DE102010033940A1 - Hydroelectric power plant and method for its assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water power plant, comprising the following components or features: a water turbine; - an electric generator with a rotor and a stator; - a shaft via which the water turbine and generator are in drive connection. The invention is characterized by the following features: adjustment means are provided for adjusting the radial distance between rotor and stator during assembly; - The adjustment means can be removed after assembly.

Description

The invention relates to a hydropower plant and a method for its assembly. The invention particularly relates to an underwater power plant, for example a tidal power plant or a water turbine. As an example, the object of the invention will be explained on a tidal power plant.

In a stream of water freestanding underwater power plant, especially for power generation from a tidal current, are known. A typical design included a propeller-type water turbine revolving on a nacelle. In this case, the nacelle is carried by a foundation structure based on the riverbed or held as a buoyant unit by anchoring at a predetermined depth. For a sufficiently large training such underwater power plants already relatively slow currents can be exploited for energy. For this purpose, an electric generator is typically provided in the nacelle, which is at least indirectly driven by the water turbine.

In order to dispense with a maintenance-prone transmission in the drive train of the underwater power plant, directly driven electric generators have been proposed, the resulting slow speed of the generator rotor is compensated by its hochpolige training. However, the electrical generators resulting from this approach for a generic underwater power plant are large-scale and heavy. This leads to a high assembly cost, in particular for on-site assembly aboard a watercraft or at the installation of the system.

Furthermore, high performance permanent magnets are used to form the high-pole generator rotor, so there is a need to provide a permanent magnet fuse for transporting and handling a generator rotor. In addition, a system concept with a watertight encapsulated electric generator with an enclosing housing and a shaft seal further aggravates the assembly.

Similar hydropower plants have become known WO 2007/125349 A2 and WO 2007/017629 A1 , From these documents, a shaft bearing is apparent, which is arranged in the axial direction seen on both sides of the electric generator. For such a construction, the bearing adjustment is usually made with a generator rotor mounted on the drive shaft. In this case, the weight of the electric generator in the storage adjustment is a hindrance. Furthermore, unwanted magnetic forces can have a disturbing influence on the centering of the components to be stored and the bearing adjustment, in particular in the case of a generator rotor design with permanent magnets. Mounting devices are needed.

WO 2010/003604 describes an underwater power plant in the form of a gondola. In this case, the turbine is arranged in a first nacelle section, and the generator in a second. The generator and the generator housing form a separate generator unit. This can be handled and assembled as a whole. The generator is delivered fully assembled by the manufacturer. The question of a montage thus does not arise for the operator.

The invention has the object of providing a generic hydropower plant in such a way that its assembly is improved in terms of the transport and handling of individual components and the merging and adjustment, in particular the Lagerjustage, the system components simplified.

The object underlying the invention is solved by the features of the independent claims. Accordingly, adjusting means are provided for adjusting the radial distance between the rotor and the stator. The adjustment means can be introduced before or during assembly, and removed after assembly.

• – Die Generator-Baueinheit ist wiederum als Ganzes handhabbar und montierbar. Der Betreiber des Generators benötigt somit keine Montagevorrichtungen.
• – Die drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Turbine und der Welle sowie zwischen der Generator-Baueinheit und der Welle ist eine Steckverbindung.
• – Die hierbei miteinander zusammenarbeitenden Bauteile sind derart bemessen, dass die Verbindung eine reibschlüssige ist, und die im Betrieb auftretenden Drehmomente übertragen kann.

Another idea of the invention is as follows:

• - The generator unit is in turn manageable and mountable as a whole. The operator of the generator thus requires no mounting devices.
• - The non-rotatable connection between the turbine and the shaft and between the generator assembly and the shaft is a plug connection.
• - The cooperating with each other components are dimensioned such that the connection is a frictional, and can transmit the torques occurring during operation.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. The following is shown in detail:

1 shows a hydropower plant in the assembled state in an axial section.

2 shows the item of 1 in an exploded view.

3 shows the turbine housing from the 1 and 2 in an enlarged view.

4 shows the electric generator from the 1 and 2 in an enlarged view.

5 again shows in an enlarged view an adjusting device for adjusting the mutual axial distance of the stator and rotor of the electric generator.

6 shows the wave out of the 1 and 2 in an enlarged view.

7.1 - 7.6 illustrate the individual process steps for mounting the hydropower plant according to 1 ,

In the 1 Hydropower plant shown includes the following elements: The turbine 1 is designed as a tubular turbine in propeller design. It has several propeller blades 1.1 on. These can be variable pitch propellers. turbine 1 has a discharge hood 1.2 on.

The electric generator 2 includes a rotor 2.1 and a stator 2.2 , The rotor 2.1 is located radially inside the stator 2.2 , This could be the other way around. rotor 2.1 is occupied by a plurality of permanent magnets.

It also recognizes a wave 3 , This provides a mechanical drive connection between turbine in the assembled state 1 and generator 2 ago.

An important component is the turbine housing 4 , This has an inlet structure 4.1 on, also an outlet pipe 4.2 , The turbine housing 4 fulfills two functions. Above all, it carries the wave 3 , the turbine 1 and the generator 2 , Then meets the inlet structure 4.1 of the housing 4 the hydraulic function of the supply of incoming water to the turbine 1 ,

A flow hood 2.3 is on the stator 2.2 attached and ensures a separation of the machine interior from the environment.

The exploded view according to 2 makes the individual components even more accurate. Important is the design of the turbine housing 4 , The central component for mounting is the shaft 3 as well as the turbine housing 4 , The turbine housing 4 has a radial bearing 5.1 and a thrust bearing 5.2 on. The shaft has a radial bearing 6.1 and a thrust bearing 6.2 on. thrust 6.2 is on a side surface of a covenant 6 arranged, see also 3 ,

Out 5 one recognizes said device for positioning rotor 2.1 and stator 2.2 relative to each other. The rotor 2.1 of the generator 2 becomes the manufacturer in the stator 2.2 pre-assembled and by means of several screws 9 kept in a centered position. At the two end shields 2.2.2 (here only an end plate shown) of the stator 2.2 are three screws 9 arranged distributed. It is therefore a total of six screws 9 , This is the rotor sleeve 2.1.1 in the stator 2.2 held. There is thus a precise and reliable positioning of the rotor 2.1 and stator 2.2 relative to each other.

The radially inner end of each set screw 9 is designed as a pen. This engages in an annular groove in the rotor sleeve 2.1.1 one. The set screws are installed by the manufacturer during assembly of the generator and removed after assembly.

After installation, the set screws are removed again.

It can also be used more or less than three screws.

In general, other means for adjusting the radial distance of the rotor 2.1 and stator 2.2 , conceivable, for example, wedges.

radial bearings 5.1 works with radial bearings 6.1 together, and thrust bearing 5.2 with thrust bearing 6.2 ,

The wave 3 wears another fret 7 with paragraph 7.1 , Federation 7 is dimensioned such that its outer diameter of the clear width of a sleeve 2.1.1 of the rotor 2.1 equivalent.

The one end of the stator 2.2 carries holding pins 2.2.1 , These grip during assembly in corresponding holes in a support ring 8th of L-shaped profile. See also 4 ,

The transmission of torque between the shaft 3 and the generator 2 done by friction between these two. See the mentioned bearings 5.1 to 5.3 , as with reference to 2 and 3 described.

The wave 3 transmits the forces through the bearings mentioned in the housing parts, and the torque of the turbine 1 to the generator 2 ,

The tread coating used is a flame-sprayed and subsequently ground hard coating. The following properties are decisive for the function of the bearings: the hardness, the surface quality, the form and bearing tolerances of the hard layer. But also the tightness is important, namely for corrosion resistance. Therefore, on the shaft under the hard layer a layer can be applied which is puncture and corrosion resistant and consists for example of stainless steel.

The assembly of the entire power plant results from the 7.1 to 7.6 ,

In detail, the following process steps are carried out:
7.1 again shows the turbine housing 4 , It is set up vertically. The inlet structure points upwards. For this purpose, smaller mounting platforms or scaffolding are used.

In this position, the thrust bearings 5.1 be positioned.

7.2 illustrates the insertion of the shaft into the housing 4 , in the inlet area, until the thrust bearing 5.2 and 6.2 abut each other under pressure. At the same time, the radial bearings are at the same time 5.1 and 6.1 with. The wave 3 requires no further centering and does not need to be further set up as it is centered over the radial bearing seat. However, it must be coaxial with the radial bearing shell 6.1 be positioned. The fine adjustment, can be done by means of a feeler gauge.

According to 7.3 now becomes the generator 2 on the wave 3 postponed. The generator is in delivery condition with rotor 2.1 , A centering is not necessary because the radial positioning of the parts via the radial bearing shell takes place. This is the rotor sleeve 2.1.1 on the bunch 7 deferred, whereby a frictional engagement between these two is made.

Now the rear radial bearing is mounted - see 7.4 , there the circled parts, namely a support ring 8th and the end of the wave 3 ,

Again, care must be taken that the shaft is coaxial with the support ring 8th runs. As stated above, the set screws 9 removed after completion of the bearing assembly.

As a further step follows the assembly of the rotor of the turbine 1 - please refer 7.5 , For this purpose, the previously mounted unit is turned upside down so that the inlet structure 4.1 pointing down.

The rotor can be mounted and mounted without difficulty. There is enough space for this. Aligning is not necessary.

According to 7.6 the unit mounted so far is in turn twisted so that the inlet structure 4.1 points upwards. Now the Anströmhaube 2.3 mounted, possibly also peripheral systems within the Anströmhaube 2.3 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

water turbine

1.1

turbine blades

1.2

Abströmhaube

2

generator

2.1

rotor

2.1.1

rotor sleeve

2.2

stator

2.2.1

retaining pins

2.2.2

end shield

2.3

Anströmhaube

3

wave

4

turbine housing

4.1

inlet structure

4.2

outlet pipe

5.1

radial bearings

5.2

thrust

6

close to the turbine

6.1

radial bearings

6.2

thrust

7

Turbine remote covenant

7.1

paragraph

8th

support ring

9

screw

9.1

locknut

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2007/125349 A2 [0005]
• WO 2007/017629 A1 [0005]
• WO 2010/003604 [0006]

Claims (8)

Hydropower plant comprising the following components or features: 1.1 a water turbine ( 1 ); 1.2 an electric generator ( 2 ) with a rotor ( 2.1 ) and a stator ( 2.2 ); 1.3 a wave ( 3 ), via the water turbine ( 1 ) and generator ( 2 ) are in drive connection; characterized by the following features: 1.4 there are adjustment means ( 9 ) for adjusting the radial distance between rotor ( 2.1 ) and stator ( 2.2 ) provided during assembly; 1.5 the adjustment means ( 9 ) are removable after assembly. Hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, characterized by the following features: 2.1 the adjusting means ( 9 ) comprise adjusting screws ( 9 ) for screwing into the thread of the stator ( 2.2 ); 2.2 the threads are arranged so that the set screws ( 9 ) in the screwed-in state for adjusting the mutual radial distance between the rotor ( 2.1 ) and stator ( 2.2 ) Hydroelectric power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that in at least one of two end shields ( 2.2.2 ) of the stator ( 2.2 .) Threaded bushes ( 2.2.2 ) for screwing in the screws ( 9 ) are provided. Hydroelectric power plant according to claim 3, characterized by the following features: 4.1 a turbine housing ( 4 ) that the turbine ( 1 ) and in the flow direction in front of the turbine ( 1 ) an inlet structure ( 4.1 ) and behind the turbine ( 1 ) an outlet pipe ( 4.2 ) having; 4.2 the turbine housing ( 4 ) has a radial bearing ( 5.1 ) into which the wave ( 3 ) is inserted, and forms a seat with this; 4.3 the turbine housing ( 4 ) has a radial bearing ( 5.2 ), with one out of the shaft ( 3 ) formed counter bearing ( 6.2 ) works together; 4.4. the wave ( 3 ) indicates at its the turbine ( 1 ) opposite end a radial bearing ( 5.3 ) on. Hydroelectric power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaft ( 3 ) from a turbine-close collar ( 6 ), which is a thrust bearing ( 6.2 ), which in turn bears with the thrust bearing ( 5.1 ) of the housing ( 4 ) works together. Hydroelectric power plant according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the shaft ( 3 ) from a turbine remote from the federal government ( 7 ) surrounding a radially inner sleeve ( 2.1.1 ) of the rotor ( 2.1 ) wearing. Hydroelectric power plant according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the stator ( 2.2 ) at its turbine remote end a support ring ( 8th ) bearing a bearing for the shaft ( 3 ). Method for assembling a hydroelectric power plant according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized by the following method steps: 8.1 the shaft ( 3 ) is placed in the housing ( 4 ), in the inlet region, to the mutual abutment of the thrust bearing ( 5.2 . 6.2 ); 8.2 the generator ( 2 ) is on the shaft ( 3 ) postponed; 8.3 a support ring ( 8th ) is pushed onto the end of the shaft facing away from the turbine housing; 8.4 the rotor of the turbine ( 1 ) is rotatably connected to the shaft.

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