DE1557009A1 - Vertical mixer - Google Patents

Description

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Patent attorney

Atlantic Research Corporation in Alexandria, Virginia (V.St:A.)

Description of the patent application

Vertical broker

The invention relates to a vertical mixer with an aohssymmetrical one Mixing vessel and a mixing paddle arrangement whose Aehae coincides with the mixing vessel axis.

In the context of modern procedural theory, mixers with differently predetermined flow patterns that deviate from the normal flow pattern are required so that liquids and suspensions can be mixed with one another in the desired manner. So far, a large number of misery versions have been kept available, each of which was dimensioned for a specific mixing task and was only adaptable to a very limited extent. If a new flow course or a new mixing characteristic curve was necessary, an existing mixer was modified by using baffle walls *, additional agitators ... or additional paddle wheels in order to adapt it to the _o reach new Aufgab® in general, however @f is not possible, a mixer modella zu'ändern the StrömungBverlauf or the mixing characteristics except in very narrow limits. '

The object of the invention is to provide a mixer which is adaptable to a variety of application conditions, the the mixture of high and low viscosity substances as well as of Substances the viscosity of which changes during the mixing process, and in which the degree of mixing and the shear effect occurring in each case can be adjusted as desired. the Mixing characteristics and the flow course should be within be changeable over a wide range. Ba should often run chemical reactions during the mixing process The invention also provides a mixer which has a large reaction area and a large surface area for aeration or deaeration of the mix.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes a vertical mixer before, in which within a first mixing blade arrangement of helically wound, band-shaped Mixing blades that span a circumferential surface in the vicinity of the vessel wall, as well as a second mixing blade arrangement helically wound, band-shaped mixing blades are provided, which have a second, completely within the first circumferential surface with a correspondingly smaller radius stretch.

A first embodiment of the Yertical mixer according to FIG Invention is characterized in that the two mixing blade assemblies in a fixed position to each other on one common, driven by a motor, seated on the mixing vessel axis aligned mixing shaft, of which the

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Mixed flights! protrude freely downwards * without further recess.

A second embodiment of the vertical mixer according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the outer mixing wing without sonatical support with their upper ends on a first, driven by a drive device with the Llischgefäßachae coaxial mixing shaft are suspended and that the inner mixing blades without further support with their upper ends on a second, driven by a drive device, are suspended concentric to the first mixing shaft and independently of the same rotatable mixing shaft Embodiment is also proposed that the drive devices are each independent of one another in the Speed controllable and reversible.

The invention enables a vertical mixer and reaction device an optimal setting of the mixing ratios for liquids and dissolving as well as a setting the reaction time to a minimum value by enlarging the mutual contact ability of the reaction product. the The use of baffles or other aids is no longer necessary with the new vertical mixer.

An important feature of the vertical mixer according to the invention lies in the fact that it does not have a central wave for the mixing blades, so that the flow within the Mischers in the central area does not experience any hindrance and that

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Sensing devices for measuring the temperature or other parameters can be introduced into the central area of the mixer. To take advantage of the latter option, the invention suggests ^; It is also necessary to design the mixing shaft as a hollow shaft, «o.; -... that the sensing devices can be inserted into the mixing vessel through the hollow mixing shaft.

In the new vertical mixer, a foot bearing can also be provided to support the foot end of the mixer blades. Such a foot bearing is advantageous for mixing highly viscous mixes.

According to the invention, the screw direction of the outer and inner wings of the new vertical mixer equal or opposite be, whereby the mixing ratios can be influenced in each case in certain ways.

The mixing vessel of the vertical mixer according to the invention can in the form of an axially symmetrical cylinder, a truncated cone or a combination of cone and cylinder sections be, wherein the bottom part can also be designed as a spherical segment. The mixing vessel preferably has on the A dispensing opening at the bottom.

By the respective structural design of the mixing blades as well as by changing the relative rotational speed and -direction with independently rotating mixing blades

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the new vertical mixer can be used to generate a multitude of flow patterns, flow velocities and degrees of shear efficiency of the mixing process.If, for example, mixing blades screwed in opposite directions are turned so that the mixture is pressed down by the outer blades, it is pushed in the opposite direction by the inner blades, i.e. up, moved. When both mixing blade arrangements are screwed in the same direction, the mix is pressed down by the inner and outer blades and squeezes upwards between these two downward currents. A rotation in the opposite direction leads to a conveyance of the mixed material close to the top through the inner and outer mixing blades. This is particularly desirable when the material to be mixed is to come into contact with a vapor space located above its surface. In this way of working, the movement of the Misoh property is large and a large proportion of the Miaohgutee coauat ijmerlialb a short period of time with the steam atmosphere ia contact, which leads to an action. Entepr © cli @ M © s applies to the mi®rwiMBGttQT Bampfo if both Miechflügelanordiiungen the Misohgii-I near down -drüekea imd ii® Ausexunischflügelaziord-.

tion a corresponding distance from the inner wall of the vessel there is an upward flow of the mix immediately in the border area of this inner wall, so that one obtains a large contact area and thus a large shear effect.

If the slope, i.e. H. the distance between adjacent screw turns, the outer misenflights1 greater than the The slope of the inner Misenflug1 is determined by the outer mixing blades a greater force than transmitted to the mix by the internal mixer blades, so that the mix quickly through a dispensing opening at the foot of the mixing vessel can be pressed out.

Because the design of the mixing blades in accordance with the invention changes the flow path of the material to be mixed can be, you can easily control the mixing process with the vertical mixer according to the invention. In particular, lets a respectively desired Schey effect adjust and drive a specified mixing curve. The vertical mixer according to the invention also enables a fast and homogeneous

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Absence of a decentralized wave within the vesicle The new vertical mixer also enables this central area to be used for changing the Flow course and also has the effect of that a large elastic deformation for the mixing blades to absorb the various stresses and impacts heavy mixtures are allowed. The aforementioned measurement of parameters within the mix can be due to the lack of a central wave in each horizontal Level of the same *

In the case of a vertical mixer with a conical mixing vessel 3 you can provide a lifting device for die.Mischflügel according to a further proposal of the invention, whereby respectiveB the distance between the spanned by the outer mixing blades UmI on the surface and the inner surface of the mixing vessel can be changed if you lift the Miechflügel or lowers * This also makes it possible to reduce the current

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to influence the course of the mix in the mixing vessel.

Other features and advantages of the vertical mixer according to the invention will emerge from the following description of some preferred embodiments thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings. '

In the drawings show:

1 shows a vertical miecher with an essentially cylindrical mixing vessel,

2 shows a vertical mixer with a conical mixing vessel,

3 shows a vertical mixer corresponding to FIG with modified interior smelling wings,

4 shows a vertical miecher corresponding to FIG. 2 with a lifting device for changing the Gap between the outer mixing blades and the inner wall of the mixing vessel, and

Fig. 5 shows a vertical mixer with independently rotatable outer and inner Miechflügein as well as a lifting device for changing the gap between the outer wings and the inner wall of the dee llischgefäßes.

In the vertical mixer according to FIG. 1, the axis 11 of a cylindrical mixing vessel 10 is oriented vertically and

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by a hemispherical bottom part 12 with a dispensing opening 13, which let equipped with a closure device 14, closed at the bottom. On a mixing shaft 16, which is aligned coaxially to the vessel axis 11, are seated helically wound, band-shaped external mixing vanes 15. The mixing shaft 1 $ is driven by a drive device, for example a. Motor 17, driven and ending in the starting point of the Rliflehflügel 1 ür. The outer mixing blades 15, when they circulate, span a limp flow area in the immediate vicinity and in the form of the irises 18 of the mixing vessel IQ. On the mixing shaft 16 also sit helically wound, band-shaped inner meeing blades 1-9 _f . whose circumferential area is located completely within the circumferential area of the Außenmiaohflügel 15. The outer missile wing 15 and the inner missile! 19 are wound in opposite screw directions, if the mixed-wing 1 arrangement in the clock face corresponds to that shown in fig. 1 paid a. Arrow g «is thrown, press the outside wing! 15 the mix down, and the Innenmiachflügel 19 convey the mix up. This results in a downward flow of the mixed material along the inner surface 18 dtβ Miechgtfäflie 10 and an upwardly directed flow of the mixed material>

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through the center of the mixing vessel 10 under the action of the mixing blades 19. A maximum shear action occurs along all edge surfaces of this flow. In the context of the invention, the direction of rotation of the mixing blades 15, 19 can also be reversed so that the mix flows under the action of the outer mixing blades 15 upwards along the inner surface 18 of the mixing vessel 10 and down through the center of the mixing vessel 10. This is advantageous if a large proportion of the material being mixed is to be placed in a steam atmosphere above the surface of the material being mixed so that the mixture is aerated or de- aerated.

To remove the material to be mixed from the mixing vessel 10, the Closure device 14 opened, so that the mixed material through dl « Output opening 13 can emerge. To promote stepping up of the material to be mixed, the mixing blades 15, 19 are rotated in a clockwise direction so that the outer mixing blades 15 dispense the material to be mixed in the direction of the vessel bottom 12 and through the dispensing opening 13 push out. The outer mixing wings 15 have a comparison to the Innenmischflügein 19 on a larger slope. this ensures that a larger amount of mix from the outside

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miü-chf lügein 15 is pushed downwards than through the inner miachflügel 19 can be raised »This makes it easier for the mixed material to exit the mixing vessel 10.

The Yertikalmiseher of Figure 2 is in terms of its mode of operation similar to the vertical mixer of FIG. However, its mixing vessel is 20 and those by its external mixing blades 25 spanned circumferential surface conical, with the base of the cone is on top. The mixing vessel 20 has a vertically aligned axis 21 and has in its foot part an output opening 23 with a closure device 24. The outer mixing blades 25 follow the shape of the inner wall of the Mixing vessel 20 and are held on a mixing shaft 26 which is driven by a drive device, for example a motor 27. The mixing blades 25 tension a while rotating Circumferential surface that is close to the inner wall 28 of the Mixing vessel 20 is located. In addition, on the mixing shaft 26, inner mousing blades 29 are seated, which have a second inside the first circumferential surface, Clamp a conical circumferential surface. the Innenmisohflügel 29 are with opposite screw directions like dl · external mixing wing 25 wound. So if the mixer blades 25, 29, as indicated by an arrow in FIG.

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gerrichtung are driven, results in a along the Inner surface 28 of the mixing vessel 20 downward flow of the material to be mixed under the action of the outer mixing blades 25 and a central, upwardly directed flow of the mixed material under the action of the inner smelling wings 29. Y / hen the mixing blades 25, 29 rotate in the opposite direction are driven, the outer mixing blades 25 lift the material to be mixed upwards and the inner mixing blades 29 press the same downward, as has already been explained with reference to the vertical mixer according to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a vertical mixer similar to FIG. 1. This vertical mixer also has a mixing vessel 30 provided with a vertically aligned axis 31. In the bottom part 32 of the mixing vessel 30 there is a dispensing opening 33 with a locking device 34. On a mixing shaft 36 driven by a motor 37 there are external mixing blades 35 »of which a revolving area is spanned during rotation that will pretty much match the shape of the inner surface 38 of the mixing vessel 30 matches. In addition, there are internal mashing blades 39 on the mixing shaft 36 »whose circumferential surface inside

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half of the circumferential surface of the outer mixing blades 35 is located. While according to FIG. 1 in the vertical mixer the inner and outer mixing blades each have an opposite screw direction, the inner mixing blades 39 and the outer mixing blades 35 of the vertical mixer according to FIG. 3 each have. a helical direction of the screw. When this vertical mixer is driven in the clockwise direction according to the arrow drawn in FIG. 3, the material to be mixed flows downwards along the inner wall surface 38 of the mixing vessel 30 under the action of the outer mixing paddles 35 and also in the central area of the Misoh receptacle 30 under the action of the inner mixing paddles 39. During the upward movement of the material to be mixed, it must therefore squeeze upwards between the two flow jackets directed downwards or within the central area of the container along the axis 31. This flow distribution results in an extremely large surface area, so that such an arrangement provides a high degree of efficiency in the event of a chemical reaction taking place during the mixing. This arrangement of the mixing blades is also advantageous when additional seeds need to be worked in immediately after the misoing process, since the outer Sami blades 35 and the inner mixing

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wings 39 both press the mix downwards. If the locking device is opened, ao is in this arrangement the mix is squeezed out within a minimum of time. Reversing the direction of rotation leads to the Mixing material on its surface, which, if there is a steam atmosphere there, ventilation or, if there is negative pressure prevails, the mix is vented.

For certain applications, you can add an additional support for the mixer blades in the form of a foot bearing in the bottom part of the Provide container. Such a foot bearing is shown schematically in Figure 3 and consists of a bearing ring 80, the the mixing blades 35, 39 are supported with the aid of a stub shaft 81, which is attached to the mixing blades 35, 39. This arrangement is for the processing of mixed material with a very high Viscosity particularly suitable. However, the mix is allowed to do that Do not attack bearings 80, 81 or be adversely affected by the frictional heat generated in the bearing. Expedient

Gerweiae should use the mix as a lubricant for the bearing to serve. Such bearings can be provided in all embodiments of the invention.

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The design of the vertical mixer with a conical mixing vessel and conical mixing blade arrangement has a number of advantages, which are to be explained with reference to the vertical mixer shown in FIG. The vertical mixer according to FIG. 4 has a conical mixing vessel 40 with a vertical axis 41, a lower dispensing opening 43 and a closure device 44 for this. The mixing blade arrangement consists of outer mixing blades 45 and inner mixing blades 49, both of which are seated on a mixing shaft 46 driven by a motor 47. The circumferential surface spanned by the outer mishandling vanes 45 largely corresponds exactly to the inner wall surface 48 of the mixing vessel 40, and the inner mixing vanes 49 span a circumferential surface that is located completely within the area of the outer mousing vanes 45. If the mixing blade arrangement of the mixer according to FIG. 4 is set in such a way that the circumferential surface of the outer mixing blades 45 is located close to the inner walling area 48 of the mixing vessel 40, the result is a flow ₉ that corresponds to that of the vertical mixer 'but has a Hmbeinrichtung ^ for ^ iseli wings 45 _s $ 49 so that a desired .VielsaJil each Abstäaä © 50 between

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the circumferential surface of the outer mixing blades 45 and the inner wall surface 48 of the mixing vessel 40 can be set v / ground. The lifting device includes a rack 51 which is attached to the motor 47 · ^; sits and a 'Seimecke 52 in engagement with the rack 51. The inner wings 49 and the outer wings 45 each have a co-rotating screw direction, so that: when turned in the clockwise direction according to the arrow shown in Figure 4, both groups of mixing blades push the mix down . At a certain distance 50 between the circumferential surface of the outer mixing vanes 45 and the inner wall surface 48 of the mixing vessel, an upward flow occurs along the inner wall surface 48, since a layer of the mixed material is then pressed upward along the surface 4β kanti. As a result, one obtains another large exchange and swell area, whereby the mixing effect and the course of a chemical reaction are even better. ^: · --'-

Within the scope of the inventive concept, the one provided according to FIG. 4 can be used Training of the yertikalmischer with a Einrißh | feuajg for lifting and. Lowering of the JK ^ scliflügel also in the others Provide embodiments of the invention.

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FIG. 5 shows a vertical mower with a conical mixing vessel 50 and conical dust collector arrangements 65, 70. This vertical mower has a configuration suitable for the widest possible application, but can also have other configurations. The vertical mixer has a mixing vessel 60 ″ with a vertically aligned axis 61 and with a bottom discharge opening 63 as well as a closure device 64 for this Embodiments already described, the outer mixing flights 65 span a circumferential surface which largely corresponds to the inner wall surface 69 of the mixing vessel 60. The mixing shaft 66 ends at the junction point of the inner mixing blades 65 the inner mixing blades 70 separately and independently rotatably attached to a second mixing shaft 71, which is arranged concentrically within the mixing shaft 66 and is driven by a motor 72 via the gear housing 68. The mixing shaft 7V ends at the starting point of the inner mixing blades 70. For adjustment The distances 75 of the outer mixed flights 65 to the inner wall surface 69 of the mixing vessel 60 can be raised and lowered by means of a lifting device. _; The lifting device includes a

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the gear housing 68 attached to the rack 73 and a worm which meshes with this. Motors 67 and 72 are The speed is adjustable and reversible, so that the mixing blades 65 and 70 are independent of one another with regard to the direction of rotation and can be driven in terms of speed. The mixing blades 65 and 70 each have an opposite screw direction; however, the same could of course also have helical directions in the same direction.

This embodiment of the vertical mixer enables a variety of flow courses and mixing characteristics, of which the possibilities given with the vertical mixers according to FIGS. 1 to 4 be included. As a result, this vertical mixer has numerous advantages. The vertical mixer also allows precise Control of the respective flow course and the Kisch characteristics,

so that it can be adapted to a variety of mixing tasks, namely also to a flow course with downward pressure of the Mixture constituents, from where the same are then squeezed upwards under a high shear effect, as well as to the production a bubbling surface of the mixed material for ventilation through a steam atmosphere above the same. Besides, you can in the vertical mixer by driving both groups of mixing blades in the sense of a downward conveyance of the material to be mixed, the mixing vessel in empty in a short time.

The vertical mixer according to the invention can also easily be equipped with additional devices, for example sensors will. So can in the mixing blades 65 and 70 directly

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Auxiliary elements, for example viscosity sensors and temperature sensors, must be installed at positions? 6 and 77. Since the mixing blades do not have any lugs extending inwardly through the axis of rotation and no central shaft, additional devices '78 can also be lowered into the mixing vessel through the hollow shafts 76 and 71 along the mixing axis 61, so that measuring instruments such as thermocouples and viscosity sensors do not work can and fast winding each point along the Miseheräehse "-Be eingehsteilt. Within the Misehi ^ ¹ and 70 as well as the side walls of the 'mixing vessel

man ^ also provide passages through which a Heating barrels, coolant can flow. ■ ·: ■, - · - '"

Ber ¥ fiftikälmisc & he naeta- the invention can therefore ^r without ^ the * Ve:.. Rw & hdung be handled by "additional equipment to numerous Mischkennlinlen The Mi SCHF lugel and the mixing container he of raewea JSiscfeers jarbeiten to iE _r livering a possible InliensiveJi Äilaufbewegung country Shear effect as well as to achieve a sejteeUjen output of the mixed material together

ng, with the ^ mixer after: the '^ invention attch wle-helz-

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Claims (1)

DipfMng * T 51 AACHEN, the 7th Jim! 196? IX Augusfastfße 14-16 Telephone 34731 ^{Patent Attorney} "ie 1557009 Atlantic Research Corporation in Alexandria, Virginia (V.St.Ä.) P at e nt a η s ρ rü che 1. Vertical mixer with an axially symmetrical mixing vessel and a mixing blade arrangement, the axis of which coincides with the mixing blade axis, that is, within an outer first mixing blade arrangement tion (15, 25, 35, 45, 65) made of helically wound ,, band-shaped mixing blades, which are close to the vessel wall span a tTmlauffläche, an inner second Miecnflügel arrangement (19, 29, 39, 49, 70) is provided from also helically wound, band-shaped mixing blades, the second, completely within the first Clamp the circumferential surface with a correspondingly smaller »radius. 2. Vertical mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the two mixing blade arrangements are in a fixed position to each other on a common, from a motor (17, 27, Driven 47) on the Mischgefifiachee (11, 21, 31, oriented mixing shaft (16, Za, 36, 46) manners of the Mischflttgel rmn free tttch ü "th protrude. 3 * vertical scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that g * k «nnreichiiet, clsJ SAD ORIGINAL 1557008 the outer mixing blades (65) with their upper ends on a first, driven by a drive device (6?), with the mixing vessel axis (61) coaxial mixing shaft (66) are attached and that the inner mixing blades (70) with their upper ends on a second, driven by a drive device (72), to the first mixing shaft (66) concentric and independent of the same rotatable mixing shaft (71) are attached. 4. Vertical mixer according to claim 3, characterized in that the drive devices (67 and 72) are each independently controllable and reversible in terms of speed. 5. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the circumferential surface of the outer mixing blades (15, 35) and the inner wall (18, 38) of the mixing vessel (10, 30) are essentially cylindrical. , 6. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 4 »characterized in that the circumferential surface of the outer mixing blades (25, 45, 65) and the inner wall (28, 48, 69;) of the mixing vessel (20, 40 _} 60) is essentially conical with after , bottom aligned cone tip. * ... 7. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 6, marked characterized by a helical direction of the screw, - d-er, ^ - * 009812 / ",, ^ ,. _:> " _ct . External mixing blades (35, 45) and internal mixing blades (39, 49). 8. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by an opposite screw direction of the outer mixing blades (15, 25, 65) and inner mixing blades (19, 29, 70). 9. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a different pitch of the outer mixing blades (15, 25, 35, 45, 6-5 ·) compared to the inner mixing blades (19, 29, 39, 49, 70), 10. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized through a dispensing opening (13, 23, 33, 43, 63) located on the bottom of its mixing vessel (10, 20, 30, 40, 60). 11. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a foot bearing (80, 81) for mounting the foot end of the mixing blade arrangements in the bottom part of its mixing vessel (30). 12. Vertical mixer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a lifting device (51, 52, 73, 74) for respectively lifting the mixing blade arrangements between a first position where the circumferential surface of the external mixing blades (45, 65) in close proximity to the inner 009812 / U09 wall (48, 69) of the Kischgefäiies (40, 60), and a variety of other positions where between the circulation bottle of the outer mixing wing (45> 65) and the inner wall (48, 69) of the mixing vessel (40, 6 © J a: distance, ■ ^ (; 50 ,; ■ {% 5) is present. 13. Vertiikalinischer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the mixing shafts (16, 26, 36, 46, 71) as hollow shafts to form a the introduction of a Fühleinriqhtrung (78) ü in the; Inside the föischgefäßes (lö, 20, ■ 3'Ö-f 40, 60} enabling channel are formed. ■ 2M I ν ϋ ι ι ο- ί 1