DE102022111909A1 - Process and device for processing cellulose-containing individual fibers and nonwoven fabric, transport containers and molded parts - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for processing cellulosic individual fibers (100) obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber, the steps of uniformly distributing the individual fibers (100), thereby avoiding agglomeration of the individual fibers (100), non-directional application of the uniformly distributed individual fibers (100). a carrier (104), mechanical bonding of the individual fibers (100) to form a non-woven fabric (106) being carried out, device for processing cellulosic individual fibers (100) obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber material and/or secondary fiber material, non-woven material (106) , transport container and molded part.

Description

The invention relates to a method for processing cellulosic individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber. The invention also relates to a device for processing cellulosic individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber. The invention also relates to a nonwoven fabric. The invention also relates to a transport container. The invention also relates to a molded part.

The document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 relates to a method and a plant for processing high-strength paper products and in particular to a method and an arrangement for the waterless processing of such paper products. In order to be able to break down high-strength paper products into individual fibers that are only slightly shortened and only slightly damaged, the document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 proposed pre-shredding the paper products and fiberizing them dry in the pre-shredded form obtained using a micro impact mill, the speed of the air flow in the micro impact mill being less than or equal to 11 m/s, preferably less than or equal to 8 m/s. The ones in the document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 proposed plant for processing the high-strength paper products comprises a pre-shredder for pre-shredding the paper products and a micro-impact mill for dry defibration of the paper products in the pre-shredded form obtained, the micro-impact mill being designed in such a way that the speed of the air flow in it is less than or equal to 11 m/s, preferably less than or equal to 8 m/s.

The document WO 2017/160217 A1 relates to a method for producing a cellulosic product from wood pulp, an apparatus for producing such a cellulosic product and a cellulosic product. In order to avoid time- and energy-consuming drying of molded products and strong interfiber bonds between the fibers in the material and to enable in-line manufacturing of packaging or components and recycling with reasonable cycle time, the document states WO 2017/160217 A1 proposed to produce a cellulosic product having a flat or non-flat product shape by a compression molding apparatus comprising a forming mold, the forming mold having a forming surface defining the product shape, a cellulosic blank containing less than 45% by weight water , is placed in the forming mold, the pressing plates for forming the cellulosic blank are heated to a forming temperature in the range of 100°C to 200°C, and the cellulosic blank is pressed by the forming mold with a forming pressure acting on the cellulosic blank via the forming surface with the molding pressure ranging from 1 MPa to 100 MPa. The ones in the document WO 2017/160217 A1 The proposed compression molding device comprises a shaping mold with a shaping surface that defines the product shape and is designed to produce a cellulosic product with a flat or non-flat product shape by this method starting from a cellulosic blank. The cellulosic product produced by this process is flat or substantially non-flat in shape.

The object of the invention is to structurally and/or functionally improve a method mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a nonwoven fabric mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a device mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a molded part mentioned at the outset.

The object is achieved with a method having the features of claim 1. In addition, the object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 10. In addition, the object is achieved with a molded part with a nonwoven having the features of claim 11. In addition, the The problem is solved with a transport container having the features of claim 12. The problem is also solved with a molded part having the features of claim 11. Advantageous designs and/or developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

The term "individual fibers" is used here in particular to describe an average particle size and to differentiate it from fiber agglomerates, flakes, specks, supporting fibers, fines and dust. In the present case, the term “individual fibers” refers in particular to individual fibers insofar as individualization by dry defibration is practically possible. The individual fibers can essentially be short fibers with an average fiber length of about 0.5 mm to about 5 mm. The term “dry defibration” is used here in particular to differentiate it from a wet process in which waste paper is first treated with water in order to dissolve and defiber the paper. Fibers opened up by dry defibration form a very voluminous fiber wool with a bulk density of approx. 20 kg/m ³ in the dry and uncompressed state. Compared to wet pulped fibers For example, dry fibers are characterized by increased stiffness, reduced conformability, increased curl index, increased kink index, reduced fiber stretch, and/or a less fibrillated fiber surface. In the present case, the term “cellulose-containing individual fibers” refers in particular to cellulose fibers. "Primary fiber" refers in particular to unprocessed fibers from natural resources, such as fresh wood fibers. "Recovery fibre" means, in particular, fibers from natural and non-natural sources that have been obtained from recycled primary fibre, such as wood fibers from waste paper. The term "waste paper" in this case includes the paper, cardboard and/or cardboard products collected after use, production and/or processing rejects arising from the manufacture or further processing of paper, cardboard and/or cardboard and a pulp produced from them, which is also known as Waste paper can be referred to. The cellulose-containing individual fibers can according to the in the document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 procedures described and/or using the document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 described system can be obtained. For further technical features of the present invention, reference is made in this context to the document DE 10 2015 223 333 A1 referred, the features of which also belong to the teaching of the present invention and which is fully incorporated into the disclosure of the present invention.

The method steps can be carried out in the order given. One or more further method steps can be carried out before a method step, between method steps and/or after a method step. The individual fibers can be randomly distributed. The individual fibers can be distributed in a plane perpendicular to an application direction and/or on the carrier. The individual fibers can be distributed as evenly as possible. The individual fibers can be distributed evenly as far as practically possible. Agglomeration of the individual fibers can be avoided as far as practically possible. The individual fibers can be applied to the carrier transversely to an application direction. The individual fibers can be applied to the carrier in an undirected manner. When applied to the carrier, the individual fibers can connect to one another. When applied to the carrier, the individual fibers can be connected to one another mechanically, in particular in a non-positive and/or positive manner. The process may be a process for forming a non-woven fabric from cellulosic individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary pulp and/or secondary pulp. The non-woven fabric can be formed by connecting the individual fibers. The nonwoven fabric can be formed continuously or discontinuously.

Before being applied to the carrier, the individual fibers can be distributed with such a low fiber concentration that agglomeration is avoided. Before being applied to the carrier, the individual fibers can have a fiber concentration of no more than approx. 500 g/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 300 g/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 200 g/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 100 g/m ³ , In particular of a maximum of about 50g / m ³ , are distributed. A maximization of the fiber concentration can be aimed at, as far as possible while avoiding agglomeration of the individual fibers. A fiber concentration can be maximized in such a way that the individual fibers can still move freely in space before being applied to the carrier.

The nonwoven can be transported with a mass flow of a maximum of approx. 2000 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 1500 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 1000 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 500 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 300 kg /h, in particular a maximum of approx. 100kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 20kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 10kg/h. A maximization of the mass flow can be aimed at, as far as this is possible while maintaining the required properties of the nonwoven fabric to be formed.

The non-woven fabric can have an initial mass per unit area of no more than approx. 30,000 g/m ² , in particular no more than approx. 20,000 g/m ² , in particular no more than approx. 10,000 g/m ² , in particular no more than approx. 5,000 g/m ² 1,000 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of 500 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of 200 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of 100 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of 50 g/m ² , are formed. A minimization of the mass can be aimed at, as far as practically possible and economically expedient. In the present case, the term “initial” refers in particular to the property of the nonwoven fabric during its formation and is used in particular to differentiate from properties that have changed in further process steps. The nonwoven can be formed with such an initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or such an initial density that the nonwoven can be handled. The non-woven fabric can be formed with such an initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or such an initial density that the non-woven fabric can be handled without further compression or the addition of strength-enhancing additives. The nonwoven can be formed with an initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or an initial density such that the nonwoven can be handled without falling apart. The fleece can be formed with an initial density of at least approx. 10kg/m ³ . The non-woven fabric can have an initial density of no more than approx. 1,500 kg/m ³ , in particular ^no more than approx. 500 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 150 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx approx. 75kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 50kg/m ³ . The nonwoven can be formed in one or more layers, in particular up to 10 layers, in particular up to 50 layers. A maximization of a production quantity can be aimed at, insofar as this is possible while maintaining the required properties of the nonwoven to be formed. The non-woven fabric can be formed with such a compaction factor that the non-woven fabric formed has the mentioned initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or initial density. The non-woven fabric can be formed with a compressive strength of at most 0.5 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.1 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.03 N/mm ² . A maximization of a production quantity can be aimed at, insofar as this is possible while maintaining the required properties of the nonwoven to be formed.

The individual fibers can be distributed in a transport flow. The individual fibers can be suspended in the transport flow for distribution. An air flow can serve as the transport flow. To apply the individual fibers to the carrier, the individual fibers can be separated from the transport flow with the aid of the carrier. To separate the individual fibers, the transport flow can be slowed down and/or deflected. To distribute the individual fibers as evenly as possible, the individual fibers can be scattered. To apply the individual fibers to the carrier, the individual fibers can be deposited on the carrier. The deposition can be done using gravity or inertial force acting on the individual fibers. Before separating and/or depositing, the transport flow can be guided transversely to the carrier. Before separating and/or depositing, the transport flow can be guided parallel to the carrier. The nonwoven fabric can be removed from the backing after formation. The formed nonwoven can be subjected to at least one further process step. The at least one further method step can be carried out on the carrier and/or after the nonwoven fabric has been removed from the carrier.

The nonwoven can be moistened during its formation. The non-woven fabric can be moistened with water. The nonwoven can be moistened by spraying, dipping and/or steaming. The non-woven fabric can be moistened in such a way that the individual fibers lying on the inside are also moistened. A binder, in particular an environmentally friendly binder such as starch, can be applied to the nonwoven fabric. The binder can be applied when the non-woven fabric is wetted.

The formed nonwoven can be subjected to at least one further process step. The formed nonwoven can be dehumidified in at least one further process step. The nonwoven can be dehumidified after wetting and/or after application of the binder. The formed nonwoven can be subjected to heat and/or pressure in at least one further process step. The application of heat and/or pressure can be performed for dehumidification. The application of heat and/or pressure can be carried out to densify, surface seal and/or smooth the nonwoven fabric. The nonwoven fabric formed can be subjected to a temperature of approx. 100°C to approx. 250°C, in particular from approx. 120°C to approx. 180°C. The application of heat and/or pressure can be time-controlled.

The formed nonwoven can be compacted in at least one further process step. The formed non-woven fabric can be reduced to a maximum density of approx. 500 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 400 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 300 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 200 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 150 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 100 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 80 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 50 kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 30 kg/m ³ .

In at least one further process step, a molded part can be produced using the formed nonwoven. The formed nonwoven can be made up in at least one further process step. In at least one further method step, a transport container can be produced using the formed nonwoven.

The non-woven fabric can be produced from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber material and/or secondary fiber material.

“Formed” nonwoven refers in particular to a nonwoven as it is obtained after the individual fibers have been applied to the carrier and is used in particular to differentiate it from a nonwoven that has been physically and/or chemically modified in at least one further process step.

The formed non-woven fabric can have individual fibers which are essentially mechanically connected to one another. The individual fibers can be distributed while avoiding agglomeration. The singles fibers can be distributed as evenly as possible. The individual fibers can be arranged randomly at least in one plane. Physical connections, in particular non-positive and/or positive connections, which result when the individual fibers are applied to the carrier, can be decisive for the connection of the individual fibers of the nonwoven fabric formed. Chemical compounds can be of secondary importance for the connection of the individual fibers of the formed non-woven fabric. The formed non-woven fabric can have a mass per unit area of at most approx. 30,000 g/m ² , in particular at most approx. 20,000 g/m ² , in particular at most approx. 10,000 g/m ² , in particular at most approx. 5,000 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 1,000 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 500 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 200 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 100 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 50 g/m ² , exhibit. The formed non-woven fabric can have such a minimum dry tensile strength and/or such a density that the formed non-woven fabric can be handled. The non-woven fabric can have such an initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or such an initial density that the non-woven fabric formed can be handled without further compression or the addition of strength-enhancing additives. The formed non-woven fabric can have such an initial minimum dry tensile strength and/or such an initial density that the formed non-woven fabric can be handled without falling apart. The formed nonwoven can have an initial density of at least about 10 kg/m ³ . The formed non-woven fabric can have an initial density of at most approx. 1,500 kg/m ³ , in particular at most approx. 500 kg/m ³ , in particular at most approx. 50 kg/m ³ . The formed non-woven fabric can have a compressive strength of at most 0.5 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.1 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.03 N/mm ² .

The nonwoven fabric formed can be used without further physical and/or chemical modification after removal from the carrier. The nonwoven fabric formed can be used as a bulkable fabric. The non-woven fabric can have an undefined shape or be formed as a molded part. The formed nonwoven can be used physically and/or chemically unchanged.

The formed nonwoven can be physically and/or chemically modified in at least one further process step. The formed non-woven fabric can be covered. The formed non-woven fabric can be further processed into a molded part. Further processing to form a molded part can include moistening, applying a binder, dehumidifying and/or subjecting the nonwoven to heat and/or pressure.

The formed non-woven fabric and/or the processed non-woven fabric can be used and/or designed as a mechanically, thermally and/or acoustically effective insulating and/or damping material. The nonwoven fabric formed and/or the further processed nonwoven fabric can/can be used as a mechanically, thermally and/or acoustically effective insulating and/or damping layer in a laminate or layered composite material and/or for use as a mechanically, thermally and/or acoustically effective insulating layer. and/or cushioning layer in a laminate or layered composite material. The formed non-woven fabric and/or the further processed non-woven fabric can be used and/or designed as packaging material. The nonwoven fabric formed and/or the further processed nonwoven fabric can/can be used as filling material and/or be designed. The nonwoven fabric formed and/or the further processed nonwoven fabric can/can be used in the food sector, in construction, in the medical sector, in the chemical sector and/or for heat-sensitive substances or packaging goods and/or for use in the food sector, in the building sector, in the medical sector, in the chemical sector and /or be designed for heat-sensitive substances or packaged goods. The nonwoven fabric formed and/or the further processed nonwoven fabric can/can be used as transport packaging or as part of transport packaging and/or be designed for use as transport packaging or as part of transport packaging.

The device can have a device for the dosed introduction of individual fibers, at least one section for distributing individual fibers, at least one section for separating individual fibers, at least one carrier on which individual fibers can be applied, and/or a device for generating, feeding, slowing down, deflecting , Accelerating and/or discharging a transport flow for individual fibers. The device can have at least one flow channel. The device can be a device for forming a non-woven fabric from cellulosic individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber material and/or secondary fiber material.

The device for the dosed introduction of individual fibers can be designed for sprinkling and/or blowing in. The at least one section for separating individual fibers can have a baffle plate. The at least one carrier can be permeable with respect to the transport flow and impermeable with respect to the individual fibers. The at least one carrier can be designed as a sieve or filter. The backing at least one may be impermeable. At least one Carrier can comprise a rigid material and/or a flexible material. The at least one carrier can be displaceable, at least in sections, continuously or discontinuously into and/or out of the at least one section for distributing individual fibers. The at least one carrier can be designed like a plate. The at least one carrier can be designed as a conveyor belt. The device for generating a transport flow can have a fan. The device for slowing down a transport flow can have a flow channel with an expanding cross section. The device for deflecting a transport flow can have a baffle plate. The device for accelerating a transport flow can have a flow channel with a decreasing cross section.

The transport container can have at least one interior space, at least one wall and at least one opening. The at least one wall may have an inside and an outside. The inside can face the interior. The transport container can be deformable. The at least one wall can be deformable at least in sections. The at least one opening can be openable and/or closable. The transport container can be designed to accommodate, transport and/or store piece goods and/or bulk goods. The transport container can be designed to accommodate, transport and/or store goods that require refrigeration and/or are pressure-sensitive. The transport container can be designed to accommodate, transport and/or store food, in particular fresh food. The transport container can be designed as an insulated container. The transport container can be designed as a bag, like a bag, like a bag, like a bag, like a bag or like a bag. The transport container can be designed as an insulating bag, insulating bag or insulating bag. The transport container can have a multi-layer design, at least in sections. The at least one wall can be designed in layers, at least in sections. The at least one wall can have a first outer layer, a second outer layer and/or at least one inner layer. The at least one inner layer can be arranged between the first outer layer and the second outer layer. The first outer layer of the at least one wall can form an inner side of the at least one wall. The second outer layer of the at least one wall can form an outer side of the at least one wall. The at least one wall can have a filling material at least in sections. The filler material can form an inner layer of the at least one wall.

The non-woven fabric can form an inner layer of the at least one wall. The non-woven fabric can form a mechanically, thermally and/or acoustically effective insulating and/or damping layer of the at least one wall. The non-woven fabric can form a filling material of the at least one wall. The non-woven fabric of the transport container can be in the form of a flat structure with a thickness of approx. 1 cm to approx. 5 cm, in particular approx. 2 cm to 3 cm. The non-woven fabric of the transport container can have a mass per unit area of approx. 300 g/m ² to approx. 2000 g/m ² , in particular from approx. 500 g/m ² to approx. 750 g/m ² . The non-woven fabric of the transport container can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that it does not break when the at least one wall is folded over. The non-woven fabric of the transport container can have a predetermined flexibility and/or resilience adapted to a specific item to be transported. The non-woven fabric of the transport container can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that free air circulation within the non-woven fabric and/or through the non-woven fabric is reduced or prevented. The non-woven fabric can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that heat exchange between an inside and an outside of the at least one wall is reduced or prevented.

The first outer layer and/or the second outer layer can consist of paper in sections or at least almost completely. The paper may include a wet strength agent. The paper can be a crepe paper. The first outer layer and/or the second outer layer can consist of a material that is compatible with the nonwoven material in such a way that a recyclable one-material system is formed. The first outer layer and/or the second outer layer can/can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that they have/have an increased coefficient of friction on their side facing the at least one inner layer. The first outer layer and/or the second outer layer can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that slipping and/or tearing of the at least one inner layer is reduced or prevented. The first outer layer and/or the second outer layer can/can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that moisture transport can be controlled. The first outer layer can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that moisture can be removed from the interior. The non-woven fabric may be designed to absorb moisture introduced from the interior. The first outer layer can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that the nonwoven fabric is reduced or prevented from being exposed to moisture. The second outer layer can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that the transfer of moisture to the outside is reduced or prevented. The second The outer layer can be designed and/or arranged in such a way that moisture can be passed on.

The first outer layer, the second outer layer and/or the at least one inner layer can be arranged lying flat against one another. The first outer layer, the second outer layer and/or the at least one inner layer can be connected to one another. The first outer layer and the at least one inner layer can be connected to one another. The at least one inner layer and the second outer layer can be connected to one another. The first outer layer and the second outer layer can be connected to one another. The first outer layer and the second outer layer can be indirectly connected to one another at least in sections with the interposition of the at least one inner layer. The first outer layer and the second outer layer can be directly connected to one another at least in sections without the interposition of the at least one inner layer. The at least one wall can have at least one edge section. The first outer layer and the second outer layer can be connected directly to one another on the at least one edge section. The first outer layer, the second outer layer and/or the at least one inner layer can be connected to one another at least in sections in the form of points, lines and/or surfaces. The first outer layer, the second outer layer and/or the at least one inner layer can be glued to one another, in particular using an adhesive or an adhesive tape, such as double-sided adhesive tape. The at least one inner layer can be completely enclosed by the first outer layer and the second outer layer. A direct connection of the first outer layer and the second outer layer can have a higher permeation flow resistance than the first outer layer, the second outer layer and/or the at least one inner layer.

The molded part can be produced from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber. The shaped part can be produced from a non-woven fabric according to claim 11. Physical and/or chemical bonds that result from the further processing of the formed nonwoven can be decisive for the connection of the individual fibers of the molded part. The molded part can have at least one core section with a density of no more than approx. 500 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 400 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 300 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 200 kg/m ³ , in particular no more than approx. 150 kg /m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 100kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 80kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 50kg/m ³ , in particular a maximum of approx. 30kg/m ³ , and at least one edge section with an opposite at least one Core section have increased density. The molded part can have a smoothed and/or sealed surface at least in sections. The molded part can be dimensionally stable. The molding can have a predetermined shape. The molded part can be plate-shaped or block-shaped. The molded part can be specifically adapted, for example to an object to be packaged and/or to be insulated. The molded part can be embodied in a lightweight construction. The molded part can have reinforcing ribs and/or functional sections, for example for stabilizing, supporting and/or fastening the molded part. The molded part can be used as a mechanically, thermally and/or acoustically effective insulating and/or damping part. The molded part can be used as a packaging part and/or in construction.

With the invention, a functional effectiveness is made possible or increased and at the same time sustainability is promoted.

• 1 eine Vliesstoffbildung aus durch Trockenzerfaserung von Faserstoff gewonnenen cellulosehaltigen Einzelfasern mit durchströmender Transportströmung,
• 2 eine Vliesstoffbildung aus durch Trockenzerfaserung von Faserstoff gewonnenen cellulosehaltigen Einzelfasern mit umgelenkter Transportströmung,
• 3 miteinander physikalisch verbundene durch Trockenzerfaserung von Faserstoff gewonnenen cellulosehaltigen Einzelfasern eines gebildeten Vliesstoffs,
• 4 ein blockförmiges Formteil aus durch Trockenzerfaserung von Faserstoff gewonnenen cellulosehaltigen Einzelfasern,
• 5 ein spezifisch angepasstes Formteil aus durch Trockenzerfaserung von Faserstoff gewonnenen cellulosehaltigen Einzelfasern,
• 6 eine Isoliertasche zum Transport von frischen Lebensmitteln in geschlossenem Zustand und
• 7 eine Isoliertasche zum Transport von frischen Lebensmitteln in geöffnetem Zustand.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to figures, which show schematically and by way of example:

• 1 a non-woven fabric formation from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material with a transport flow flowing through,
• 2 a non-woven fabric formation from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material with deflected transport flow,
• 3 Cellulosic individual fibers of a formed non-woven fabric that are physically connected to one another and are obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material,
• 4 a block-shaped molded part made from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material,
• 5 a specially adapted molded part made from cellulose-containing individual fibers obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material,
• 6 an insulated bag for transporting fresh food when closed and
• 7 an insulated bag for transporting fresh food when open.

1 and 2 each show a nonwoven fabric formation from cellulosic individual fibers 100, which are produced by dry defibration of primary fiber material and/or secondary pulp. 1 shows the formation of nonwovens with the transport flow 102 flowing through, 1 shows the nonwoven formation with deflected transport flow 102.

The individual fibers 100 are first introduced into the transport flow 102 and distributed as evenly as possible while avoiding agglomeration. Then the distributed individual fibers 100 are deposited or applied to a carrier 104 , the individual fibers 100 physically connecting to one another and forming a nonwoven fabric 106 .

At the in 1 Nonwoven formation shown, the transport flow 102 is guided perpendicularly to a carrier 104 designed as a transport belt. The transport flow 102 with the individual fibers 100 is slowed down in a flow channel section 108 with an expanding cross section and the individual fibers 100 are deposited on the carrier 104 . The non-woven fabric 106 is continuously formed and transported away. Adjacent to the support 104 are passages such as 110 arranged. Downstream of the carrier 104 or the passages 110, the transport flow 102 is again accelerated and discharged in a flow channel section 112 with a decreasing cross section. A seal 114 is arranged between the flow channel section 108 and the carrier 104, through which the nonwoven fabric 106 formed can be transported away.

At the in 2 Nonwoven formation shown, the transport flow 102 is first guided parallel to a carrier 104 designed as a conveyor belt. The transport flow 102 with the individual fibers 100 is deflected at an impact plate 116 and the individual fibers 100 are deposited on the carrier 104 . The transport flow 102 is discharged transversely to the carrier 104 .

3 shows the formed non-woven fabric 106 in a detail enlargement. For the connection of the individual fibers 100 of the nonwoven fabric 106 formed, physical, in particular non-positive and/or form-fitting, connections such as 117, which result when the individual fibers 100 are separated or applied to the carrier 104, are decisive.

4 shows a sectional view of a block-shaped molded part 118 made from cellulose-containing individual fibers 100 obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material. The molded part 118 is produced from the formed non-woven fabric 106 by moistening the non-woven fabric 106 with water and then dehumidifying it again with the application of heat and/or pressure. The molded part 118 has a core section 120, in which the individual fibers 100 are somewhat compacted compared to the individual fibers 100 of the nonwoven fabric 106 formed, and edge sections 122, 124 with an increased density compared to the core section 120, in which the individual fibers 100 are compared to the Individual fibers 100 of the nonwoven fabric 106 formed are highly compressed. In principle, due to the evaporation of water on the surface, a hard, stable and compacted surface layer is created, so that the entire surface of the molded part 118 is more compacted than the core section 120. For the connection of the individual fibers 100 of the molded part 118, especially in the edge sections 122, 124, both physical connections, especially mechanical packaging and entanglement, and chemical connections, especially hydrogen bonds. The molded part 118 has a sealed and/or smoothed surface 126 formed by the application of heat and/or pressure.

5 shows a sectional view of a specifically adapted molded part 128 made from cellulose-containing individual fibers 100 obtained by dry defibration of fibrous material. The edge sections 122, 124 of the molded part 128 are in sections highly compressed against one another without an intermediate core section. These sections form stabilization sections, such as 130. The stabilization sections 130 subdivide the core section into a plurality of subsections, such as 132, 134. Incidentally, in addition, in particular 4 and the associated description.

6 shows a transport container 136 designed as an insulating bag for transporting fresh food in the closed state. 7 shows the transport container 136 in the open state. The transport container 136 has an interior 138, walls 140, 142, an opening 144, a locking tab 146 and a closure 148. The walls 140, 142 each have a first outer layer facing the inner space 138, a second outer layer and an inner layer arranged between the outer layers. The outer layers of the walls 140, 142 consist of paper, the inner layer of the walls 140, 142 is formed with a non-woven fabric. The nonwoven and its production is in particular 1 until 3 and the associated description. Wall 140 has edge portions 150, 152 where the outer layers are bonded directly to one another. The edge portions 150, 152 of the wall 140 are wrapped around edge portions of the wall 142 and glued to it.

In particular, “may” denotes optional features of the invention. Accordingly, there are also developments and/or exemplary embodiments of the invention that are additional or alternative have the respective feature or features.

If necessary, isolated features can also be selected from the combinations of features disclosed here and used in combination with other features to delimit the subject matter of the claim, eliminating any structural and/or functional relationship that may exist between the features.

Reference List

100

single fibers

102

transport flow

104

carrier

106

non-woven fabric

108

flow channel section

110

passage

112

flow channel section

114

poetry

116

flapper

118

molding

120

core section

122

edge section

124

edge section

126

surface

128

molding

130

stabilization section

132

section

134

section

136

transport container

138

inner space

140

Wall

142

Wall

144

opening

146

locking tab

148

closure

150

edge section

152

edge section

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102015223333 A1 [0002, 0006]
• WO 2017160217 A1 [0003]

Claims (13)

Process for processing cellulosic individual fibers (100) obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber, characterized in that the steps - distribution of the individual fibers (100), thereby - avoiding agglomeration of the individual fibers (100), - non-directional application of the distributed individual fibers (100) onto a carrier (104), thereby - physically connecting the individual fibers (100) to form a non-woven fabric (106). procedure after claim 1 , characterized in that the individual fibers (100) before being applied to the carrier (104) with a fiber concentration of at most approx. 500 g/m ³ , in particular of at most approx. 300 g/m ³ , in particular of at most approx. 200 g/m ³ 100g/m ³ , in particular a maximum of 50g/m ³ . Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven (106) at a maximum speed of approx. 2,000 kg/h, in particular of a maximum of approx. 1,500 kg/h, in particular of a maximum of approx of a maximum of approx. 500 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 300 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 100 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 20 kg/h, in particular a maximum of approx. 10 kg/h. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (106) with an initial surface-related mass of at most approx. 30,000 g/m ² , in particular at most approx. 20,000 g/m ² , in particular at most approx /m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 5,000 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 1,000 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 500 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx. 200 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approx 100 g/m ² , in particular a maximum of approximately 50 g/m ² . Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (106) has a compressive strength of at most 0.5 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.1 N/mm ² , in particular at most 0.03 N/mm ² , is formed. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual fibers (100) are suspended and/or scattered in a transport flow (102) in order to uniformly distribute the individual fibers (100). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to apply the individual fibers (100) to the carrier, the individual fibers (100) are separated from a transport flow (102) with the aid of the carrier (104) and/or are deposited on the carrier (104). become. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (106) is moistened during its formation. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one further method step the nonwoven fabric (106) formed is dehumidified, the nonwoven fabric (106) formed is subjected to heat and/or pressure, the nonwoven fabric (106) formed is compressed, under Using the nonwoven fabric (106) formed, a molded part (118) is produced, the nonwoven fabric (106) formed is made up, and/or a transport container (136) is produced using the nonwoven fabric (106) formed. Device for processing cellulosic individual fibers (100) obtained by dry defibration of primary fiber and/or secondary fiber, characterized in that the device for carrying out a method according to at least one of Claims 1 until 9 is designed. Nonwoven fabric (106), characterized in that the nonwoven fabric (106) according to a method according to at least one of Claims 1 until 9 and/or using a device claim 10 is made. Transport container (136), characterized in that the transport container (136) according to a nonwoven fabric (106). claim 11 having. Molded part (118, 128), characterized in that the molded part (118, 128) using a non-woven fabric (106) after claim 11 is made.

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