DE102012011567A1 - Heating- and cooling system has generator or consumer for heating or cooling temperature transfer medium, where generator or consumer is connected to temperature line system with three lines formed for guiding temperature transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

The heating- and cooling system (2) has a generator (32) or a consumer for heating or cooling a temperature transfer medium to a temperature value. The generator or the consumer is connected to a temperature line system with three lines (4,6,8), which are formed for guiding the temperature transfer medium with different temperatures. The generator or the consumer is connected to the two lines by a mixer (18,20) such that the reference temperature of the temperature transfer medium for the generator or the consumer is adjustable. An independent claim is included for a method for operating a heating- and cooling system.

Description

The invention relates to a heating and / or cooling system, with at least one heat generator or heat consumer for heating or cooling a heat medium.

Heating and / or cooling systems of the type mentioned are known in the art. So revealed the CH 696 154 A5 a heating system or cooling system with at least one heat or cold source, which may be designed in particular as a condensing boiler or condensate boiler. In this case, a heat source can be selectively connected by means of a switching valve with two chambers.

From the DE 10 2004 054 005 A1 Furthermore, a hydraulic temperature difference distributor is known, which is designed to generate a fluid volume flow in a heating device. With the help of the temperature difference distributor, a volume flow can be controlled such that a solar circuit is maintained in order to flow through all the collector elements uniformly. Only when a usable energy gap is present, a discharge takes place in a storage level. For this purpose, however, a circulating pump is always in operation required.

In the prior art, there is the problem that systems that z. B. operated on a buffer / hot water tank, can only be operated with the existing temperatures as the reference temperature. Some systems (eg solar systems) are therefore equipped in the reference line with a 3-way valve to have at least access to two different reference temperatures. In addition, however, these systems must operate at the two given reference temperatures. As the maximum possible target temperature out of generators, only the temperature change through the system (eg increase by 7 degrees in the case of a solar thermal system) existing at operating time can be added to one of the selected and existing reference temperatures. This results in the available target temperature.

It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a system of the type mentioned in such a way that such a system can be operated efficiently with producers or consumers who may temporarily produce or consume only a small amount of heat / cold.

The object is achieved by a heating and / or cooling system according to claim 1 and by a method for operating a heating or cooling system according to the independent claim 8. Further possible embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

For ease of reading, the term "producer" is used below for refrigerators and heat generators. Similarly, the term "consumer" is used for cold consumers and heat consumers. Furthermore, heating and / or cooling systems are uniformly referred to by the term "systems".

In the context of the invention, the terms "reference side" and "target side", "reference line" and "target line" or "reference side" and "target side" are used in the sense of temperature carrier media flow. The temperature-carrying medium always flows through the consumer or generator from the reference side arranged upstream of it to the destination side arranged downstream of it. For a producer, the reference side is the return and the destination side is the forward. For a consumer, the reference side is the feed and the destination side is the return.

The term "substantially" is referred to within the scope of the invention with the usual permissible tolerances of a corresponding system.

A system according to the invention has at least one generator or consumer for heating or cooling a temperature-carrying medium. Corresponding producers may in particular be solar thermal or geothermal producers, which heat a heat transfer medium by solar or geothermal energy. A corresponding consumer may be, for example, a heating circuit, in particular a floor heating system, in which work is carried out with low temperature differences. Producers and consumers have a certain, possibly fluctuating power supply or power extraction, which lead to heating or cooling of the heat transfer medium by a determined depending on performance and flow rate temperature amount.

It is equally possible to describe the invention in terms of other physical quantities, for example, amount of heat or power.

In the case of the producers or consumers presented here, there are often temperature changes in the range of a few degrees depending on the performance. A suitable heat transfer medium for the corresponding system may be, for example, water. However, other carrier media may be used.

Producer or consumer are connected to a temperature line system with at least two lines, which are designed for guiding temperature-carrying medium. The least two lines are designed to carry temperature carrier medium with different temperatures with a certain temperature difference, ie a line for temperature carrier medium of a higher temperature than in the other line.

In the context of the invention, it is furthermore provided that the producer or consumer is connected to the target side of at least one of the lines, so that the temperature-carrying medium, which leaves the producer or consumer on the target side, can be fed into one of the lines and returned to the circuit of the temperature line system.

Furthermore, the producer or consumer is connected by means of a mixer on at least two lines of the thermal conductivity system, so that the reference temperature of the temperature carrier medium to the producer or consumer is adjustable so that the target temperature from the producer or consumer to the thermal conductivity system substantially the temperature of the temperature-carrying medium of the target connected line or a higher required temperature corresponds.

In this way, in a generator, for example, the reference temperature upstream of the mixer can be set so that the sum of the reference temperature and the temperature increase by the currently available power added by the generator is substantially the temperature (target temperature) of the temperature-carrying medium of the target connected line corresponds.

In the context of the invention, it is possible to allow for temperature supply or temperature withdrawals that are less than the difference between the two different temperatures of the heat transfer medium in the at least two lines continuous operation of producers or consumers in which the difference between the amount of Heat added or removed by heat generators or heat consumers is compensated to the target line temperature by the respective other heat medium circuit.

For example, if a medium temperature of 40 degrees prevails in the first line and a medium temperature of 50 degrees in the second line, a corresponding solar thermal system can produce a temperature increase of 7 degrees, then the medium from the 40-degree line and from heats the 50-degree pipe to an upstream reference temperature of 43 degrees, so that the solar thermal system can heat the carrier medium from 43 degrees to 50 degrees, and so that the heated carrier medium continues to flow into the warmer temperature zone / line. In this way, the producers or consumers can be operated continuously, so that the respective power can always be added or removed by the producer or consumer and can be operated at a desired / required target temperature.

On the one hand, the producers can be supplied with specific reference temperatures in order to obtain a desired target temperature. On the other hand, the desired target temperatures can be fed into the appropriate and suitable temperature zone.

For consumers, the required reference temperature can be mixed directly from the temperatures available in the system without direct connection to the own return temperature. The deliveries are then fed into the appropriate and suitable temperature zone.

Thus, the supplied temperature (reference) is always mixed due to a target specification with a multi-way mixer and the dissipated temperature (delivery) selectively fed with a multi-way mixer in a suitable temperature line / zone.

The plant may also include a plurality of corresponding producers or consumers who may be connected in the appropriate manner. For example, a corresponding system can be coupled with solar thermal and geothermal heat generators and with underfloor heating or cooling.

According to one possible embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the generator and / or consumer is connected by means of a reference line and a destination line, wherein there is no direct connection between the reference line and the destination line. A possibly necessary connection between supply and delivery can be made indirectly via the temperature distributor by moving the mixers on the reference side and the delivery side to the same temperature zone.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that at least one controllable valve per connected line is present on the reference side to mix the desired temperatures. In this way, the volume flows of the at least two lines can be adjusted such that a desired temperature is present downstream of the mixer.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention, the multi-way mixer can mix the carrier medium from at least two or more inlets and forward it via a sequence.

According to a further possible embodiment of the invention, a temperature gauge may be provided in the target line, which is connected to a control or regulating device which adjusts the mixer according to the target temperature. In this way, a corresponding system can be adjusted or readjusted permanently in accordance with the temperature supply or temperature removal.

According to a further possible embodiment of the invention, the at least two lines can be connected to at least two different temperature zones in the system, so that each one line is in flow communication with a respective temperature zone.

The lines can be connected according to a further embodiment with a buffer memory. In this way, energy supplied via a generator can be stored in the buffer memory and energy consumed by a consumer can be withdrawn from the buffer memory.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that the producer is a solar thermal system or other generator with irregular power output or a generator with a not to be exceeded temperature difference between the reference line and the target line.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention, the producer or consumer can be connected via a matrix distributor. With the help of such a matrix distributor, as for example in the German utility model DE 20 2010 006 209 U1 is described, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated with reference to the matrix distributor fully by reference, a simple central interconnection of the corresponding components of the system can be achieved.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that the producer or consumer is connected to the target side via a mixer to the at least two lines. In this way, the system can be operated more flexibly, especially if more than two circuits are provided with different temperatures, for example, if the temperature difference generated is greater than the temperature difference between two lines of adjacent temperatures. Thus, for example, in a thermal cycle with three different temperature zones, the target of a solar thermal system can be coupled to one of the connected lines.

A first independent subject matter of the invention relates to a method for operating a system, in particular according to the idea of the invention described above. The system has at least one producer or consumer with at least two temperature-carrying medium-carrying lines which are flow-connected to the producer or consumer. In the lines are different media temperatures.

According to the method according to the invention, temperature medium from the at least two lines is mixed with one another such that the sum of the reference temperature to the producer or consumer and the generated temperature difference of the producer or consumer essentially corresponds to the temperature of the temperature medium of one of the at least two lines or a required higher temperature.

With the aid of the method according to the invention, the advantages described above are achieved, namely a continuous operation even at low temperature withdrawals or feeds and operation in the optimum efficiency.

According to a further possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the generator or consumer is connected to at least three lines with different media temperatures, wherein the reference temperature is mixed so that a target target temperature is reached. Thus, depending on various circumstances, it may possibly be desired for a buffer to primarily serve or use a particular temperature zone, for example for different demands. For example, if a heating circuit is to be operated during the day, it may be useful to supply a medium temperature zone of a buffer storage tank with a specific temperature. In the morning and evening hours, it may be useful to supply a hot water circuit in which usually higher temperatures than in the heating circuit are needed.

According to another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the reference temperature is mixed from the two lines whose temperature is closest to the target target temperature.

According to another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention can be provided that the producer or Consumer is connected to at least three lines with different media temperatures, characterized in that the media reference temperature is mixed from the two lines, the temperature of the target target temperature is closest. This is energy efficient because it consumes significantly less exergy than when removing the highest temperature and a mixed colder temperature to the desired setpoint temperature.

According to a further possible embodiment of the method according to the invention can be provided that no immediate access to the own reference / delivery side connected line takes place during admixing.

According to another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, provision can be made for the generator to be a solar thermal system or another generator with a fluctuating power output or a generator with a temperature difference between reference line and destination line which can not be exceeded.

The invention will be explained with reference to some embodiments. Here are shown schematically:

1 an inventive system with a circuit and three different temperatures;

2 a system according to the invention with a circuit with three different temperatures with the reference and the delivery without continuous lines;

3a the behavior of a plant operated without the invention described;

3b the behavior of a plant operated with the described invention;

4 a system according to the invention with a circuit and four temperatures, wherein in each case only three temperatures are connected to the reference line and three temperatures to the supply line, each with a 4-way mixer;

5 an inventive system with a circuit with four different temperatures in an alternative embodiment, each with a 5-way mixer;

6a , b two embodiments of heating and / or cooling systems with two lines with direct connection between the reference line and the target line by means of located outside the distributor 3-way mixer

7 a system according to the invention with a circuit and a relation to the embodiment of 1 alternative mixer version consisting of several standard 3-way mixers as well

8th a schematic representation of a system according to the invention with multiple consumers or producers.

Identical or equivalent parts are given the same reference numerals in the following for the sake of easier readability. The dargstellten embodiments are still independent.

1 shows a section of a system according to the invention 2 ,

The attachment 2 has three lines 4 . 6 . 8th on, in which temperature carrying medium of different, but certain temperatures is performed, for example, at 20, 40 and 60 ° C.

A producer 32 is by means of a reference line 14 and by means of a destination line 16 with the wires 4 . 6 . 8th by means of a cover-side mixer 18 and a target mixer 20 connected. In the reference line 14 is also a pump 22 intended.

The mixers 18 . 20 are designed as Vierwegemischer, of which at the mixer 18 three paths are connected as feeds and one way as a sequence. At the mixer 20 are one way as feed and three ways connected as a drain. The mixer 18 is able to connect at least two inlets to at least one drain. The mixer 20 is set meaningful way to an existing in the inlet temperature suitable sequence. Furthermore, at least the reference side mixer 18 adapted to connect at least two inlets to the drain, wherein the reference flows are variable, so that a certain temperature upstream on the reference side 14 is adjustable. This can be achieved by a mixer with appropriately designed chicks.

Furthermore, a temperature sensor 24 provided in the target line 16 is arranged. The temperature sensor 24 is with a control device 26 connected, which is used to adjust the mixer 18 . 20 is trained. With the help of the temperature sensor 24 the temperature in the target line becomes 16 downstream of the heat generator 32 measured. The measured temperature becomes the control device 26 provided, depending on which and possibly other requirements, the mixer 18 . 20 established.

So will the reference side mixer 18 adjusted so that the temperature of temperature-carrying medium one of the lines 4 . 6 . 8th in the target line 16 prevails. Depending on the power of the producer 32 the temperature current is out of the lines 4 . 6 . 8th regulated accordingly.

If the producer 32 For example, a temperature increase of the medium can reach 7 degrees, the temperature difference between the lines 4 . 6 . 8th but each is 20 degrees, the reference temperature becomes 13 degrees above a base temperature of one of the lines 4 . 6 set so that the total turn one of the temperatures in the pipes 4 . 6 . 8th equivalent.

Furthermore, a selection of the temperature level can be achieved depending on the best efficiency or depending on the requirement. Is for example a feed into the line 8th desired with the highest temperature, for example, because just a lot of hot water is needed, the temperature can be in the reference side 14 adjust so that in the target line 16 the temperature in the pipe 8th is reached.

If the power provided by the producer 32 can be generated increases, for example, in higher sun or clearer weather or higher outside temperature, the reference temperature in the reference side 14 adjusted accordingly, so that again the desired target temperature in the target 16 is reached.

2 shows a first alternative embodiment of a system according to the invention 2 , Here are the wires 4 . 6 . 8th not consistently designed to show that no direct connection between the reference line and the destination line must exist. According to 2 For example, the reference and delivery could be to / from two separate buffers.

3a shows the behavior of the temperature increase in the flow of a solar thermal system with permanently connected and immiscible reflux. The generated flow temperature is supplied to a low temperature level.

3b shows the behavior of the temperature increase in the flow of a solar thermal system with arranged in the return multi-way mixer. The flow temperature generated is selectively supplied to a high temperature level with a mixer arranged in the flow.

According to 4 is another alternative facility 2 shown at the four wires 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 are provided.

In the pipes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 In each case, a temperature-carrying medium is conducted with increasing temperature. The reference line 14 is with the cables 4 . 6 . 8th with lower temperature level, the target line 16 with the wires 6 . 8th . 10 associated with higher temperature level.

According to 5 is an alternative embodiment of the embodiment 3 provided, on the one hand, other mixers 18 . 20 be used, which have a total of five ways, and where the mixers 18 . 20 with all four wires 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 are connected.

The 6a . 6b show two different variants of plants 2 , which are operated by the method according to the invention. The heating and / or cooling systems 2 are regulated accordingly to compensate for any existing temperature differences. These arrangements are basically known in the art.

There, 3-way mixers are provided with direct connection between supply and return.

The arrangements are operated by the method according to the invention, so that the flow temperatures from the existing temperatures in the lines 4 . 10 can be mixed according to the method of the invention.

7 shows a further alternative embodiment of a system according to the invention 2 in the mixer 28 . 30 with the help of at least two three-way mixers 28.1 . 28.2 . 30.1 . 30.2 be realized. The mixers 30.1 . 30.2 are in the reference line 14 provided and can be set independently of each other so that at the output of z. B. producer in line 16 the desired target temperature is applied.

8th shows a plant 2 with producers, 32 . 42 as well as two consumers 12.1 and 12.2 , In total there are four different temperature zones ( 10 . 8th . 6 . 4 ) provided by producers 32 . 42 as well as the consumers 12.1 . 12.2 are connected.

The wires 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 lead into a buffer memory 34 in which the temperature-carrying medium is stored with an existing temperature gradient. The wires 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 In each case, temperatures reach from different zones of the buffer tank 34 from.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

investment

4, 6, 8, 10

management

12

heat consumer

14

reference line

16

target line

18

mixer

20

mixer

22

pump

24

temperature sensor

26

control device

28

mixer

28.1, 28.1

Three-way mixer

30

mixer

30.1, 30.2

Three-way mixer

32, 42

heat generator

34

buffer memory

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• CH 696154 A5 [0002]
• DE 102004054005 A1 [0003]
• DE 202010006209 U1 [0030]

Claims (12)

Plant with at least one producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) for heating or cooling a temperature-carrying medium by a temperature amount, wherein: - the generator ( 32 ) or the consumer ( 12 ) to a temperature line system with at least three lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) connected to guide temperature-carrying medium; - the at least three lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) are designed to conduct temperature carrier medium with different temperatures from each other; - the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) on one side of at least one of the lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and - the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) on the side by means of a mixer ( 18 . 20 . 28 . 30 ) on the at least two lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) is connected such that the reference temperature of the temperature-carrying medium to the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) is adjustable so that the target temperature from the generator ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) to the temperature line system essentially the temperature of the temperature-carrying medium of the line ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) or a higher required temperature. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the producer ( 32 ) and / or heat consumers ( 12 ) by means of a reference line ( 14 ) and a destination line ( 16 ), between reference line ( 14 ) and destination line ( 16 ) there is no direct flow connection. Plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixer ( 18 . 20 . 28 . 30 ) at least one multi-way mixer ( 18 . 20 . 28 . 30 ), which can mix at least two inlets with each other and make available through a process. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a temperature sensor ( 24 ) in the target line ( 16 ) provided with a control or regulating device ( 26 ), which connects the mixer ( 18 . 20 . 28 . 30 ) according to a target temperature. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) are connected to at least two different temperature zones, so that one line ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) is in flow communication with one temperature zone each. Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the producer has a solar thermal plant ( 42 ) or another producer with an irregular power output or a generator with a temperature difference (eg gas fuel value meter) between the reference line ( 14 ) and destination line ( 16 ). Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) on the reference side and on the target side via a mixer ( 18 . 20 . 28 . 30 ) on at least two of the lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) connected. Method for operating a system, in particular a system ( 2 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) with at least two temperature-carrying medium-carrying lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ), in which different media temperatures are present, wherein the temperature-carrying medium from the two lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) so on a reference page ( 14 ) and / or on a landing page ( 16 ) is mixed, that a difference from the temperature difference of the temperature-carrying media of at least two lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and generated temperature change by the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) to the temperature of the temperature-carrying medium of the flow-connected line ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) or a higher required temperature is substantially balanced. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the admixture takes place such that a predetermined target target temperature is achieved. Method according to claim 9, wherein the producer ( 32 ) or consumers ( 12 ) on at least three lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) is connected to different media temperatures, characterized in that the media reference temperature from the two lines ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) whose temperature is closest to the target target temperature. Method according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that when admixing no direct access to its own connection side connected line ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the producer a solar thermal plant ( 42 ) or another producer with a fluctuating power output or a generator with a temperature difference between the reference line ( 14 ) and destination line ( 16 ).

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