DE1442650A1 - Device for filtering off a liquid contamination from a flow medium - Google Patents

Description

F * A T E M Γ Λ IM WÄ L T E

DR. WHTZHL ■ '-.-. ·.

D1FL.-INU. TERBAU
Β6ΟΟ NUREMBERG /

HEFNERSPLATZ 3 14A265C

P 14 42 650 · 7 - i) eltech Engineering Inc «

Device for filtering off a liquid contamination from a fluid

The invention relates to a device for filtering a liquid contamination from a fluid when passing through a fluid that adsorbs the liquid contamination Filter material with an optical color display for the degree of exhaustion of the filter material «

The need for the invention exists in numerous manufacturing and analytical methods in which one or more Components are to be removed from a fluid or the presence of these components in a fluid must be established. The invention is applicable to both a continuous and a discontinuous one Approach can be used. The fluid can be a liquid or a tias or also an out act as a mixture of liquid and gas. The ones to be eliminated or constituents to be determined can be in the fluid in the form of a separate phase or a Sub-phase are available.

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In. In some cases only a single »component · Qäer - · ν> - is needed. a single phase separated from others while in; 'others. · : ..- ■ - .: cases only the separation of a single component fodjer; - one single phase. is clear, even if other components and phases are also separated: as an example for a typical case in which a separation of herring 'en ". ■■,. = Can, the filter is ι. of compressed air to be called β from see meehani. Bruekluft escaping from compressors often contains except. Fine particles of lubricating oil in addition to the desired compressed gas: / ^ entrained water and dirt. The compressed air must be cleaned by removing the impurities consisting of oil, water and other components.This example shows the case in which the fluid contains various admixtures, ie water and oil , must be withdrawn.

As already mentioned, the invention is also applicable when it is more important about the composition of the fluid To gain knowledge than to remove certain components from it. So, to come back to the example of compressed air again, Cases conceivable in which it is not only acceptable, but also portable, with regard to the intended use of the Mt. it is even desirable that a certain proportion of the compressed air be present is contained in oil mist. However, "must then be determined to ensure the correct mode of action, whether also there is really an oil mist. , -

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A wide variety of types of cleaning devices have already been developed for de-oiling and / or dewatering of pressurized air (German interpretation T. 136 051 ) A cartridge filled with iBlaugel, for example, serves as a control device, into which the compressed air reaches after practically complete drying and cleaning and which indicates by discoloration if for any reason the compressed air is not yet properly controlled Degree has reached «Since these cartridges themselves have a Ji'i-lter effect, they serve. at the same time as a safety link.

It is also known to use so-called dryer bags made of air-permeable material, which are filled with an adsorbent, for example silica gel, for drying or keeping air dry in closed containers which are intended for a single load, in one or more clearly visible places. impregnated or coated in a smock. that in the active state; the -FüL-. The color of the filling is different from that of r.btrait's heavily moistened filling (German patent specification 366 113) the color of _; iilAUoinXROit, envelopes

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In the known cases, the optical color displays are based for the depletion of an adsorbent on chemical Reactions that cause a color change. It it is easy to see that an indicator based on a chemical reaction is limited in its application and is only applicable at all if the to be adsorbed Substance reacts quickly enough, i.e. in the case of special! in which the color change as a result of the hydration of the salt indicator enters .. 'Chemically working indicators, such as the cobalt chloride mentioned, are therefore only applicable if the impurities are removed through a chemical reaction should be,

In addition, color-changing salt indicators are not applicable even if the reason for the filtering out of liquid mist particles from air is to be displayed. If one takes a water / air mixture as an example, then all water that is in liquid form is removed when the water is completely filtered, and air that is completely gaseous, but with a real moisture content of TOO -,> is released having. A jj'arbindikat.or on the basis of an inorganic balzes but in the hydrogenated and unhydrated form gives different i? ^f arben so that each balz changes its Färb ^ at a specific relative humidity. With a relative ■■ humid. "

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With a speed of less than 1ÖÖ ψ , all these salts are hydrogenated, so that the color change can already occur in a fully gaseous atmosphere. Salts which indicate colors only indicate that the air has a relative humidity which is above the equilibrium humidity at which the salt in question changes its color. The change in the color of the salt has no relation to the effectiveness of the filtering "This means that color-changing salt indicators are only very valuable when the degree of drying or the relative humidity of gas", for example air, is to be displayed.

Another well-known method of displaying the iSrschÖigung A filter is based on the fact that the air or other gases that contain the solvent vapor * through crystals of the natural Camphor is conducted, which is mixed with a dye soluble in organic solvents (German Patent 880 956). The mode of action of this camphor dye powder mixture is that when it occurs Solvents in the filtered air initially form a camphor solution in which the dye is then absorbed The discoloration dissolves. The solvent of the dye is therefore the camphor solution formed. Am such a procedure is used to determine whether an absorption filter is a

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LosUÄgsmittelirtickigungsanlage are saturated and then,. Let solvent vapor pass through. Bas known · procedures eig-r .; However, it does not allow the gradual display of the degree of exhaustion of the filter material. that the mixture of camphor and dye in one dem. , -, filter downstream test tube is filled. So-,. .-So long as the filter is still effective at all-, the -; ·. · _ indicator can not display »-Ee cannot, cannot determine ,, -. that, for example, half the filter mass is already saturated ^ and no longer works. go through - the filter ^ · ■ material and- to. Test tubes arrive | ei? * · ". = ::. holds" one · an advertisement «. j ·. : - '^. ■■ ::, -: ■ .-. -. ·>

It is an object 'of the invention _r eiaeBinriehtung of, _initially; > The type of creation mentioned * which has a much larger area of application than the known cases and * above all knows the gradual exhaustion of the filter material ·>? borrowed *. To solve this task is ^; according to the Ήτ *? ■ -: .. -:, suggested that ia aei FiIt eriaaterial particles ■ ..--. of a dye are distributed in the first place. / liquid contamination can be solved by the area · the discoloration- within the filter material s its -kp *; _; - * indicates degree of creation * The solubility of the added * ■ ^: Dye substance £ ee3 directly in the ¥ impurity is therefore ■ ν a prerequisite for the desired success * On the other hand, this is

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Application of the known combination: camphor dye as Means for gradual determination of the degree of exhaustion of a filter excluded, because there the organic solvent of the dye is not the impurity of the gas, but the camphor solution formed. - You would hence, for the purposes of the invention, the use of a dye coating put camphor crystals provided in the filter material, so they would be if liquid was present Dissolve impurities - and thus the resulting camphor solution The pores of the filter are soon at the entrance fill in, i.e. seal off the further passage of the fluid. For this reason, the dye must not to emphasize it again, serve to indicate the solution of a second indicator component (camphor), but rather he himself must be the immediate indicator, '....

By using a device according to the invention the following advantages are obtained. You get much clearer and sharper display values, because the risk that the physical Distribution effect due to changes in the ambient conditions is disturbed is far less than with chemical see Reactions. In a device according to the invention The dyes used are, in contrast to indicators, whose color display results as J? 'olgereiner, chemical editorial, chemically ine-rt. Because% .no jchefflis, ch, e

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Reaction occurs, the dye allows a much more extensive application than color changes, which have chemical reactions as a prerequisite. The use of the invention is of particular advantage when the substance to be adsorbed is chemically inert. In this case, it is then only necessary to choose a dye that is soluble in the substance to be excreted, while it is in the. fluid to be cleaned is insoluble. Another advantage of the invention is that it enables a certain constituent or a group of constituents to be eliminated from a fluid and at the same time also provides an opportunity to determine the separation effect and the remaining service life of the. each'to create the different parts of the filter element excreted. The invention thus enables the compressed air to be filtered in such a way that it is free of all liquid and solid admixtures. In addition, the invention also provides a simple means for determining the presence of a specific component or a group of specific components in a fluid, regardless of whether the component in question is present in the fluid in the form of a separate phase or not . For this purpose, the indicator indicates when retired "the element in question with unemployment assistance the filter from the fluid So it is in a number of applicatio _t;. Sfallen often not necessary, compacted ·

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To filter the air so that it is also free of water in the (Gas phase is * In this case, the dye indicator of the device according to the invention indicates the presence of liquid water or liquid oil, depending on the solubility of the dye used, an * in difference only inorganic color-changing salts can do this a certain relative humidity to monitor «Bie invention made possible on the other hand due to the different nature Dye indicator readily, the presence or The absence of XL to indicate two phases.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter medium is an oleophilic and hydrophobic substance which adsorbs oil-based contaminants in the presence of water, the dye preferably being soluble in oil. Torteilhafterweise is this as a filter material, a hydrocarbon substance, such as polyethylene _r suitable. The dye is then in the form of a powder distributed in the hydrocarbon substance and, by dissolving when adsorbing the liquid impurities consisting of oil, it provides an optical display for the 6-rad, up to which the adsorption capacity of the filter material is already exhausted.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:*

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Figure 1 is a section through a cleaning device with an ijinrichtung according to the invention for deposition of 'oil mist' contained in compressed air

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2 shows a filter element arranged in the apparatus according to above-igur 1 s _t another embodiment partly in üchnitt. .

Brook. FIG. 1, the compressed air to be cleaned is introduced into an upper flow chamber 9 in a direction transverse to the plane of the drawing. After entering the system ■ the air flow is divided and directed into the horizontal passage 10 to the right and left. The above-described air flow is indicated by the arrow 11; At both ends of the horizontal passage 10, the Euft ^; Tiäcif · '- led down into the tubes 12. In the pipes 12 there are "collecting surfaces in the form of brushes 13". These outer surfaces serve to collect larger particles of oil and water already entrained in the air flow and thus to relieve the actual filter elements arranged further downstream in the system (Reasons for the tube 12 the air enters a lower flow chamber 14, from where it is passed through a permeable pipe 15 to the top the overall> wferden optionally connected eiii Abzügshahn edged

In the tube 15 are additional impact surfaces in the form of a Wire mesh 17 is provided on which other larger oil and water droplets collect, which are thus out of the fluid electricity to be excreted.

The actual cleaning element 18 '"preferably consists of a sack or translucent tube, one made of powdered polyethylene and one made of dye particles Substance is filled, the purpose of which will be explained in detail below »This sack or this At least one end of the tube is permeable to fluid, so that the compressed air can flow through the cleaning element and can get into the output chamber of the upper flow chamber, which in turn is located behind the input chamber and is therefore not fully visible, as indicated in dashed lines in Firur 1

A device is described above in which a device according to the invention can be used «The device according to the invention, however, can also be used in other corresponding devices,

In the case of the one built into the cleaning device according to FIG Cleaning element 18 is "one made of fluid-permeable Iilateriäl, for example A'zetatgev-ebe, existing sack filled with polyethylene powder

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is, in. The dye particles are evenly distributed. A preferred embodiment of the actual filter element is shown in FIG. the reference sign 18a is designated. This filter element can also be used in a cleaning device according to FIG. 1; will. This embodiment of the filter element 18a is generally cylindrical. As is clear from FIG. 2, the element 18a has a transparent or at least translucent side wall 20 which _; expediently consists of a vinyl film. In addition, the element has circular end walls 21 and 22, which are permeable to the fluid and expediently consist of an open-pored foam, ₌ for example foamed polyurethane. The packing 23 which forms the filter bed of the cylindrical element consists as well. the packing of the sack forming the cleaning element is also preferably made of pulverulent polyethylene in which a dye is dispersed. At one end of the cylindrical cleaning element, a sealing ring 24 made of rubber is provided, which ensures that the element is firmly seated in the transparent tube 15.

In general, there is the "mode of operation of the device of the invention in that part of the constituents of interest of a fluid is excreted as a result,

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that it is adsorbed on a corresponding surface or in a corresponding substance and the adsorbed substances are made recognizable by the fact that an indicator substance is dissolved in them, which forms a solution which is easily recognizable optically or in some other way. When "adsorbing" is spoken of in this context, this is to be understood in a very general way and is intended to include both adsorption on the surface of the substance in question and absorption and the formation of solutions in the surface area of the mass. The difference between these two gates can be disregarded in this context for the purposes of the invention. The separation or filtering process can be carried out in such a way that just enough material is removed from the fluid to be able to serve as an indicator; However, it can also be the case that the excretion for the purpose of ascertaining only forms part of a cleaning measure taking place on a larger scale "whose task it is", the substances in question either wholly or at least for the most part from the fluid to separate

V / hen the elimination process is only part of a general one Forms cleaning process, takes place in the cleaning system in the direction of the flow medium throughput a whole Number of accumulating display processes.

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The foregoing general explanations become clearer when they are taken in conjunction with the one in the drawings The cleaning device 18 shown in the drawing can be considered. The polyethylene particles in the cleaning device catch the oil mist contained in the compressed air even in the presence of Vfassernebel and adsorb the oil mist The adsorption initially takes place at the bottom of the cleaning element instead of where the compressed air first comes into contact with the cleaning element. To the extent to which the adsorption capacity of polyethylene in the basic area exhausted, i.e. to the extent that the lowest polyethylene particles are saturate with oil, the oil mist passes through the saturated particles and becomes of the bottom adsorbed from further up lying rolyethylene particles. So is over a longer period of time compressed air through the System passed through, so that is already saturated with oil Part of the]? Filter element keeps getting bigger, while the fresh, not yet 'saturated part of the element becomes smaller and smaller » The tremi area between these two areas of the filter element moves upwards through the device. In the powdered polyethylene of the parent element there are evenly distributed particles of a dye es °, which is soluble in Ul, in Ii or in that of the Air flow entrained water but is insoluble. The Jj'arb, fabric serves as the aforementioned indicator. Those in the polyethylene powder distributed parts essentially require

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no coloring of this powder, but can only give it a slight shade of color, but as soon as possible a layer or a group of polyethylene particles made of oil adsorbed in the compressed air flow, see the .Dye or Indicator particles in that adsorbed by the polyethylene ül and thus lead to a corresponding coloration of the oil-containing Area of the cleaning system in a very specific Color. This colored section of the filter element is through the translucent fabric of the sack in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and through the transparent one or translucent ^ 7and at the execution + Orm clearly visible according to FIG.

To the extent that the successive layers of polyethylene powder form soak with oil, the colored area of the filter becomes larger, and the dividing line between the already used one and the still fresh part of the cleaning device moves upwards. The sum of the various individual display processes carried out in the filter element thus represents a visual display, with the help of which the remaining The service life of the filter element is clear from the but at the same time also the separating effect and with appropriate Calibration in a certain system the degree of separation becomes recognizable.

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The description has so far been limited to an embodiment of the invention in which the separating effect is particularly important. As from the above, however. also emerges, get essentially _; also then the same measures and devices .for use ,,. if only an indication as such was received. should be, but can then be used in much smaller quantities. For example, to determine whether a particular flow of compressed air an oil mist-containing _f: this can be done by a probe is input in the ütrom which consists of a FJ Iterelement · that seinersei ts. Contains a small amount of powdery polyethylene in which particles of an oil-soluble dye are dispersed. In the event that oil is present in the & asstrom _; , V / ill be it in polyethylene adsorbed and accumulated so that in dadurek.das Polyäthylen.enthaltene _t oil dissolves the dyes and the ■. rolyäthylenpulyer assumes a certain color. ■. ./

The above-described -On i _"EADERSHIP: SExample the LIRF indung _f in which the separation of a .Ölnebels -stattfandei, alls example of the jail can be considered that a pestimmter Bostandteil - the oil - in-out of the gas. The cleaning device shown in the drawing not only separates the oil, but at least one phase

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also part of the entrained water. The secretion of the water is only of secondary importance here. For this reason, polyethylene was also chosen as the substance for the cleaning device because it has both oieophilic and hydrophobic properties, due to which it preferentially adsorbs oil even in the presence of water. A substance has been selected as a dye which is soluble while in oil but not in water or in the gas phase OCE compressed air. So both the adsorbing substance and the indicator were chosen so that the desired "advantages with respect to a single predetermined component are achieved.

In other cases, in turn, it can be expedient to separate out and / or several components or phases at the same time display · In this case, an adsorption area is to be added choose that adsorbs all of the constituents of interest in this context to a satisfactory extent, without adsorbing the other components at the same time, while the indicator is in all of them constituents of interest soluble, but insoluble or sparingly soluble in the constituents of no interest have to be. Details on substances that meet these requirements are given below

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The embodiment used as the basis for the description a separation device for oil mist explains the case that the to be determined and eliminated Component in the fluid in i'orm a separate Phase is present. However, the invention is not only applicable to such cases. For example, it has been shown that certain substances including polyethylene ones Adsorb a variety of hydrocarbon vapors. In this context it is registered on July 11, 1956 and British patent published March 2, 1960 No. -829 413 referenced. So now hydrocarbon vapors are supposed to be are detected in a gas flow or separated from it, then one absorbs the vapors for this purpose To use adsorbent, and it must be added to the adsorbent 'an indicator which is soluble in the concentrated and condensed vapors. It is in In this context, it should be noted that it is here is only about a single phase and that the interested Constituent or the constituents of interest Form part of this phase.

For further explanation of the practical application possibilities of the inventive concept are some examples of corresponding adsorption and indicator substances below specified. A number of substances have already been in particular hydrocarbons, determined the

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can adsorb quite a considerable amount of oil even in the presence of water, especially if it is oil of the type that is often found in compressed air streams and contaminates known oil cleaning elements. Such substances include unfused flame-spun polyethylene, fused flame-spun polyethylene, Polyethylene film, polyethylene flakes and polyethylene forma powder. Polyethylene is oleop-oil and hydrophobic, which means that it has the ability to adsorb oil in the presence of water. The physical form in which the polyethylene is present is apparently its own 7 / FFECTIVENESS as an adsorbent of not unessential importance, "for example, Polyäthylenformpulver adsorbed 10 f 'its' own weight of oil, while flame spun unversclimolzcnes polyethylene about 483 adsorbed ^r ß> its own weight of oil" A further substance, the oil in the presence of V / ater adsorbed, is Polypro pylene, both as a .form powder and in the form of spun polypropylene fibers »

Here, too, it is the case that the adsorption capacity of polypropylene is much higher if it is in fiber form is present. ■. . . -

As another material that adsorbs oil without doing anything to be adversely affected by the action of water, is to be called sheep wool.

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Cotton and glass wool, on the other hand, are - as examples of ... -. to call the case 'that substances adsorb oil, but become unusable as soon as they are wetted with ΐ / water will.· . '■■ -, ..

Substances such as silica have, however, a high V / asseraufSaugfähigkeit, but only a small Aufnahmefähigice it for 01 ül makes such substances but useless if-it. Present in amounts, which are large enough to ülschicht the substances with to cover _": '

As already explained above, the indicator substances are grounded selected to meet the requirement, preferably in the constituent of interest to be soluble. -jJs it was found that the following Dyes soluble in oils, but not soluble in water -..- ' are borrowed, so that they are useful, for example, for 'irenn devices can be used for oil mist. An example would be a methyl derivative of azobenzene-4— Azo-2-iaphtol, available from the duFont Company under the name "duPont Oil Red '!, and" duPont Oil Ked A " and from the .äthyl Corporation under the designation "Ethyl äed 105 "is brought onto the market, further are in this Context that from duPont under the name "duPont Oil Yellow ΙίΒ "denotes diethylamino-azobenzene and one of duPont sold under the label "duPont Oil Orange" Mention should be made of alkyl derivative of azo - ^ - iiaphtol. ·

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I like the Pall that the water content is of interest a water-soluble but oil-insoluble dye as Indicator substance, ils can be used for this purpose, for example, the im j-arbindex as basic Violet 3, O.I. No. 42 555 listed ! Dye with the structural formula given in the color index which is available from the dujfont Company under the designation "duPont Crystal Yiolet extra pure APl" is brought to the market.

Y »if the constituents to be determined are both When it comes to water as well as Ul, the color index can be used as a fruit-off indicator, which is soluble in oil and also in water may be used as the dye indicated related to Acid Blue 145 sold by the duPont Company under the name "Antraquinone Blue 5G" is marketed. the Structure of this fruit off it is that in the color index for acid blue 145 »C.I. Mr. 62 070 specified structure essentially similar·

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Claims (1)

P H 42 650 7 - Deltech Engineering Inc, . Claims rl .J Device for filtering off a liquid contamination from a fluid as it passes through a filter material that adsorbs the liquid contamination, with an optical color indicator for the degree of exhaustion of the filter material, since it is calibrated in the filter material Particles of a dye are distributed, which is primarily soluble in the liquid contamination and indicates its degree of scooping through the area of discoloration within the filter material. 2.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter medium consists of an oleophilic and hydrophobic substance that contains impurities consisting of oil Presence of water adsorbed, and that the dye is preferably soluble in oil 3 ·) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter substance from a hydrocarbon, preferred, wise made of polyethylene, consists » - 2 KQUsUnterföaen _J (Art7§riAb _{8. 2NrlSab3d (} , _aS , ^%: ■ * .4.f.U671 809809/1003 -X- Device according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filter substance is present in the form of a non-cohesive mass, in particular granules. 5 .; Device according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Ji ¹ Ht er subs dance is fibrous " 6.) Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the i'il termed ium in a (rewebesack is included. 7 ·) Device according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that the .b'iltermedium is in a container made of a translucent or transparent film consisting of porous, is preferably formed from an open-cell foam consisting of end walls. 8 0 9 8 0 9/1003