DE102021209947A1 - E-axle module of an electrically powered vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an e-axle module (10) of an electrically driven vehicle. The e-axle module (10) comprises an electric machine (12) and an at least single-stage transmission (14) to which a switching unit (26) is assigned. The switching unit (26) has a switching element (48) which, in a first switching position (80), separates the electric machine (12) from the output side of the E-axis module (10) with output shafts (38, 40), in a second switch position (82) couples the electrical machine (12) to it and in a third switch position (84) blocks the output side of the E-axle module (10) against a housing (46).

Description

technical field

The invention relates to an e-axle module of an electrically driven vehicle with an electric machine and an at least one-stage transmission, which is assigned a switching unit. In addition, the invention relates to the use of the e-axle module in an electrically powered passenger vehicle or in an electrically powered utility vehicle.

State of the art

DE 10 2015 016 689 A1 relates to a shift selector and parking lock system for a motor vehicle, with at least one shift selector device being provided for engaging or disengaging transmission gears and/or for selecting at least one driving program. Furthermore, a parking lock device, in particular one that can be actuated electrically, for realizing a transmission parking lock module is disclosed. The shift selector device has at least one shift selector lever unit with at least one shift selector lever, the parking lock device comprising at least one mechanical locking device and at least one electromechanical actuator that actuates the mechanical locking device. The electromechanical actuator is located substantially adjacent to and/or adjacent to and/or substantially adjacent to the shift selector unit.

DE 10 2017 221 201 A1 relates to an actuating device for actuating a transmission emergency release of a transmission of a motor vehicle. The actuating device comprises an actuating element fixed to the vehicle, by means of which the parking lock can be quickly deactivated manually or mechanically. A tool is provided which is designed separately from the actuating element and by means of which the actuating element can be actuated manually and mechanically in order to manually deactivate the parking lock.

DE 20 2020 100 331 U1 relates to an electric drive with a parking lock device and an axle drive assembly with the electric drive for a motor vehicle. According to this solution, an electric drive for a motor vehicle includes a drive housing with a motor housing section that defines a motor compartment. A stator and a rotor are arranged in the engine room. The rotor is rotatably mounted to the stator by means of a rotor shaft. The electric drive has a parking lock device with an engagement mechanism for locking the rotor shaft relative to the drive housing.

Out of DE 10 2011 088 667 A1 and DE 10 2011 088 664 A1 decoupling systems with different mechanical arrangements are known, which are used in electric drives. The electric drives are in particular secondary drives in order to separate the drive from the vehicle and thereby reduce the drag torque.

Presentation of the invention

According to the invention, an e-axle module of an electrically driven vehicle is proposed, with an electric machine and an at least one-stage transmission, to which a switching unit is assigned. The switching unit has a switching element which, in a first switching position, separates the electric machine from the output shafts, in a second switching position couples the electric machine to them and in a third switching position performs a parking lock function.

The switching unit proposed according to the invention, which can be accommodated on an intermediate shaft in the transmission of the E-axis module, for example, allows the decoupling function and the parking lock function to be accommodated in a compact manner in one switching unit that realizes both functions. The switching unit proposed according to the invention can also be accommodated on or in the differential gear of the electrically driven vehicle or an electrically driven utility vehicle.

In an advantageous embodiment of the E-axis module proposed according to the invention, the switching element of the switching unit can be moved in the translatory direction. As a result, a simple actuation option can be achieved, for example by means of a shift fork which is moved via a spindle drive; furthermore, the structural size of the switching unit proposed according to the invention is influenced very favorably as a result. In an advantageous further development of the E-axis module proposed according to the invention, the switching element is designed, for example, as a sliding sleeve with internal teeth, which can be displaced coaxially with a transmission input shaft of the transmission.

The e-axle module according to the invention is advantageously designed in such a way that the at least one-stage gear includes a second pinion of a second gear stage, which has sliding teeth on a sleeve part that can be gripped over by the switching element. In particular, this embodiment variant enables very short switching paths, which has a very favorable effect on the structural size of the actuator that actuates the switching unit.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the E-axis module proposed according to the invention, the shifting element is accommodated with a shifting fork that can be moved in both translatory directions in an axial bearing. Such a design of the switching unit influences its size in a favorable manner.

In the E-axis module proposed according to the invention, the shift fork is actuated by a spindle nut that is guided in the axial bearing and is driven by a servomotor. In addition to the compact size, this design variant allows short travel distances to be achieved.

If the switching unit on the e-axle module proposed according to the invention is in the first switch position, the switching element interrupts a power flow, starting from the electric machine of the e-axle module on the differential gear, which is contained in the e-axle module. In this case, the respective electrical machine can be decoupled in an advantageous manner, so that a drag torque-free “coasting operation” of the electrically driven vehicle is possible.

If, on the other hand, the switching unit on the E-axle module proposed according to the invention is in the second switching position, the switching element couples the transmission input shaft, which is connected to the electric machine, to the differential gear via sliding teeth of a sleeve part of a pinion, so that a drive connection of the electric machine is given to the differential gear.

Finally, if the switching unit on the E-axis module proposed according to the invention is moved into its third switching position, the switching element, in particular designed as a sliding sleeve, engages over the slotted toothing of the sleeve part of a second pinion and a toothing fixed to the housing, so that the rotation of the second pinion is blocked. As a result, the parking lock function can be implemented with a small translational adjustment path of the switching element, without a separate parking lock module being required. Rather, this is integrated into the switching unit which is proposed according to the invention and implements three switching positions.

In the E-axle module proposed according to the invention, the shift fork mounted on the axial bearing can be connected to a locking clutch having teeth.

In addition, the invention relates to the use of the e-axle module in an electrically powered passenger vehicle or in an electrically powered, light commercial vehicle.

Advantages of the Invention

The e-axle module proposed according to the invention with the multifunctional switching unit can be used both to provide a decoupling system for an electric drive and to implement a parking lock function. The decoupling function and the parking lock function are realized in one and the same control unit by the switching unit proposed according to the invention and integrated into the E-axle module. As a result, the installation space in the E-axle module can be better utilized in an advantageous manner, and there is also no need to provide a separate parking lock unit. Finally, due to the reduced weight, the range of the electrically powered vehicle, be it a passenger vehicle or a light commercial vehicle, can be increased. The use of a decoupling system and an additional parking lock unit in a drive unit poses a functional problem in the event that the decoupling system would have to be arranged closer to the output than the parking lock system, due to the significantly higher additional effort and depending on the arrangement. This means that the parking lock system would have no function in the uncoupled state. On the other hand, this problem does not arise when the switching unit proposed according to the invention is used.

The parking lock system is advantageously integrated into the switching unit by the switching unit proposed according to the invention, so that the electric machine or the transmission coupled to it can be blocked and safe parking of the vehicle is thus ensured.

character list

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the following description.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Komponenten des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen E-Achsen-Moduls mit Schalteinheit,
• 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Komponenten der Schalteinheit,
• 3 eine beispielhafte Konstruktion der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Schalteinheit,
• 4 einen Schnitt durch die in 3 dargestellte Schalteinheit,
• 5 die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Schalteinheit in ihrer ersten Schaltstellung,
• 6 die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Schalteinheit in ihrer zweiten Schaltstellung und
• 7 die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Schalteinheit in ihrer dritten Schaltstellung, die die Parksperrenfunktion realisiert.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of the components of the e-axle module proposed according to the invention with switching unit,
• 2 an enlarged view of the components of the switching unit,
• 3 an exemplary construction of the switching unit proposed according to the invention,
• 4 a cut through the in 3 switching unit shown,
• 5 the switching unit proposed according to the invention in its first switching position,
• 6 the switching unit proposed according to the invention in its second switching position and
• 7 the switching unit proposed according to the invention in its third switching position, which implements the parking lock function.

Embodiments of the invention

In the following description of the embodiments of the invention, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference symbols, with a repeated description of these elements being dispensed with in individual cases. The figures represent the subject matter of the invention only schematically.

1 shows in a schematic way the components of an E-axle module 10 proposed according to the invention with an integrated switching unit 26.

Out of 1 shows that the e-axle module 10 includes an electric machine 12 and various components of a transmission 14 . The transmission 14 includes a transmission input shaft 16 on which a pinion 18 of a first gear stage is accommodated. This meshes with a gear wheel 20 of the first gear stage of the gear mechanism 14. The gear wheel 20 of the first gear stage is mounted on an intermediate shaft 22, on which a guide sleeve with splines 24 is also mounted. A shifting unit 26 is located on the intermediate shaft 22 of the transmission 14. The shifting unit 26 comprises, in addition to a shifting element 48 movable in displacement directions 51 in the form of a sliding sleeve with internal teeth, said guide sleeve with plug-in teeth 24, which is held on the intermediate shaft 22 in a torque-proof manner. Furthermore, the switching unit 26 according to in 1 reproduced schematic representation of a pinion 28 of a second gear stage. The pinion 28 of the second gear stage comprises a cylindrically designed, axially extending sleeve part 30 enclosing the intermediate shaft 22. A sliding toothing 50 is accommodated on the end face of the sleeve part 30 of the pinion 28 of the second gear stage. Furthermore, the switching unit 26 according to in 1 Schematic representation shown a housing-fixed toothing 44, which is not shown here, only schematically indicated housing 46 seated stationary.

The pinion 28 of the second gear stage meshes with a gear wheel 34 of the second gear stage, which can be coupled to a differential 36 . A first output shaft 38 and a second output shaft 40 extend to the side of the differential 36 of the e-axle module 10 to the driven wheels of an electric vehicle (not shown here).

The essential components of the switching unit 26 are the switching element 48 in the form of the sliding sleeve with internal teeth, the guide sleeve with plug-in teeth 24, the sliding teeth 50 formed on the sleeve part 30 and the teeth 44 fixed to the housing, these all being supported by the sliding sleeve 48, i.e. H. the switching element, can be attacked.

2 shows the components of the switching unit 26 on an enlarged scale, which in the e-axle module 10 proposed according to the invention implements both the decoupling function of an electric machine on the one hand and a parking lock function 86 on the other.

2 shows that the intermediate shaft 22 extends essentially through the second pinion 28 of the second gear stage together with the sleeve part 30 with the sliding teeth 50 . The second pinion 28 is therefore accommodated concentrically with the intermediate shaft 22 . The in the displacement directions 51 translationally movable switching element in the form of the sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth according to 2 engages over the toothing of the guide sleeve with spline 24, which is held in a torque-proof manner on the intermediate shaft 22. According to the travel - indicated by the displacement directions 51 on the double arrow - the switching element in the form of the sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth can be moved in translatory directions in such a way that the internal toothing of the sliding sleeve trained switching element 48 can overlap the sliding toothing 50 on the sleeve part 30 and also the toothing 44 fixed to the housing, depending on which switching position is to be realized by the switching unit 26 in each case.

The 3 and 4 show an exemplary construction of the switching unit proposed according to the invention with an actuation by means of a shift fork and an electric servomotor.

A shift fork 54 is located on an axial bearing 56. Inside the shift fork 54 is an in 4 shown spindle nut 70 was added; the spindle 72 driven by the actuator moves the shift fork 54 in the translational direction. In the representation according to 3 the tines of the shift fork 54 grip around the shifting element designed as a sliding sleeve 48 . In the variant according to 3 a toothing 68 is formed on this. 3 also shows that the pinion 28 of the second gear stage is provided with a locking clutch 58. The pinion 28 of the second gear stage is connected via an in 4 illustrated needle bearing 66 was added to the intermediate shaft 22, which is in a first bearing 60, as shown in 3 is shown, is stored and in a second bearing 62, as it 4 can be seen.

From the sectional view according to 4 shows that the tines of the shift fork 54 engage in corresponding depressions on the outer circumference of the shifting element designed as a sliding sleeve 48 and adjust them in the axial direction.

The translational movement of the shift fork 54 is caused by the rotational movement of the spindle 72 or a spindle nut 70, which is driven in rotation by the actuator 52 serving as a servomotor. Corresponding to the translational movement of the shift fork 54, the shifting element designed as a sliding sleeve 48 also moves in the axial direction, ie parallel to the intermediate shaft 22. From the illustration according to FIG 4 it also follows that the intermediate shaft 22 is mounted in the first bearing 60 and in the second bearing 62 . The mounting of the intermediate shaft 22 in the bearings 60, 62 is, for example, an offset mounting, alternatively a fixed/loose mounting would also be possible. On the circumference of the intermediate shaft 22, the gear 20 of the first gear stage is held in a rotationally fixed manner. In contrast to this, the pinion 28 of the second gear stage is held on the outer circumference of the intermediate shaft 22 via said needle bearings 66 .

reference numeral 64 denotes a clutch body of the lock-up clutch 58; reference numeral 74 designates a spindle bearing of spindle nut 70 , which extends in the axial direction and is driven via actuator 52 .

The 5 , 6 and 7 each show different switching positions 80, 82, 84 of the switching unit 26 integrated in the E-axle module 10, in particular in its transmission 14.

5 shows that the switching unit 26 is placed in its first switching position 80. In this position, the drive of the electrical machine 12 runs via the transmission input shaft 16 and the pinion 18 of the first transmission stage, the gear wheel 20 of the first transmission stage in the intermediate shaft 22 (cf. representation according to 1 ). In the first switching position 80 is the switching element, designed as a sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth over the teeth of the guide sleeve with splines 24, so that a torque-transmitting connection to the pinion 28 of the second gear stage is omitted. In this case, the electric machine 12 is decoupled from the differential 36 and thus from the output shafts 38, 40, so that the electrically powered passenger vehicle or the electrically powered commercial vehicle coasts, ie the drag torque is reduced, the vehicle coasts efficiently or by another drive is moved.

6 shows, in contrast, that the switching unit 26 has been moved into the second switching position 82 . About the in 3 In the shift fork 54 shown, the shifting element, preferably designed as a sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth, can be moved translationally in the direction of displacement 51 in such a way that the internal teeth of the sliding sleeve 48 engage over both the guide sleeve with plug-in teeth 24 and the sliding teeth 50 on the sleeve part 30 of the pinion 28 of the second gear stage, consequently there is a torque-transmitting connection between the intermediate shaft 22 and the pinion 28 of the second gear stage of the transmission 14 . In this case, the electric machine 12 as shown in FIG 1 connected to the differential 36 via the switching unit 26 switched to the second switching position 82, the pinion 28 of the second gear stage and the gear wheel 34, so that the torque which the electric machine 12 generates is transmitted to the output shafts 38, 40. In the opposite case, too, a torque can be transmitted to the electric machine 12 in the second switching position 82 of the switching unit 26, so that a recuperation mode of the electric machine 12 can be implemented, braking energy can be recovered and fed into the battery as charging current.

7 finally shows that the switching unit 26 when the switching element designed as a sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth is actuated in the direction of displacement 51 releases both the guide sleeve with plug-in teeth 24 and engages over the sliding teeth 50 on the sleeve part 30 of the pinion 28 of the second gear stage. In addition, in the third switching position 84 according to 7 the gearing 44 fixed to the housing, which is connected to the housing 46, is also engaged by the shifting element of the shifting unit 26, designed as a sliding sleeve 48 with internal teeth, so that the rotation of the pinion 28 of the second gear stage of the gearing 14 is blocked. In the third switching position 84 as shown in FIG 7 the parking lock function 86 is thus represented by the switching unit 26 . By using the 5 until 7 Different switching positions 80, 82, 84 of the switching unit 26 shown can be realized by the switching unit 26 in a very compact manner, a combination of the two functions decoupling and parking lock in one and the same switching unit 26. An inexpensive and simple solution can be presented in an advantageous manner. In particular, a modular on construction and thus a simple variant management possible. In the illustrations according to 5 until 7 the switching unit 26 is assigned to the intermediate shaft 22, in particular to the pinion 28 of the second gear stage. However, this representation is only to be regarded as an exemplary embodiment. The switching unit 26 according to the invention, which serves as a decoupling parking lock unit, can also be arranged at all other points in the transmission 14 between the transmission input shaft 16 and the differential 36 . The arrangement of the elements to be switched is also exemplary and can be interchanged or varied as desired.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described here and the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, within the range specified by the claims, a large number of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of expert action.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102015016689 A1 [0002]
• DE 102017221201 A1 [0003]
• DE 202020100331 U1 [0004]
• DE 102011088667 A1 [0005]
• DE 102011088664 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

E-axle module (10) of an electrically driven vehicle with an electric machine (12) and an at least single-stage transmission (14) to which a switching unit (26) is assigned, characterized in that the switching unit (26) has a switching element (48 ) which, in a first switching position (80), separates the electrical machine (12) from an output side of the E-axis module (10) with output shafts (38, 40), in a second switching position (82), the electrical machine (12 ) coupled with this and in a third switching position (84) blocked the output side of the E-axis module (10) against a housing (46). E-axis module (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the switching element (48) of the switching unit (26) is movable in the translatory direction (51). E-axis module (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the switching element (48) is designed as a sliding sleeve with internal teeth, which moves axially parallel to a transmission input shaft (16) of the transmission (14). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the at least one-stage gear (14) comprises a second pinion (28) of a second gear stage, which on a sleeve part (30) comprises a shifting element (48) engageable shift teeth (50). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that a shift fork (54) moving the shifting element (48) in translational directions (51) is accommodated on an axial bearing (56). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the shift fork (54) is actuated via a spindle nut (70) guided in the axial bearing (56) and a spindle (72) which is driven via an actuator (52). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that in the first switching position (80) of the switching unit (26), the switching element (48) interrupts a power flow from the electric machine (12) to a differential gear (36). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that in the second switching position (82) of the switching unit (26), the switching element (48) connects the electric machine (12) via the transmission input shaft (22) with the sliding teeth (50) of the sleeve part (30) of the second pinion (28 ) connects to the differential gear (36). E-axis module (10) according to the claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that in the third switching position (84) of the switching unit (26), the switching element (48) connects a sliding toothing (50) of the sleeve part (30) of the second pinion (28) with a toothing (44) fixed to the housing and the rotation of the second pinion (28) blocked. Use of the E-axis module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 9 in an electrically powered passenger vehicle or an electrically powered commercial vehicle.

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