DE102020124497A1 - System for energy generation and energy management - Google Patents

Abstract

A system (1) for energy generation and energy management comprises the following structural units: one or more wind turbines (2) and / or one or more solar panels (3) for generating energy, - a transformer station (6) for conducting energy into a power grid (7) and / or to one or more electrolysers (8), - one or more electrolysers (8) for generating hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) from water (H2O), - a fresh water supply (9), which with the one or more electrolysers (8) is in flow connection, - a storage container (10) for compressing and storing the generated oxygen, - a storage container (11) for compressing and storing the generated hydrogen, - a filling station (13) for dispensing the generated Hydrogen to vehicles or to a natural gas network, - one or more fuel cells (14), which in connection with the storage container (10) for compression and storage of the generated oxygen and the storage container (11) for compression and un d storage of the generated hydrogen and can pass the generated energy on to the substation (6) and- several 20 ', 40', 45 'HC, 45' PW or 53 'HC containers essentially of cuboid shape each with an interior space, whereby the Substation (6) that distributes one or more electrolysers (8), the fresh water supply (9), the storage containers (10, 11), the filling station (13) and the one or more fuel cells (14) to the interiors of the several containers are arranged in these.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a system for energy generation and energy management with a plurality of structural units.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The effects of climate change can be felt more and more around the world. The use of renewable energies is one way of _{reducing carbon dioxide emissions (CO 2} emissions) and thus counteracting the main cause of climate change.

Renewable energies, such as wind power and photovoltaics, are used today to generate energy by means of wind turbines or solar panels. The energy obtained can be fed into power grids or used to generate other products, such as hydrogen.

Such a system is for example in the DE 20 2010 001 737 U1 and is used to generate hydrogen for refueling hydrogen-powered vehicles. The energy required by the autonomous system comes from a wind turbine and other regenerative components. The other products resulting from the operation of this plant, such as oxygen and heat, are intended for economic use.

Typically, such systems are designed with a view to the amount of energy to be delivered and configured accordingly. Once a system has been set up, it can only be changed, moved or supplemented at a later date with great effort.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a system for generating energy that enables flexible use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object is achieved by a system comprising the features according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are described in the subclaims.

According to the present invention, the system comprises one or more wind turbines and / or one or more solar panels for generating energy and a substation for conducting energy into a power grid and / or to one or more electrolysers. The system further comprises one or more electrolysers for generating hydrogen (H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ) from water (H ₂ O), a fresh water supply that is in flow connection with the one or more electrolysers, a storage container for compression and storage of the generated oxygen and a storage container for compression and storage of the generated hydrogen. A filling station for delivering the generated hydrogen to vehicles or to a natural gas network is also planned. The system further comprises one or more fuel cells which are connected to the storage container for compressing and storing the generated oxygen and the storage container for compressing and storing the generated hydrogen and which can pass the generated energy on to the substation. Also part of the system according to the invention are several 20 ', 40', 45 'HC, 45' PW or 53 'HC containers, essentially of cuboid shape, each with an interior space. The substation, the one or more electrolysers, the fresh water supply, the storage container, the filling station and the one or more fuel cells are distributed over the interiors of the several containers.

The system according to the invention makes a significant contribution to the reduction of CO ₂ emissions by making energy obtained from renewable energies available in various forms. The energy generated by wind power and / or photovoltaics can be fed directly into a power grid via the substation. Alternatively or additionally, the energy obtained can be used to generate hydrogen, which is fed into existing natural gas networks, for example, and / or otherwise given off in liquid or gaseous form, for example to vehicles. Feeding the hydrogen produced into existing natural gas networks enables, for example, a harmonious transition from the fossil fuel natural gas to sustainable hydrogen. Furthermore, fuel cells are available that can, for example, convert existing hydrogen into electricity, which can then be fed into a power grid via the substation. The system according to the invention represents the complete and efficient combination of sustainable power generation with the generation of environmentally friendly hydrogen (H ₂ ). In addition, oxygen (O ₂ ), which is produced during the production of hydrogen (H ₂ ), can be used for medical purposes .

The use of in particular standardized 20 ', 40', 45 'HC, 45' PW or 53 'HC containers enables a modular structure of the system. The individual containers can be easily transported to remote locations by ship, truck or airplane / helicopter. The individual containers can be used when building the system next to each other or on top of each other. Individual containers can easily be exchanged if the structural units arranged therein are damaged. The containers protect the structural units arranged therein from environmental influences. The system according to the invention is therefore also suitable for use in regions with harsh climatic conditions, for example in the desert, the mountains or in cold climatic regions.

The structural units of the system can each be arranged individually or together with other structural units of the system in a container. This optionally results in a number of around 10 containers per system.

According to one embodiment of the invention, each interior space of the container is defined by a bottom wall, four side walls and a top wall, wherein the one or more solar panels are arranged in or on one of the side walls and / or the top wall and can be directed in such a way that solar radiation hits the one or hits several solar panels. This enables the containers to be set up flexibly. Since the solar panels are not set up separately but with the container, the time required to set up the system is reduced. It is also conceivable to provide an automatic alignment device which automatically aligns the solar panels according to the current position of the sun and thus enables the solar panels to be operated as efficiently as possible.

According to a further embodiment, the wind power plants and / or one or more solar panels are arranged outside the container and are electrically connected to the substation. This enables the number of wind turbines to be individually adapted to the amount of energy required by the system used.

The wind power plants and / or one or more solar panels are preferably constructed in a modular manner and designed to be mobile. This enables easy transport and construction of the wind power plants and / or the solar panels. In addition, damaged wind turbines and / or solar panels or parts thereof can be easily replaced and repaired as a result. This reduces the downtime of the system according to the invention in the case of damaged wind turbines and / or solar panels, for example.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the filling station is designed to deliver hydrogen in fluid, in particular liquid, form. The hydrogen can, for example, be filled into pressure vessels and stored there or stored in metal hydride tanks. In addition, it is also possible to forward the hydrogen from the filling station to a filling station where, for example, vehicles can fill up with hydrogen.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the system additionally comprises heat exchangers in order to pass the heat generated during electrolysis on to industry or households with a medium. As a result, heat that is also generated during the production of hydrogen, for example as district heating, can be used to supply industry and / or households with heat.

The above object is also achieved by an arrangement comprising the features of claim 7.

According to the invention, the arrangement comprises several of the systems described above. As a result, the energy provided by the arrangement can be adapted to the individual needs of the consumer. Once an arrangement has been put into operation, one or more additional systems can be subsequently adapted to an increased energy requirement of the customer (s). If the arrangement was originally planned and built for an energy requirement that is subsequently reduced, individual systems that are no longer required can be dismantled quickly and easily.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the systems are connected to one another in such a way that they are operated in parallel. Each system preferably has separate wind turbines and / or solar panels. The energy generated by the respective systems in the form of electricity and / or hydrogen is bundled in this case, for example, fed into networks or stored in storage tanks. However, it is also conceivable that the individual systems of the arrangement share one or more wind power plants and that the energy obtained by means of the one or more wind power plants is distributed to the individual systems. The energy then generated by the respective systems in the form of electricity or hydrogen is then also bundled, for example, fed into networks or stored in storage tanks.

The arrangement preferably has two, preferably four, more preferably six, more preferably seven, particularly preferably 10 systems. A system can preferably provide an output of approx. 10,000 MWh / a. By using several systems, the total output of the arrangement can be increased to approx. 70,000 MWh / a with seven systems used or to approx. 100,000 MWh / a when using 10 systems.

Figure list

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Baueinheiten eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems und
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus eines Systems an dessen Einsatzort zeigt.

The invention is described below with reference to an exemplary embodiment, which is shown in the figures, in which:

• 1 a schematic representation of the structural units of a system according to the invention and
• 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a system at its place of use.

1 shows the basic structure of a system according to the invention 1 for energy generation and energy management in a schematic representation. The system 1 includes at least one wind turbine 2 and / or at least one solar panel 3rd that means wind 4th and / or sun 5 Generate energy.

The system 1 further comprises a substation 6th for conducting energy into a power grid 7th and / or to one or more electrolysers 8th to generate hydrogen (H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ) from water (H ₂ O).

A fresh water supply 9 of the system 1 stands with the electrolyzer 8th in flow connection. The electrolyzer 8th is next to a first reservoir 10 for compression and storage of the generated oxygen (O ₂ ) and a second storage container 11 connected for compression and storage of the generated hydrogen (H ₂ ).

The system 1 additionally comprises heat exchangers (not shown) to transfer the heat generated during electrolysis with a medium, for example heating water, to industry or households via a heat conduction 12th forward.

The system 1 further comprises a filling station 13th for delivering the generated hydrogen to vehicles or to a natural gas network (not shown) and one or more fuel cells 14th that is in connection with the first storage container 10 and the second storage container 11 stand and the generated electrical energy to the substation 6th can pass on. The filling station 13th can be designed to deliver hydrogen in fluid, in particular liquid, form.

The wind turbine 2 , the solar panel 3rd , the substation 6th , the one or more electrolysers 8th , the fresh water supply 9 , the first storage container 10 , the second storage container 11 , the filling station 13th and the one or more fuel cells 14th each form structural units of the system 1 .

The system 1 further comprises several 20 ', 40', 45 'HC, 45' PW or 53 'HC containers 4th , essentially of cuboid shape, each with an interior space (not shown). Each interior space of the container is defined by a bottom wall, four side walls and a top wall.

The substation 6th , the one or more electrolysers 8th , the fresh water supply 9 , the first storage container 10 and the second reservoir 11 , the filling station 13th and the one or more fuel cells 14th are distributed over the interiors of the multiple containers and arranged in them. The mentioned structural units of the system 1 can be used individually or together with other components of the system 1 be arranged in a container. The containers can have connections on their bottom, side and / or ceiling walls which enable the container and the structural units located therein to be connected. Such connections can be, for example, plugs for transmitting the generated electrical energy or gas and / or fluid connections for transmitting a gas or fluid flow.

One or more solar panels 3rd can be arranged in or on one of the side walls and / or the top wall of a container and can be aligned in such a way that solar radiation hits the one or more solar panels 3rd meets.

• Mittels der Windkraftanlage 2 und dem Solarpanel 3 wird elektrischer Strom erzeugt und über das Umspannwerk 6 zum örtlichen Stromnetz 7 sowie optional zu einem oder mehreren Elektrolyseuren 8 geleitet. Ein Großteil des erzeugten Stroms wird in das örtliche Stromnetz 7 als Hauptabnehmer eingespeist. Überschussstrom wird bevorzugt an den oder die Elektrolyseure 8 weitergeleitet.

In the following we will explain how the system works with reference to 1 explained:

• By means of the wind turbine 2 and the solar panel 3rd Electric power is generated and via the substation 6th to the local power grid 7th and optionally to one or more electrolysers 8th directed. Much of the electricity generated is fed into the local electricity grid 7th fed in as the main consumer. Excess current is preferred to the electrolyzer (s) 8th forwarded.

The electrolyzer 8th splits that out of the fresh water supply 9 supplied fresh water (H ₂ O) into the components hydrogen (H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ), each of which occurs as a gas. The heat generated during electrolysis is transferred to industry or households by means of heat exchangers with a medium such as heating water. This heat exchange (cooling) is necessary before the two gases (hydrogen and oxygen) are compressed in order to reduce the compression energy.

The hydrogen is compressed and then filled into pressure vessels or metal hydride tanks and stored therein and / or fed into a nearby natural gas network.

The hydrogen filled into containers can be used in a corresponding fleet of vehicles in cars or trucks for propulsion and / or as redundancy for generating electricity in fuel cells 14th are fed in, with the generated electricity via the substation 6th into the power grid 7th is fed in. The oxygen is also compressed, possibly purified for medical purposes, and filled into pressure bottles.

2 shows the structure of a system 1 at its place of use in a schematic representation. The system was used for clarity 1 by a dashed line 15th marked that surrounds this.

The wind turbine 2 and the solar panels 3rd are outside of containers 16 of the system 1 arranged and connected to the substation 6th ( 1 ) electrically connected. The wind turbine 2 and / or the solar panels 3rd can optionally be modular and designed to be mobile. They can also preferably be transported in containers.

Most of the building blocks of the system 1 such as the electrolysers 8th ( 1 ) for the production of hydrogen (H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ) from water (H ₂ O), are in the opposite containers 16 arranged in 2 to the right of the solar panels 3rd are positioned.

In another container 16 is the filling station 13th intended. The filling station 13th can with a gas station 17th connected to the vehicles with the generated hydrogen (H ₂ ) can be filled. The generated hydrogen (H ₂ ) can also be stored in suitable containers 18th , for example in hydrogen bottles, at a storage location provided for this purpose 19th be stored. The petrol station is preferred 17th as well as the depository 19th for better accessibility directly on a street 20th .

The system is controlled by one or more control stations 21 monitored and controlled directly at the place where the system is used 1 or are arranged remotely therefrom. The control stations 21 are with the system 1 either directly or by means of a suitable communication device, for example via the Internet.

The system 1 can have a parking space 22nd for example for vehicles belonging to employees or visitors.

Optionally, in addition to the system 1 further systems (not shown) can be arranged at the place of use. The multiple systems then together form an arrangement according to the invention. All systems are preferably connected to one another in such a way that they are operated in parallel. The systems can be operated in parallel, for example, in that the electrical energy generated by the substations of the individual systems is fed into the local power grid 7th ( 1 ) is bundled. The hydrogen generated by the multiple systems can also be merged before being released into the natural gas network. Optionally, the energy required by the systems can be generated centrally in a wind park, comprising several wind turbines, and / or a solar park, comprising several solar panels, and then distributed to the several systems. However, it is also possible that the individual systems each have one or more wind power plants and / or solar panels.

The arrangement according to the invention preferably has two, four, six, seven or 10 systems for energy generation and energy management. Each system produces an output of approx. 10,000 MWh / a. By using several systems, the total output of the arrangement can be increased to 70,000 MWh / a with, for example, seven systems used, or to 100,000 MWh / a when using 10 systems.

List of reference symbols

1

system

2

Wind turbine

3

Solar panels

4th

wind

5

Sun

6th

Substation

7th

power grid

8th

Electrolyzer

9

Fresh water supply (water)

10

First storage tank (oxygen)

11

Second storage tank (hydrogen)

12th

Conduction

13th

Filling station

14th

Fuel cells

15th

Dashed line

16

Container

17th

Gas station

18th

Container (for hydrogen)

19th

Storage point (for hydrogen)

20th

Street

21st

Control station

22nd

parking spot

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 202010001737 U1 [0004]

Claims (9)

System for energy generation and energy management, comprising the following structural units: - one or more wind turbines (2) and / or one or more solar panels (3) for generating energy, - a substation (6) for conducting energy into a power grid (7) and / or to one or more electrolysers (8), - one or more electrolysers (8) for generating hydrogen (H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ) from water (H ₂ O), - a fresh water supply (9), which with to which one or more electrolysers (8) is in flow connection, - a storage container (10) for compressing and storing the generated oxygen, - a storage container (11) for storing the generated hydrogen, - a filling station (13) for dispensing the generated hydrogen Vehicles or to a natural gas network, - one or more fuel cells (14), which in connection with the storage container (10) for compression and storage of the generated oxygen and the storage container (11) for compression and storage ng of the generated hydrogen and can pass the generated energy on to the substation (6) and - several 20 ', 40', 45 'HC, 45' PW or 53 'HC containers (16), essentially of cuboid shape, each with an interior, the substation (6), the one or more electrolysers (8), the fresh water supply (9), the storage containers (10, 11), the filling station (13) and the one or more fuel cells (14) on the interiors of the several Containers (16) are arranged distributed in these. System according to Claim 1 , characterized in that each interior of the container (16) is defined by a bottom wall, four side walls and a top wall and that the one or more solar panels (3) are arranged in or on one of the side walls and / or the top wall and can be aligned in this way are that solar radiation hits the one or more solar panels. System according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the wind power plants (2) and / or one or more solar panels (3) are arranged outside the container (16) and are electrically connected to the substation (6). System according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the wind power plants (2) and / or one or more solar panels (3) are modular and designed to be mobile. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling station (13) is designed to deliver hydrogen in fluid form. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system (1) additionally comprises heat exchangers in order to pass the heat generated during the electrolysis with a medium to industry or households. Arrangement comprising several systems (1) according to one of the Claims 1 - 6th . Arrangement according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the systems (1) are connected to one another in such a way that they are operated in parallel. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 6 or 7th , characterized in that the arrangement has two, preferably four, more preferably six, more preferably seven, particularly preferably 10 systems (1).

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