DE102010041179A1 - Manufacturing a fiber material comprising preforms, comprises providing a fiber mat, clamping the fiber mat between first and second clamping frame part of clamping frame, and closing the compression mold - Google Patents
Manufacturing a fiber material comprising preforms, comprises providing a fiber mat, clamping the fiber mat between first and second clamping frame part of clamping frame, and closing the compression mold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010041179A1 DE102010041179A1 DE102010041179A DE102010041179A DE102010041179A1 DE 102010041179 A1 DE102010041179 A1 DE 102010041179A1 DE 102010041179 A DE102010041179 A DE 102010041179A DE 102010041179 A DE102010041179 A DE 102010041179A DE 102010041179 A1 DE102010041179 A1 DE 102010041179A1
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- fiber mat
- clamping
- clamping frame
- fiber
- frame part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
- B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/021—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/06—Making preforms by moulding the material
- B29B11/12—Compression moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/021—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
- B29C2043/023—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface having a plurality of grooves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorformlings aus Fasermaterial gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber material preform according to the features of claim 1.
Karosserieteile von Fahrzeugen können anstatt als Blechteile auch als faserverstärkte Kunststoffteile dargestellt werden. Zur Verstärkung derartiger Kunststoffteile werden üblicherweise mehrlagige „Fasermatten” verwendet, die z. B. aus Kohlefasern, Glasfasern und/oder anderen Materialien wie z. B. Metalldrähten, hergestellt sein können. Bei den Strukturen der einzelnen Lagen kann es sich um Gewebe, Gelegen, Gewirke o. ä. handeln.Body parts of vehicles can be represented instead of sheet metal parts as fiber-reinforced plastic parts. To reinforce such plastic parts usually multi-layered "fiber mats" are used, the z. B. carbon fibers, glass fibers and / or other materials such. As metal wires, can be made. The structures of the individual layers may be woven, laid, knitted or the like.
Zur Herstellung eines dreidimensionalen Bauteils wird zunächst die zu verwendende Fasermatte in eine dem herzustellenden Kunststoffbauteil ähnelnde Form umgeformt. Man spricht dabei von einem sog. „Vorformling” bzw. „Preform”. Den Vorgang des Umformens bezeichnet man als „Vorformen” oder „Preforming”.To produce a three-dimensional component, the fiber mat to be used is first of all shaped into a shape resembling the plastic component to be produced. This is called a "preform" or "preform". The process of forming is called preforming or preforming.
Zur Herstellung eines derartigen Vorformlings wird eine mehrlagige Fasermatte mittels eines Spannrahmens zwischen einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug eines geöffneten Presswerkzeugs aufgespannt. Die Werkzeugkavität des Presswerkzeugs entspricht der Form des herzustellenden Vorformlings. Durch Schließen des Presswerkzeugs wird die mehrlagige Fasermatte in die herzustellende Vorformling-Form umgeformt. Die im Spannrahmen eingespannte Fasermatte wird dabei durch die Werkzeughälften des Presswerkzeugs in die Presswerkzeugkavität gezogen. Die Fasermatte rutscht hierbei zwischen den sie einspannenden Spannrahmenteilen in die Werkzeugkavität nach. Dabei kann der Fall eintreten, dass die einzelnen Lagen der Fasermatte unterschiedlich stark nachrutschen, d. h. dass die einzelnen Lagen auch relativ zueinander verrutschen, was zu Faltenbildung führen kann. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass innere Lagen der Fasermatte bisweilen stärker nachrutschen als die beiden äußeren, unmittelbar an den Spannrahmenteilen anliegenden Lagen.To produce such a preform, a multi-layer fiber mat is clamped by means of a clamping frame between an upper tool and a lower tool of an open pressing tool. The tool cavity of the pressing tool corresponds to the shape of the preform to be produced. By closing the pressing tool, the multilayer fiber mat is shaped into the preform mold to be produced. The fiber mat clamped in the clamping frame is thereby pulled through the tool halves of the pressing tool into the pressing tool cavity. The fiber mat slips here between the clamping frame parts clamping it into the tool cavity. In this case, it can happen that the individual layers of the fiber mat slip differently, d. H. that the individual layers also slip relative to each other, which can lead to wrinkling. Experiments have shown that inner layers of the fiber mat sometimes slip more than the two outer, immediately adjacent to the clamping frame parts layers.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fasermaterial enthaltenden Vorformlings anzugeben, bei dem eine Faltenbildung möglichst vermieden wird.The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a fiber material containing preform, in which a wrinkling is avoided as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
Als Edukt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Fasermatte bereitgestellt, die mehrere Fasermaterial enthaltende Lagen aufweist. Bei dem Fasermaterial kann es sich um Strukturen handeln, die aus Kohlefasern, Glasfasern, Stahldrähten o. ä. zusammengesetzt sind. Die einzelnen Lagen können z. B. die Struktur eines Gewebes, eines Gewirks, eines Geleges o. ä. haben. Die einzelnen Lagen können im wesentlichen lose aufeinandergelegt oder miteinander vernäht oder in sonstiger Weise miteinander verbunden sein. Sie können auch miteinander mehr oder weniger lose verklebt sein.The starting material of the process according to the invention is a fiber mat which has several layers containing fiber material. The fibrous material may be structures composed of carbon fibers, glass fibers, steel wires or the like. The individual layers can z. B. the structure of a fabric, a knitted fabric, a Geleges o. Ä. Have. The individual layers may be substantially loosely stacked or sewn together or otherwise connected together. They can also be glued together more or less loosely.
Die Fasermatte wird über einen Spannrahmen gespannt bzw. in einen Spannrahmen eingespannt. Der Spannrahmen weist ein erstes Spannrahmenteil und ein zweites Spannrahmenteil auf, zwischen welche die Fasermatte eingespannt wird. Die Fasermatte wird in einem Bereich zwischen einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug eines geöffneten Presswerkzeugs aufgespannt. Durch Schließen des Presswerkzeugs wird die Fasermatte in eine Formkavität des Presswerkzeugs gezogen.The fiber mat is stretched over a clamping frame or clamped in a clamping frame. The clamping frame has a first clamping frame part and a second clamping frame part, between which the fiber mat is clamped. The fiber mat is clamped in a region between an upper tool and a lower tool of an open pressing tool. By closing the pressing tool, the fiber mat is pulled into a mold cavity of the pressing tool.
Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Fasermatte zwischen Berührflächen der Spannrahmenteile eingespannt wird, die uneben sind, wobei die Spannkraft, mit der die Spannrahmenteile die Fasermatte einspannen, so eingestellt wird, dass die Fasermatte beim Schließen des Presswerkzeugs in Richtung des Presswerkzeugs nachrutschen kann.The core of the invention is that the fiber mat is clamped between contact surfaces of the tensioning frame parts, which are uneven, wherein the clamping force with which the tensioning frame parts clamp the fiber mat is adjusted so that the fiber mat can slip in the direction of the pressing tool when closing the pressing tool ,
Vorzugsweise sind die Berührflächen der Spannrahmenteile so „profiliert” und die Spannkraft wird so eingestellt, dass beim Nachrutschen der Fasermatte die einzelnen Lagen im wesentlichen gleichmäßig nachrutschen. Unter „gleichmäßig” wird verstanden, dass die einzelnen Lagen „miteinander” nachrutschen, d. h. dass sie im wesentlichen nicht oder nur vergleichsweise wenig relativ zueinander verrutschen. Dadurch vermieden werden, dass innere Lagen der Fasermatte wesentlich stärker nachrutschen als die beiden äußeren Lagen, die an den beiden Berührflächen der Spannrahmenteile anliegen.Preferably, the contact surfaces of the clamping frame parts are "profiled" and the clamping force is adjusted so that slipping after slipping of the fiber mat, the individual layers substantially uniformly. By "evenly" is meant that the individual layers "slip" with each other, d. H. that they essentially do not slip or only relatively little relative to each other. This avoids that inner layers of the fiber mat slip much more than the two outer layers, which bear against the two contact surfaces of the tension frame parts.
Versuche haben gezeigt, dass ein gleichmäßiges oder relativ gleichmäßiges Nachrutschen der einzelnen Lagen der Fasermatte erreicht werden kann, wenn die Berührfläche des ersten Spannrahmenteils mindestens eine Erhebung und die damit zusammenwirkende Berührfläche des zweiten Spannrahmenteils eine der Erhebung zugeordnete, d. h. im wesentlichen komplementär zu der Erhebung gestaltete, nutartige Vertiefung aufweist. Die Fasermatte rutscht, vergleichbar mit einer Welle, zwischen den Berührflächen des Spannrahmenteils durch. Durch eine Gestaltung der Berührflächen in der Form „Erhebung, die in eine Nut „eingreift” wird eine lokale Erhöhung der Spannkraft bzw. der Flächenpressung erreicht, wodurch wiederum bewirkt wird, dass auch die inneren Lagen der Fasermatte hinreichend stark eingespannt werden und alle Lagen der Fasermatte in etwa „parallel”, d. h. in etwa gleich stark nachrutschen.Experiments have shown that a uniform or relatively even slipping of the individual layers of the fiber mat can be achieved if the contact surface of the first clamping frame part at least one survey and the cooperating contact surface of the second clamping frame part associated with the survey, d. H. having substantially complementary to the survey designed, groove-like depression. The fiber mat slips, comparable to a wave, between the contact surfaces of the clamping frame part. By a design of the contact surfaces in the form "survey that engages in a groove" a local increase in the clamping force or the surface pressure is achieved, which in turn causes the inner layers of the fiber mat are clamped sufficiently strong and all layers of the Fiber mat roughly "parallel", d. H. slipping in about the same amount.
Für die Herstellung von Vorformlingen, bei denen nur ein sehr geringes Nachrutschen der Fasermatte angestrebt wird, kann mit einem Spannrahmen gearbeitet werden, dessen Berührflächen verzahnungsartig ineinander greifen und mehrere Erhebungen bzw. Vertiefungen, die hintereinander angeordnet sind, aufweisen. Ein derartiges Profil ermöglicht sehr hohe Spannkräfte.For the production of preforms, in which only a very slight slipping of the fiber mat is desired, it is possible to work with a clamping frame whose contact surfaces mesh with one another in the manner of a tooth and have a plurality of elevations or depressions which are arranged one behind the other. Such a profile allows very high clamping forces.
Um eine Beschädigung der Fasermatte, insbesondere der äußeren Lagen der Fasermatte zu verhindern, sollten die Berührflächen der Spannrahmenteile glatt, gerundet und im Berührbereich mit der Fasermatte kantenlos ausgebildet sein. Je größer die Krümmungsradien der Erhebung bzw. der Erhebungen und der Vertiefung bzw. der Vertiefungen sind, umso leichter kann die Fasermatte während des Umformprozesses in die Werkzeugkavität gezogen werden.In order to prevent damage to the fiber mat, in particular the outer layers of the fiber mat, the contact surfaces of the clamping frame parts should be smooth, rounded and edged in the contact area with the fiber mat. The larger the radii of curvature of the elevation or of the elevations and of the depression or depressions, the easier it is for the fiber mat to be drawn into the mold cavity during the shaping process.
Die Herstellung eines derartigen Vorformlings kann in einem speziellen Vorformpresswerkzeug erfolgen, wobei der Spannrahmen unmittelbar an dem Presswerkzeug oder im Bereich des Presswerkzeugs angeordnet sein kann. In einem separaten Spritzwerkzeug, in das der Vorformling eingebracht wird, kann dann ein faserverstärktes Kunststoffteil hergestellt werden, wobei der Vorformling mit flüssigem Kunststoff, insbesondere mit flüssigem Kunstharz, umspritzt wird.The production of such a preform can be done in a special preforming die, wherein the clamping frame can be arranged directly on the pressing tool or in the region of the pressing tool. In a separate injection mold, in which the preform is introduced, then a fiber-reinforced plastic part can be produced, wherein the preform is overmolded with liquid plastic, in particular with liquid synthetic resin.
Alternativ dazu könnte auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Vorformling in einem kombinierten Press-/Spritzwerkzeug hergestellt wird, wobei in einem ersten Arbeitsschritt durch Schließen des Press-/Spritzwerkzeugs die Fasermatte in den Vorformling umgeformt wird und anschließend in ein demselben Werkzeug durch Einspritzen flüssigen Kunststoffs, insbesondere flüssigen Kunstharzes, ein faserverstärktes Kunststoffteil erzeugt wird.Alternatively, it could also be provided that the preform is produced in a combined press / injection tool, wherein in a first step by closing the press / injection tool, the fiber mat is formed into the preform and then into a same tool by injecting liquid plastic, in particular liquid synthetic resin, a fiber-reinforced plastic part is produced.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:In the following the invention will be explained in connection with the drawing. Show it:
Bei der Herstellung eines Vorformlings wird eine hier nicht näher dargestellte mehrlagige Fasermatte zwischen die beiden Spannrahmenteile
Claims (5)
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DE102010041179.5A DE102010041179B4 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2010-09-22 | Process for producing a fiber material preform |
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DE102010041179.5A DE102010041179B4 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2010-09-22 | Process for producing a fiber material preform |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012010497A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-27 | Daimler Ag | Stenter apparatus for arrangement of fiber assembly in two mold halves of press tool, has clamping device to receive fiber assembly and to provide clamping force normal to fiber direction |
DE102012021738A1 (en) | 2012-10-27 | 2014-04-30 | Daimler Ag | Producing preform, comprises providing fiber semifinished product formed as fiber mat comprising two layers, clamping fiber mat, in which individual layers of fiber mat are separately clamped, and forming fiber mat using forming device |
DE102013021574A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Audi Ag | Method and device for producing fiber composite structures |
DE102015107338A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | International Automotive Components Group Gmbh | Composite fiber mat for producing a carrier plate of a motor vehicle component and method for its production |
DE102016004047A1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-05 | Niebling Gmbh | Method and mold for hot forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
US10137647B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2018-11-27 | Compositence Gmbh | Method and device for manufacturing three-dimensional fiber fabrics and component preforms made of fibres in two steps |
CN113272120A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-08-17 | 西门子加美萨可再生能源服务有限公司 | Pultrusion with protrusions and grooves and method for producing the same |
US20220410506A1 (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | HÜBNER GmbH & Co. KG | Process for the production of a cover wall section of a flexible cover, and cover with a cover wall consisting of at least one cover wall section produced with the process |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014006930A1 (en) | 2014-05-10 | 2015-11-12 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a component made of fiber-reinforced plastic, and clamping frame for clamping a fiber mat |
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DE19922799A1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Composite plastic molding e.g. for vehicle floor pan, involves preforming tool to shape reinforcing fabric before placing it in molding tool |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012010497A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-27 | Daimler Ag | Stenter apparatus for arrangement of fiber assembly in two mold halves of press tool, has clamping device to receive fiber assembly and to provide clamping force normal to fiber direction |
DE102012021738A1 (en) | 2012-10-27 | 2014-04-30 | Daimler Ag | Producing preform, comprises providing fiber semifinished product formed as fiber mat comprising two layers, clamping fiber mat, in which individual layers of fiber mat are separately clamped, and forming fiber mat using forming device |
US10137647B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2018-11-27 | Compositence Gmbh | Method and device for manufacturing three-dimensional fiber fabrics and component preforms made of fibres in two steps |
DE102013021574B4 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2018-02-15 | Audi Ag | Apparatus for producing fiber composite structures |
DE102013021574A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Audi Ag | Method and device for producing fiber composite structures |
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DE102015107338A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | International Automotive Components Group Gmbh | Composite fiber mat for producing a carrier plate of a motor vehicle component and method for its production |
DE102016004047B4 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-19 | Niebling Gmbh | Method and mold for hot forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
WO2017174176A1 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | Niebling Gmbh | Method and molding tool for hot-forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
DE102016004047A1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-05 | Niebling Gmbh | Method and mold for hot forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
US11213994B2 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2022-01-04 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method and forming tool for hot-forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
US11794399B2 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2023-10-24 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method and forming tool for hot-forming a flat thermoplastic laminate |
CN113272120A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-08-17 | 西门子加美萨可再生能源服务有限公司 | Pultrusion with protrusions and grooves and method for producing the same |
US20220410506A1 (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | HÜBNER GmbH & Co. KG | Process for the production of a cover wall section of a flexible cover, and cover with a cover wall consisting of at least one cover wall section produced with the process |
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