DE102022118413A1 - Kit for attaching a solar module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a kit for fastening a solar module, containing - a solar module (1), - a fastening device (3) for arranging the solar module (1) on a building roof, wherein the fastening device (3) is designed and set up permanently on the building roof to be fastened, and - a connecting device (2) for mechanically connecting the solar module (1) to the fastening device (3), which has a holding part (21) for holding the solar module (1) and a connecting part (22) for producing a detachable connection with the fastening device (3), the fastening device (3) having a plug-in element (31) and the connecting part (22) having a receiving opening (23), the plug-in element (31) and the receiving opening (23) being designed such that Plug-in element (31) extends into or through the receiving opening (23), characterized in that the receiving opening (23) has a coupling section (230) and an adjustment section (231) adjoining this coupling section (230) in such a way that the Coupling section (230) allows the plug-in element (31) to reach in or through the connecting part (22) and the adjustment section (231) allows a macroscopic movement of the connecting part (22) relative to the plug-in element (31) in a first spatial direction and in a second spatial direction mechanically limited.

Description

The invention relates to a kit for attaching a solar module. In particular, the invention relates to a kit for attaching a solar module to and/or to a building roof.

From the WO 2018/081 300 A1 It is known to attach a solar module to a building roof using a suspension. A solar cell layer is placed between glass panes and a substrate and embedded in the substrate to produce a solar module in the form of a solar tile or shingle. This tile or shingle-shaped solar module has hanging holes through which the solar module is attached to the roof of the building. However, these hanging holes require that the desired position of the solar module on the building roof is first found. This desired position is then fixed, for example by attaching nails or screws through the hanging holes to the roof substructure and thus the shingle or tile-shaped solar module is also fixed to the roof substructure.

It is therefore an object of the invention, on the one hand, to enable quick, cost-effective and readjustable assembly of solar modules, in particular tile- or shingle-shaped solar modules, on a building roof and, on the other hand, to allow individual solar modules to be subsequently replaced or adjusted in the case of a completely covered building roof are defective or not optimally positioned.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a kit with the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous further developments and modifications are specified in the subclaims.

• - ein Solarmodul,
• - eine Befestigungseinrichtung zum Anordnen des Solarmoduls auf einem Gebäudedach, wobei die Befestigungseinrichtung ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, an dem Gebäudedach dauerhaft befestigt zu werden, und
• - eine Verbindungseinrichtung zum mechanischen Verbinden des Solarmoduls mit der Befestigungseinrichtung, die einen Halteteil zum Halten des Solarmoduls und einen Verbindungsteil zur Herstellung einer lösbaren Verbindung mit der Befestigungseinrichtung aufweist,

wobei die Befestigungseinrichtung ein Steckelement und der Verbindungsteil eine Aufnahmeöffnung aufweist, wobei das Steckelement und die Aufnahmeöffnung derart ausgebildet sind, dass das Steckelement in die Aufnahmeöffnung hinein- oder durch diese hindurchgreift,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahmeöffnung einen Koppelabschnitt und einen sich an diesen Koppelabschnitt anschließenden Justageabschnitt derart aufweist, dass der Koppelabschnitt das Hinein- oder Hindurchgreifen des Steckelements in oder durch das Verbindungsteil erlaubt und der Justageabschnitt eine makroskopische Bewegung des Verbindungsteils relativ zum Steckelement auf eine erste Raumrichtung und auf eine zweite Raumrichtung mechanisch beschränkt.The invention relates to a kit containing

• - a solar module,
• - a fastening device for arranging the solar module on a building roof, the fastening device being designed and set up to be permanently fastened to the building roof, and
• - a connecting device for mechanically connecting the solar module to the fastening device, which has a holding part for holding the solar module and a connecting part for producing a detachable connection to the fastening device,

wherein the fastening device has a plug-in element and the connecting part has a receiving opening, the plug-in element and the receiving opening being designed such that the plug-in element extends into or through the receiving opening,
characterized in that the receiving opening has a coupling section and an adjustment section adjoining this coupling section such that the coupling section allows the plug-in element to reach into or through the connecting part and the adjustment section allows a macroscopic movement of the connecting part relative to the plug-in element in a first spatial direction and mechanically limited to a second spatial direction.

By combining a fastening device to be fastened on the building roof with a connecting device that connects the solar module to the fastening device and is releasably attached to the fastening element and has an adjustment option, a quick and spatially precise installation and individual interchangeability of a solar module on the building roof are provided , even if the building roof is completely covered with the solar modules and/or roof tiles or if a subsequent adjustment of the position of the solar modules proves necessary.

The fastening device is used to anchor the solar module on the building roof, the fastening device being designed and set up to be permanently fastened to the building roof.

For example, it can be driven into the building roof using a tool such as a hammer, so that it cannot be removed from the building roof without a tool. The connecting device can be connected to the solar module and the fastening device and at the same time serves as a holder for the solar module and as a fastening element via the fastening device on the building roof. The solar module can be hooked in and out of the fastening device attached to the building roof via the connecting device. The adjustment section enables the solar module to be spatially aligned within a defined framework.

For the purposes of the invention, the term “solar module” includes at least one, preferably several, electrically interconnected solar cells that are encapsulated in a sufficiently long-term weather-stable manner. Both wafer solar cells and thin-film solar cells can be used.

In the sense of the invention, the receiving opening of the fastening device can be designed to pass through the structure, for example as a bore, or to pass through the structure as a recess, in the form of a so-called blind hole. Likewise, different sections of the receiving opening can be designed as a combination of both structural training variants (structure-wide and non-structure-wide).

For the purposes of the invention, the phrase “macroscopic” movement means a movement that can be seen with the naked eye without optical magnification aids. In the case of macroscopic movements, in the sense of the present invention, movement paths of significantly more than one millimeter are covered. The spatial degrees of freedom of movement for macroscopic movements are limited by the mechanical interaction of the fastening device and the connecting device. Microscopic movements, i.e. in the range of a few millimeters or less, can still be possible in spatial directions other than those intended for adjustment.

In a preferred embodiment, the adjustment section is shaped in such a way that it restricts the macroscopic movement along the first spatial direction and along the second spatial direction in a ratio of more than 10:1. This enables, in particular, a linear adjustment in a desired adjustment spatial direction.

The adjustment section preferably has an extension in the direction of the first spatial direction that is more than four times larger than in the direction of the second spatial direction. The solar module thereby receives a defined adjustment direction along a desired first spatial direction when installed on the building roof.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastening device is designed as a plug-in element and has a body running along an extension direction with a pin or a hook head, the pin head being larger than the body when viewed transversely to the extension direction of the body, or the hook head being at least in a spatial direction transverse to the direction of extension of the body is designed to be larger than the body. The fastening device further preferably has a base section which, after the fastening device has been fastened to the building roof, is arranged around the body and at least partially between the connecting device and the building roof. The base section is preferably designed in such a way that it can itself be fastened to the building roof. The base section can, for example, be pointed, i.e. taper towards the lower end opposite the head end of the body. Alternatively, the base section is preferably designed to be attached to the building roof by means of one or more fastening means such as nails or screws. For example, the base section has at least one hole or bore for this purpose. In this case, the fastening device is designed in several parts and, in addition to being designed as the plug-in element, includes one or more fastening elements.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastening device is designed as a plug-in element in the form of a body with a pin head. That is, it preferably has a flattened or rounded section at its upper or head end with a larger diameter than the diameter of the body. It preferably has a tapered section at the opposite lower end for driving into the building roof, wherein the tapered, tapered section can be designed as a base section.

In a more preferred embodiment, the fastening device is designed as a plug-in element in the form of a body with a hook head. That is, it preferably has a hook-shaped section at its upper or head end, which has a greater extent than the body, at least in a spatial direction transverse to the direction of extension of the body. It preferably has a base section at the opposite lower end, which is designed to be attached to the building roof by means of one or more fastening means.

The adjustment section is preferably designed as an elongated hole. In the sense of the invention, an elongated hole is an elongated hole or groove. The elongated hole has elongated long sides and narrow sides. Its narrow sides are preferably closed off by semicircles whose diameter corresponds to the width of the elongated hole, while the long sides of the elongated hole run parallel to one another. Alternatively, it is also possible to design the adjustment section as a blind hole designed to correspond to the dimensions of the elongated hole.

The holding part of the connecting device is preferably designed as a U-shaped section, which is designed and dimensioned to encompass an edge section of the solar module. The enclosed edge section of the solar module does not have any solar cells because these would be shaded by the U-shaped section.

Preferably, the U-shaped section is designed and dimensioned to exert a clamping force on the received part of the solar module, which fixes the solar module in the U-shaped section. This makes it possible to avoid an additional component for mechanically connecting the solar module to the connecting device, which would cause additional costs. In addition to or as an alternative to the clamping force, the use of an adhesive to fix the solar module in the connecting device can be advantageous.

In a preferred embodiment, the kit additionally has a securing element, wherein the two opposite legs of the U-shaped section and the solar module each have an opening, which are each designed and dimensioned to accommodate the securing element, which is designed to hold the solar module in the U -shaped section to secure the two legs. The opening is preferably designed as a round hole, which extends through the two opposite legs. The securing element is preferably designed as a screw, while the openings in the two opposite legs preferably each have a thread. The securing element ensures that the solar module is securely fixed to the connecting device.

The solar module preferably has a photovoltaically inactive edge section, with the holding part of the connecting device being designed to fully or partially engage over the inactive edge section. This ensures that no photovoltaic active area is shaded when the solar module is mounted on the building roof. This ensures that the solar module does not experience any loss of efficiency due to shading from the kit elements after it has been installed on the building roof.

In a preferred embodiment, the holding part has a plurality of receiving openings and a plurality of fastening devices. This can be advantageous if the shingle or tile-like solar modules have larger dimensions and therefore a greater weight.

• 1 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Bausatzes zur Befestigung eines Solarmoduls,
• 2 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf den in 1 gezeigten Bausatz,
• 3 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Bausatzes zur Befestigung eines Solarmoduls und
• 4 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf den in 3 gezeigten Bausatz.

The invention is explained below using two exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. Shown here schematically and not to scale:

• 1 a perspective side view of a kit according to the invention for attaching a solar module,
• 2 a perspective top view of the in 1 kit shown,
• 3 a perspective side view of another kit according to the invention for attaching a solar module and
• 4 a perspective top view of the in 3 kit shown.

1 shows a perspective side view of a kit according to the invention for attaching a solar module. The kit contains a solar module 1, shown only in sections, a fastening device 3 and a connecting device 2 for mechanically connecting the solar module 1 to the fastening device 3.

The fastening device 3 is designed to arrange the solar module 1 on a building roof (not shown). The fastening device 3 is designed and set up to be permanently attached to the building roof. For mechanical coupling to the connecting device 2, the fastening device 3 has a plug-in element 31 with a body 310 running along an extension direction and having a pin head 311. The pin head 311 is larger than the body 310 when viewed transversely to the extension direction of the body 310. The body 310 can be driven into the building roof using a tool (not shown) and thereby secured. The fastening element 3 further has a base section 32 which is arranged around the body 310 and between the connecting device 2 and the building roof after the fastening device 3 has been fastened to the building roof.

The connecting device 2 has a holding part 21 for holding the solar module 1 and a connecting part 22 for producing a detachable connection with the fastening device 3. The connecting part 22 is designed with a receiving opening 23 for this purpose. The plug-in element 31 and the receiving opening 23 are dimensioned such that the plug-in element 31 reaches into and through the receiving opening 23. Alternatively, they can also be designed in such a way that the plug-in element 31 engages in a receiving opening 23 designed as a blind hole, which is not shown here.

Inside the solar module, one or more solar cells that are electrically interconnected and are permanently encapsulated in a weatherproof manner are arranged. The solar module has a photovoltaic area, which is designed to convert light into electrical energy, and a photovoltaically inactive edge section, which the holding part 21 extends over.

2 shows a perspective top view of the in 1 kit shown. The receiving opening 23 has a coupling section 230 and an adjustment section 231 adjoining this coupling section 230. The diameter of the coupling section 230 of the receiving opening 23 is dimensioned such that the coupling section 230 allows the plug-in element 31 to reach through the connecting part 22 with its pin head 311. At least the adjustment section 231 of the receiving opening 23 has a smaller dimension in such a way that the smaller body 310 compared to the pin head 311 can be moved along the adjustment section 231. Thus, a macroscopic movement of the connecting part 22 relative to the plug-in element 31 is mechanically limited to a first spatial direction and to a second spatial direction. In the third spatial direction, only microscopic movements are possible in the assembled state of the connecting device 2. The adjustment section 231 has an extension in the direction of the first spatial direction that is more than four times larger than in the direction of the second spatial direction. In this preferred embodiment it is designed as an elongated hole. This means that the shingle or tile-shaped solar module is adjusted along the direction of extension of the elongated hole.

3 shows a perspective side view of another kit according to the invention for attaching a solar module. The in 3 The kit shown corresponds to the one in 1 shown kit with the difference that it is instead of the one in 1 pin head shown has a hook head 312 at the upper end of the body 310 and that the base section 32 has larger dimensions and holes 33. The base section 32 can be attached to the building roof via the holes 33 with fasteners (not shown) such as nails.

4 shows a perspective top view of the in 3 Kit shown, whereby the solar module to be attached to the building roof is omitted for the sake of clarity. The receiving opening 23, in particular its adjustment section 231 and its coupling section 230, are adapted to the shape and dimensions of the hook head 312 in order to ensure effective reception and adjustment of the plug-in element 31 with the hook head 312. The base section 32 is only arranged in sections between the connecting device 2 and the building roof.

List of reference symbols:

1

Solar module

2

Connection facility

21

holding part

22

connecting part

23

Recording opening

230

coupling section

231

Adjustment section

24

opening

3

Fastening device

31

Plug-in element

310

Body

311

Pen head

312

Hook head

32

Underlay section

33

holes

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2018081300 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Kit for attaching a solar module, containing - a solar module (1), - a fastening device (3) for arranging the solar module (1) on a building roof, the fastening device (3) being designed and set up to be permanently attached to the building roof, and - a connecting device (2) for mechanically connecting the solar module (1) to the fastening device (3), which has a holding part (21) for holding the solar module (1) and a connecting part (22) for producing a detachable connection to the fastening device ( 3), wherein the fastening device (3) has a plug-in element (31) and the connecting part (22) has a receiving opening (23), the plug-in element (31) and the receiving opening (23) being designed such that the plug-in element (31) reaches into or through the receiving opening (23), characterized in that the receiving opening (23) has a coupling section (230) and an adjustment section (231) adjoining this coupling section (230) such that the coupling section (230) allows the plug-in element (31) to reach in or through the connecting part (22) and the adjustment section (231) mechanically limits a macroscopic movement of the connecting part (22) relative to the plug-in element (31) to a first spatial direction and to a second spatial direction . Kit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the adjustment section (231) is shaped such that it limits a restriction of the macroscopic movement along the first spatial direction and along the second spatial direction in a ratio of more than 10:1. Kit according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the adjustment section (231) has an extension in the direction of the first spatial direction that is more than four times greater than in the direction of the second spatial direction. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening device (3) has as a plug-in element (31) a body (310) running along an extension direction with a pin head (311) or with a hook head (312), the pin head (311 ) viewed transversely to the direction of extension of the body (310), is designed to be larger than the body (310) or wherein the hook head (312) is designed to be larger than the body (310) at least in a spatial direction transverse to the direction of extension of the body (310). Kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjustment section (231) is designed as an elongated hole. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding part (21) of the connecting device (2) is designed as a U-shaped section which is designed and dimensioned to encompass an edge section of the solar module (1). Kit according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the U-shaped section is designed and dimensioned to exert a clamping force on the received part of the solar module (1), which fixes the solar module (1) in the U-shaped section. Kit according to Claim 6 or 7 , characterized by a securing element, wherein the two opposite legs of the U-shaped section and the solar module (1) each have an opening, which are each designed and dimensioned to receive the securing element, which is designed to hold the solar module (1) in the U -shaped section to secure the two legs. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar module (1) has a photovoltaically inactive edge section, the holding part (21) of the connecting device (2) being designed such that it fully or partially engages over the inactive edge section. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding part (21) has a plurality of receiving openings (23) and a plurality of fastening devices (3).

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