DE1596380A1 - Method and device for severing strips from glass panes - Google Patents

Description

Compagnie de Saint-Gobain, 62 Boulevard Victor Hugo, Neuilly-aur-Seine / France

"Method and apparatus for severing strips from

Panes of glass "

The invention relates to a method for severing strips from glass panes according to a previously drawn dividing line and devices for performing this method.

The separation of the edge strips, i.e. the edge areas of the glass panes, according to the cutting lines drawn beforehand, represents a very important work process in the production of the discs. Another equally important operation is that of any necessary cutting out of strips from the panes on which the test is carried out defects have been found on the panes. The manufacture of glass strips of limited width is one of them

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today because of the usual application of such strips for Construction purposes for normal work in the flat glass industry

The edge strips are usually cut off by hand. The mechanization of this work phase as part of the general mechanization or automation of almost all work processes in the production of Flat glass has led to very variegated problems. the The difficulty that primarily arises here arises from the necessity to open the through the The pre-marked dividing line creates a clean and precise separation after one to the plane of the incision Washer to achieve right-angled plane along its entire length.

The numerous attempts that have so far been carried out with the aim of solving this problem have not yet led to satisfactory results. The quality of the interfaces was always below that when it was carried out the separation process can be achieved by hand, but on the other hand with numerous other disadvantages, such as high manufacturing costs, the risk of accidents, etc., is prone to return.

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By the processes forming the subject of the invention these tile parts are avoided.

The basic idea of the new method consists in that on the opposite of the pre-drawn dividing line The area of the strip to be separated from the pane is evenly in the vicinity of the separating line over the latter A force acting over the entire length is exerted, by the action of which a limited part of the disk is bent a moment is exerted on the strip, the axis of which is parallel to the dividing line, but further away from it than that the first-mentioned action of force runs and finally on the strip to be severed is applied a wide force acting in the plane of the disc will. This moment and the second force contribute to the incision that forms the pre-existing dividing line the effect of the bending caused by the moment and the tensile effect exerted by the wide force and separate the strip from the rest of the disc.

The best results are found to be obtained if the successive stresses acting on shearing, bending and tension are increased at the same time,

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until the break occurs at the dividing line.

A first device suitable for carrying out this method for use in a horizontal position supported glass pane, which has the predetermined dividing line on its upper surface, consists of two rigid ones arranged on both sides of the strip area to be cut off, i.e. above and below the same, and parallel over the entire length of the dividing line to this extending rod bodies, the lower of which is closer to the dividing line than the upper, and which are supported in their ** end areas by jaws, the legs of which are articulated to one another. The lower legs of this Jaws can be operated manually or mechanically. The upper legs are taken along and moved by the movement of the lower legs.

In the case of a perfected form of implementation of a form of implementation compared to the one fundamentally characterized above of the new method suitable device have the rod body, which the edge area of the disc between pinch themselves, prismatic shape with a polygonal, preferably hexagonal cross-section, which is an even number

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of alternating large and small side surfaces inscribed in a circle. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the plurality of rod elements that have the same edge of the Clamp the disc between you, coupled with each other and pivot at the same angular speed, but in opposite directions about their mutually parallel axes, each of the bearings, which carries one of the ends of the axis of rotation of the upper rod element, with the bearing that the associated end of the lower element is connected by a horizontally arranged Y-shaped structure which is attached to this camp bears its ends.

According to a further feature of this embodiment, a Device for carrying out the method according to the invention consist of the large side surfaces of the prismatic elements of rigid plates, which are fixed on a hollow middle structure, and the small side faces of this Elements are due to the assigned small base areas e ... xiea trapezoidal from one between the mentioned Plates inserted tubular body formed from elastic material, the prismatic element then forming

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The overall arrangement covered with an elastic membrane will.

The details and further features of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments of devices for carrying out the method according to the invention on the basis of the figures.

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic vertical sections through a first embodiment intended for manual operation of such a device, namely after a plane between the jaws.

Fig. 5 is a corresponding schematic vertical section through a basically similarly designed, but mechanical actuated device.

Figures 6 to 11 already show the above in principle described perfected embodiment of the device for carrying out the new method.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken across this device and the opposing breaking devices acting on both lateral hand areas of the disc.

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Pig. 7 shows an enlarged scale compared to the Pig 6 one of the two lateral breaking devices.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the device shown in Fig. 7,

9 shows a vertical section through the entire breaking device, Fig. 10 is a front view of the breaking device, and

Flg. 11 is a longitudinal section through the forward end of the entire Breaking device in a plane passing through the axes of the rollers.

In Fig. 1, 1 is the horizontal position on Hollen 3 Designated stationary glass pane, in the upper surface of which the dividing line 2. was cut. Through the side stop 4, the position of the dividing line 2 is determined within the separating device.

Which is parallel to the dividing line on the top and the The lower side of the disc extending Profilieen are fixed to one on the frame 13 of the separating device

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Axis 12 hinged legs 14 and 15 of the jaws S, S, namely attached to their facing legs. In the interior of the U-profile bars 14 and 15 are eingesetst elements 8 and 9 _t, the calibration of the U-Prο-file extend and come over the entire length upon actuation of the apparatus with the to be separated from the wafer strip 7 into contact. The elements 8 and 9 are preferably made of an elastic material such as hard rubber.

How aue Pig. 2, the linear contact zone 10 of the element 9 with the edge 7 is closer to the dividing line than the zone 11 of the element 8.

Each of the jaws S, S ¹ consists of two legs 14 and 15 ', the lower one of which is extended to a manually operated lever 16 by which this leg can be pivoted about the axis. The upper jaw limb 15 will, as will be explained in detail further below is pivoted about the axis 12 by the lower jaw 14.

s ah or./.ei About one formed between one on this upper jaw Paragraph 18 and the frame 13 switched on spring 17 is the Jaws elastically supported against the frame.

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In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the same are basically the same on the strips 7 of the disc effective elements available

In this case, the two U-shaped profile bodies 20, 21 carried by beams 22, 23, through which they are given the required rigidity. The upper beam 22 is mounted in the upper leg 24 of the jaw 8, which is carried by an axis 25 firmly connected to the frame 26 of the device. The assembly takes place Via a mounting arrangement 27 which can be displaced in slide rails 23 by a screw 29 which can be locked by means of a counter nut 30. The carrier 22 is in the arrangement 27 through the screw 31, which can be locked by means of the counter nut 32, is displaceable.

The upper leg 24 of the jaw S is about the axis 25 between two positions, in one of which it the frame 26 and the other is determined by the compression of the spring 34 fixed to the frame 20, can be swiveled.

The lower support 23 is carried by the axle 25

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lower leg 35 of the jaw S mounted. This lower one Jaw legs 3 »can be mechanically moved between two limit positions by means of a pinion 36 which meshes with a toothed sector 37 be pivoted.

The one in Pig. 5 also has a stop 40 for the edge of the glass pane 1, the through a screw 41 is adjustable.

Only the operation of the first of the above-described two embodiments of devices will be described below for carrying out the method according to the invention, since the mode of action of that shown in FIG second embodiment is completely the same.

In the horizontal position of the glass pane with the dividing line drawn on its upper surface, it is inserted into the device through the clusters carrying it so that when the strip 7 to be broken comes to rest against the stop 4, the dividing line 2 is close, but x ± in any case outside the linear contact zone 10 of the element 9 is located, will be blocked after which the glass sheet in this position, ·

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It will at the same time, the two levers 16, 16 pressed down, '! Bring Se thereby daa element 9 in contact with the strip 7, and then to lift the disc by dieeea in. C seen in FIG manner. As a result, a limited zone of the pane is bent beyond the dividing line 2 ^ e ^ e over the stop 4. At the same time, the strip 7 comes into contact with the upper element 8 in its zone 11, which is closer to the stop 4 than the zone 10.

By lowering the levers 16, 16 'further, the elements 8 and 9 of the jaws ^ een the strip in linear zones 10 and 11 braced. The reaction force of the spiral spring 17 is dimensioned in such a way that such a tension is made possible. As a result, a moment is generated whose axis runs parallel to the dividing line 2 and that in the sense of the opening the pre-cut dividing line works.

By lowering the levers 16, 16 · the upper Arm 15 of the jaws pivoted about the axis 12 and thereby a tensile effect on the strip 7 essentially in its Level exercised by which it is removed from the dividing line 2.

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After the strip 7 has been separated from the glass pane, the levers 16 and 16 · and thereby the Jaws brought back to their original position.

As can be seen from the above explanations, with the new method the three forces that bring about the shearing, the bending and the tensile effect and which cause the breakage through their overall effect can be set separately from one another. The shearing force can be regulated by changing the force applied beneath the strip. The bending force can be changed by changing the lever arm generating the torque, i.e. the relative position of the elements 8 and 9 from one another, and finally the pulling force by changing the shape and nature of the elements 8 and 9, i.e. their deformability and friction with respect to the GIaS _x can be set.

The stop 4 according to Pig. 5 can, for example, also through a mechanically, electrically or electronically controlled device can be replaced, which by scanning the previously gives impulses on the linear lines produced on the disk.

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In Figures 6-11, the second perfected embodiment is a form a device for performing the invention Procedure illustrated.

In these figures, too, 1 denotes the pane of glass which in this case is provided in its two side regions with previously marked dividing lines 2 and 2 and is supported by a structure consisting of a plurality of unified supports resting on the ground. The two edge regions 7 and 7 'of the disc are inserted into the separating devices 55 and 55'. It can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 8 how the disk 1 rests on a plurality of rollers 56, 56 'or 57 and 57'. The rollers 56 and 56 'form part of a central support device 59 and 59' in the manner of a roller bench. The rollers 57 and 57 'are carried by the lateral separating devices 55 and 55'. The rollers 56 and 56 of the central support devices 58 sit on shafts 58 'and can be set in rotation by an electric motor (not shown) in order to move the pane of glass, to introduce it between the separating devices and finally to retrieve it. The rollers 57 and 57 'are simple support rollers that rotate freely around their axes. The two lateral overall arrangements 39 and 59 'are, as can be seen from FIG. 8, with the central carrying device

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device 58 by connecting members 60 and 60 · of the usual Kind of connected, which allows a lateral displacement of the lateral overall arrangements for the purpose of adapting the apparatus allow different widths of the glass panes to be treated.

With the aim of a clear and concise version of the description, it is limited to the overall arrangement 59 in the following. The overall arrangement 59 'is completely equally symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry of the

The construction of a roller for moving the disc, to which the central carrying device 58 can be completely adapted, is generally known as such.

They whole arrangement 59 is composed of an extending over the entire length of the cover housing 61 (? Ig · 7) and a series of spaced in front of the central support device 58 profile bars 62. They glass waste resulting from the separation of the side strips fall into a Sejmelbehalter 63 and are discharged from this into a suitably designed box 98

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The connecting organs 60 are connected to the profile bars 62 for lateral displacement of the device with respect to the roller bank 58, the pivot pins of the free-running rollers 57, the supports of the abreohvorriohtung ft 55 for the edges of the disc * and the auxiliary actuating organs.

It consists breaking device 55 ± m the case of this Ausführungsfor * essentially of prismatic Elenenten 64 and 65t whose length is the maximum length of the disc is at least equal and which rotate about parallel to the traveling direction of the disk and consequently of the cut separation line 2 axes 66 and 67 can. The axes are arranged in such a way that the vertical plane running through the axis 66 lies further inward relative to the edge of the disk than the vertical plane running through the axis 67.These have prismatic elements 64 and 65, as can be seen from FIG , hexagonal cross-section with three equal small sides, which alternate with three equally equal sides of greater length. The elements are hollow and covered on the outside with a membrane made of elastic material 68, for example made of rubber, which is fastened to the large sides of the prisms by means of a clamping device with screws 69, 70. The prismatic hexagonal shape

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of the elements 64 and 65 is produced in that elements of trapezoidal cross-section 71 made of a single material, for example rubber, on a metallic inner tube 72 by means of appropriately designed _{lugs 71 'of these elements, which with a u} evissen game in the corresponding number of engage holes formed in the Hohr 72. The two prismatic elements 64 and 65 are closed at their ends and there bear axial pivot pins 74, 74 'holding them, as well as various other elements to be described below (FIG. 11).

The pivot pins 74 and 74 'at the ends of the member 64 extend each in a support body 75, which is from the profile rods 62 is worn. Each of these tenons, on the other hand, itself carries a V-shaped structure 76 respectively 76 '· The lower end of each of these structures engages over the associated pin and is free to rotate about it. In the upper linden of the V-shaped constructions 76 and 76 ', the end pins 77 and 77' of the also engage freely rotatably prismatic element 77. The lower end egg-shaped Construction 76 ends in an extension 93, which extends out of iei: profile rod 62 and on the outside. Shaft 93

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is steered, on which one between the seated on the free end of this shaft disc 95 and the with the Profile iron 62 firmly connected profile body 96 clamped spring 94 is pushed. It is also supported on the shaft 93 from the adjustable stop element 97, which is one of the Forms organs for adjusting the apparatus.

On the tenons extending the two prismatic elements 64 and 65 beyond the V-shaped constructions 76 and 76 74 and 74 'or 77 and 77' sit the drive wheels 78. These ^ veins are preferably as chain wheels from the same number of teeth, which are connected to one another by the chain 79 so that they move at the same speed rotate in opposite directions to each other. To the passage of the edge of the disc between the To enable V-shaped constructions 76 and 76 ', the chain 79 is passed through pairs of rags 80 - which are f rotate freely about its axis 83 firmly connected to this construction.

On at least one of the tenons 74 and 74 'of the element the Had 82 is mounted, which is kinematically linked to the one on which the drive for the various movements of the overall

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arrangement forming V / elle b \ featen wheel 83 is coupled.

The wheels 82 and 83 are sprockets "linked together by the short * chain 85. One of those struggles, preferably the wheel 83, is a freewheel, which is equipped with an internal ratchet device, which it enables the rim to rotate freely around the hub in one of the two directions of rotation. .

The two are also locally adjustable on the Yfelle 84 Crank arms 86 and 87 attached, which can optionally be combined into a single such organ. The free end of the crank arm 87 is attached to the compressed air cylinder 89t which is arranged underneath the bench 58, firmly connected to the profile iron 62, articulated moving piston rod 88 This cylinder can act on the bank 58 in any lateral position of the overall lateral arrangement 59. On the end of the crank arm 86 sits a roller 91> which is firmly connected to the V-shaped structure 76 sliding guide 90 can move, the mode of operation will be explained below.

Before switching on the device, the two are

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other symmetrical lateral Gesant arrangements 59 and 59 ' moved in the lateral direction with respect to the central supporting structure 58 into a position in which their spacing is adapted from each other to the width of the glass panes to be treated

So the working conditions are first determined for each of the separating devices 55 and 55 'and these are then set accordingly by actuating the adjusting elements if necessary _a CHSE 67 of the prismatic member 65 continuous vertical plane is offset by a convenient measure with respect to the plane passing through the axis 66 of the element 64 vertical plane after the edge of the disc out further that the surfaces of the one opposite of the disc and of the other prismatic element 6JE and, 65 are one of the three large side surfaces of these elements and finally that the compressed air cylinder 89 is in an appropriate position, namely its piston rod 88 is extended and therefore the roller 91 is in the highest position of the sliding guide 90

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finds. After these working conditions have been set, the disc is placed on the apparatus and arranged so that the previously cut dividing lines are parallel to the axes 66 and 67 of the breaking device. The separation process is then started in that the cylinder 89 is pressurized with compressed air, thereby its piston up to is retracted to the bottom of the cylinder and via the connection between the piston rod 88 and the crank 87 a Rotation of the shaft 84 is brought about this crank to which it is connected. The amplitude of this rotation is determined by the path that the hollow 91 in the fixed at the end of the crank 86 sliding guide 90, which itself firmly with the crank 87 is connected, travels.

This path of the hollow 91 in the sliding guide 90 consists, as is readily apparent, of two sections, the first of which is an arc of a circle, the center of which lies on the axis of the shaft 84. As a result, in this first region of its travel, the roller 91 has no effect on the sliding guide 90 and only enables the shaft 84 and the crank 86 to be at the same angle about their common axis. This rotation, which is also brought about by the had 83, is transferred to the chain wheel 82 via the chain 85

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transmitted so that this is a rotation of 60 as a result of the Angular movement of the axis of the crank 86 in this first Phase executes.

At this point in time at which the wheel 82 is firmly seated on one of the journals 74 and 74 'of the element 64 If 78 is coaxial, the wheel 78 is itself through the crossed chains 79 with the other wheels 78, which sit on the journals 77 and 77 'of the element 65, connected and it results since all wheels 78 are designed to be identical to one another are, a rotation of both the element 64, as well as in the opposite sense of the element 65 by 60. Then lie the two surfaces defined by a small cross-sectional side of these two elements opposite each other and are due to .the different lengths of the sides of the cross-section of the Element further away from the axis of rotation than the other surfaces. As a result, the element 64 hits the edge area exerted an upward bending stress on the sheet of glass in the previously formed incision causes a first separating stress.

During this first phase, PrebiLuft is introduced into the central hollow space of the two elements 64 and 65,

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. Which acts on the. Approaches 71 * of the elements 71 and these in the radial direction pushes as far outwards as the elastic deformation possibility of the membrane covering it 68 allows. This causes the zone of the glass pane lying between the elements 64 and 65 to be pinched. Because of the relative position of the axes of elements 64 and 65 at the end of this first phase, the incision at the same time the two stresses, namely the shearing and the bending stress, exercised.

Pie tensile stress, which should be superimposed on the two forces explained above, in order to achieve the desired separation to bring about the edge after the pre-drawn! dividing line 2 is exercised by the roller 91 when this is their Yfeg ended along the first section of the sliding guide 90 Due to the pulling action of this role, either the construction 76 about the axis 66 is opposite to that Action of the spring 94 or the element 64 about its own axis, in both cases towards the outside of the disc pivoted. As a result, the edge of the disc, which is constantly wedged between the elements 64 and 65, is

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called direction and it results in the area of the pre-drawn incision which is the other forces superimposed tensile stress. At this point in time, the edge is cut off. Now the roller 91 can do the second Run through the section of the slideway freely. The construction 76 pivots about the axis 6ό by the amount which it is made possible through this path of the roll, while being squeezed der i'eder 94. The wheel 83 performs the same movements around the axis of the V / elle 84. The amount of rotation of this latter wheel, or rather, the extension of the second section of the slideway is still so large that it brings about a further rotation of the wheels 78 by 60 and, accordingly, of the elements 65 and 66, from which in the meantime the air contained therein softens. The between These elements are fitted with separated windows on the pane falls down and breaks by falling on ciie .. 'andun ^ en of the device, whereupon the fragments in the. Box 9 ν fall and so that the whole process is complete.

The cylinder 89 is then activated by a corresponding action reversed with compressed air and consequently the piston rod 88 is extended, so that the roller 91 attached to its end now through the slide 90 in the opposite direction

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must run. As a result of the action of the pawl arrangement with which the wheel 83 is equipped, in this phase only the return of the construction to its outlet division brought about under the additional effect of the leather 94, because the two elements 64 and 65 are already in the same state as they were in during the Moving forward have made two rotations of 60 ° and therefore the two successive surfaces of larger ones Dimensions of the same are opposite to each other.

The operations described above for one of the breaking devices also occur in the other Device, be it at the same time or with a slight time offset. Then from their edge areas The freed disk then leaves the apparatus which is now used to repeat the work cycle for the next disk ready.

The embodiments of for implementation described in detail above and illustrated in the figures Devices suitable for the new process are only examples to which the invention is in no way restricted and numerous changes deviating from them

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and improvements can be made without leaving the scope of the invention to leave, do could, for example control devices for adjusting the position of the disc in the longitudinal direction as automatically pivoting pins of various designs and also those for the adjustment of the position of the disc in the transverse direction such as guide elements 99 or comparisons, which enable an exact adjustment and setting of the parallel course of the previously cut dividing line with respect to the axes of the separation devices, can be provided.

Furthermore, the separating devices can also be given a slightly helical shape in their longitudinal direction, by means of which their effect is facilitated in that this is exerted on successive, mutually separated sections of the separating line and not over its entire length. Furthermore, the apparatus can also be equipped with organs for cleaning the surface of the breaking elements, such as rotating brushes 100 and 101, which can be connected to the drive elements for the breaking elements or also independent of them. Finally, elements 102 can be used to break the severed edge strips, by breaking them down into fragments, allowing them to fall into those arranged below

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Container is facilitated, and also organs, which the chronological sequence of the implementation of the various Phases, be it for each of the crushing devices independently of the others, or for one of them, on which the further "breaking devices are dependent, control, be provided.

Claimsχ

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Claims (1)

Claimsι 1 · Method of cutting strips of limited width of panes of glass near a dividing line previously marked by an incision, characterized in that on the surface of the strip to be separated opposite the separating line, a force acting uniformly over its entire length in the vicinity of the separating line which creates a bending stress on a limited part of the disc, whereupon a moment is applied to the strip, its axis parallel to the dividing line at a greater distance therefrom than that in which the bending force acts and also a second tensile force acting essentially in the plane of the disk is brought into action, so that through the interaction of the moment and the tensile force the opening of the initiated by the effect of the bending stress The incision and thereby the strip is separated from the remaining disc 2 «device for performing the method according to claim 1 in the case of a horizontally held pane of glass with a dividing line attached to its upper side, characterized by two rigid on either side of the strip to be severed, that is, above and below it - 2 - BATH ORIGINAL 109809/0326 arranged along the entire length of the strip rods extending parallel to the dividing line, the lower of which is closer to the dividing line than the upper and which are carried by cheeks, their lower legs by hand or mechanically opposite the upper legs are pivotable, the upper jaw legs being carried along by the lower legs in the course of the movement and the strip to be cut is clamped between the rods when they are actuated 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized by an adjustable stop for the edge attached to it of the strip to be separated from the pane for the purpose of bringing the separating line into the one for the separating process required position in the separating device 4. Device according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that that the two rods consist of rigid profile iron, in each of which a plastically deformable element is inserted which is designed in such a way that the upper linear clot zone thereof continues with the strip to be separated away from the drawn dividing line than the lower linear contact zone 109809/0326 5. Apparatus according to claim 2 fcis 4-, characterized in that • that the legs of the jaws carrying the lower rod can each be pivoted about an axis assigned to each of these legs are that by a hand lever or mechanically by a pinion cooperating with a toothed sector rotatable 6β device according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that that the upper rod is carried by the upper arms of the jaws pivotable about a common axis which are held in place by a counter spring supported on the frame of the device, which controls the pivoting the leg only under the action of a force sufficient to cause the deformation of the return spring, enables. 7. Apparatus naoh claim 2 to 6, characterized in that the lower and / or upper rods in the associated with them Legs of the jaws are adjustable so that their distance from each other different Dioken of Customizable glass panes Jet 8, embodiment of the device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the rigid, the clamping elements for the edges of the soles BAD OR: g. ', · JAL 109809/0326 be forming rods have a prismatic shape with a polygonal cross-section consisting of an even number composed of sides of alternately large and small length, the edges of which can be inscribed in a circle, and can be rotated around parallel axes 9 · Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the rod elements have a hexagonal cross-section. 10. Device naoh claim 8 and 9, characterized in that that the one and the same edge associated with the disc such that they Rod elements / coupled to one another are »iS # rotating in opposite directions pivot at the same angular speed 11. Device naoh claims 8 to 10, characterized in that that each one end of the upper rod elements bearing rotatable shaft bearing bearing with the the assigned · end of the lower element bearing bearing through a horizontally arranged V-shaped construction, which in turn carries these bearings at its ends, is connected. 12. Device according to claims 8 to 11, characterized in that that the large side faces of the prieaatiaohen 8AD ORIGINAL 109809/0326 - 5. Elements made of rigid flats, which are placed on a hollow middle Tragkon faction are attached and the small side surfaces by the small base of a trapezoidal one inserted between the flats Tubular body made of elastic material Sl *, assigned surfaces are formed 15. Device according to -den claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the Geeantoberfläohe each of the prismatic Kleaeelemente »it is an elastically deformable one Membrane is coated H. Device according to claims 8 to 13t, characterized in that the delimiting the clamping elements Longitudinal surfaces have a slightly helical shape with an axis parallel to the axis of the element. BATH ORIGINAL 109809/0326 Blank page