über eine Diode mit dem Gegengewicht 4 elektrisch verbunden. Ein Schaltsignal wird der Diode 8 über die Hochfrequenz sperrende Drosselspule 7 zugeführt. Das Schaltsignal steuert die Impedanz zwischen dem Monopol 5 und dem Gegengewicht, so- daß entweder ein hoher Widerstand oder ein Kurzschluß zwischen Monopol 5 und Gegengewicht 4, d.h. dem Massepunkt, entsteht.Each parasitic monopole 5 is shown in FIG. 2 via a diode electrically connected to the counterweight 4. A switching signal is fed to the diode 8 via the high-frequency blocking choke coil 7. The switching signal controls the impedance between the monopoly 5 and the counterweight, so that either a high resistance or a short circuit between monopole 5 and counterweight 4, i.e. the mass point, is created.

Wenn der Zentralstrahler 1 (Fig. 1) mit Hochfrequenz gespeist wird, so strahlt er ein Signal aus, das durch die parasitären Elemente 2 und 3 modifiziert wird und so das gewünschteWhen the central radiator 1 (Fig. 1) is fed with high frequency is, it emits a signal that is passed through the parasitic Elements 2 and 3 is modified and so the desired

009822/1411009822/1411

L. Himmel 25-45-11L. sky 25-45-11

Strahlungsdiagramm erzeugt. Das Strahlungsdiagramm kann ■ durch Erdung der einzelnen parasitären Elemente in der gewünschten Weise modifiziert werden.Radiation diagram generated. The radiation diagram can ■ can be modified in the desired manner by grounding the individual parasitic elements.

Das bei dem hier in Präge stehenden Navigationssystem benötigte Strahlungsdiagramm besteht aus der Superposition einer Cardioide und eines neunblättrigen Strahlungsdiagrammes. Bei dem hier beschriebenen Antennensystem werden zur Erzeugung des cardioidenförmigen Strahlungsdiagrammes immer einige der parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 geerdet, und durch die Erdung einiger ausgewählter parasitären Elemente des äußeren Ringes J5 werden die der Cardioide überlagerten neun Strahlungsblätter erzeugt.The one with the navigation system here in stamping The radiation diagram required consists of the superposition of a cardioid and a nine-leaf radiation diagram. In the antenna system described here, some of the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 grounded, and by the grounding of some selected parasitic elements of the outer ring J5, those of the cardioids are superimposed nine sheets of radiation generated.

Wenn durch diese Maßnahmen das gewünschte Strahlungsdiagramm als feststehendes Diagramm erzeugt worden ist, so kann man dieses Diagramm dadurch rotieren lassen, daß fortlaufend und nacheinander immer andere der parasitären Elemente der Ringe 2 und j5 geerdet werden. Das wird, wie in Fig. 1 angedeutet ist, dadurch erreicht, daß die Signale eines- Taktgenerators 11 zwei rückgekoppelten Schieberegistern zugeführt werden, bei denen die Information periodisch umläuft und von denen das erste seine Ausgangssignale an die parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 und das zweite seine Ausgangssignale an die parasitären Elemente des äußeren Ringes j5 liefert.If the desired radiation diagram has been generated as a fixed diagram by these measures, then one can Let this diagram rotate by continuously changing the parasitic elements of the Rings 2 and j5 are grounded. This is, as indicated in Fig. 1, achieved in that the signals of a clock generator 11 two feedback shift registers are fed, in which the information periodically and of which the first its output signals to the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 and the second supplies its output signals to the parasitic elements of the outer ring j5.

Das im Feld entstehende Strahlungsdiagramm hängt für eine gegebene Frequenz der auszustrahlenden Signale von den Durchmessern der Ringe von parasitären Elementen ab.The radiation diagram that arises in the field depends on the for a given frequency of the signals to be emitted Diameters of the rings from parasitic elements.

Eine zweite Ausführungsform besitzt, um das Antennensystem in zwei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern betreiben zu können, vier konzentrische Ringe (15/17 und 14/16) von parasitärenHas a second embodiment in order to be able to operate the antenna system in two different frequency bands, four concentric rings (15/17 and 14/16) of parasitic

009822/U11009822 / U11

Elementen, zwei innere und zwei äußere (Fig. 3)Ί dabei sind die Ringe ]A und 16 - entsprechend ihrem Abstand vom gespeisten Zentralstrahler für das Frequenzband mit den niedrigeren Frequenzen und die Ringe 15 und VJ für das Frequenzband mit den höheren Frequenzen bestimmt. Durch entsprechende Steuersignale werden die parasitären Elemente der einen oder der anderen Ringe unwirksam bzw. wirksam gemacht, je nachdem, in welchem Frequenzband die Antenne gerade betrieben werden soll.Elements, two inner and two outer (Fig. 3) Ί are the rings] A and 16 - determined according to their distance from the fed central radiator for the frequency band with the lower frequencies and the rings 15 and VJ for the frequency band with the higher frequencies. Corresponding control signals render the parasitic elements of one or the other ring ineffective or effective, depending on the frequency band in which the antenna is to be operated.

Bislang sind als parasitäre Elemente nur Monopole besprochen worden, es können jedoch gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform (Fig. 4) auch parasitäre Dipole verwendet werden, um die gewünschte Form des Strahlungsdiagrammes herzustellen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Dipolhälften l8A und l8B mittels einer Diode 19 überbrückt, deren einer Anschluß über eine Drossel 21 mit dem Massepunkt, d.h. mit dem Gegengewicht 4, verbunden ist, während am anderen Anschluß über eine weitere Drossel 20 das Schaltsignal zugeführt wird. Das Schaltsignal bewirkt, daß die Diode 19 .für die Hochfrequenz entweder eine Trennung oder einen Kurzschluß für die Dipolhälften 18A und l8B darstellt, wodurch deren Strahlungscharakteristik gesteuert wird.So far, only monopoles have been discussed as parasitic elements, but according to a further embodiment (FIG. 4), parasitic dipoles can also be used to to produce the desired shape of the radiation pattern. In this embodiment, the dipole halves 18A and 18B are bridged by means of a diode 19, one terminal of which is connected via a throttle 21 is connected to the earth point, i.e. to the counterweight 4, while at the other connection via a further choke 20 is supplied with the switching signal. The switching signal causes the diode 19 .For the high frequency represents either a separation or a short circuit for the dipole halves 18A and 18B, whereby their Radiation characteristics is controlled.

Bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, das schematisch in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, sind anstatt eines einzigen parasitären Elementes mehrere übereinander angeordnet, um, wie an sich bekannt, eine Verbesserung der Richtwirkung in der Vertikalen zu bekommen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind parasitäre Dipole 27, 28 und 29 übereinander angeordnet, und die einzelnen Dipolhälften 2?A / 27B, 28A / 28B, 29A / 29B der Dipole sind getrennt an Drosseln 22 bzw.In a further embodiment, which is shown schematically in Fig. 5, instead of a single parasitic element several arranged one above the other in order to, as is known per se, to get an improvement in the directivity in the vertical. In this embodiment parasitic dipoles 27, 28 and 29 are arranged one above the other, and the individual dipole halves 2? A / 27B, 28A / 28B, 29A / 29B of the dipoles are separated by chokes 22 resp.

O O 9 8 2 2 / U 1 1O O 9 8 2 2 / U 1 1

BAD ORIGINAL.BATH ORIGINAL.

L. Himmel 25-45-11L. sky 25-45-11

angeschlossen, über die die Schaltsignale für die die Dipolhälften verbindenden Dioden 24, 25, 2.6 zugeführt werden,connected, via which the switching signals for the diodes 24, 25, 2.6 connecting the dipole halves are fed,

3 Bl. Zeichnungen, 5 Pig.
5 Patentansprüche
3 sheets of drawings, 5 pig.
5 claims

00 98 22/ UI 100 98 22 / UI 1

Claims (1)

L.Himmel - S.H.Dodington - E.G.Parker 25-45-11L. Himmel - H.H. Dodington - E.G. Parker 25-45-11 PatentansprücheClaims Sende-Antennensystem für ein Funkfeuer zur Erzeugung eines rotierenden Strahlungsdiagrammes von der Form einer Cardioide mit überlagertem mehrblättrigem, insbesondere neunblättrigem Diagramm, mit einem Zentralstrahler und mehreren, diesen konzentrisch umgebenden Ringen von als Reflektoren wirkenden parasitären Elementen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Diagrammrotation mit elektronischen Mitteln in den Ringen (2, j5j Fig. 1) eine im Verhältnis zu den zu erzeugenden Strahlungsblättern sehr große Anzahl von parasitären Elementen (5) in gleichmäßigem Abstande voneinander vorgesehen ist, die über einem Gegengewicht (4; Fig. 1, 2, 4) aufgebaut sind, und daß eine der gewünschten geometrischen Konfiguration des Strahlungsdiagrammes entsprechende Anzahl von parasitären Elementen auf den einzelnen Ringen immer gleichzeitig und fortlaufend in zyklischer Folge mittels gesteuerter Schaltdioden (8; Fig.,2 bzw. 19j Fig. 4, bzw. 24/25/26; Fig. 5) wirksam gemacht wird.Transmitter antenna system for a radio beacon for generating a rotating radiation diagram in the form of a cardioid with a superimposed multi-leaf, in particular nine-leaf diagram, with a central radiator and several concentrically surrounding rings of parasitic elements acting as reflectors, characterized in that the diagram is rotated with electronic means in the rings (2, j5j Fig. 1) a very large number of parasitic elements (5) in relation to the radiation blades to be generated is provided at equal distances from one another, which are mounted over a counterweight (4; Fig. 1, 2, 4) are constructed, and that a number of parasitic elements corresponding to the desired geometric configuration of the radiation diagram on the individual rings always simultaneously and continuously in a cyclical sequence by means of controlled switching diodes (8; Fig., 2 or 19j Fig. 4, or 24/25 / 26; Fig. 5) is made effective. Sende-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes parasitäre Element als Monopol (5j Fig. 2) ausgebildet ist, der über die Schaltdiode (8) mit dem Gegengewicht (4) elektrisch verbunden ist, und daß die Steuerimpulse für die Diode dem Monopol über eine Drossel (7) zugeführt wird. ·Transmitting antenna system according to Claim 1, characterized in that each parasitic element is designed as a monopole (5j Fig. 2) which is electrically connected to the counterweight (4) via the switching diode (8), and that the control pulses for the diode are dem Monopole is supplied via a throttle (7). · Ktz/GrKtz / Gr 24. Oktober I969October 24, 1969 009822/1411 ·/·009822/1411 / · BADBATH — O -- O - L. HimmelL. Heaven 3. Sende-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes parasitäres Element als Dipol (Fig. 4) ausgebildet ist, dessen Dipolhälften (I8A, 18b) mittels der Schaltdiode (19) elektrisch verbunden sind, und daß die Steuerimpulse für die Diode über eine Drossel (20) der einen Dipolhälfte (18a) zugeführt werden, während die andere Dipolhälfte (18b) über eine weitere Drossel (21) mit dem Gegengewicht verbunden ist.3. Transmitting antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that each parasitic element is designed as a dipole (Fig. 4), the dipole halves (I8A, 18b) are electrically connected by means of the switching diode (19), and that the control pulses for the diode be fed to one dipole half (18a) via a choke (20), while the other dipole half (18b) is connected to the counterweight via a further choke (21). 4. Sende-Antennensystem nach Anspruch J5> dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes parasitäre Element aus mehreren, übereinander angeordneten Dipolen besteht (Fig. 5)·4. Transmitter antenna system according to claim J5 > characterized in that each parasitic element consists of several dipoles arranged one above the other (Fig. 5) · Sende-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Betrieb des Antennensystems in zwei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern insgesamt vier Ringe (l4/l6, 15/17; Fig. 3) von parasitären Elementen vorgesehen sind.Transmitting antenna system according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a total of four rings (14/16, 15/17; Fig. 3) of parasitic elements are provided for the operation of the antenna system in two different frequency bands. 0 0 9 8 2 2 / U 1 10 0 9 8 2 2 / U 1 1 BADBATH
DE1953443A 1968-11-01 1969-10-23 Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon Expired DE1953443C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77268668A 1968-11-01 1968-11-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1953443A1 true DE1953443A1 (en) 1970-05-27
DE1953443B2 DE1953443B2 (en) 1973-09-13
DE1953443C3 DE1953443C3 (en) 1974-04-18

Family

ID=25095865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1953443A Expired DE1953443C3 (en) 1968-11-01 1969-10-23 Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3560978A (en)
JP (1) JPS4932239B1 (en)
BE (1) BE749080A (en)
BR (1) BR6913783D0 (en)
DE (1) DE1953443C3 (en)
ES (1) ES373060A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2022375B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1275579A (en)
SE (1) SE355270B (en)

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ES373060A1 (en) 1971-11-16
BR6913783D0 (en) 1973-01-02
GB1275579A (en) 1972-05-24
FR2022375A1 (en) 1970-07-31
DE1953443B2 (en) 1973-09-13
US3560978A (en) 1971-02-02
FR2022375B1 (en) 1975-08-22
SE355270B (en) 1973-04-09
JPS4932239B1 (en) 1974-08-28
DE1953443C3 (en) 1974-04-18
BE749080A (en) 1970-10-19

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