DE102011113468A9 - Battery and use of a contact device - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery (1) having a plurality of memory cells (10), each of the memory cells (10) having at least one electrical arrester (11), and a contact device (20) for electrically contacting the memory cells (10) with each other. The contact device (20) is multi-part and designed so that by a relative movement of at least two components (20a, 20b, 20b) of the contact device (20) to each other a non-positive clamping connection of the arrester (11) with the contact device (20) can be opened and / or closed is.

Description

The invention relates to a battery having a plurality of memory cells and a use of a contact device for electrically contacting a plurality of memory cells.

In particular, the invention relates to the structure and the connection technology in multi-storage cell batteries.

It is known to build batteries as an electric energy storage device from a plurality of electric energy storage cells. The individual memory cells of the battery have at least one arrester as an electrical connection. Normally, each memory cell has both an anode and a cathode as electrical arresters.

Depending on the desired battery power, up to 100 memory cells are electrically interconnected to form a battery. The assembly of the individual memory cells is carried out by screwing the individual arresters to a battery case. In a battery with 100 memory cells, up to 600 screws are used to fix the arresters, which makes the assembly very expensive.

Furthermore, the glands can lead to creep of the plastic, in which they are embedded. Bolts may become loose or need to be bonded individually to ensure a temperature-resistant attachment. An attachment by rivets or welded joints contributes only selectively and is arithmetically difficult to interpret. In addition, welding at the arrester of a memory cell can lead to damage or even destruction of the memory cell.

The invention is based on the problem of providing a battery which is easy to assemble and provides a temperature-resistant attachment of the individual memory cells.

This problem is solved by a battery having the features of claim 1.

Such a battery as an electric energy storage device has a plurality of memory cells, wherein each of the memory cells has at least one electrical arrester. In particular, each memory cell has both a positive and a negative potential diverter, a cathode and an anode.

A contact device of the battery serves as electrical contacting of the memory cells with each other and z. B. be formed as part of a battery case or as a printed circuit board.

The contact device is multi-part and designed so that by a relative movement of at least two components of the contact device to each other a non-positive clamping connection of the arrester with the contact device can be opened and / or closed.

The battery can z. B. as a car battery, a lithium-ion battery and / or an accumulator may be formed. The battery is designed as a storage for electrical energy and can both absorb and deliver electrical energy. The individual memory cells can be designed as flat memory cells and serve to store electrical energy.

The frictional clamping connection allows a screw-free installation of the arrester and simplifies the installation of the memory cells considerably. In addition, a possible flow of a plastic part of the contact device is avoided at Einschraubstellen.

In this case, the contact device can be formed both for electrical contacting of the individual memory cells with each other, as well as for attaching the memory cells themselves.

The invention provides a high-current and high-voltage connection of memory cells with the contact device, in which a fixation and contacting of the memory cells is achieved in only one step.

In one embodiment, one of the at least two relatively movable components of the contact device is designed as a circuit board. In this case, the board has electrical connections for the non-positively connected to the contact device arrester. The electrical connections can be vapor-deposited on the board. Depending on a desired or predetermined battery strength (voltage and / or current), the individual arresters can be electrically connected to one another by means of the electrical connections on the circuit board in such a way that the predetermined battery power results.

In one embodiment, at least one component of the contact device can have recesses for receiving the arresters of a plurality of memory cells. The recesses may be formed so that they each receive a trap, or be designed so that they can accommodate several arresters of the same and / or different memory cell. In particular, the at least one component has sufficient recesses for receiving all arresters of all the memory cells. Preferably, a plurality of components of the contact device on recesses for the arrester, so that each Arrester can be inserted into a recess of a plurality of components of the contact device.

In this embodiment, the relative movement of a first component of the contact device to a second component of the contact device can be made substantially perpendicular to an insertion direction of the arrester in the recesses. This achieves good decoupling of the relative movement for opening and / or closing the clamping connection from the insertion movement of the arresters into the recesses.

The contact device may be designed such that the clamping connection for several, in particular for all of the arresters can be opened and / or closed by the relative movement. Thus, by a single relative movement of two components of the contact device, an opening or closing of the clamping connection for several or all arresters simultaneously.

In one embodiment, the contact device comprises at least two substantially mutually parallel plates as relatively movable components, each plate has recesses for introducing the arrester substantially perpendicular to the propagation plane of the plates. One or more of the at least two plates may be formed as a circuit board. Two or more parallel plates can be particularly easily moved against each other to generate the relative movement. The plates can be designed to be displaceable relative to one another within their propagation plane.

In one embodiment, the contact device has at least three plates arranged substantially parallel to one another, wherein at least one of the at least three plates is designed to be movable relative to the other plates. Using three instead of two plates, the arresters are stably connectable to the plates of the contactor in the clamped connection. In the clamping connection, the arresters can be clamped in a direction of relative movement of at least one plate, in the opposite direction of at least two plates. This protects against bending or tilting of the arresters in the contact device.

In one embodiment, a spring mechanism for generating the clamping force of the clamping connection is provided. The clamp connection is opened against the spring force and closed with the spring force. When closed, the spring force of the spring mechanism holds the arrester positively in the contact device.

Preferably, the battery has an actuating mechanism for opening the clamp connection. In this case, the actuating mechanism may in particular be designed such that the clamping connection for all arresters of the battery is opened by actuation of the actuating mechanism. The actuating mechanism may also be designed so that the clamping connection is closed by a second operation. The actuating mechanism may, for. B. be designed as a lever which is coupled to the mutually movable components of the contact device.

In one embodiment, the plurality of memory cells are arranged parallel to one another and / or next to one another on the contact device. The arresters of the memory cells are clamped parallel to each other and / or side by side in the contact device. When using flat memory cells, a parallel arrangement is particularly space-saving. In addition, when using identical memory cells of this type, electrical contacting of the individual arresters is simplified and clear.

Preferably, the contact device of the battery exactly two or exactly three substantially parallel to each other arranged plates. When using two or three plates, a good attachment and electrical contact of the arrester is ensured, with a low complexity and a low weight of the contact device is achieved.

In one embodiment, the contact device has slot-shaped recesses for receiving the arresters, wherein the slot width of the recesses is adapted to the thickness of the arrester. This means that the arresters of the memory cells are well inserted into the slot-shaped recesses. The introduction of the arrester in the recess alone does not provide a non-positive clamping connection. The non-positive connection is effected by the relative movement of at least two components of the contact device against each other. The relative movement for clamping the arrester takes place over a small distance.

In this case, the recesses may be formed bevelled. A chamfer of the recesses can counteract bending of the arrester in the recesses. The chamfers can form an angle between 5 ° to 30 °, in particular between 10 ° and 15 ° to the insertion direction of the arrester. The chamfers may be formed angled against each other in different components of the contact device to increase the stability of the clamping connection.

The problem underlying the invention is further solved by using a contact device with the features of claim 15.

• – die Kontaktvorrichtung mehrteilig ausgebildet ist und
• – durch eine Relativbewegung zumindest zweier Bauteile der Kontaktvorrichtung zueinander eine kraftschlüssige Klemmverbindung von Ableitern mit der Kontaktvorrichtung geöffnet und/oder geschlossen wird.

Thereafter, a contact device for electrically contacting memory cells is used with at least one electrical arrester, wherein

• - The contact device is designed in several parts and
• - Opened by a relative movement of at least two components of the contact device to each other a frictional clamping connection of arresters with the contact device and / or closed.

In this case, the contact device may have a circuit board and electrical connections may be formed on the board so that in the contact device trapped arrester are electrically connected via the board. The electrical connection of the arrester is made so that a predetermined total volts and / or total current of a battery is achieved, having the memory cells.

The invention will be described in more detail by exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. Individual components of the embodiments illustrated in the figures can be transferred to other embodiments. Show it:

1A a schematic representation of a memory cell in a side view,

1B a schematic representation of in 1A shown memory cell in a front view,

2 1 is a schematic sectional view through a contact device with a plurality of memory cells electrically connected to the contact device,

3 an arrester of a memory cell inserted into a two-plate contact device in a schematic side view,

4 an arrester of a memory cell inserted in a three-plate contact device in a schematic side view and

5 a perspective view of a battery.

The 1A and 1B show in a schematic view a memory cell 10 , The memory cell 10 is designed as a flat memory cell and has the shape of a rectangle.

The 1B shows a frontal view of the memory cell 10 , On one of the two shorter sides of the memory cell 10 are two arresters 11 arranged. The two arresters 10 serve as positive and negative electrical connection of the memory cell 10 (Anode and cathode).

In the 1B is the memory cell 10 represented in the plane of their maximum extent (here the x, y plane). The arresters 11 are on a bottom of the memory cell 10 formed and extend from the memory cell 10 way down in negative y direction.

The memory cell 10 can z. B. have a dimension that corresponds substantially to the A5 paper size. Other possible sizes for memory cells are z. B. ½ and ¼ A5 format.

The 1A shows the memory cell 10 in a side view in the y, z plane. In this side view is the extent of the memory cell 10 minimal, because in this view the narrow side of the memory cell 10 is shown. The memory cell 10 itself can be constructed in many layers from approximately 20 μm thin individual layers, which are arranged one above the other parallel to one another and in the z-direction (not shown in the figures). The thin single layers of each memory cell are all electrically connected to the arrester 11 connected.

The two arresters 11 are in the side view of 1A arranged one behind the other so that only the flat side of one of the two arresters 11 in the 1A is shown. The arresters 11 have the shape of a flat rectangle and are electrically conductive formed of a metal. By electrical contact with the arresters 11 can the electric potential of the memory cell 10 be tapped.

The memory cell 10 can z. B. 5 mm to 4 cm, in particular 8 mm to 15 mm thick (expansion in the z-direction, the smallest extension direction perpendicular to the insertion, the negative y-direction). An embodiment of the memory cell 10 has a thickness of about 11 mm.

The memory cell 10 may have an electric potential of 1V to 10V, more preferably 2V to 5V. An embodiment of the memory cell 10 has an electrical potential of about 3.7V.

The 2 shows a schematic sectional view through a contact device 20 with several with the contact device 20 electrically connected memory cells 10 ,

The contact device 20 is multi-layered. In the 2 shown contact device 20 has two plates 20a and 20b as a first and second component. One or both plates 20a and 20b can be designed as (printed circuit) boards. The plates 20a and 20b are arranged parallel to each other and thereby form the two-layer contact device 20 ,

The plates 20a and 20b extend in the x, z plane and each have slotted recesses 21a and 21b on, extending along the propagation plane of the plates 20a . 20b extend (in 2 along the x-direction). The two plates 20a and 20b are arranged so that the recesses 21a the first plate 20a and the recesses 21b the second plate 20b cover are arranged one above the other so that openings in a plug-in direction (negative y-direction) are formed through the contact device. The width of the effective openings through the contact device 20 through corresponds with the insertion of the arrester 11 the width of both the recesses 21a as well as the recesses 21b ,

The arresters 11 the memory cells 10 are in the recesses 21a and 21b both plates 20a and 20b the contact device 20 introduced. The insertion direction is oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the two plates 20a and 20b are arranged parallel to each other.

The two plates 20a and 20b are movable relative to each other by being able to be shifted against each other. The relative movement takes place in the plane of extension of the plates 20a and 20b substantially perpendicular to the direction of the recesses 21a and 21b , Due to the relative movement of the plates 20a and 20b against each other are when plugging the arrester 11 congruent recesses 21a and 21b formed effective openings through the contact device 20 through so that a clamping connection between the arresters 11 and the contact device 20 is trained.

In the coordinate system used in the figures, that becomes the memory cells 10 facing plate 20a pushed in the negative z-direction, which is the memory cells 10 remote plate 20b in positive z-direction. In a built-in position, the two plates practice 20a and 20b a force F ₁ and F ₂ on the arrester 11 on, which is a non-positive clamping connection of the arrester 11 with the contact device 20 causes.

The relative movement of the two plates 20a and 20b can by a force F ₁ on the top plate 20a and an opposing force F ₂ on the lower plate 20b be effected. Alternatively, one of the two plates may be formed fixed and the second plate in a positive or negative z-direction displaced.

The contact device 20 can be used to guide the relative movement (in 2 not shown), which run in the z-direction and lateral slippage of the plates 20a and 20b prevent.

By applying electrical connections to at least one of the plates 20a or 20b can the inserted into the contact device arrester 11 electrically connected to each other so that a predetermined battery power of the system of memory cells 10 and the contact device 20 results.

The 3 shows one in one of two plates 20a and 20b existing contact device 20 introduced arrester a memory cell 10 in a schematic page presentation. 3 shows a section of the in 2 shown embodiment.

The first plate 20a points to the slot-shaped recess 21a bevels 22 on. The bevels 22 at the recess 21a are formed substantially parallel to each other. This is the recess 21a not perpendicular to the plate 20a slotted formed, but at an angle to the insertion (negative y direction) of the arrester 11 ,

The second plate 20b indicates its recess 21b also chamfers 22 on. The bevels 22 the two plates 20a and 20b are formed angularly against each other.

The bevels 22 cause an improved adhesion for the terminal connection of the arrester 11 in the contact device 20 , In addition, prevent the chamfers 22 an oblique kinking of the arresters 11 ,

Due to the bevel of the plate edges in operative contact a flat pressing is effected.

The 4 shows in an alternative embodiment one in a three plates 20a . 20b and 20c having contact device 20 introduced arrester 11 the memory cell 10 in a schematic page presentation.

The two outer plates 20a and 20c be relative to the middle plate 20b moved to the clamp connection for the arresters 11 train. The use of three plates is statically advantageous.

recesses 21a . 21b and 21c are in each of the three plates 20a . 20b and 20b trained and arranged congruently one above the other.

In the in 4 shown embodiment are at each recess 21a . 21b and 21c mutually angled bevels 22 educated.

Alternatively to the in the 3 and 4 In embodiments shown, the contact device 20 also have more than three plates. The plates are advantageously arranged in parallel one above the other. The contact device 20 is multi-layered, with at least two plates parallel to each other and in the insertion of the arrester 11 arranged one behind the other.

The 5 shows a perspective view of a battery 1 , The battery 1 includes several battery cells 3 , the side by side and behind each other in a battery case 2 are arranged. The contact device 20 includes the two plates 20a and 20b in their recesses 21a and 21b the arresters 11 the memory cells 10 are plugged in.

The battery cells 3 each contain several memory cells 10 , their arresters 11 at the same time in the contact device during assembly 20 be plugged.

The recesses 21a and 21b are designed to be the positive and negative arresters 11 two juxtaposed memory cells 11 be able to record. Alternatively, the recesses 21a and 21b be designed as interrupted slots.

In another embodiment, the recesses 21a and 21b when using differently shaped arresters 11 so to the shape of the arrester 11 be adapted that the arrester can be easily inserted into the recesses.

At the two plates 20a and 20b the contact device 20 is a lever as an actuating mechanism 4 educated. In a resting position are the recesses 21a and 21b the plates 20a and 20b shifted against each other so that the recesses are not arranged congruently in the y-direction one above the other.

Upon actuation of the actuating mechanism 4 become the components of the contact device 20 relative to each other so shifted that the recesses 21a . 21b congruent in the insertion direction (negative y direction) are arranged. The relative movement may be against a biasing force of a spring mechanism (not shown in the figures). By actuating the actuating mechanism 4 becomes the contact device 20 brought into a mounting position. In the mounting position are the arresters 11 the memory cells 10 rectilinear in the insertion direction (negative y-direction) in the recesses 21a . 21b at least two components of the contact device 20 insertable, in 5 the two plates 20a and 20b ,

After the arresters 11 in the recesses 21a and 21b are introduced, the actuating mechanism 4 relaxed and the plates 20a . 20b shifted by the relaxing spring mechanism relative to each other until the relative movement through the in the recesses 21a . 21b introduced arrester 11 is blocked. The spring force presses the components of the contact device 20 from opposite sides against the arrester 11 , characterized in a clamping fit frictionally with the contact device 20 are connected.

The non-positive closure of the arresters 11 in the contact device 20 takes place simultaneously for all arresters 11 ,

After or before the assembly of the memory cells 10 in the contact device 20 can on one of the plates 20a . 20b Electrical cables are applied so that an electrical connection of the individual arresters 11 several or all of the memory cells 10 provided. The electrical connections can be customized to the strength of the battery to be manufactured 1 be adjusted.

In this case, at least one of the plates 20a . 20b be designed as electrical circuit board. Alternatively, both plates can 20a . 20b be designed as printed circuit boards and be provided an electrical contacting of the arrester on both plates. In the in the 4 shown embodiment with three plates can one, two or all three plates 20a . 20b . 20c be designed as a printed circuit board with electrical connections.

In the installed state z. B. screws or wedges may be provided in the insertion direction of the arrester 11 (negative y-direction) so for connecting the components of the contact device 20 are provided, that the relative movement of the components of the contact device 20 is inhibited. Also alternative backups against unwanted opening of the clamp connection can be provided, such. B. a fuse on the actuating mechanism 4 ,

The coordinate system used in the figures has axes x, y, z arranged at right angles to one another and should be understood by way of example. In the figures, the y-direction points to the vertical, the x-direction and the z-direction together span a horizontal plane. Alternatively, the insertion or insertion direction of the arresters (the negative y-direction) may also be formed as a horizontal or oblique direction.

In one embodiment, the battery 1 between 10 and 100 individual memory cells 10 to, preferably between 30 and 70, more preferably between 20 and 40 memory cells 10 ,

The contact device is formed at least in two parts. In this case, at least a first component of the contact device, which faces the memory cells in an installed position, has recesses formed continuously for receiving the arresters. A second component of the contact device, which is arranged on the opposite side of the memory cell of the first component, also has recesses for receiving the arrester. These recesses of the second component need not necessarily be formed continuously. Furthermore, the second component may also have a different shape than a plate.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

battery

2

casing

3

cell block

4

actuating mechanism

10

memory cell

11

arrester

20

contact device

20a

first plate

20b

second plate

20c

third plate

21a

recess

21b

recess

21c

recess

22

bevel

Claims (16)

Battery with - a plurality of memory cells ( 10 ), each of the memory cells ( 10 ) at least one electrical arrester ( 11 ) and - a contact device ( 20 ) for electrically contacting the memory cells ( 10 ), characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) is formed in several parts and so that by a relative movement of at least two components ( 20a . 20b . 20b ) of the contact device ( 20 ) to each other a non-positive clamping connection of the arrester ( 11 ) with the contact device ( 20 ) can be opened and / or closed. Battery according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the at least two relatively movable components ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) of the contact device ( 20 ) is formed as a board, wherein the board electrical connections for the with the contact device ( 20 ) non-positively connected arresters ( 11 ) having. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one component of the contact device ( 20 ) Recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21c ) for receiving the arresters ( 11 ) of several memory cells ( 10 ), in particular all memory cells ( 10 ), exhibit. Battery according to claim 3, characterized in that the relative movement of a first component ( 20a ; 20c ) of the contact device ( 20 ) to a second component ( 20b ) of the contact device ( 20 ) substantially perpendicular to an insertion direction of the arresters ( 11 ) in the recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21b ) he follows. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) is formed such that by the relative movement, the clamping connection for several, in particular for all of the arrester ( 11 ) is openable and / or closable. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) at least two substantially mutually parallel plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) as relatively movable components, each plate ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) Recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21c ) for introducing the arresters ( 11 ) substantially perpendicular to the plane of propagation of the plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) having. Battery according to claim 6, characterized in that the relative movement of the at least two plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) of the contact device ( 20 ) to one another within the propagation plane of one of the plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c ). Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) at least three substantially mutually parallel plates ( 20a . 20b . 20c ), wherein at least one of the at least three plates is designed to be movable relative to the other plates. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a spring mechanism for generating the clamping force of the clamping connection. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an actuating mechanism ( 4 ) for opening the clamping connection, in particular an actuating mechanism for opening the clamping connection for all arresters ( 11 ). Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of memory cells ( 10 ) parallel to each other and / or next to each other on the contact device ( 20 ) are arranged. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) from exactly two ( 20a . 20b ) or from exactly three ( 20a . 20b . 20c ) consists essentially parallel to each other arranged plates. Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device ( 20 ) slot-shaped recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21c ) for receiving the arresters ( 11 ), wherein the slot width of the recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21c ) to the thickness of the arresters ( 11 ) is adjusted. Battery according to claim 13, characterized in that the recesses ( 21a . 21b . 21c ) are formed bevelled. Use of a contact device ( 20 ) for electrically contacting memory cells ( 10 ) each having at least one electrical arrester ( 11 ), wherein - the contact device ( 20 ) is formed in several parts and - by a relative movement of at least two components ( 20a . 20b . 20b ) of the contact device ( 20 ) to each other a non-positive clamping connection of arresters ( 11 ) with the contact device ( 20 ) is opened and / or closed. Use of a contact device according to claim 15, wherein the contact device ( 20 ) has a circuit board and electrical connections on the board are formed so that in the contact device ( 20 ) trapped arresters ( 11 ) are electrically connectable via the board so that a predetermined total volts and / or total current of a battery ( 1 ), the memory cells ( 10 ) having.

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