DE1491197A1 - Face mask - Google Patents

Description

; - _{:: Ε} U91197

M 1886

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul ',

Minnesota 55101, V.St.A.

Face mask

The invention relates to a "cold weather" molded porous fiber material existing face mask that encompassed the i? ase and mouth £ 1 and autogenously generates warm breathing air, even if the ambient temperature is, for example, -55 C.

As the drawing shows, the face mask consists essentially of a light, porous fiber material round cap-shaped shape. The mask is 30 tall that it is about nose, mouth and chin in non-narrowing, forming a distance Way Fits · The mask can be shaped to fit has a fairly tight edge fit, so that when breathing the entire air flows in and out through the porous fiber material. This design therefore does not inadmissibly interfere with the breathing requirements of people who do medium-heavy work or do exercises. The mask is comfortable and is held in place by a light, elastic headband. The total weight the mask including the headband

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less than 28 grams ^The:.; : The details of the mask shown in the drawing will be described later.

The heating takes place autogenously, mostly when flowing through the fine pores of the fiber material absorbs the cold, dry air, heat and moisture that is drawn in earlier exhalations of warm breath originate from, of course V / poor and moisture from the wearer's breathing syst em recorded. The condensation of water vapor in the Fiber structure releases V / arms. The fibers are kept in a moist state. The porous mask therefore works like a heat exchanger and moisten it while you exhaled Air as a poor and moisture-transmitting one Means serving. The air sucked in and the breath exhaled mix, to be sure, something between the I.iaske and the Face existing air space, the entire air flowing through the mask is not inhaled, but is also a completely tight! system possible.

It has now surprisingly been found that the new face mask has a self-regulating effect, so that the warm air inhaled has a temperature of at least 15 ° 0, regardless of how cold the temperature of the ambient air is (up to -55 0). The moist porous fiber structure is held so warm that no ice forms and that the pore · do not clog the structure is made such that the receiving condensed water does not restrict the breathing possibility inadmissible through the mask, even a collapse of the mask during Inhalation causes. The porous mask makes that possible

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Inhalation at all temperatures · Even under unfavorable conditions Conditions remain the mask for at least one Can be worked for an hour, and usually for many hours before clogging occurs and requires replacement

Other advantages are that the TTase, Protects the chin and the front of the face from wind and frost and maintains a protective layer of warm air over these parts · The mask is compact, light, comfortable and does not interfere with the Make excessive facial movements when speaking normally * The i / aske can be worn in the case of severe problems. The mask is permanent and can be rinsed or washed repeatedly And be witderverv / enoet, so that never while tin he , / int.rsviit or during müirtrtr '.Vint er ζ tit on

I have known that the upper; -; in * :. tnunijSweg the cold:. in_ ..ot: net ^ air urv; ^: Poor. and not moist, and on this V / * - iüe protects various Tiunben and keeps the vocal cords moist, so that: - a Koiil'.ndioxydausochoidunLi can take place. The cold the order., Fcbunbsluft and j faster breathing, d ^ sto is less effective this natural process, even with normal people, and particularly bti people who jinatmungsschwierißkcittn 3 · Depending kältei ¹ the air, the RESIZE £ or is _ the required inatmunästneriiie and the greater the fatigue, "utaen * This crliliirt r ^ ilv / else to" ^T or the value of a preheated ': ina-craungsluft (See · .ifallccr and Wells, in American journal of I eäicine, edition February 19 & 1)

The use of the new mask has the effect of people who work in cold weather and especially in weather below ⁰ ° C or in cold and acidic cooling systems and who are active

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they feel more comfortable, and breathing is almost normal have without wheezing and cramp, furthermore the heart and the Do not overuse and strain the lungs, and irritate the frontal sinus and the inhalation path less. The humidity The inhaled air is on a moisture level kept the drainage in the upper inspiratory path holds within low limits even at very low ambient temperatures. Users can be more energetic work and suffer less from fatigue "

The new mask is particularly beneficial for people who suffer from bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, frontal sinus suppuration, strep throat or tan (angina pectoris). Some people in this group are so sensitive, 'that they remain constantly during the cold weather at home and even tin short walk to the "scooping fresh ^{air: t} out of the house can not be run without the people discomfort or pain feel and even their lives It is well known that angina pectoris can arise from walking or working on cold days, and that the colder the day, the greater the risk. Studies have shown that it is mainly that. 'Inhaling cold air, but not outdoor exercise, which is the cause of these attacks (cf. Medical V / orld TTews,

April 26, 1963, pages 35 and 36) ♦

The new face mask has a wide range of uses in cold • weather for adults and children who

enjoy comparatively good health, but who, by wearing the new mask, are more comfortable, Maintain performance, endurance and health.

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Examples of field workers who can use the mask usefully are mail deliverers, police patrols, soldiers, telephone workers, railway workers, seamen, construction workers, newspaper deliverers, snow shovels, workers in cold stores or the like. Outside activities where participants and spectators can use the mask are Snowshoeing, ice skating, ice fishing, igis sailing, sledging, Wandemi hunting, in parade marching and so on, "researchers miners and work *-workers in the Arctic and Antarctic zones where temperatures of -45 C and measured lower, can

ο It is advantageous to use the mask. Temperatures are below -34 0

in some V / intern in certain residential areas at TTSA, Canada and Europe measured in front of /

.. s v / urd'o surprisingly found that the new Kaskt can also be used as a hot air mask The temperature of the inhaled air is significantly below the To lower the temperature of the inhaled air, as well as the moisture content and relative humidity of the inhaled air Increase air, and the ^ ase and the anterior facial surface to protect. In this case, the exhaled breath has a cooling effect on the porous structure of the mask. I; s was For example found that * people who have an ambient temperature of 60 ° C, inhaled air with an average temperature of 38 ° when wearing the mask This can be of great benefit to those who will be exposed to very hot desert conditions, especially those exposed when acclimatization is not possible. The reduced water loss from the body reduces the need for drinking water. The mask is also beneficial for industrial workers

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who work in the vicinity of blast furnaces, glass ovens, drying and baking ovens, cooking rooms, etc. For certain metallurgical work, the workers have to enter hardening furnaces which are kept at a temperature of 02 ° C. The new mask lowers the temperature of the inhaled air to 4-3 ⁰ C

The practical value · and di ^ economic ^1T utzbarkeit for this cold air and HeiJiluft-Verv / endings crfor-. dert ein l.iaske, di-_ differs in design and work from the well-known face masks that are already used as filter masks for commercial, hospital and health purposes in order to remove particles (dust, Tebul, spray materials or Microorganisms) from the air to be inhaled or exhaled. Bandages, handkerchiefs, gloves, necktie, fur rush, gauze masks ud & l. are - often off

Despair has been used to protect the face somewhat and to serve as an intermediate layer that warms the cold air a little or cools the arm air that is breathed through and around in such a face covering. "S is known to be able to temper that Respirator.η OTDR Schutzmasktn by the At ^ m heated v / irdtn and the flowing cold air · V / hen these different versions Sv-it years and some _soj;. Ar were used for centuries , re ^ t.-n is not the creation of a simple, feather-light face mask of the type according to the invention, which has an unforeseen usability over large temperature ranges and which combines high suitability, convenience and physiological effectiveness with durability and economy, so that the mask

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can be widely used

The advantages of the new mask stem from a combination of factors and require this combination · The cap-shaped material body of the mask should have an area of approximately 160 to 225 cm ² . The JMtIQ should enable the mask to protrude from the normal face so far that the mask does not touch the tip of the nose and the tip of the chin. The edge should be foldable, soft and resilient, so that the edge can be adjusted to the bridge of the nose and under the eyes, on the cheeks and under the chin without uncomfortable pressure and without inadmissible hindrance to the speech movements of the lower jaw. The edge removal causes almost all of the air you breathe to flow through the porous air so that no air seeps through around the edge of the air. The so-called quiet air space between the air. and the face should be smaller than 250 ecm and preferably 2t./a 50 to 100 ecm St in · The fabric pool of the I.ssko should weigh less than 24 grams · The fabric surface should be εο porous that 50 liters of air dt minute aie through which the mean pressure drop does not exceed 2.5 mm water column (measured with a precision water manometer): in a small part of the total area the mask body

consists of parts through which little or no air flows when inhaling and exhaling. These parts are the Randkantentvil, the part lying under the chin and the part The part surrounding the bridge of the nose. The effective inhalation area

2 2

is about 130 cm when the total area is about 195 cm for the mask shown in the drawing, i.e. is

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about 6c ?; the total area. When the internal atmospheric pressure drop of the mask is measured with a device in which the mask is attached in the same way as it is attached to the face, the pressure drop at 50 liters / minute is about 4-0 ) greater than when it is the air "flows through the entire porous body of the mask · It is very convenient in economic terms to measure the pressure drop by an experiment in which the air flows through the entire mask body, whereupon the pressure drop figure is used, as mentioned"

The parameters mentioned above can also be used in face masks useful for certain other purposes, for example in hospital filter masks which are usually used in moderate temperatures parameters of particular Y / ichtigkeit for ^ uccess the cold weather Lufterwärm masks that work properly in cold environments at about -17.8 ⁰ C are. These are the following parameters:

(A) The fiber structure must be made of a hydrophobic one Polymeric fabric, ζ · Β · made of hydrophobic polyester and Tylon fibers, made of acrylic. Textile binders, and Made of soft polyurethane fiber sponge structures with open or broken cells. These substances have a very low

Ge water absorption capacity, which can easily be proven by the fact that the fabrics dry very quickly after soaking in iYasser. Cellulose fibers (cotton and rayon), on the other hand, are hydrophilic and water is absorbed very quickly by the individual fibers. (This is also the case, \ ie-nn a

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easy isimen with an acrylic one. Binder takes place, since this binder forms a thin, non-closed coating that is permeable to water). If present Condensed water can die from hydrophilic fibers Bridge pores and significantly reduce porosity · The fibers get damp and wet, causing them to collapse the mask is relieved by the suction force acting on the mask when breathing.

(B) The knitted fabric must be of adequate thickness and have a pore structure created by interfilar passages in which the exhaled moisture can condense to ensure a sufficiently large heat exchange and good humidity to achieve an effect · Together with the other structural properties this particular indicator is not satisfactory unless the porous material body absorbs water Has at least about 10 grams · This can be determined by removing the edge portion of the mask and the headgear so that only the mask surface is free and available.The surface is then weighed and immersed in water, so that the surface is thoroughly wetted, removed and lay down for 20 seconds to drain and then reweighed. The TJhttrschied is the 7 / water intake number, which is counted in grams »Because the porous fiber structure

the mask is hydrophobically _t eriolgt a very low absorption in the fibers. The './as up would correspond almost entirely to the water that fills the pores

(G) The new mask remains usable and does not fill up in the nasal state despite the y / assoraufrrafeme

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together · This can easily be proven by the fact that the mask is immersed in a vessel filled with water until the fiber material is thoroughly soaked. The soaked mask is then withdrawn and hung to drain for one minute. During this time the mask is shaken vigorously several times to shake off the excess water. The wet Laske is immediately placed on the face and covered with the Itmuno. The first breaths clear the pores, whereupon normal breathing can ensue. The low pressure drop, together with the ^T Taßstoifigkeit the rounded mask prevents a Zusamnitnklappen the mask · In a similar liasict containing inen substantially T-il at Kunstscideiascrn could b_i the stm experiment no breathing ürfol ^ s and Laske collapsed ·

The Zs sizing shows a preferred embodiment of the new mask.

i? ig. Fig. 1 is a side view that is cap-shaped Kaltv / etter-Easke 1 in wearing position on one's face shows. The liaskj represents a dense, with little pressure effected Edge contact between the material and the skin and is shaped according to the face in such a way that the mask is indented over the ira, underneath the eyes, on the cheeks and lies under the chin. The edge of the mask is widened outwards and lies under a sufficient amount on the face surfaces acute angle, which enables a perfect seal. The edge of the mask is angled with an off cut fabric covers existing edge or edging strips 2 to form a soft snug fit · The mask

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is held in its place by an elastic, easily adjustable headband 3. 'can be in part of the mask is cut away in the illustrated view "to the thin porous fabric wall to zei ^ s _t, but is stiff flexible and springy, so that the mask comfortably isetzt & and their shape maintaining sowit when' inatia ^ n does not collapse. The fabric cap is s, ewvillt, so that there are several horizontal ribs over the front surface, aic the mask additionally stiffen uno d..n '.Vide-rctand gon folding increase ·, Vi_ dus in dashed lines, η lines --n shown-stelite face profile z ^ i ^ t, oie V.aske has a distance of cm.n from the Gäsichtsflache and does not touch the mouth or chin _f so that ine-Ki ^ nIadenb.v; eü, un <i is possible when speaking and in the mouth. As he says, the effective respiratory area of the I / aske has about 60% of the total area of the fibrous body.

Fiij. 2 shows a front view of the mask before the Placement on the face surface · The edge shown partially in section in FIG. 2 carries one of an oblique cut fabric existing edging or edge strip 2, which extends over and around the edge of the mask surface unö is sewn on. This strip 2 covers and holds an eve thin foldable wire 4 in their place. Di <-Sc loop 4 makes the edge of the mask more form-fitting and enables the retention of öer! "askeniorm after the Put on; ui üie faceplate

Fib · 3 is a mixed cut along line 3—3 of the fit. 2 ivn_d z ^ i ^ t schiaati the ο ^ε ^ ίΡΡ * ^ε or wavy

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the structure of the mask fabric, through, the / front cap-shaped Part of the mask 1 is reinforced and stiffened. The recessed abscimittc are thicker and therefore less dense than the Waves · This is due to the molding process used when contouring the mask, described below · This Surfaces and other surfaces that are giring «* pressed together have a more airy and porous structure, which is advantageous in heating the breath through the mask and enables a lighter Atmin for longer periods of time. The more strongly compressed vertices of the hips are less porous, but are therefore more powerful than flexible stiffening elements.

This mask type w-iot is preferably -3in - η t in pieces, seamlessly formed porous laser body on which is not is woven and composed of a compacted, shaped porous layer or ply of any interwoven hydrophobic layers Staple fibers consists of this shaped layer v.drd by impregnation with a rubber-like, water-insoluble, hydrophobic fiber-binding glue unified that the individual fibers are thinly coated and they are stapled together at their crossing points without, however, reducing the porosity of the To reduce mask material significantly. This combination of fibers and rubber-like glue results in a light, tough, washable, elastic, flexible, porous, fibrous mask structure that meets the mask requirements mentioned

The molded, unwoven mask caps can be used as . Mass product can be produced economically at low cost,

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if fiber and Τ · «imraitte! combinations as well as molding processes according to the teachings of U.S. Patent * n? · 3 064 329 of 20 · TTOVember 1962 are applied ·

example 1

* Taclist is a preferred form and a

Describe the preferred manufacturing process

A mixture of three types of hydrophobic staple fibers, all about 3 »O cm in length, is carded,

to form a fluffy layer that weighed about 245 kg per 835 μm. This mixture consists of one part of 15 denier TTylon fibers, three parts of conventionally drawn (oriented) polyester textile fibers (e.g. "Fortrel" or "Dacron" fibers) from 8 denier, and two pieces of undrawn (amorphous) polyester fibers of 3 denier. All fibers are unplasticized. IiInQ "Rando-Webber" machine sold by Ourlator Corp., Rochester, New York, can be used. The staple fibers are straightened at will by this machine and are laid into a loose, fluffy web in which the different types of fibers cross one another, so that they are held together in three dimensions shift to form a uniform sheet that has the desired cap shape. This rather coarse fiber mixture is well suited for the production of the new cold weather mask.

The polyester fibers are made from a high molecular weight polyester made from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid or

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made of an equivalent substance. The drawn j (oriented) fibers are chopped from fiber lengths that obtained from the melt by extrusion and stretching. The undrawn (amorphous) polyester fibers were Manufactured in the same way, but no stretch is required. The last-mentioned fibers have a wide temperature-

Softening range below the temperature at which the "fibers become liquid and melt. Within this temperature range, the sticky fibers, softened by the poor, can be autogenously connected at their crossing points by the action of light pressure, whereby the fiber identities are retained. The first expansion area lies below the narrow melting range of the corresponding stretched crystalline fibers sbereich of approximately 90-230 ⁰ G have · the letzterwfihnten amorphous fibers crystallize after ι rwärmen. to a soft, tacky state when further continued heating and harden and stiffen with a loss of tackiness. These properties are used advantageously in the manufacture of the face mask «Both types of polyester fiber are crystalline in the end product

That fluffy, dry, fibrous sheet will ooer a set of closely spaced, heated male molds made of aluminum, which are placed on an im Heat softening range of the unstretched polyester fibers, for example, maintained at about 205 ° C

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The loose fibers allow adjustment The Shapes · The aluminum shapes stud profiled so that they have the final desired ribbed caps in the mask body share and are preferably with a release spread made of a suitable fluorocarbon polymer, κ · Β · Polytetrafluoroethylene consists »provided that a protection forms against sticking of the piping

This formed flaky sheet is then pressed evenly against the heated molds to form the sheet condense and close to a stable molded shape standardize that corresponds to the male mold. This pressing is carried out using an in »in m: \ hmen stretchable rubbery non-adherent for example made of polychloroprene or silicone rubber Schutsdecki; on those covered with the train is flowing in shape. Tach ..in: r preheating from 1 to A seconds the trapped air is removed by S ^ u ^ auts so that the air pressure expresses the floor cover g-b'-n the form presses and the Lluske forms the molding time butr.i ^ t: about 20 seconds, whereupon ec; r induced draft interrupted and ili <. Protective blanket soiort abcnoiuiitn v / ird »The in-between hot formed Fiber sheet v; is immediately lifted off 3 ^ s crlol ^ t no adherence odor deform and dei 'Bog ^ n retains his :. Shape during the subsequent treatments

During the molding process, the undrawn melts (amorphous) polyeater fibers and intersections together · The fibers then become non-sticky and crystalline and harden and stiffen · The fibers adhere

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or do not stick "to the mold · The fibers" form inside— iialb of the shaped arch an intertwined druidimensional Reinforcement and stiffening network that supports the arch unified and -.a v / eit-re treatment of the bogon without Deformation enables · l's can therefore be manufactured with meet high speed »

awake to the hurried the-, t ^ foi'mtcn Bog. η with ■ i ^ - ^ "aqueous dispersion g ^ tr.V.nkt, which consists of öine-m hypo — all ^ rgeni— n, rubber-like, acrylisch. outside and Innons-citt, which is brweg-ndfη Esρρen. on bucket conveyors. The strengthening is made by the di-, Doclit-Y / effect of the compacted fiber structure and by the 1; ΐη-conclusion of a ^rT etzmitt -.ls favored · The concentration o \ r Lat'-x-solids is chosen in such a way that the fibers overcraogi-n and are connected to each other at their crossing points without significant loss of porosity · There is a "washing-

A suitable acrylic polymer is used, for example a carboxy-ethyl-lakry-late copolymer ;>: nd · t must vrerden to the GeV / ünsehte final three-dimensional polymer-TTU r- ^ ugsstrulctur to. ·: painted, a di- mv / ied; riiolt "n V / a sch; η ¹ uc an extended lierührung with V / ass- ^ r and condensed breathing steam -wiä-_retzt ·

v.nd follows -sine b-before ^ u & te formula with

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Hurry up

Latex dispersion of self-binding "washbaron." acrylic fabric sizing agent film (46? i solids) ( _{e.g., ö} ^tr Rhoplex HA-16, sold by Rohm & Haas Co.) 37

Water - 362

wetting agent (e.g. "Triton GR-5" sold

by Rohm & Haas Go «) I

Sufficient dye to produce a desired color (e.g. a light beige)

saturation is followed by drying and hardening on an endless conveyor that goes through a furnace during Agitated for 15 minutes at a temperature of about 175 ° O. The acrylic resin content of the mask caps is approximately 17 percent by weight (Dry basis) ρ

The individual> --- n masks are punched out and using A cutting edge is trimmed · TJm the edge is then a loop of <- * in a foldable galvanized annealed Ice ': .nd wire (butt-welded) laid by a woven, diagonally cut edges made of artificial silk strip is covered and held, which is folded over the edge and held in its place by Fähstichü · The the adjustable elastic woven headband before putting the edge strip in place sewn

All traces of the abrasive present in the djm "product are unnecessary and do not contribute to the performance or effectiveness Ils are actually satisfactory

■ τ

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de Maskin has been made in. din en after treatment With oin-rn acrylic polymerizatlcimunssmittil dit Almost rob erf laugh with a strong, hydrophobic, fluoro-organic agent for V / asstrproofing of textiles have been treated ♦

In this embodiment, the total area was

ρ
Mask over surface about 195 cm

2 was, as already explained, about 130 cm

content ranged from 3.5 to 5.0 grams, and the weight * of the impregnated molded mask body excluding the Edge strip and wire was about 4.2 to 6.0 grams, The total weight of the mask, including the headgear, was about 12 to 13 grams.

The mask has an air gap between the mask and the face surface of about 60 cc.: - The thickness of the mask body changes, as already mentioned, from point to position Grund dtr ± rοfilierung and d.-s JäOrmveri'ahrc-nfcä, b of the ribs a thickness of at least 0.5MH b-dzubaltin · In the corrugated or ribbed zone, the thickness changed from 0.6 to 1.27 ^ m at the ends of the ribs to about 0.75 to 2.8 mm in d ^ n intervening depressions, so that inwardly directed protruding high strips of highly porous masking material, as shown in Fig. 3, were created "

The air pressure drop at 50 liters per minute the total porous mask body ranged from about 0.89 to 1.65 mm of water (about 1.27 mm on average).

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i dur Alt-Biiuirunii this measurement, vyurde üit mask on a hutalliialter b ^ f ^ butts and with the convex side inwards. on the downstream iseloge-nen linden a bleeh pipe was attached, the tinv I / Anbe of 38.1 cm and a diameter of 15 »^ cm. i:; In a precision pressure gauge it was connected to a * »in the pipe wall ^ ele ^ enen ¹ TiPp ^ l, which had a distance of about 2.5 cm from the tip of the Ife.ske · The in the a-ict: r £; .. nd <.-. The air flow of the pipe flowing in v / back to a j,, v / unter ^ 1- ichbl .ib-nden V / ^ rt by means of a flow-: .iv ;; js, .rs ü -'- holls ·; ^ . D ..- r t-ntspr .cliinde Durclisciinittsy / '. Rt' if Lux't just ui .. Jirlnm ^ sf laughs dtr I.'ask. cturcli'rtramte, was i-t'.va l, yS mm-.V; .-. i5ser _o

üc-r .ii.-iJSvrauxnaiime \ 7ert for typical H &sl; en is

·. t..ii 1. viraram · The Iiasko klapx ^ t itself I ^ completely durchnjii'tem "ucr.-nde" ichv ζτι vv.:;ul·. n, / ie di.sbr its b <. sCiiri -.- b η v; ord-η

is· ·

Γ-l-jry 1 -. "'- TiCJIv ..- n ^ Snr-- ~ v ~ * \ 3" bj-.kt-n in in ^ m on ° -η K'lilr; nii.i bev / i ·. .a _n, UaIi äiee <Mosk- di>. cin-

vtic-.tr. jjuft: .uf raindest ^ -ns 15 ° C • .r -. / uri-t, -; i ·. this through in ·. 3cL- · -II-u ^ isprccu-jnide Tuermozell, j, -. Iioüg η ./urde, which is placed before cj ,: ox'.u. In a.in aui " 77 C held -ii. Vn .i-: Uil -.VU ^ iiv -U--. I ~» _.: - -itl · 'et. "-Ft;_; .Uf · "indest- ^ S ^ -3 O

■) i. ::: ^3:. X3 "^ ο ü · - ^^ - ¹¹ *"".'eruXn,'^ aI: dit inclination .η ;. ..nlauf η' .Kvi ice ·, η by Brill η, v._rri * i-_ -rt \. 'ird, v / as .lUi'Ch ai. ν. n cold Brill · niiläs ^ rn increases;. "uia Vcrnindern ues Anlaufu-ns and icing 7; ill at the top".. ^{jckrüiantv-r-τ} η ^.ι * I '' Streif η of up & samee water

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fixed to solid plastic that protrudes up and down so that it extends above the tip and beyond the tip of the mask. This does not affect the Dampfablenker Linatmun sf & Pool, the f.'aske · .. "inε improved Kontvndichtung below the Augtn v; ith achieved ö & L · the combined upper Kant..nstruktur with a on a Kl ~ BBand

located thin, rubber-like, squeezable "'Foam is not docked".

Line usable mask of the general type can be manufactured from sheet DII from ein-.ni \: t cozy, rubber-like, having an gt rings Dichtt porous foam Polyest.rpolyuräthan b ο cleats, which has been treated so - that no cell membranes are present or that the cell membranes are broken up by means of one strong force. Compressed air jet, which on di-. Foam layer is brought to the 7; in <7irkun {i can take place. ?. 'ine such off. The porous structure suitable for the present purpose has 3 ^ 'sciiaumsciiichtbog available in ica Fandtjl. ^ with .i ^ .r "Oick von

3 6 mm and a density of et \; a 24 kg ^ c m is

used; 7ord-n. Two OViI -.- zv: ckdicnlichf.r Forn,

the £: us a «m Bog..η cusg-punches v / arcn, r / ur--". η tn Oer leading edge zuamrat-ngen ^ üit, so dali after d-n V / c ^ d 'η der In ^ enf-ieit-.

outwardly tin. cap-shaped Qesichtsmc.ske '-nt st end, di>. weighed about 4 grams and had an area of about 195 cm. The mask is designed so that ".v -". S: .ntlich ·. η l.rfor—

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is sufficient. ] <; rubbing in Kant or a perimeter wire s are not required "Vin wire or ¹ ^ a perpendicular lamme r

is attached to the outside of the lawn and is with ..in- ^ m stuck on str., if ... η from rubber swan of about 3 mm thick ·., Covered. ": in elastic headband is with his '.i-attached to the mask "

This Ochaum mask is very pleasant on the face and can be easily folded up and olm ^ damage in The mask can be removed by rinsing underneath lightly washed with a warra faucet «

The pore size and the pore volume are chosen so that that the mask in cold weather (below -17.8 C) can be worn for a long time without the condensed vapor clogging the mask or the atjrcan an impermissible Opposes resistance.

Typical masks of this type are dry • an average pressure drop of only 0.56 mm of water at a flow rate of 50 liters per minute. This low pressure drop provides security against collapsing the mask when inhaling, and two? despite the soft flexible structure of the mask. The masks have a water absorption capacity of 27 grams and these masks are a hindrance not breathing, and fold even when thoroughly soaked do not join, as described earlier has been o

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Claims (1)

~ 22 - u 1β86 1 ../ I t, .. /.,. iJL Pat ent to sprucli: Cold-weather face mask that is great for lazy times Can be comfortably worn to keep the item to at least 15 ° C to be heated, even if the ambient temperature is -17.8 ° C, and which are repeatedly flashed and reused can, characterized in that the body dor E ^ aske Made of an elastic, porous fiber-like η Ilaskenstoff is formed, which is essentially "volistt'-ndig from oinem consists of hydrophobic organic polymer and a cap-shaped Has a shape that is profiled in such a way that it is from the normal face surface at a distance to the outside and a tight contact with the edge of the edge with g-ringom pressure with the bridge of the nose and the 7 / angcn as well as under the wearer's chin has; that the mask fabric is less than Weighs 14 grams and is so porous that 50 liters of air j "·;, minute the mask with - ~ a pressure drop not more than 2.5 now wet flow through, and that the mask becomes b-we ^ t from the breath itself does not collapse and tine when thoroughly soaked '// has a water intake size of at least 10 grams. " 90982970U9
BATH ORIGINAL