DE10347356A1 - Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing - Google Patents
Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10347356A1 DE10347356A1 DE10347356A DE10347356A DE10347356A1 DE 10347356 A1 DE10347356 A1 DE 10347356A1 DE 10347356 A DE10347356 A DE 10347356A DE 10347356 A DE10347356 A DE 10347356A DE 10347356 A1 DE10347356 A1 DE 10347356A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- fuel
- porosity
- porosierungsstoff
- clay
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0872—Non-mechanical reshaping of the surface, e.g. by burning, acids, radiation energy, air flow, etc.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6021—Extrusion moulding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Mischung zur Herstellung von Produkten der keramischen Industrie, insbesondere von Mauerziegeln, gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. Anspruchs 9.The The invention relates to a method and a mixture for the production of products of the ceramic industry, in particular of bricks, according to the generic term of claim 1 or claim 9.
Moderne Mauerziegel zeichnen sich durch eine Vielzahl positiver technischer Eigenschaften aus, mit denen sie sich entscheidend von anderen Baustoffen absetzen. Die Ziegeleigenschaften werden durch die eingesetzte Verfahrenstechnik, insbesondere aber durch die verwendeten Rohstoffe bestimmt. Mit der Auswahl geeigneter Porosierungsmittel und Zuschlagstoffe zur Betriebsmischung können wichtige Ziegeleigenschaften, wie bspw. Druckfestigkeit, Scherbenrohdichte, Schwindung oder Scherben-Wärmeleitfähigkeit gezielt eingestellt werden. Zur Herstellung von Mauerziegeln wird zunächst der Grundsbaustoff Ton und/oder Lehm aufbereitet. Hierzu ist nach Gewinnung des Tons oder Lehms eine Zwischenlagerung in einem Sumpfhaus vorgesehen, wo verschiedene Tonsorten gemischt werden. Die mechanische Aufbereitung, insbesondere das Zerkleinern erfolgt in einem Kollergang. Anschließend werden die Grundstoffe im gewünschten Verhältnis gemischt mit oder ohne Zusatz von Zuschlagstoffen, wie Sand, Ziegelmehl, Asche oder dgl. und befeuchtet. Zur Herstellung wärmegedämmter Mauersteine ist eine Porosierung erforderlich durch Zugabe der schon genannten ` Porosierungsmittel, die ausbrennbare Zusatzstoffe, wie Sägemehl, Styropor, Strohhächsel, Papierformstoffe, Torf, Kohlenstaub, etc. sind, die beim Ausbrennen die gewünschten Hohlporen zurücklassen. Aus dem so aufbereiteten Material werden Stein-Rohlingstränge durch Strangpressen geformt und anschließend in einzelne Rohmauersteine abgelängt, die dann in einen Trockner gelangen und danach in einem Tunnelofen gebrannt werden. Die dabei erfolgende Verbrennung der Porosierungsmittel bewirkt die gewünschte Porosität des Mauerziegels.Modern bricks are characterized by a variety of positive technical properties, with which they set themselves apart from other building materials. The brick properties are determined by the process technology used, but especially by the raw materials used. With the selection of suitable porosity agents and additives for operational mixing important brick properties, such as. Compressive strength, Scherbenrohdichte, shrinkage or shards thermal conductivity can be adjusted specifically. For the production of bricks, the basic building material clay and / or loam is first processed. For this purpose, an intermediate storage in a swamp house is provided after extraction of clay or clay, where different types of clay are mixed. The mechanical treatment, in particular the crushing takes place in a muller gangway. Subsequently, the raw materials in the desired ratio mixed with or without the addition of aggregates, such as sand, brick, ash or the like. And moistened. For the preparation of thermally insulated bricks, a porosity is required by adding the aforementioned ` porosity agents which are burnable additives such as sawdust, polystyrene, straw husks, paper materials, peat, coal dust, etc., which leave behind the desired pores when burned out. From the material processed in this way, pieces of blank bricks are formed by extrusion and then cut into individual rough bricks, which are then placed in a dryer and then fired in a tunnel kiln. The ensuing combustion of the porosity causes the desired porosity of the brick.
Aus
der
Die Aufgabe der vorigen Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren und eine Mischung der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, dass eine effektivere und bessere Porosierung eines Mauerziegels bei gleichzeitiger Senkung der Energiekosten erreicht wird.The The object of the previous invention is to provide a method and a Mixture of the type mentioned above in such a way that a more effective and better porosity of a brick while lowering the energy cost is achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Eine Mischung zur Lösung der Aufgabe ist im Anspruch 9 angegeben.These The object is achieved by the method according to claim 1. A Mixture to the solution of Task is specified in claim 9.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Aufgabenlösung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.advantageous and appropriate training the task solution are in the subclaims specified.
Die Erfindung schlägt vor, den teuren, aus natürlichen oder künstlichen Energieträgern gewonnenen Brennstoff, wie Gas, für den Temperaturbereich im Tunnelofen oberhalb 600 °C bis zur gewünschten Endtemperatur von ca. 900 – 1.000 °C durch einen Brenn- und Porosierungsstoff aus wenigstens einem ausbrennbaren organischen und/oder anorganischen Abfall- und Reststoff zu ersetzen. Als geeignete Abfall- und Reststoffe wurden Industrieruß, Steinkohlenabrieb, Koksabrieb und Bremsbelagabrieb sowie ggf. zusätzlich Fangstoff (Papierreste, Faserreste) herausgefunden. Vorzugsweise wird eine Mischung aus Fangstoff, Ruß, Wasser und Tenside als Brennstoff und Porosierungsstoff verwendet, wobei diese Mischung in eine Betriebsmischung, die den Grundbaustoff Ton und/oder Lehm, sowie Porosierungsstoffe, wie Fangstoff, Sägespäne und Polystyrol und ggf. Zuschlagstoffe, wie Sand, Ziegelmehl, Asche oder dergleichen enthält, als zusätzlicher Bestandteil eingemischt oder vor der Aufbereitung der Betriebsmischung dieser zugegeben wird. Die Tenside ermöglichen die Mischung mit Wasser. Eine bevorzugte Mischung besteht aus 40 % Fangstoff, 30 % Ruß, 30 % Wasser und Tensiden. Der Ruß unterstützt die gleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung in dem Roh-Mauerziegel beim Brennvorgang im Tunnelofen.The Invention proposes before, the expensive, natural or artificial fuels recovered fuel, such as gas, for the temperature range in the Tunnel kiln above 600 ° C to the desired Final temperature of about 900 - 1,000 ° C by a Burning and Porosierungsstoff of at least one burn-out organic and / or inorganic waste and residue to replace. As suitable waste and Residues became carbon black, Hard coal abrasion, coke abrasion and brake pad abrasion and, if necessary, additional catch (paper scraps, Fiber residues). Preferably, a mixture of Fang, soot, Water and surfactants used as fuel and porosity, taking this mixture into a working mix that is the basic building material Clay and / or clay, as well as porosity materials, such as catch, sawdust and polystyrene and optionally additives such as sand, clay, ashes or the like contains as additional Ingredient mixed or before the preparation of the operating mixture this is added. The surfactants allow mixing with water. A preferred mixture consists of 40% catch, 30% soot, 30% Water and surfactants. The soot supports the even heat distribution in the raw bricks during the firing process in the tunnel kiln.
Die erfindungsgemäße Brenn- und Porosierungsstoff-Mischung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die darin enthaltene Energie sozusagen beim Brennen zeitversetzt freigesetzt wird, nämlich erst dann, wenn eine Temperatur von wenigstens ca. 600 °C erreicht ist. Der Temperaturbereich bis ca. 600 °C wird abgedeckt durch die bisher schon bekannten Porosierungsmittel, wie Sägemehl, Styropor, Strohhächsel, Papierformstoffe, Torf, etc. Der Einsatz von Ruß und/oder von Abrieb von Steinkohle und/oder Koks und/oder Bremsbelägen verleiht der erfindungsgemäßen Brenn- und Porosierungsstoff-Mischung eine gewisse Schmierwirkung, die sich nach dem Einmischen der Betriebsmischung mitteilt. Durch diese Schmierwirkung kann der Elektroenergieverbrauch für die Vorrichtungen zur Aufbereitung und Formgebung gesenkt werden. Die Energiekosteneinsparung beträgt 5 bis 20 gegenüber herkömmlichen Verfahren. Außerdem nimmt durch diese Schmierwirkung der mechanische Verschleiß dieser Vorrichtungen ab, wodurch Instandhaltungskosten eingespart werden können.The combustion and Porosierungsstoff mixture according to the invention is characterized in that the energy contained therein is released, so to speak, during firing time-delayed, namely only then, when a temperature of at least about 600 ° C is reached. The temperature range up to about 600 ° C is covered by the previously known porosity agents, such as sawdust, polystyrene, straw husks, paper materials, peat, etc. The use of soot and / or abrasion of hard coal and / or coke and / or brake pads gives the combustion and Porosierungsstoff mixture according to the invention a certain lubricating effect, which communicates after mixing the operating mixture. By this lubricating effect, the electric power consumption for the devices for processing and shaping can be reduced. The energy cost saving is 5 to 20 compared to conventional methods. In addition, by this lubricating effect of the mechanical wear of these devices, which maintenance costs can be saved.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10347356A DE10347356A1 (en) | 2003-10-11 | 2003-10-11 | Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10347356A DE10347356A1 (en) | 2003-10-11 | 2003-10-11 | Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10347356A1 true DE10347356A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
ID=34441879
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE10347356A Ceased DE10347356A1 (en) | 2003-10-11 | 2003-10-11 | Ceramic products, especially tiles, are formed by preparing a mixture of clay and /or lime, adding additives for porosity, drying and firing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE10347356A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007017912A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Cover Colofificio Ceramico S.R.L. | Microporous ceramic structural material |
DE102006041446A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-06 | Poegel, Hans Joachim, Dr. | Manufacturing light ceramic products, mixes ceramic material with fuel which releases gases at high temperatures, when fired without preheating |
DE102007033298A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Ziegelei Hilti, Mettauer Gmbh | Energy carrier and method for firing ceramics |
FR2946277A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-10 | Imerys Tc | Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer |
CN109516766A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 绍兴臣工新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of freeze thawing resistance air-and water-permeable clay brick and preparation method thereof |
CN115215594A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-21 | 东北电力大学 | Straw ash-concrete waste slurry all-solid waste cold bonding lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19706492A1 (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-21 | Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mauerziege | Porous brick for statically loaded brickwork |
DE19654532A1 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-02 | Juwoe Eng Gmbh | Porous brick or other clay product |
DE10065095A1 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-04 | Wienerberger Ziegelind | Production of ceramic products, e.g. bricks comprises forming a material mixture made from clay and/or loam with the addition of animal feed as porosity agent |
-
2003
- 2003-10-11 DE DE10347356A patent/DE10347356A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19706492A1 (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-21 | Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mauerziege | Porous brick for statically loaded brickwork |
DE19654532A1 (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-02 | Juwoe Eng Gmbh | Porous brick or other clay product |
DE10065095A1 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-04 | Wienerberger Ziegelind | Production of ceramic products, e.g. bricks comprises forming a material mixture made from clay and/or loam with the addition of animal feed as porosity agent |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007017912A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Cover Colofificio Ceramico S.R.L. | Microporous ceramic structural material |
DE102006041446A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-06 | Poegel, Hans Joachim, Dr. | Manufacturing light ceramic products, mixes ceramic material with fuel which releases gases at high temperatures, when fired without preheating |
DE102007033298A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Ziegelei Hilti, Mettauer Gmbh | Energy carrier and method for firing ceramics |
FR2946277A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-10 | Imerys Tc | Making tile with aged appearance, comprises placing degradable elements on silver wafer beyond a predetermined temperature, pressing or stamping the silver wafer to produce a specific structure to the tiles, and burning the silver wafer |
CN109516766A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 绍兴臣工新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of freeze thawing resistance air-and water-permeable clay brick and preparation method thereof |
CN115215594A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-21 | 东北电力大学 | Straw ash-concrete waste slurry all-solid waste cold bonding lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
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OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8131 | Rejection |