DE1182893B - Multipurpose tool for agricultural use - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school Kl .: AOIg

German class: 45 f -9 / 02 3 / W

Number: 1182 893

File number: V19435III / 45 f

Filing date: September 30, 1960

Opening day: December 3, 1964

The invention relates to a multi-purpose tool for agricultural purposes, which can be used as pruning shears, Picking device, atomizer or the like. Can be used, operated with compressed air and interchangeable tool heads owns.

It is known to attach pruning shears to the end of a long pole and for the shear blades to provide a compressed air drive by means of a double piston controlled by a manually operated valve and has a large piston area for the working stroke and a small piston area for the return stroke. Further it is known to resiliently bias the knife of a pruning shears in the open position and by means of a single-acting piston to move into the working position. The piston is driven hydraulically or pneumatically via a manually operated valve. The knives of the scissors are with them known designs either stored in a straight line or are with scissors-like articulation operated via a double-acting gear.

Furthermore, a scissors drive by means of a switchable worm gear is known, the whole Tool attachment is detachably arranged on a carrier. After all, it is known in devices with compressed air drive, ζ. B. hammering or hand saws to drive the tool with a piston, which slides in a cylinder connected to a compressed air line. To do a quick reciprocating movement, the piston is here usually double-acting and the Both ends of the cylinder are connected to the compressed air line via appropriate control valves.

In agricultural work it is often necessary to spray a spray on trees, For which purpose spray nozzles usually attached to rods are used, their pressure medium supply takes place via a manual valve.

The previously known, compressed air powered multi-purpose tools for such work were out unsatisfactory for several reasons, in particular because the pneumatic drive of these tools with regard to the piston area towards the maximum work force, in the case of pruning shears towards the largest cutting branch thickness had to be designed. Now, however, when working on trees, hedges or the like. in most cases only thin twigs, even only foliage to be pruned, while with picking devices only a thin handle has to be cut and even spraying devices require little driving force.

The device according to the invention differs from conventional devices of this type in terms of its purpose.

Multipurpose tool for agricultural
Purposes

Applicant:

Renzo Viesi, Rome

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. G. Weinhausen, patent attorney,

Munich 22, Widenmayerstr. 46

Named as inventor:
Renzo Viesi, Rome

Claimed priority:

Italy of September 30, 1959 (36 391),
dated December 31, 1959 (39 471),
of 7 September 1960 (48 274)

Determination insofar as it works at a greater distance from the person holding the device and is intended to be attached to the head of a longer support rod while still doing it without significant fatigue should be easily portable, handy and easy to use, so that it can be used by an operator standing on the ground Can be used for pruning tree tops, for picking fruit or for atomizing liquids at great heights.

In the known devices, the drive takes place

pressurized piston always with full pressure, even if z. B. only thin for a long time Branches are cut. With the usual supply of pressure medium from compressed air cylinders, this resulted accordingly a high compressed air consumption and an expensive operation with considerable downtime as a result frequent bottle changes.

This is where the invention comes in by providing a drive for interchangeable tools that either a high workforce with a slightly larger air consumption or a low workforce gives off with lower air consumption. This is done with a multi-purpose tool for agricultural use Purposes such as pruning shears, picking devices or the like, which is attached to a long rod and controlled by a compressed air drive via a manually operated valve is achieved in that the drive cylinder has two inlet valves, each of which can be actuated by a hand lever and the drive cylinder through a separate compressed air supply

409 730/93

3 4

pressurize lines with different pressures - the multi-purpose tool can also be advantageous whereby the tool head as a whole can be used for harvesting by together with the working piston as the bottom of the catching working cylinder below the knife or scissors is attached to this interchangeable basket.

is. This design of the tool allows 5 The drawing shows examples of execution not only, with the pressure required to drive the device according to the invention, namely shows medium to be used sparingly, but allows F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a device

also, by means of a bayonet or thread lock, a tool head designed as pruning shears, with just a few simple steps the entire head without fig. 2 a modified version of the work additional coupling or adjustment devices io tool head, partly in longitudinal section, exchanged, since the tool heads at the same time also Fig. 2a designed as multiple scissors

the cylinder cover, the piston rod and the pruning shears,

Form working piston. This easily makes it possible to show a cross section along the line AA in FIG. 3

the most diverse work, e.g. B. on the same F i g. 2,

Baum, to be made with a few adjustments, 15 F i g. 4 to 6 a modified scissor drive The power requirement is adapted to the respective conditions in side views when the door is closed and open can be. Nice scissors and in the plan of the guide housing

The compressed air to drive the device is generated before cutting,

preferably taken from a small pressure bottle. F i g. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a

These portable and commercially available pressure dusters designed tool heads, Bottles contain about 10 to 201 air under a fig. 8 a longitudinal section through a valve assembly

Pressure from 150 to 200 kg at and weigh only about order and

10 to 20 kg. They are sufficient for several working days F i g. 9 and 10 modified tool heads for

the end. The steel bottle can be operated by pruning shears with a flexible connection but carried on the back or on a small 25 between the tool head and its drive ring Carriages can be carried. Is the steel bottle shaft.

provided with several taps, several In the in F i g. 1 embodiment shown sits on

Devices connected and by several people a tubular support rod 1 a drive at the same time to be served. Of course, the cylinder 2 can be screwed to the top by one Compressed air also from a mobile small compressor 30 or otherwise removably attached cover 3 sor be delivered as it is completed in the case of agricultural. The cover 3 carries on parallel Tractors for actuating pneumatic Hubvor- arms 4 an upper stationary cutting blade 5, which with directions is often present anyway. one between the parallel arms 4 can be displaced

So in most cases you can work together with the lower cutting blade 6, which is guided down, pressure work and only needs to 35 The cover 3 contains a hole for guiding the High pressure pass, so that through the invented piston rod 8 of a piston 9, which is in the drive according to the invention Training a multiple of the possible cylinder 2 is displaceable. At the far end of the Lent working time of the known devices achieved piston rod 8 is the cutting blade 6 is replaced. attached to the bar.

In a further embodiment of the invention is the 4 ° between a hole in the lid 3 compressed air bottle via two different pressure washers 10 and the top of the piston 9 step-adjusted pressure regulator with the inlet itself a compression spring 11. The under the piston 9 valves connected. It is also advantageous that the horizontal space 12 of the cylinder 2 forms the an inlet valve designed as a double seat valve and working chamber into which the compressed air through a additionally equipped with an outlet valve body. 45 bottom opening 13 of the cylinder 2 flows. she will This results in an economical working through a line 14 fed into a valve low compressed air consumption and low housing 15 opens, in which a spring 17 weight of the tool, so that even at high and normally held in the closed position Einstark branched trees can be worked, let valve 18 is arranged. The valve housing 15 the valve arrangement being able to work quickly possible, since the inlet and outlet valve can be connected directly to a hose with a compressed air source can be operated one after the other. can, z. B. with a charged with compressed air

In connection with the invention are several portable steel bottles. The connecting piece 16 and Scissor drives and scissor designs in front of the hose are advantageously provided inside the pipe conveyor, which allow a secure scissors drive 55-shaped support rod 1 accommodated so that the give. Furthermore, a hose working with pumping action can remain protected and the handling of the tender tool head does not interfere with the operation of a spray device, be provided nozzle. The valve body of the inlet valve 18 is fixed with

It can thus be directly connected to a pestle 20 on the same tree, which is airtight in a various work performed one after the other and moved with its end outwards men without sticking out because of the as usual. In the chamber 12 of the cylinder 2 is located difficult tool change process each to an outlet valve 21 with a leaf spring 22, which the next the same individual work with all trees presses outlet valve body 23 into the open position, is straightened before moving the tool. In this position, the chamber 12 with the outside is done, the operator connected long distances to air.

lie back and keep swiveling again and again with A at 24 on the cylinder 2.

the special system of a stored operating lever 25 to be treated can be countered by hand Tree must deal. the hollow rod 1 are pressed, where he the

Valve bodies of the two valves 18 and 23 counter to the force of the springs 17 or 22 moves, namely the outlet valve 21 closes and the inlet valve 18 opens. One lets against it the lever 25 go, then the inlet valve 18 are closed by the respective springs and the Outlet valve 21 open. The force of the spring 17 is such that not only the inlet valve 18 closed, but also the actuating lever 25 is pivoted outward.

The tool head, the cutting blade 6 of which is shown in dashed lines, is used to perform the work Open position is, for. B. applied to a branch to be cut off. If you press then the operating lever 25 against the support rod 1, the outlet valve 21 is closed and the inlet valve 18 open. The compressed air therefore flows into the working chamber 12 of the drive cylinder 2, pushes the piston 9 abruptly upwards while compressing the spring 11 and thereby moves the movable cutting blade 6 against the fixed cutting blade 5 so that the intermediate Branch is cut. If the actuating lever 25 is then released again, the inlet valve becomes 18 closed and thus interrupted the flow of compressed air to the drive cylinder 2, while the exhaust valve 21 opens and communicates the chamber 12 with the outside air. The tense one Compression spring 11 therefore brings the piston 9 back into its lower starting position, with he displaces the remaining air from the chamber 12 through the outlet valve 21 to the outside, while the movable cutting blade 6 moves away from the fixed cutting blade 5.

In practice, however, as shown in FIG. 8 is indicated, the cylinder 2 can be provided with two compressed air supply lines 19α, 19 & each having an inlet valve 18a and 186 with springs 17a and 17 &, these valves each with one of two laterally offset actuating levers 25 a and 25 b can be operated. The two compressed air supply lines 19 a, 19 b are used to supply air at different pressures. As a result, the force exerted by the piston 9 on the movable cutting blade 6 can be changed, depending on which actuating lever 25 or 25 a is depressed. This device achieves better utilization of the available compressed air supply. A single compressed air supply line can also be provided, to which two lines are connected via a two-way cock, which have differently set reducing valves so that, depending on the setting of the cock, two different pressures can be used.

In the case of the FIGS. 2, 2a and 3, a piston 9a is provided in the cylinder 2, which consists of two metal disks with an intermediate sealing sleeve made of leather or flexible plastic, which is pressed against the inner surface of the drive cylinder 2 by the air pressure. The piston rod 8 a is guided through the exchangeable cylinder cover 3, which is firmly connected to two arms 4 α, between which the legs 45 and 46 of the cutting edges 5 α, 6 α of pruning shears are mounted by means of a bolt 47. The scissors are designed in such a way that the legs are spread apart in the closed position of the cutting edges, while they come together in the open position of the cutting edges. A wedge 48 sits on the upper end of the piston rod 8a. When the piston 9a moves upward, this wedge penetrates between the two legs 45 and 46 of the pruning shears and closes their cutting edges 5a _and 6a. When the piston moves downwards, the two legs are released and the cutting edges are inevitably closed. For this purpose, a spring can be provided that constantly closes the legs and tries to move the cutting edges 5 a and 6 a into the open position. As FIG. 3 shows, the scissor legs have a U-shaped cross section into which the wedge 48 engages with its inclined surfaces. Parallel to the inclined surfaces, the two end faces of the wedge 48 are provided with guide grooves 39 into which pins 40 arranged on the legs 45 and 46 engage. So when the wedge 48 lowers, the pins 40 move to the upper end of the grooves 39, so that the scissor legs schlosso sen and thus the cutting edges 5 α and 6 a are opened, while with the upward movement of the wedge 48, the legs 45 and 46 spread and the cutting edges 5 a and 6 a pressed together, so the cut is carried out. In Fig. 2a a variant of such scissors is shown in which each blade 37, 37 a has several cutting edges that work simultaneously. With such scissors, several thin branches can be cut off at the same time. This version is particularly suitable for trimming hedges, trellises and ornamental plants that are to be cut to a specific shape.

F i g. 4 to 6 show a modified embodiment. Here, the wedge 48 is replaced by two adjacent right-angled wedge pieces 7 and 7 a, which are attached to the piston rod 8 α that the hypotenuses cross. Along the hypotenuses, guide grooves 39 a are provided, in which guide pins 40 a provided on the scissor legs 45 and 46 slide. Compared to the wedge 48, an opening of the cutting edges 5 a, 6 a twice as large is achieved with this arrangement with the same basic width of the wedge guide. With these scissors you can cut through thicker branches. If you only want to cut through smaller branches, the piston is only given one stroke until the legs 45, 46 close, with only the lower part of the cutting edges 5 α, 6 α being closed. This reduces the consumption of compressed air. The wedge 48 or the wedge pieces 7 and 7 a can be connected to the piston rod 8 α in such a way that their position can be changed in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod so that the maximum opening of the scissors can be reduced or enlarged as required.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7 is the cylinder cover 3 & either indirectly via two arms 4 & or directly connected to a pump cylinder 41 into which the piston rod 8 a of the drive cylinder 2 working piston 9 a penetrates. At the upper end of the piston rod 8 α is a Pump piston 38 attached. The pump cylinder 41 has an outlet connection 33 with a flap valve 32 and a pressure port 43 with a spring-loaded check valve 44. On the pressure port 43 is a spray nozzle 50 attached, while the suction nozzle 33 for connecting a supply hose is used for a liquid to be sprayed. When leaving

wärtshub the piston 9 α and 38 closes the Check valve 44 and the flap valve 32 opens so that the liquid enters the pump cylinder 41 is sucked. During the upward stroke of the piston, the flap valve 32 is closed and that Check valve 44 open so that the sucked liquid is expelled from the spray nozzle 50 and is atomized. The pump can also be designed to be double-acting.

In FIG. 8, valves 18a and 18 & for generating compressed air supply lines containing different operating pressures of the cylinder 2 below are connected to the compressed air tank through an inlet channel 59 and additionally have an outlet valve 21a for controlling the outlet line 60. The valves 18 a and 21a are on a common spindle 20 a mounted, which continues to the outside, while the valve 18 b is located on an outboard spindle 20 b. In the rest position, the valves 18 a and 18 b remain closed under the ao pressure of the springs 17 α and 17 & respectively, while the valve 21 a is open. When the operating lever 25a is pressed against the device, it pushes the spindle 20 α inward and thus closes the outlet valve 20 a and opens the valve 18 a without acting on the spindle 20 b . Air of lower pressure flows into the cylinder 2. If you let go of the lever 25 α, the parts return to their original position under the action of the compression spring 17 a. In order to be able to work with a higher operating pressure, one presses both levers 25 a and 25 & against the handle 1, so that in addition to valve 18 a also the valve 18 & opens and the air flows into the cylinder at a higher pressure. After releasing the levers 25 α and 25 b, the springs 17 a and 17 & all parts return to the starting position. In the modified version according to FIG. 9, only part of the drive cylinder 2 is visible and only the upper part of the piston rod 8b is shown, which here carries two guide rollers of a cable drive. The scissors with the cutting edges 5 b, 6 b are supported here in a holder 4 c which is connected to the cylinder head 3 & by a tube 53, the length of which depends on the height at which the scissors are to work. The tool can also consist of another device. The parts 4 c, 53 and 3 b are advantageously releasably connected to one another. In the holder 4 c cable guide rollers 51 a, also an axial passage for two pull cables 52 are arranged. Between the legs 45 b and 46 b of the cutting edges 5 b, 6 b or on their bearing pin 47 b , a spring (not shown) is provided which normally holds the cutting edges in the open position. If compressed air flows into the cylinder 2, it pushes the piston and thus also the piston rod 8 & up, to which the ends of the pull cables 52 are attached. The pull cords 52 are tightened, the legs 45 b, 46 b are moved inward and the cutting edges are pressed together, while the pull cables 52 are released when the piston goes down and the spring drives the legs apart again. The spring 11 located in the drive cylinder pushes the piston and the piston rod 8 b back down again. In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, the piston should perform its working stroke downwards. The pressure valves 20a, 20 & (see FIG. 8) are therefore connected to the upper part of the drive cylinder 2 by a line 59a. The piston rod 8 d is connected to a fork 54 in which the shaft of a roller 55 is mounted by a pull cable 52 a, which is located within the tube 53 α. The shaft can be displaced in a guide sleeve 56. The pin 28 of a four-bar linkage is attached to the fork 54, the opposite vertex 57 of which forms the pivot point of the scissor legs and is mounted on the guide sleeve 56, while the other vertices 58 and 58 α can be supported on the walls of the guide sleeve 56.

If compressed air flows into the drive cylinder, the piston 9 b lowers, and the piston rod 8 d exerts a pull on the cable 52 a, which pushes the roller 55 downwards. As a result, and with the additional action of a crossed cable 27 sitting on the pulley, the quadrangle of the joint is stretched. The two vertices 58 and 58 a slide with their hinge pins in arcuate links a, 29 b which are attached to the walls of the guide sleeve 56. This closes the cutting edges 5 c, 6 b of the scissors. If the compressed air supply is switched off, the parts return to their original position under the action of the return springs.

Claims (10)

Patent claims: 1. Multipurpose tool for agricultural purposes, such as pruning shears, picking devices, atomizers od Drive cylinder guided, resiliently preloaded working piston, the piston rod of which is connected to the tool, characterized in that the drive cylinder (2) has two inlet valves (18 a, 18 b, 20 a, 20 b) which are controlled by a hand lever (25 a, 25 b) can be actuated by themselves and apply different pressures to the drive cylinder through separate compressed air supply lines (19 α, 19 b) , the tool head (4, 5, 6; 41, 4 a, 5 a; 6a; 4 b) as a whole can be used together with the working piston (9, 9 α) as a base (3, 3 b) of the drive cylinder (2) in this replaceable. 2. Multipurpose tool according to claim 1, which is fed from a compressed air bottle, characterized in that the compressed air bottle is connected to the inlet valves (18 a, 18 b) via two pressure regulators set to different pressure levels. 3. Multipurpose tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that of the two inlet valves (18 a, 18 b) one (18 a) is designed as a double seat valve and is connected to the valve body of an outlet valve. 4. Multi-purpose tool according to claim 1, with a scissors tool head, characterized in that the scissors parts (5 a, 6 a, 37, 37 a) by means of a bolt (47, 47 b, 57) on one with the cylinder base (3) connected carrier (4 a, 4 c, 56) are articulated, the actuation of the scissor legs (45, 46) by with the Piston rod (8 α) of the working piston (9 α) connected inclined surfaces (7, 7 a, 48), cable drives (51, 52, 52 a) or the like. 5. Multipurpose tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the inclined surfaces (7, 7 a, 48) are provided with guide grooves (39, 39 a) into which the scissor legs (45, 46) are attached Engage pins (40, 40 α j. 6. Multipurpose tool according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the Inclined surfaces (7, 7 a) and their guide grooves (39 a) are arranged crossing one another (Figures 4 to 6). 7. Multipurpose tool according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the Scissor blades (37, 37 a) are equipped with multiple cutting edges (Fig. 2a). 8. Multi-purpose tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the piston rod (8 a) of the working piston via a crossed rope 10 drive (27, 52) with the scissor legs (45 b, 46 b) is connected. 9. Multipurpose tool according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a collecting basket is attached to the support rod below the scissors (5, 6; 5 a, 6 a) is. 10. Multipurpose tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool head consists of a pump (38, 41) provided with a spray nozzle (50) for spray liquid. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 961140;
U.S. Patents Nos. 2,543,109, 2,493,686,
2927373, 2714250;
Swiss Patent No. 338 722;
Brochure from Carl Platz »Pest control equipment for viticulture, fruit growing, field cultivation«, p. 17, fig. Χ 78, χ 200. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings