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DE102010050499B3 - Use of a wear-resistant steel component - Google Patents

Use of a wear-resistant steel component Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102010050499B3
DE102010050499B3 DE102010050499A DE102010050499A DE102010050499B3 DE 102010050499 B3 DE102010050499 B3 DE 102010050499B3 DE 102010050499 A DE102010050499 A DE 102010050499A DE 102010050499 A DE102010050499 A DE 102010050499A DE 102010050499 B3 DE102010050499 B3 DE 102010050499B3
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Germany
Prior art keywords
max
wear
steel component
resistant steel
press
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Expired - Fee Related
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DE102010050499A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr. Klasfauseweh Udo
Oswald Gerl
Birgit Peters
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Benteler Defense GmbH and Co KG
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Priority to DE102010050499A priority Critical patent/DE102010050499B3/en
Priority to PCT/DE2011/001948 priority patent/WO2012062281A1/en
Priority to US14/000,061 priority patent/US20140127074A1/en
Priority to EP11818988.5A priority patent/EP2646626A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE102010050499B3 publication Critical patent/DE102010050499B3/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673Quenching devices for die quenching
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/13Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36Component parts
    • E02F3/40Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80Component parts
    • E02F3/815Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools
    • E02F3/8152Attachments therefor, e.g. wear resisting parts, cutting edges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/102Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables operatively associated with mole-ploughs, coulters
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808Teeth
    • E02F9/285Teeth characterised by the material used
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0058Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
    • G02B6/006Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to produce indicia, symbols, texts or the like
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/18Edge-illuminated signs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/00362-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/22Illumination; Arrangements for improving the visibility of characters on dials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils mit einer Härte zwischen 500 und 700 HB in Baumaschinen, Agrarmaschinen und Bergbaumaschinen.The present invention relates to a use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component with a hardness between 500 and 700 HB in construction machines, agricultural machines and mining machines.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung eines verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils.The present invention relates to the use of a wear-resistant steel component.

Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene verschleißfeste Stähle am Markt verfügbar. Die verschleißfesten Stähle kommen in Maschinen überall dort zum Einsatz, wo mit hohem abrasiven Verschleiß zu rechnen ist. Dieser hohe abrasive Verschleiß findet seine Herkunft hauptsächlich in den Verschleißarten Stoßbelastung und Reibverschleiß. Durch harte Gegenstände, die mit den verschleißfesten Maschinenbauteilen in Kontakt geraten, werden an den Stählen kontinuierlich Oberflächensegmente abgetragen, so dass es zu einem derartigen Verschleiß kommt, dass diese Maschinenbauteile ausgewechselt werden müssen, sobald sie ein kritisches Verschleißniveau unterschritten haben.Various wear-resistant steels are available on the market in the prior art. The wear-resistant steels are used in machines wherever high abrasive wear is to be expected. This high abrasive wear finds its origin mainly in the types of wear shock load and fretting. By hard objects that come into contact with the wear-resistant machine components, surface segments are continuously removed from the steels, so that it comes to such a wear that these machine components must be replaced as soon as they have fallen below a critical level of wear.

Um diesem abrasiv bedingten Verschleiß entgegen zu wirken, gibt es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Möglichkeiten, die Maschinenbauteile nach deren Herstellung zu härten. Diese Härtungsmöglichkeiten bestehen z. B. in dem Aufbringen einer verschleißfesten Oberflächenschicht. Dies ermöglicht zunächst einen Einsatz des verschleißfesten Maschinenbauteils, mit nur geringer Abnutzung. Ist jedoch die Oberflächenschicht selbst durch abrasiven Verschleiß abgenutzt, so wird auch das darunterliegende Maschinenbauteil durch stärkeren Verschleiß in seiner Festigkeit beeinträchtigt.To counteract this abrasion-related wear, there are known from the prior art ways to harden the machine components after their preparation. These curing options exist for. B. in the application of a wear-resistant surface layer. This initially allows use of the wear-resistant machine component, with only little wear. However, if the surface layer itself is worn down by abrasive wear, the underlying machine component is affected by increased wear in its strength.

Eine weitere aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Möglichkeit besteht in dem Einsatz eines verschleißfesten Stahles. Dieser verschleißfeste Stahl hat jedoch nur begrenzte Möglichkeiten, als komplexes Maschinenbauteil ausgebildet zu sein. Eine Umformung oder aber auch ein Nachbearbeiten beispielsweise durch ein spanabhebendes Fertigungsverfahren sind aufgrund der hohen Härte nur bedingt durchführbar. Auch ist ein nachträgliches Bearbeiten relativ kostenintensiv.Another possibility known from the prior art is the use of a wear-resistant steel. However, this wear-resistant steel has limited possibilities to be designed as a complex machine component. A transformation or even a reworking, for example, by a machining production process are due to the high hardness only limited feasible. Also, a subsequent processing is relatively expensive.

Beispielsweise ist aus der EP 1 563 104 B1 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstands, beispielsweise eines Blechs aus abriebfestem Stahl bekannt, wobei der Stahl eine Härte zwischen 450 und 650 HB aufweist. Ein Blech selbst ist jedoch ein ebenes zweidimensional ausgebildetes Bauteil und kein komplexgeformtes dreidimensionales Bauteil Etwaige Formgebungsgrenzen eines Stahlblechs aus abriebfestem Stahl sind nur sehr gering, weshalb sich die Verwendung von so bekannten Stahlblechen auf die Herstellung von Schweißbauteilen beschränkt.For example, is from the EP 1 563 104 B1 a method for producing an article, for example a sheet of abrasion-resistant steel is known, wherein the steel has a hardness between 450 and 650 HB. However, a sheet itself is a flat two-dimensionally formed component and not a complex-shaped three-dimensional component. Any forming limits of a steel sheet made of abrasion-resistant steel are very small, and therefore the use of so-known steel sheets is limited to the production of welded components.

Aus der DE 696 05 350 D2 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils bekannt, das eine Härte zwischen 400 und 500 HB aufweist. Ein solches Bauteil erfüllt jedoch nur bedingt die Anforderungen an ein hochverschleißfestes Bauteil, beispielsweise im Einsatz von Förderschnecken, Erntemaschinen oder ähnlichen harten abrasiven Verschleißstellen.From the DE 696 05 350 D2 For example, a method of manufacturing a component having a hardness between 400 and 500 HB is known. However, such a component only partially meets the requirements of a highly wear-resistant component, for example in the use of screw conveyors, harvesters or similar hard abrasive wear points.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Möglichkeit aufzuzeigen, Maschinen bzw. Komponenten von Maschinen, die einem hohen abrasiven Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind, in ihrer Lebensdauer zu verlängern und kostengünstiger betreiben zu können.Object of the present invention is therefore to show a way to extend machines and components of machines that are exposed to high abrasive wear in their life and to operate more cost-effectively.

Die zuvor genannte Aufgabe wird durch die Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The above object is achieved by the use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component according to claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Bestandteil der abhängigen Patentansprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are part of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils mit einer Härte zwischen 500 und 700 Härte Brinell (HB), als Stahlbauteil in Baumaschinen, findet besonders bevorzugt Anwendung als Baggerschaufel, Betonmischerschaufel, Förderschneckenschaufel oder aber Transportschaufel für Förderanlagen. Ergänzende Verwendung bei Baumaschinen, die einem hohen abrasivem Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind, sind auch Bestandteil der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung.The use according to the invention of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component having a hardness of between 500 and 700 hardness Brinell (HB), as a steel component in construction machines, is particularly preferred as an excavator bucket, concrete mixer bucket, screw conveyor bucket or transport bucket for conveyors. Supplementary use in construction machines, which are exposed to high abrasive wear, are also part of the use of the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung sieht weiterhin den Einsatz eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils mit einer Härte zwischen 500 und 700 HB als Stahlbauteil in Agrarmaschinen vor. Besonders bevorzugt findet hier ein verschleißfestes Stahlbauteil die Verwendung an einem Pflug oder aber einer Schneidereinrichtung von Erntemaschinen.The use according to the invention further provides for the use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component having a hardness of between 500 and 700 HB as a steel component in agricultural machines. Particularly preferred here is a wear-resistant steel component, the use of a plow or a cutting device of harvesters.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Verwendungsmöglichkeit eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils mit einer Härte zwischen 500 und 700 HB wird das Stahlbauteil in Bergbaumaschinen, vorzugsweise bei Förderelementen, Brechelementen oder Sortieranlagen eingesetzt. In a further preferred use possibility of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component having a hardness between 500 and 700 HB, the steel component is used in mining machines, preferably in conveying elements, crushing elements or sorting systems.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten Bauteilen ergibt sich insbesondere die Möglichkeit, ein hoch komplexes verschleißfestes Stahlbauteil herzustellen und in einem Bereich zu verwenden, in dem bisher nur die zu Anfangs aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten aufgezählten Möglichkeiten zum Einsatz kamen. Insbesondere ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die verschleißfesten Stahlbauteile als warmumgeformte und pressgehärtete Stahlbauteile mit nur wenigen Verfahrensschritten hergestellt werden können.The inventive use of hot-formed and press-hardened components results in particular in the possibility to produce a highly complex wear-resistant steel component and to use it in a range in which previously only the known from the prior art enumerated possibilities were used. In particular, there is the advantage that the wear-resistant steel components can be produced as hot-formed and press-hardened steel components with only a few process steps.

Im Falle einer Baggerschaufel besteht somit die erfindungsgemäße Baggerschaufel in ihrer Gesamtheit aus verschleißfestem Stahl, ohne dass Schwachstellen durch Fügenähte oder ähnliches erzeugt sind bzw. sind Schwachstellen durch die Nachbehandlung derart ausgeglichen, dass erfindungsgemäß verwendete Baggerschaufeln eine hohe Langlebigkeit und Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen abrasiven Verschleiß aufweisen. Gleiches gilt für Betonmischer, Förderschneckenschaufeln bzw. sonstige Schaufeln in Förderanlagen oder ähnlichen Baumaschinen. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung ist, dass die Herstellungskosten und auch die Betriebskosten der warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteile immens sinken, da Austauschintervalle vergrößert werden bzw. die Langlebigkeit erhöht wird.In the case of an excavator bucket thus the excavator bucket according to the invention in its entirety consists of wear-resistant steel, without weaknesses are produced by joining seams or the like or weak points are compensated by the aftertreatment such that excavator buckets used in the invention have a high durability and resistance to abrasive wear. The same applies to concrete mixers, screw conveyor blades or other blades in conveyor systems or similar construction machines. A significant advantage of the use according to the invention is that the manufacturing costs and also the operating costs of the hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel components decrease immensely, since replacement intervals are increased and longevity is increased.

Das erfindungsgemäß verwendete Stahlbauteil wird mit Biegewinkeln von mehr als 5 Grad hergestellt. Hierdurch ist es insbesondere möglich, komplexe Geometrien von verschleißfesten Stahlbauteilen einzusetzen. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bis dato nur verschleißfeste Stahlbauteile mit stumpfen Biegewinkeln, also Biegewinkeln von deutlich unter 5 Grad herstellbar, da die Stahlbauteile aufgrund ihrer hohen verschleißfest bedingten Härte nur in geringem Maße umformbar sind. Durch erfindungsgemäß verwendete Stahlbauteile besteht die Möglichkeit, hochkomplexe Geometrien derart einzusetzen, dass Biegewinkel von mehr als 5 Grad, insbesondere von mehr als 10 oder aber auch 15 Grad vorhanden sind. Beispielsweise besteht somit die Möglichkeit, Geometrien in Form einer Baggerschaufel oder ähnlichem mit nur einem Verfahrensschritt in einen Endzustand umzuformen und im Anschluss daran die hergestellten Bauteile erfindungsgemäß zu verwenden.The steel component used according to the invention is produced with bending angles of more than 5 degrees. This makes it possible in particular to use complex geometries of wear-resistant steel components. From the state of the art to date only wear-resistant steel components with blunt bending angles, ie bending angles of well below 5 degrees produced because the steel components are due to their high wear-resistant hardness only to a small extent deformable. By steel components used in the invention, it is possible to use highly complex geometries such that bending angles of more than 5 degrees, in particular more than 10 or even 15 degrees are present. For example, it is therefore possible to reshape geometries in the form of an excavator bucket or the like into a final state with only one method step, and subsequently to use the manufactured components according to the invention.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung ist es möglich, Bauteile mit komplexen Bauteilgeometrien einzusetzen. Aufgrund des Warmumform- und Presshärteprozesses ist es insbesondere möglich, mit hoher Produktionsgenauigkeit bei gleichzeitig günstigen Fertigungskosten verschleißfeste Stahlbauteile herzustellen, die aufgrund des Warmumform- und Presshärteprozesses in ihrer Gesamtheit ein verschleißfestes Werkstoffgefüge aufweisen. Insbesondere werden Stahlplatinen mit einer Dicke zwischen 1 und 30 mm derart bearbeitet, dass verschleißfeste Stahlbauteile hergestellt und verwendet werden. Einem Materialabtrag durch abrasiven Verschleiß kann aufgrund des gesamten verschleißfesten Werkstoffgefüges des hergestellten Stahlbauteils gut entgegen gewirkt werden, da nicht nur eine verschleißfeste Oberfläche besteht, sondern das Stahlbauteil in seiner Gesamtheit verschleißfest ausgebildet ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass warmumgeformte und pressgehärtete Stahlbauteile besonders lange im Einsatz verbleiben können, was wiederum eine Kostensenkung des Betriebes von Maschinen mit erfindungsgemäßen verwendeten Stahlbauteilen darstellt.With the use according to the invention it is possible to use components with complex component geometries. Due to the hot forming and press hardening process, it is possible, in particular, to produce wear-resistant steel components with high production precision and at the same time low production costs, which in their entirety have a wear-resistant material structure as a result of the hot-forming and press-hardening process. In particular, steel plates having a thickness of between 1 and 30 mm are machined to produce and use wear-resistant steel components. A material removal by abrasive wear can be counteracted well due to the entire wear-resistant material structure of the steel component produced, since not only a wear-resistant surface, but the steel component is designed to be wear-resistant in its entirety. This has the advantage that hot-formed and press-hardened steel components can remain in use for a particularly long time, which in turn represents a cost reduction in the operation of machines with steel components used according to the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung zeichnet sich weiterhin dadurch aus, dass die Stahlbauteile zumindest partiell nachbehandelt sind, beispielsweise durch ein partielles Wärmebehandeln. Durch das Wärmebehandeln wird die Möglichkeit gegeben, das erfindungsgemäß verwendete verschleißfeste Stahlbauteil in weiteren Schritten nachzubearbeiten, ohne dass wesentliche Einschränkungen der verschleißfesten Härte erfolgen. Die Wärmebehandlung kann in mehreren Stufen oder Schritten durchgeführt werden. Eine besonders bevorzugte Wärmebehandlung erfolgt beispielsweise dadurch, dass das Stahlbauteil auf eine Aufwärmtemperatur in einem Bereich zwischen 500 und 900 Grad aufgewärmt wird, die Aufwärmtemperatur für eine Haltezeit gehalten wird und anschließend von der Aufwärmtemperatur in mindestens einer Phase abgekühlt wird.The use according to the invention is further distinguished by the fact that the steel components are at least partially aftertreated, for example by a partial heat treatment. By the heat treatment, the possibility is given to post-process the wear-resistant steel component used in accordance with the invention in further steps, without significant limitations of the wear-resistant hardness occurring. The heat treatment can be carried out in several stages or steps. A particularly preferred heat treatment is carried out, for example, by heating the steel component to a heating temperature in a range between 500 and 900 degrees, holding the heating temperature for a holding time and then cooling it from the heating temperature in at least one phase.

Als Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Nachbehandlung ergibt sich, dass gezielt in den gewünschten Bereichen Werkstoffeigenschaften prozesssicher herstellbar sind, die für eine erfindungsgemäße Verwendung des verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils benötigt werden. Die Starttemperatur der Aufwärmung ist immer kleiner als die Martensit Starttemperatur, vorzugsweise liegt die Starttemperatur unterhalb von 200 Grad Celsius.An advantage of the aftertreatment according to the invention is that it is possible to produce material properties in the desired areas in a process-reliable manner, which are required for an inventive use of the wear-resistant steel component. The starting temperature of the warm-up is always lower than the martensite start temperature, preferably the starting temperature is below 200 degrees Celsius.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Stahlbauteile wird zu deren Herstellung eine Stahllegierung verwendet, die folgende Legierungselemente jeweils in Gewichtsprozent aufweist: 0,2 bis 0,4% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,3 bis 0,8% Silizium (Si) 1,0 bis 2,5% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,02% Phosphor (P) max. 0,02% Schwefel (S) max. 0,05 & Aluminium (Al) max. 2% Kupfer (Cu) 0,1 bis 0,5% Chrom (Cr) max. 2% Nickel (Ni) 0,1 bis 1% Molybdän (Mo) 0,001 bis 0,01% Bor (B) 0,01 bis 1% Wolfram (W) max. 0,05% Stickstoff (N) oder 0,35 bis 0,55% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,1 bis 2,5% Silizium (Si) 0,3 bis 2,5% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,05% Phosphor (P) max. 0,01% Schwefel (S) max. 0,08% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,5% Kupfer (Cu) 0,1 bis 2,0% Chrom (Cr) max. 3,0% Nickel (Ni) max. 1,0% Molybdän (Mo) max. 2,0% Kobalt (Co) 0,001 bis 0,005% Bor (B) 0,01 bis 0,08% Mob (Nb) max. 0,4% Vanadium (V) max. 0,02% Stickstoff (N) max. 0,2% Titan (Ti) oder 0,40 bis 0,44% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,1 bis 0,5% Silizium (Si) 0,5 bis 1,2% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,02% Phosphor (P) max. 0,005% Schwefel (S) max. 0,05% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,2% Kupfer (Cu) 0,3 bis 0,8% Chrom (Cr) 1,0 bis 2,5% Nickel (Ni) 0,2 bis 0,6% Molybdän (Mo) 0,5 bis 2,0% Kobalt (Co) 0,0015 bis 0,005% Bor (B) 0,02 bis 0,05% Niob (Nb) max. 0,4% Vanadium (V) max. 0,015% Stickstoff (N) 0,01 bis 0,05% Titan (Ti) oder 0,42 bis 0,45% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,30 bis 0,40% Silizium (Si) 0,80 bis 0,90% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,012% Phosphor (P) max. 0,001% Schwefel (S) 0,020 bis 0,050% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,10% Kupfer (Cu) 0,50 bis 0,60% Chrom (Cr) 2,00 bis 2,20% Nickel (Ni) 0,45 bis 0,59% Molybdän (Mo) 0,90 bis 1,10% Kobalt (Co) 0,002 bis 0,004% Bor (B) max. 0,008% Stickstoff (N) 0,015 bis 0,025% Titan (Ti) max. 0,030% Zinn (Sn). In a further advantageous embodiment variant of the steel components used according to the invention, a steel alloy is used for their production which has the following alloying elements in each case in percent by weight: 0.2 to 0.4% carbon (C) 0.3 to 0.8% silicon (Si) 1.0 to 2.5% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.02% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.02% sulfur (S) Max. 0.05 & aluminum (Al) Max. 2% copper (Cu) 0.1 to 0.5% chrome (Cr) Max. 2% nickel (Ni) 0.1 to 1% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.001 to 0.01% boron (B) 0.01 to 1% tungsten (W) Max. 0.05% nitrogen (N) or 0.35 to 0.55% carbon (C) 0.1 to 2.5% silicon (Si) 0.3 to 2.5% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.05% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.01% sulfur (S) Max. 0.08% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.5% copper (Cu) 0.1 to 2.0% chrome (Cr) Max. 3.0% nickel (Ni) Max. 1.0% molybdenum (Not a word) Max. 2.0% cobalt (Co) 0.001 to 0.005% boron (B) 0.01 to 0.08% mob (Nb) Max. 0.4% vanadium (V) Max. 0.02% nitrogen (N) Max. 0.2% titanium (Ti) or 0.40 to 0.44% carbon (C) 0.1 to 0.5% silicon (Si) 0.5 to 1.2% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.02% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.005% sulfur (S) Max. 0.05% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.2% copper (Cu) 0.3 to 0.8% chrome (Cr) 1.0 to 2.5% nickel (Ni) 0.2 to 0.6% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.5 to 2.0% cobalt (Co) 0.0015 to 0.005% boron (B) 0.02 to 0.05% niobium (Nb) Max. 0.4% vanadium (V) Max. 0.015% nitrogen (N) 0.01 to 0.05% titanium (Ti) or 0.42 to 0.45% carbon (C) 0.30 to 0.40% silicon (Si) 0.80 to 0.90% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.012% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.001% sulfur (S) 0.020 to 0.050% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.10% copper (Cu) 0.50 to 0.60% chrome (Cr) 2.00 to 2.20% nickel (Ni) 0.45 to 0.59% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.90 to 1.10% cobalt (Co) 0.002 to 0.004% boron (B) Max. 0.008% nitrogen (N) 0.015 to 0.025% titanium (Ti) Max. 0.030% tin (Sn).

Durch die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Legierungsbestandteile eignet sich die Stahllegierung besonders durch ihre Formbarkeit im weichen Zustand und das Abkühlverhalten für ein gegebenenfalls kaltes Vorformen sowie mit dem Warmformvorgang, verbunden mit einer Härtung im Werkzeug, und erreicht zugleich die für eine verschleißfeste Werkstoffgefügezusammensetzung erwünschten Härten.The alloying components used according to the invention make the steel alloy particularly suitable for its soft formability and cooling behavior for optionally cold preforming and thermoforming combined with tool hardening while achieving the hardnesses desired for a wear resistant composite material composition.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung weist das verschleißfeste Stahlbauteil eine Härte von mehr als 550 HB auf. Hierbei ist es erfindungsgemäß wesentlich, dass das ungehärtete Stahlblech mit dem Warmumformverfahren umgeformt und anschließend pressgehärtet wird. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bis dato nur verschleißfeste Stahlbauteile bekannt, die eine Härte bis zu 450 HB aufweisen, wobei diese im Wesentlichen als Stahlplatine bzw. ebene Stahlbauteile ausgebildet sind. Hier wird insbesondere durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung die Möglichkeit gegeben, komplexe Stahlbauteilgeometrien und höheren Härtegraden zum Einsatz zu bringen.In a further preferred embodiment of the use according to the invention, the wear-resistant steel component has a hardness of more than 550 HB. Here, it is essential according to the invention that the unhardened steel sheet is formed by the hot forming process and then press-hardened. From the state of the art to date only wear-resistant steel components are known, which have a hardness up to 450 HB, which are essentially formed as a steel plate or planar steel components. Here, in particular by the use according to the invention, it is possible to use complex steel component geometries and higher degrees of hardness.

Claims (4)

Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils mit einer Härte zwischen 500 und 700 HB als Stahlbauteil in Baumaschinen, vorzugsweise als Baggerschaufel, Betonmischerschaufel, Förderschneckenschaufel, Transportschaufel für Förderanlagen oder als Stahlbauteil in Agrarmaschinen, vorzugsweise an einem Pflug oder an Schneideinrichtungen von Erntemaschinen oder als Stahlbauteil in Bergbaumaschinen, vorzugsweise bei Förderer-Komponenten, Brecher-Komponenten oder Sortieranlagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stahlbauteil Biegewinkel von mehr als 5 Grad aufweist.Use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component having a hardness of between 500 and 700 HB as a steel component in construction machines, preferably as an excavator bucket, concrete mixer bucket, auger bucket, transport bucket for conveyors or as a steel component in agricultural machines, preferably on a plow or cutting devices of harvesters or as a steel component in mining machines, preferably in conveyor components, crusher components or sorting systems, characterized in that the steel component has bending angles of more than 5 degrees. Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils nach Ansprüch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stahlbauteil zumindest partiell wärmebehandelt ist.Use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel component is at least partially heat-treated. Verwendung einer warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stahlbauteil aus einer Legierung mit folgenden Bestandteilen ausgedrückt in Gewichtsprozent: 0,2 bis 0,4% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,3 bis 0,8% Silizium (Si) 1,0 bis 2,5% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,02% Phosphor (P) max. 0,02% Schwefel (S) max. 0,05% Aluminium (Al) max. 2% Kupfer (Cu) 0,1 bis 0,5% Chrom (Cr) max. 2% Nickel (Ni) 0,1 bis 1% Molybdän (Mo) 0,001 bis 0,01% Bor (B) 0,01 bis 1% Wolfram (W) max. 0,05% Stickstoff (N)
oder 0,35 bis 0,55% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,1 bis 2,5% Silizium (Si) 0,3 bis 2,5% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,05% Phosphor (P) max. 0,01% Schwefel (S) max. 0,08% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,5% Kupfer (Cu) 0,1 bis 2,0% Chrom (Cr) max. 3,0% Nickel (Ni) max. 1,0% Molybdän (Mo) max. 2,0% Kobalt (Co) 0,001 bis 0,005% Bor (B) 0,01 bis 0,08% Niob (Nb) max. 0,4% Vanadium (V) max. 0,02% Stickstoff (N) max. 0,2% Titan (Ti)
oder 0,40 bis 0,44% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,1 bis 0,5% Silizium (Si) 0,5 bis 1,2% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,02% Phosphor (P) max. 0,005% Schwefel (S) max. 0,05% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,2% Kupfer (Cu) 0,3 bis 0,8% Chrom (Cr) 1,0 bis 2,5% Nickel (Ni) 0,2 bis 0,6% Molybdän (Mo) 0,5 bis 2,0% Kobalt (Co) 0,0015 bis 0,005% Bor (B) 0,02 bis 0,05% Niob (Nb) max. 0,4% Vanadium (V) max. 0,015% Stickstoff (N) 0,01 bis 0,05% Titan (Ti)
oder 0,42 bis 0,45% Kohlenstoff (C) 0,30 bis 0,40% Silizium (Si) 0,80 bis 0,90% Mangan (Mn) max. 0,012% Phosphor (P) max. 0,001% Schwefel (S) 0,020 bis 0,050% Aluminium (Al) max. 0,10% Kupfer (Cu) 0,50 bis 0,60% Chrom (Cr) 2,00 bis 2,20% Nickel (Ni) 0,45 bis 0,59% Molybdän (Mo) 0,90 bis 1,10% Kobalt (Co) 0,002 bis 0,004% Bor (B) max. 0,008% Stickstoff (N) 0,015 bis 0,025% Titan (Ti) max. 0,030% Zinn (Sn)
besteht.
Use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the steel component is made of an alloy comprising the following constituents, expressed in percent by weight: 0.2 to 0.4% carbon (C) 0.3 to 0.8% silicon (Si) 1.0 to 2.5% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.02% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.02% sulfur (S) Max. 0.05% aluminum (Al) Max. 2% copper (Cu) 0.1 to 0.5% chrome (Cr) Max. 2% nickel (Ni) 0.1 to 1% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.001 to 0.01% boron (B) 0.01 to 1% tungsten (W) Max. 0.05% nitrogen (N)
or 0.35 to 0.55% carbon (C) 0.1 to 2.5% silicon (Si) 0.3 to 2.5% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.05% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.01% sulfur (S) Max. 0.08% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.5% copper (Cu) 0.1 to 2.0% chrome (Cr) Max. 3.0% nickel (Ni) Max. 1.0% molybdenum (Not a word) Max. 2.0% cobalt (Co) 0.001 to 0.005% boron (B) 0.01 to 0.08% niobium (Nb) Max. 0.4% vanadium (V) Max. 0.02% nitrogen (N) Max. 0.2% titanium (Ti)
or 0.40 to 0.44% carbon (C) 0.1 to 0.5% silicon (Si) 0.5 to 1.2% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.02% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.005% sulfur (S) Max. 0.05% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.2% copper (Cu) 0.3 to 0.8% chrome (Cr) 1.0 to 2.5% nickel (Ni) 0.2 to 0.6% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.5 to 2.0% cobalt (Co) 0.0015 to 0.005% boron (B) 0.02 to 0.05% niobium (Nb) Max. 0.4% vanadium (V) Max. 0.015% nitrogen (N) 0.01 to 0.05% titanium (Ti)
or 0.42 to 0.45% carbon (C) 0.30 to 0.40% silicon (Si) 0.80 to 0.90% manganese (Mn) Max. 0.012% phosphorus (P) Max. 0.001% sulfur (S) 0.020 to 0.050% aluminum (Al) Max. 0.10% copper (Cu) 0.50 to 0.60% chrome (Cr) 2.00 to 2.20% nickel (Ni) 0.45 to 0.59% molybdenum (Not a word) 0.90 to 1.10% cobalt (Co) 0.002 to 0.004% boron (B) Max. 0.008% nitrogen (N) 0.015 to 0.025% titanium (Ti) Max. 0.030% tin (Sn)
consists.
Verwendung eines warmumgeformten und pressgehärteten, verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stahlbauteil eine Härte von mehr als 550 HB aufweist.Use of a hot-formed and press-hardened, wear-resistant steel component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the steel component has a hardness of more than 550 HB.
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