DE102022115219A1 - Bullet with circumferential and/or longitudinal groove - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bullet, in particular a full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partially hollow or solid bullet body with a circumferential element arranged on its inner and/or outer surface. and/or longitudinal groove which merges into the adjacent interior and/or exterior surfaces of the projectile body without any contour jumps and/or which has a radius of at least 0.05 mm.

Description

The present invention relates to a bullet, in particular a full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, preferably with a caliber of less than 20 mm, in particular less than 13 mm. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a tool, a system and a method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a bullet blank in order to produce a bullet in particular according to the invention.

Bullets can be equipped with various functional grooves, e.g. fixation or holding grooves, relief grooves to reduce abrasion in the firearm barrel, deformation grooves as predetermined breaking points in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the bullet, or knurling grooves, for example for haptic purposes.

Functional grooves running in the circumferential direction, such as the engagement groove for the sleeve mouth, are usually produced on complex tool stations with different tool arrangements, for example by transverse rolling or transverse wedge rolling. For example, military full jacket bullets are grooved in order to press the case mouth into the groove (crimp). This means that the bullet is held better in the case, which is particularly advantageous in automatic weapons as it can reduce the amount of pressure the projectile has into the case.

However, the complex tool system structure and the large number of tool parts have proven to be disadvantageous in the known methods. In particular, with the known methods for introducing functional grooves into the projectile body, it is not possible to easily increase the number of cycles, which has a negative effect on profitability, for example in mass production. In addition, it has been found that when the bullet is rolled transversely to introduce circumferential grooves, for example, a noticeable transition occurs from the outer circumference of the bullet into the groove, which can have a detrimental effect on the performance of the bullet, for example on the interaction with the tensile field Profile of a firearm barrel.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular to produce functional grooves in projectiles in a manner that is simpler in terms of manufacturing technology, in particular reducing the impairment of the performance of the projectile by the functional grooves.

The task is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.

Thereafter, a projectile for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular at most 13 mm, is provided. The bullet can be a full jacket bullet or a partial jacket bullet. The bullet can be made of brass (for example CuZn30), copper, tombac (for example CuZn10 or CuZn5) or steel, in particular plated or coated steel. However, the bullet can also be made of aluminum or tin.

The projectile according to the invention comprises a projectile body which can be solid or at least partially hollow. The projectile body can have a projectile rear and a projectile front, which has a cavity that is open in the firing direction and is delimited by a projectile wall. The projectile body has an outer surface that is oriented towards the surroundings. If the projectile body has a hollow section, the projectile body also has an inner surface which can be arranged on a projectile wall delimiting the cavity.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the inner and/or outer surface of the projectile body is provided with at least one circumferential and/or longitudinal groove, which merges into the adjacent projectile body inner and/or outer surfaces without any contour jumps and/or which has a radius of at least 0 .05 mm, in particular of at most 0.1 mm. The circumferential and/or longitudinal groove, in particular the groove base, has a reduced diameter compared to the caliber of the projectile and the inner and/or outer surfaces of the projectile body adjacent to the groove. The groove can be, for example, an engagement groove for the sleeve mouth that runs completely around the circumference. Longitudinal grooves that extend in the longitudinal direction can be, for example, deformation and/or relief grooves. Preferably, the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove is introduced by grooves, in particular circumferential grooves or longitudinal grooves. Due to the absence of contour jumps and/or the large radius of the groove, there is little material displacement on the bullet surface, which can lead to local increases in hardness and material stress. The grooves produced in this way can also be produced at a higher production speed, which means that the number of cycles in the production of projectiles according to the invention can be increased, so that overall a more cost-effective projectile can be produced. The gentle one so educated Transitioning the bullet surfaces into the groove reduces the influence of the existing groove on the performance of the bullet.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a bullet, in particular a full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, is provided for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm. The bullet can be made of brass (for example CuZn30), copper, tombac (for example CuZn10 or CuZn5) or steel, in particular plated or coated steel. However, the bullet can also be made of aluminum or tin. The projectile comprises an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body with a circumferential groove arranged on its inner and / or outer surface, in the course of which several radial projections extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile, which can be referred to as flags, are arranged at a particularly constant distance from one another, and /or a longitudinal groove, in the course of which several radial projections extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another. Particularly in the case of functional grooves that serve as holding or gripping grooves, for example for the sleeve mouth, the projections have a positive effect on the holding or fastening force. Through the spaced radial projections, a positive and/or non-positive connection can be achieved, particularly with appropriately structured components to be connected. In the case of deformation grooves with which a desired deformation of the bullet is to be achieved, the deformation behavior can be fine-tuned using the radial projections. For example, a predefined gradual deformation can be achieved due to the wall thickness varying over the course of the groove, and thus a resistance force against deformation.

In an exemplary embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, the radial projections have a width of at most 0.2 mm measured in the direction of extension of the groove and/or are dimensioned such that they extend less than 0.03 mm beyond the respective adjacent projectile body interior and/or exterior surfaces preside. This ensures that they do not negatively affect the performance of the bullet, in particular, for example, the barrel abrasion and/or the press-through resistance through the firearm barrel.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a tool, in particular a grooving tool, is for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a bullet blank, in particular a metallic bullet blank, in particular according to one to produce a projectile designed according to the previously described aspects and/or exemplary embodiments. The tool according to the invention can be set up to be used in a system according to the invention, in particular a scoring station, and/or to interact with a punch-die arrangement in order to score the bullet blank.

The tool according to the invention comprises an elongated, in particular rotation-shaped, hollow body, in particular a sleeve body, for receiving the projectile blank. Alternatively, the hollow body can be inserted into a cavity in the projectile body. The hollow body can be coordinated at least in sections with respect to the bullet blank shape, in particular designed to complement it in shape. For example, the hollow body can comprise an ogivoid-shaped receiving area in which the projectile blank can be at least partially inserted and in particular can be held.

The hollow body has an inwardly or outwardly projecting, in particular circumferential, grooved nose. The groove nose is designed to press the groove into the bullet blank. The groove nose is arranged in particular in the area of the bullet blank holder of the hollow body.

According to the further aspect of the invention, the hollow body is slotted in the longitudinal direction in such a way that when a force is applied from the outside, if the groove nose is arranged on the inside, or from the inside, if the groove nose is arranged on the outside, the hollow body is in particular elastically deformable, in particular compressible or expandable is that the groove nose can press the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into the bullet blank. When the hollow body is deformed, a particularly elastic deformation restoring force develops, which results in the hollow body being reusable after a creasing process and/or returning to its original shape. The pressing force is exerted on the tool from the outside, and a deformation of the hollow body is made possible via the slot in the hollow body, so that the pressing force can be exerted or transmitted to the bullet blank via the grooved nose in order to deform it, whereby the circumferential and / or longitudinal groove is introduced. The tool according to the invention is characterized, among other things, by the fact that it has a simple structure and fewer individual parts. It can be placed in a transfer tool or in integrate a station of a transfer press and can be used on a single creasing station, in particular according to the invention. Because the tool is easy to use in terms of manufacturing technology, high cycle rates can be generated, so that the tool is also well suited for mass-produced parts. The tool is also characterized by its compactness. Overall, it needs to be dimensioned only slightly larger than the bullet blanks to be processed. The outer dimension of the tool is in the range of 30-50%, in particular in the range of 35-45%, larger than the outer diameter of the bullet blank to be machined.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the hollow body has a plurality of through slots, in particular arranged at a constant distance from one another, extending in the longitudinal direction of the hollow body, and a plurality of bending wings each separated by two through slots. The bending wings can have the same shape and/or dimensions. A bending wing is limited by two through slots. The through slots are to be understood as meaning that the slot extends completely through from the outer surface of the hollow body to the inner surface of the hollow body, which delimits the hollow space.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the through slots extend, starting from a particularly open groove end of the hollow body, over at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, 70% or 80%, of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body up to a respective slot base, at its axial height In each case a bending joint is fixed, around which an associated bending wing can be pivoted in particular elastically. Viewed in the circumferential direction of the hollow body, the slot base of the through slots and the bending joint of the bending wings alternate in particular evenly. When force is applied to the hollow body to deform the hollow body in order to press the grooved nose into the bullet blank, the bending wings pivot about their respective bending joint, in particular elastically.

In an exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, the groove nose is arranged in the area of the groove end. The through slots can divide the groove nose into several segments distributed in the circumferential direction. For example, the slotting of the hollow body in the case of an inside grooved nose causes compression of the hollow body as a result of the external force, so that the grooved nose segments approach each other, in particular by the extent of the through-slots. This amplitude of movement of the bending wings in the area of the groove end, especially in the area of the groove nose, determines the depth of the circumferential or longitudinal groove.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the through slots extend over at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, 70% or 80% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body such that an unslotted section is formed on both end sides, in particular opening sides, of the hollow body. The unslotted section can extend per end side of the hollow body by at least 5% of its longitudinal extent from the end face of the hollow body. An advantage of the design of the hollow body with two unslotted end sections compared to the slotted design is, in particular, that the hollow body has a higher stability or strength, which means that in particular a greater longevity can be expected.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, each through slot opens into a slot base on both sides, at the axial height of which a bending joint is fixed, around which an associated bending wing can be pivoted, in particular elastically. With regard to the functionality of the bending wings and in particular the bending joint, reference can be made to the previous statements. In contrast to the slotted hollow body variant, in the hollow body variant with the unslotted end sections, the external force for deforming the hollow body is divided into two bending joints per bending wing. Similar to the previous version, the bending wings basically work in a similar way to the functional principle of leaf spring elements.

In a further exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, each through slot opens into two opposite slot bases and the groove nose is arranged in the range of 20% to 80% of a distance, in particular in the range of 40% to 60%, preferably centrally, between the two slot bases. Depending on the positioning of the groove nose, the load on the respective bending joints can be adjusted or adapted.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the bending joints are made in one piece with the respective associated bending wing. In particular, the hollow body is made entirely from one piece, in particular from one piece of metal. The hollow body can be made, for example, from a blank by turning with subsequent heat treatment and by grinding and, if necessary, die sinking be finished. The slots can then be made by wire erosion with a wire diameter of approx. 0.1 mm. For example, the bending joints are designed as film hinges and/or work at least according to the functional principle of a film hinge, without a local reduction in wall thickness compared to the rest of the bending wing being necessary.

According to an exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, the hollow body has an abutment, such as a particularly circumferential projection, in particular an annular projection, approximately at the axial height of the groove nose, which is used to deform the hollow body, in particular for preferably elastic pivoting of the flexible wings, in particular around their flexible joints, with a Force can be applied. The abutment can be designed or cooperate as a defined stop for a punch-die arrangement, for example of a system according to the invention, so that in the event of a coordinated relative movement between the tool and the punch-die arrangement, the punch-die arrangement comes into engagement with the abutment , whereupon the deformation of the hollow body is initiated.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a system, in particular a creasing station, is provided for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove in a bullet blank, in particular in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary designs to produce a projectile.

The system according to the invention comprises a tool designed in particular according to one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments, such as a scoring tool which has a scoring nose with which the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove can be introduced into the bullet blank. With regard to the tool, reference can be made to the previous statements.

Furthermore, the system according to the invention includes a punch-die arrangement for holding the projectile blank.

According to the further aspect of the present invention, the tool and the punch-die arrangement are coordinated with one another and/or the tool and the punch-die arrangement can interact in such a way that the punch-die arrangement is the tool for introducing the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove in the projectile blank can deform, in particular compress or expand, in particular elastically. For example, the force required to deform the tool, which in turn causes the groove to be introduced into the bullet blank, is caused by the interaction of the punch-die arrangement with the tool.

According to an exemplary development of the system according to the invention, the die has a particularly shape-adapted receptacle for the projectile blank and the punch has a driver which is assigned to the tool in such a way that in the event of a particularly translational relative movement of the die and punch, the driver exerts a pressure or pressing force on the tool to deform it. The deformation of the tool in turn has the effect that the force necessary for grooving the bullet blank, in particular deformation force, is available. When using the system according to the invention, no rotating storage of the projectile blank and/or a component of the system is necessary in order to groove the projectile blank; a translational relative movement between the punch and the die is sufficient.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the system according to the invention, the stamp, in particular the driver, has a conical guide surface via which a continuously increasing pressure or pressing force can be generated. During the translatory relative movement of the die and punch, in particular when the die and die move into one another or apart, the driver increasingly wedges itself into one of the die surfaces assigned to it by means of its conical guide surface, so that the force, in particular deformation force, necessary to deform the bullet blank to introduce the groove, is continuous is constructed.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a bullet blank is provided, in particular a scoring method, in particular according to one of the previously described aspects or .To produce a projectile designed according to exemplary designs.

In the method according to the invention, a projectile blank is inserted into a tool designed in particular according to the invention, in particular a system designed according to the invention, and the projectile blank is locally grooved, in particular squeezed, by a particularly elastic deformation, in particular compression or expansion, of the tool, forming the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove .

Preferred embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

• 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage;
• 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs;
• 3 das Werkzeug aus 2 in einer Schnittansicht;
• 4 eine weitere beispielhafte Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs;
• 5 eine weitere beispielhafte Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs;
• 6 eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage vor dem Rillen eines Geschossrohlings;
• 7 die Anlage aus 6 während des Rillens des Geschossrohlings;
• 8 eine beispielhafte Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses;
• 9 eine Detailansicht des Bereichs IX des Geschosses aus 8;
• 10 eine Detailansicht des Bereichs X des Geschosses aus 8;
• 11 eine weitere beispielhafte Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs;
• 12 eine Detailansicht des Bereichs XII des Werkzeugs aus 11;
• 13 eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses; und
• 14 das Geschoss aus 13 in einer Ansicht aus der Richtung der Geschossspitze.

Further properties, features and advantages of the invention will become clear below by describing preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings, in which:

• 1 a schematic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention;
• 2 a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;
• 3 the tool 2 in a sectional view;
• 4 a further exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;
• 5 a further exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;
• 6 a sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention before grooving a bullet blank;
• 7 the system 6 during grooving of the bullet blank;
• 8th an exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention;
• 9 a detailed view of area IX of the floor 8th ;
• 10 a detailed view of area X of the floor 8th ;
• 11 a further exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;
• 12 a detailed view of area XII of the tool 11 ;
• 13 a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; and
• 14 the bullet 13 in a view from the direction of the bullet tip.

In the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a projectile according to the invention is generally designated by reference number 1, a tool according to the invention for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a projectile blank is generally designated by reference number 10, and a system according to the invention for introducing a circumferential groove and/or longitudinal groove in a bullet blank is generally provided with the reference number 100.

1 shows a schematic sectional view of a system 100 according to the invention. The system 100 according to the invention is used to produce a projectile 1 according to the invention, which is also in 1 is shown.

The bullet 1 can in particular be a full jacket bullet or a partial jacket bullet. The projectile 1 comprises a projectile body 3, which has a cylindrical projectile tail 5 and an ogive-shaped projectile bow 7. The projectile body 3 can be solid or have a cavity (not shown) in the projectile bow 7 that is open in the direction of a projectile tip 9, so that the projectile body 3 is hollow in sections. On an outside 11 of the projectile 1, a circumferential groove 13 is pressed in, which has a smaller diameter than the outside 11 of the projectile 1. The circumferential groove 13 can be provided, for example, as an engagement groove for the case mouth of a case.

The system 100 for producing the projectile 1 according to the invention from a projectile blank comprises the following main components: a tool 10 according to the invention and a punch-die arrangement 15, which cooperates with the tool 10 according to the invention or is coordinated with it in order to form the circumferential groove 13 into one Insert the bullet blank. The punch-die arrangement 15 comprises a punch 17 and a die 19, which can be moved translationally relative to one another in a pressing direction P.

In 1 the die 19 is designed to be rotational and has two shoulders on an outer side 21 at which the outer diameter of the die 19 changes suddenly. Viewed from an underside 23 of the die 19 in the direction of an upper side 25 of the die 19 facing the stamp 17, a first shoulder 27 serves as an axial support surface for the tool 10 according to the invention. Further in the direction of the upper side 25, a second shoulder 29 is provided, which This results in an air gap 31 existing between the outside 21 of the die 19 and the tool 10 according to the invention, which enables the tool 10 according to the invention to be compressed in the radial direction, transverse to the pressing direction P, and to be elastically deformed or compressed. Between the paragraph 27 and the paragraph 29, the tool 10 according to the invention rests flatly on the outside 21 of the die 19 and is thus fixed to the die 19 in the pressing direction P and in the radial direction. On the top 25 of the die 19 there is a receptacle 33 for holding the blank bullet or the finished bullet 1. The Recording 33 is adapted to the shape of the projectile bow 7 and is therefore ogive-shaped.

Stamp 17 is in 1 also designed rotationally and has a cavity 37 on an end face 35 facing the die 19. The cavity 37 and a wall 39 of the stamp 17 delimiting the cavity 37 are dimensioned such that at least one side of the tool 10 facing the stamp is received in the cavity 39 and is compressed radially by the wall 39 when the stamp 17 continues in the pressing direction P is moved in the direction of the die 19 and the stamp 17 and the die 19 move into one another. Starting from the end face 35, the cavity 37 is initially formed by a conical wall section 41 and then merges into a cylindrical wall section 43. When the stamp 17 moves in the pressing direction P, the conical wall section 41 exerts a continuously increasing pressure force in the radial direction on the tool 10. The conical wall section 41 can thus be referred to as a conical guide surface.

The structure of a tool 10 according to the invention for introducing a circumferential groove into the outside 11 of a bullet blank is described below using the exemplary embodiment in the 2 and 3 described.

The tool 10 comprises an elongated, sleeve-shaped hollow body 45, which is made from one piece, for example from metal. The hollow body 45 is hollow cylindrical and has a hollow body wall 47 with a constant wall thickness, which delimits a cylindrical cavity 49. The wall thickness can be approximately 2 mm, for example. On an end face 51 or a groove end 51 of the hollow body 45, a circumferential groove lug 53 is formed, which protrudes from the hollow body wall 47 into the interior of the hollow body 45. For example, the groove nose 53 can protrude approximately 4 mm into the interior of the hollow body 45 in the radial direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the tool 10. In the execution in the 2 and 3 the groove nose 53 has a rounding 55 at the end, so that a groove with a round cross-section can be created.

The hollow body 45 has a plurality of through slots 57 oriented in the longitudinal direction L. The through slots 57 extend in the radial direction completely through the entire hollow body wall 47 and through the groove nose 53 and divide these completely into several, separate segments 58 in the area of the groove nose 53 or bending wings 59 in the area of the hollow body wall 47. In other words, they extend the through slots 57 extend over the entire wall thickness of the hollow body 45 from an outside of the hollow body 45 to an inside of the hollow body 45. In the longitudinal direction L, the through slots 57 extend from the groove end 51 in a straight line by at least 50% of a longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45 and each end in one Slot base 61. At the axial height of the slot base 61, each bending wing 59 has a bending joint 63. Because the hollow body 45 is formed in one piece, the bending joints 63 are each formed in one piece with the associated bending wing 59 and designed as film hinges. When the tool 10 is compressed at the groove end 51 or in the area of the groove nose 53, the bending wings 59 can each be elastically pivoted about the bending joint 63 assigned to them. At a hollow body end 65 opposite the groove end 51, an unslotted section 67 is provided with which the tool 10 can be inserted 1 rests on the die 19 of the system 100 according to the invention.

In the exemplary embodiment in the 2 and 3 A total of 20 through slots 57 and thus 20 bending wings 59 are formed, which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at a constant distance from one another. The bending wings 59 are each limited in the circumferential direction by two through slots 57 and are all of the same dimensions and the same shape. It is clear that more or fewer than 20 through slots can also be provided. Preferably between 12 and 36 through slots can be provided. For example, the width of the through slots can be between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm.

To introduce a groove into a bullet blank, the bullet blank is pushed from the groove end 51 of the tool 10 in the longitudinal direction L into the cavity 49 of the hollow body 45 so far that the point of the bullet blank at which the groove is to be inserted is in the longitudinal direction L is positioned at the axial height of the groove nose 53. When a force is applied from outside, the bending wings 59 pivot elastically around the respective bending joint 63 and are elastically deformed or compressed, so that the segments 58 of the grooved nose 53 are pressed together in the radial direction and approach one another by the width of the through slots 57. As a result, the segments 58 of the groove nose 53 press into the bullet blank material and press the desired groove. Thus, thanks to the tool 10 according to the invention, no rotation between the tool 10 and the bullet blank is necessary in order to groove the bullet blank. As soon as the external force no longer acts, the bending wings 59 return to their original position due to the deformation restoring force generated by the elastic deformation Shape and the finished projectile 1 can be removed from the tool 10.

In the case of a bullet blank with a cavity in the nose of the bullet, provision can also be made for a groove to be made on the inside of a wall of the bullet blank that delimits the cavity. The tool according to the invention is then inserted into the cavity of the bullet blank. In this embodiment, the groove nose is arranged on the outside of the slotted hollow body and preferably projects outwards perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. To press the groove, a force is applied to the tool from the inside using a conical stamp, for example, so that the bending wings expand elastically and create an inside groove in the bullet blank on the inside of the wall.

In 4 a further exemplary embodiment of a tool 10 according to the invention is shown. The tool 10 in 4 This differs from the tool in the 2 and 3 that a circumferential projection 69 projecting radially outwards is provided on the hollow body end 65, which leads to a larger contact surface of the tool 10 on the die 19 of a system 100 according to the invention and additionally a support surface 71 opposite the hollow body end 65 for further components of the system 100 provides. The tool 10 also differs in that an abutment 73 in the form of a circumferential annular projection is provided at the axial height of the groove nose 53, at the groove end 51. In this embodiment, the force is applied from outside to the annular projection 73 to elastically deform the tool 10. The annular projection 73 serves as a defined stop, for example for the punch-die arrangement 15. The tool 10 also differs in that there is no rounding at the end of the groove nose 53, but a flat surface 56. Thus, one with the tool 10 according to the embodiment in 4 pressed groove has a rectangular cross section.

5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a tool 10 according to the invention, which differs from the previous embodiments in that an unslotted section 67 is also provided on the end face 51 of the hollow body 45. Both unslotted sections 67 extend by more than 5% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45 from the respective end of the hollow body 45 in the longitudinal direction L towards the center of the hollow body 45. In this embodiment, the through slots 57 each open into two opposite slot bases 61. Each bending wing 59 therefore has two opposing bending joints 63 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the through slots 57 are arranged centrally on the hollow body 45 in the longitudinal direction L and extend over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45. The groove nose 53 and the abutment 73 are in this embodiment in the longitudinal direction L in the middle between the two slot bases 61 arranged. Due to the additional unslotted section 67 on the end face 51 and the two bending joints 61 per bending wing 59, the hollow body 45 has greater stability or strength, which increases the longevity of the tool 10.

In the 6 and 7 a further embodiment of a system 100 according to the invention is shown, the system 100 in 6 before introducing a circumferential groove 13 into a bullet blank 2 and in 7 is shown during the introduction of the circumferential groove 13. The system 100 includes like the system in 1 a tool 10 according to the invention, a stamp 17 and a die 19.

The die 19 essentially corresponds to the die 19 1 , however, differs in that only one shoulder 27 is provided on the outside 21 of the die 19, on which the tool 10 rests. The reason for this is that at the in 6 tool 10 used, an annular projection 73 is provided in the area of the groove nose 53, and thus there is already an air gap between the tool 10 and the outside 21 of the die 19, which enables an elastic deformation of the tool 10, so that no further shoulder is required.

In this embodiment, the die 19 stands on a base plate 75 of the system 100. On the base plate 75, a receptacle 77 with a cylindrical through hole 79, in which the die 19 and the tool 10 are arranged, is also fastened, for example with screws. Two shoulders are provided in the through hole 79, at which the diameter of the through hole 79 changes suddenly. A first paragraph 81, viewed from the direction of the base plate 75, serves to fix a holder 83 for the die 19 and the tool 10. The holder 83 rests on the shoulder 69 of the tool 10 and thus presses the tool 10 and the die 19 against the base plate 75. A spring 85 rests on the holder 83, which biases a pressure piece 87 against the pressing direction P. Contrary to the pressing direction P, the movement of the pressure piece 87 is limited by a second shoulder 89 of the through hole 79.

To introduce a circumferential groove 13 into the bullet blank 2, the bullet blank 2 must first be placed in the receptacle 33 of the die 19. A two-part stamp 91 is provided for this see, which rests on the top and bottom of the bullet blank and can be moved in the pressing direction P relative to the die 19 and the punch 17. When the bullet blank 2 is in the receptacle 33, the punch 17 is moved towards the die 19 in the pressing direction P. The stamp 17 presses with the end face 35 against the pressure piece 87 and moves it in the pressing direction P against the biasing force of the spring 85. As a result, the pressure piece 87 is pushed over the tool 10 and compresses it in the radial direction. As in relation to the 2 and 3 explained, the groove nose 53 of the tool 10 presses a circumferential groove 13 into the outside 11 of the bullet blank 2.

After grooving, the stamp 17 is moved back against the pressing direction P and the spring 85 also presses the pressure piece 87 away from the tool 10 against the pressing direction P, which thereby returns to its original shape. With the help of the stamp 91, the finished projectile 1 can then be moved out of the receptacle 33 and removed.

It can be provided that the pressure piece 87 is driven with a drive (not shown) in such a way that it carries out an eccentric movement during the pressing process. This can ensure that the groove is reliably inserted along the entire circumference of the bullet blank.

8th shows a projectile 1 according to the invention with a circumferential groove 13 made in the outside 11. With reference to 9 and 10 The geometry of the circumferential groove 13 is described below, based on which it can be identified on the finished projectile 1 that the circumferential groove 13 was produced by pressing using a tool 10 according to the invention. It should be clear that the statements also apply in the same way to a longitudinal groove produced with a tool according to the invention.

In this embodiment, the circumferential groove 13 has a round cross section. At the transition 93 between the circumferential groove 13 and the outer wall 11 of the projectile 1, a radius of at least 0.05 mm is formed. The transition 93 between the circumferential groove 13 and the outer wall 11 is therefore designed to be free of contour jumps and has no edge, as occurs with rolled grooves in the prior art (in 9 shown in dashed lines). The transition 93 is more uniform in the projectile 1 according to the invention, so that the performance or flight characteristics of the projectile 1 are not impaired by the circumferential groove 13. When pressing the groove with the tool 10 according to the invention, the individual bending wings 59 and thereby the segments 58 of the groove nose 53 are pressed against one another or moved towards one another as described. Before the segments 58 are completely in contact with one another, however, bullet blank material penetrates between the segments 58, which leads to several radial projections 95 arranged at a constant distance from one another, which corresponds to the width in the circumferential direction of the segments 58 of the grooved nose 53, which can also be referred to as flags , is formed. In 10 Such a radial projection 95 is shown schematically. The radial projections 95 extend in the longitudinal direction of the projectile LG and thus perpendicular to the circumferential groove 13. The radial projections 95 have a width B oriented in the direction of extension of the groove of at most 0.2 mm and a depth T in the radial direction of less than 0.03 mm. The radial projections 95 therefore protrude beyond the outer surface 11 of the projectile 1 by a maximum of 0.03 mm.

In the 11 and 12 a further exemplary embodiment of a tool 10 according to the invention is shown. This differs from the previous tools in the shape of the groove nose 53. This essentially has a flat surface 56, like the tool 4 . In addition, a conically shaped section 101 with a continuously decreasing inner diameter is provided on the side 99 of the groove nose 53 facing away from the groove end 51. In principle, any other shapes of the groove nose and/or projections or depressions on the groove nose are also possible in order to produce grooves with a desired geometry. In addition, the tool 10 differs according to 11 and 12 in that the wall 47 of the hollow body 45 does not have the same wall thickness over the entire longitudinal extent. At the hollow body end 65, the hollow body 45 in this embodiment has a significantly greater wall thickness, which can increase the strength of the tool 10 and can serve as a support surface for further components of a system 100 according to the invention. An inside shoulder 97 is also provided on the hollow body end 65, with which the tool 10 can be attached, for example, to a die or a base plate of a system 100.

In the 13 and 14 a further embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown. In this embodiment, the projectile 1 has six longitudinal grooves 14, which are pressed into the outside 11 of the projectile bow 7 and extend in the longitudinal direction LG of the projectile 1. The longitudinal grooves 14 are arranged at a constant distance from one another and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The longitudinal grooves 14 can be, for example, deformation and/or relief grooves. It is clear that the bullet in the 13 and 14 in addition to the longitudinal grooves 14 one or more circumferential grooves 13 can also be provided.

The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be important both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the invention in the various embodiments.

Reference symbol list

1

bullet

10

Tool

100

Attachment

2

Bullet blank

3

bullet body

5

bullet tail

7

Projectile bow

9

bullet tip

11

Bullet body exterior

13

Circumferential groove

14

Longitudinal groove

15

Punch-die arrangement

17

Rubber stamp

19

die

21

Die outside

23

Die bottom

25

Die top

27

Paragraph

29

Paragraph

31

air gap

33

Recording

35

Stamp front side

37

cavity

39

Wall

41

conical wall section

43

cylindrical wall section

45

Hollow body

47

Hollow body wall

49

cavity

51

Groove ends

53

grooved nose

55

rounding

56

Area

57

passage slot

58

segment

59

Bending wings

61

slot base

63

Bending joint

65

Hollow body end

67

unslit section

69

Paragraph

71

Support surface

73

Ring projection

75

base plate

77

Recording

79

Through hole

81

Paragraph

83

bracket

85

Feather

87

Pressure piece

89

Paragraph

91

Print stamp

93

groove transition

95

Radial projection

97

Paragraph

99

Grooved nose end

101

conical section

L

Longitudinal direction

LG

Longitudinal direction of the floor

P

Pressing direction

Claims (16)

Projectile (1), in particular full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body (3) with an inner and/or outer surface (11 ) arranged circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14), which merges into the adjacent projectile body inner and/or outer surfaces (11) without any contour jumps and/or which has a radius of at least 0.05 mm. Projectile (1), especially after Claim 1 , in particular full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, for ammunition, for example, with a caliber of not more than 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body (3) with a circumferential groove (13) arranged on its inner and / or outer surface (11), in the course of which there are several radial projections (95) extending in the longitudinal direction (LG) of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another, and/or a longitudinal groove (14), in the course of which a plurality of radial projections (95) extending transversely to the longitudinal direction (LG) of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another. Projectile (1). Claim 2 , wherein the radial projections (95) have a width (B) of at most 0.2 mm and / or protrude in the radial direction less than 0.03 mm beyond the inner or outer surface (11). Tool (10), in particular a scoring tool, for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a projectile blank (2) in order to produce a projectile (1) designed in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an elongated hollow body (45 ), in particular sleeve body, for receiving the bullet blank (2) or for inserting it into a cavity of the bullet blank (2) with an inwardly or outwardly projecting, in particular circumferential, grooved nose (53), the hollow body (45) being in the longitudinal direction (L ) is slotted so that when a force is applied from outside or inside, the hollow body (45) is in particular elastically deformable, in particular compressible or expandable, in such a way that the groove nose (53) forms the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) in the bullet blank (2) can press in. tool (10). Claim 4 , wherein the hollow body (45) has a plurality of through slots (57) extending in the longitudinal direction (L), in particular arranged at a constant distance from one another, and a plurality of bending wings (59) each separated by two through slots (57). tool (10). Claim 5 , wherein the through slots (57) extend from a groove end (51) of the hollow body (45) over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body (45) to a respective slot base (61), at the axial height of which there is a bending joint (63 ) is determined by which an associated bending wing (59) can be pivoted in particular elastically. tool (10). Claim 6 , wherein in the area of the groove end (51) the groove nose (53) is arranged, in particular the through slots (57) dividing the groove nose (53) into several segments (58) distributed in the circumferential direction. tool (10). Claim 5 , wherein the through slots (57) extend over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body (45) in such a way that an unslotted section (67) is formed on both end sides (51, 65) of the hollow body (45). tool (10). Claim 8 , each through slot (57) opening into two opposite slot bases (61), at the axial height of which a bending joint (63) is fixed, around which an associated bending wing (59) can be pivoted in particular elastically. tool (10). Claim 8 or 9 , each through slot (57) opening into two opposite slot bases (61) and the groove nose (53) in the range of 20% to 80% of a distance, in particular in the range of 40% to 60%, preferably in the middle, between the two slot bases ( 61) is arranged. Tool (10) according to one of the Claims 6 until 10 , wherein the bending joints (63) are made in one piece with the respective associated bending wing (59), in particular the hollow body (45) being made in one piece and / or wherein the bending joints (63) are designed as a film hinge. Tool (10) according to one of the Claims 4 until 10 , wherein the hollow body (45) has an abutment (73) at the axial height of the groove nose (53), which is used to deform the hollow body (45), in particular for preferably elastic pivoting of the bending wings (59), in particular around the bending joints (63). a force can be acted upon. System (100), in particular scoring station, for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a projectile blank (2), in particular according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 to produce a trained projectile (1), comprising in particular one according to one of the Claims 4 until 12 designed tool (10), which has a groove nose (53), and a punch-die arrangement (15) for holding the bullet blank (2), the tool (10) and the punch-die arrangement (15) being on top of each other in this way are coordinated so that the punch-die arrangement (15) can deform, in particular elastically, in particular compress or spread, the tool (10) for introducing the circumferential and / or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into the projectile blank (2). Attachment (100). Claim 13 , whereby the die (19) is particularly shaped Receptacle (33) for the projectile blank (2) and the punch (17) has a driver (39, 87) which is assigned to the tool (10) in such a way that in the event of a particularly translational relative movement of the die (19) and punch (17 ) the driver (39, 87) exerts a compressive force on the tool (10) in order to deform it. Attachment (100). Claim 13 or 14 , wherein the stamp (17), in particular the driver (39, 87), has a conical guide surface (41) via which a continuously increasing pressure force can be generated. Method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a bullet blank (2), in particular according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 to produce a trained projectile (1), in which a projectile blank (2) is inserted in particular according to one of the Claims 4 until 12 trained tool (10), preferably one according to one of the Claims 13 until 15 trained system (100), is used and in which the projectile blank (2) is locally grooved to form the circumferential and / or longitudinal groove (13, 14) by a particularly elastic deformation, in particular compression or expansion, of the tool (10).

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