DE1421984A1 - Process for the production of crack-free chrome coatings - Google Patents
Process for the production of crack-free chrome coatingsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1421984A1 DE1421984A1 DE19621421984 DE1421984A DE1421984A1 DE 1421984 A1 DE1421984 A1 DE 1421984A1 DE 19621421984 DE19621421984 DE 19621421984 DE 1421984 A DE1421984 A DE 1421984A DE 1421984 A1 DE1421984 A1 DE 1421984A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- crack
- free
- production
- maximum value
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/18—Electroplating using modulated, pulsed or reversing current
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
Forschungsinstitut für Edelmetalle und Metallchemie S chwä b.. Gmünd Beschreibung Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung riß-' F irei:er ()hramüberz.üge.Research Institute of Precious Metals and metal chemistry S chwä b .. Gmünd The invention relates to a method of producing crack 'F irei: he () hramüberz.üge.
Unter den üblichen Absoheidungsbedingungen hergestellte Chromsohiohten besitzen ein Netzwerk von Rissen, sobald die Schichtdicke etwa 0,7 li überschreitet. Die Bißbildung wirkt sich nachteilig auf das Korrosionsverhalten der zu schützenden Teile aus. Als Ursache für die Eißbildung sind die hohen inneren Spannungen der Chromüberzüge anzusehen. Die_dekdrativen Chromschichten mit einer Schichtdicke von weniger als 0!7 il sind zwar rißfrei,: aber nicht porenfrei. Die inneren Spannungen und damit die Eißbildung in den Ohromschiohten hängen außer von der Schichtdicke von den sonstigen Absohe,idungsbedingungen ab. Es hat nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, durch Änderung der Arbeitsbedingungen rißfreie Chromschichten zu erzielen. Als Beispiel sei das sogenannte HTHR- Bad (hightemperature, high-rätio) genannt, das mit hohen Absoheidungstemgeraturen und niedrigen Fremdsäuregehalten arbeitet. Trotz vielfältiger Bemühungen ist es bisher nicht gelungen, rißfreie Chromschichten mit mehr als 10 g Dicke herzustellen.Chromium orthoses produced under the usual separation conditions have a network of cracks as soon as the layer thickness exceeds about 0.7 li. The formation of bites has a detrimental effect on the corrosion behavior of the parts to be protected. The high internal stresses in the chrome coatings are to be regarded as the cause of the pitting. The decorative chrome layers with a layer thickness of less than 0! 7 il are free of cracks, but not pore-free. The internal tensions and thus the formation of pits in the ears depend not only on the thickness of the layer but also on the other absorption conditions. There has been no lack of attempts to achieve crack-free chrome layers by changing the working conditions. One example is the so-called HTHR bath (high temperature, high rätio), which works with high isolation temperatures and low foreign acid contents. Despite various efforts, it has not yet been possible to produce crack-free chrome layers with a thickness of more than 10 g.
In der Praxis zeigen sich die ersten Risse schon nach 2 - 3 g.. Be wurde nun gefunden, daß durch Anwendung von pulsierendem Gleichstrom rißfreie und spannungsarme Chromüberzüge von praktisch beliebiger Schichtdicke hergestellt werden können. Die Anwandung "uon pulsierendem- Gleiohstromg wie ihn beispielsweise ein. Einphäsengleohrichter liefert, wurde bisher bei der Ohromab:scheidung vermieden. Die allgemeine Ansicht ist, daß.für eine einwandfreie Ohromabscheidung ein Gleichstrom möglichst geringer Restwelligkeit erforderlich ist. Es ;stellt deswegen eine Überraschung dar, daß es möglich ist, mit stark pulsierendem Gleichstrom rißfreie Chromschichten abzuscheiden, Wesentlich bei dem. neuen Verfahren ist, daß die Stromstärke während einer Periode von einem Wert, der höchstens 10 j des Maximalwertes beträgt, auf einen. Maximalwert ansteigt und am Ende der Periode wieder auf den Ausgangswert zurückgeht. Die Frequenz der Perioden kann hierbei in weiten Grenzen schwanken; als geeignet hat sich eine- Frequenz von 100 Hz erwiesen. Ferner ist wesentlich, daß die Abscheidungstemp.eratur nicht kleiner als 300 C ist. Rißfreie Chromschichten können nach dem neuem Verfahren in allen gebräuchlichen Chrombädern mit Sulfat oder Schwefelsäure, Flußsäure oder Kieselflußsäurealse Fremdsäure hergestellt werden. Für sulfäthalti.ge Bäder sind höhere Abscheidungstemperat uzen erforderlich. Die Stromausbeute nach dem neuen Verfahren ist höher als bei den bisherigen Verchromungsbedingungen. Bei en-tspre'eherideri"Abschedungsbedingungen können nach dem Verfahren verhältnismäßig weiche und weniger spröde Niederschläge mit Viekershärten von etwa 300 kp/mm:2 hergestellt werden.In practice, the first cracks appear after 2-3 g. It has now been found that crack-free and low-stress chromium coatings of practically any layer thickness can be produced by using a pulsating direct current. The use of pulsating continuous currents, such as those supplied by a single-phase glow lamp, has so far been avoided in ear separation. The general view is that a direct current with as little residual ripple as possible is required for proper ear separation. It is therefore a surprise That it is possible to deposit crack-free chromium layers with strongly pulsating direct current, it is essential in the new method that the current intensity increases during a period from a value which is at most 10 j of the maximum value to a maximum value and at the end of the period The frequency of the periods can fluctuate within wide limits; a frequency of 100 Hz has proven to be suitable. Furthermore, it is essential that the deposition temperature is not less than 300 C. Crack-free chromium layers can after new process in all common chrome baths with sulfate or sulfuric acid re, hydrofluoric acid or silicofluoric acid as foreign acid can be produced. For baths containing sulphate, higher separation temperatures are required. The current yield according to the new process is higher than with the previous chrome plating conditions. With en-tspre'eherideri "deposition conditions, relatively soft and less brittle precipitates with Viekers hardnesses of about 300 kp / mm: 2 can be produced using the process.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEF0037929 | 1962-10-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1421984A1 true DE1421984A1 (en) | 1968-11-07 |
Family
ID=7097128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19621421984 Pending DE1421984A1 (en) | 1962-10-01 | 1962-10-01 | Process for the production of crack-free chrome coatings |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1421984A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2555834A1 (en) * | 1974-12-11 | 1976-06-16 | Physikalisch Tech Entwicklungs | PROCESS FOR QUENCHING METAL SURFACES BY GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF QUENCHING METALS WITH HIGH CURRENT DENSITY |
FR2363644A1 (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1978-03-31 | Inoue Japax Res | GALVANOPLASTY PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
EP0565070A1 (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1993-10-13 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Electroplating process |
WO2002033150A2 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-04-25 | Tecnu, Inc. | Electrochemical processing power device |
-
1962
- 1962-10-01 DE DE19621421984 patent/DE1421984A1/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2555834A1 (en) * | 1974-12-11 | 1976-06-16 | Physikalisch Tech Entwicklungs | PROCESS FOR QUENCHING METAL SURFACES BY GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF QUENCHING METALS WITH HIGH CURRENT DENSITY |
FR2294251A1 (en) * | 1974-12-11 | 1976-07-09 | Physikalisch Tech Entwick | PROCESS FOR TREATMENT OF METAL SURFACES BY GALVANIC DEPOSIT OF PROTECTIVE METALS BY MEANS OF HIGH DENSITY CURRENTS |
US4092226A (en) * | 1974-12-11 | 1978-05-30 | Nikolaus Laing | Process for the treatment of metal surfaces by electro-deposition of metal coatings at high current densities |
FR2363644A1 (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1978-03-31 | Inoue Japax Res | GALVANOPLASTY PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
US4496436A (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1985-01-29 | Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated | Pulse electrodepositing method |
EP0565070A1 (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1993-10-13 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Electroplating process |
WO2002033150A2 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-04-25 | Tecnu, Inc. | Electrochemical processing power device |
WO2002033150A3 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2006-03-09 | Tecnu Inc | Electrochemical processing power device |
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