DE102010023261A1 - Switchable shaft-hub connection, has coupling part inserted into space between shafts such that teeth of coupling part are engaged with internal gears of sleeve shaft, and gears of coupling part are engaged with teeth of solid shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The connection has a solid shaft (2) comprising external teeth (7) and a sleeve shaft (1) with internal gears (5). The solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the sleeve shaft. A coupling part (8) is inserted into a space between the shafts such that external teeth (10) of the coupling part are engaged with the internal gears of the sleeve shaft. Internal gears (9) of the coupling part are engaged with the external teeth of the solid shaft for passage of torque of the solid shaft to the sleeve shaft. The teeth are designed according to DIN 5680. The teeth are involute gears or splines. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a tape device comprising an auxiliary drive (2) a method for operating a switchable shaft-hub connection.

Description

The invention relates to a switchable shaft-hub connection and a device, comprising a main drive and a switchable as a replacement drive or auxiliary drive auxiliary drive.

It is known in shaft-hub connection a hollow shaft, so hub to connect to a shaft, in particular solid shaft.

From the DE 199 57 062 64 a clutch is known, wherein a replacement path for torque transmission is activated in case of failure of a main transmission path.

The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the environment.

According to the invention the object is achieved in the switchable shaft-hub connection according to claim 1 and in the device, comprising a main drive and a switchable as a replacement drive or auxiliary drive auxiliary drive, according to the features specified in claim 8.

Important features of the invention in the switchable shaft-hub connection are that it has a solid shaft with external teeth and a hollow shaft with internal teeth,
wherein the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft,
wherein a coupling part, which has an outer toothing and an inner toothing, can be inserted into a clearance between the hollow shaft and the solid shaft, so that the outer toothing of the coupling part can be brought into engagement with the inner toothing of the hollow shaft and the inner toothing of the coupling part can engage with the outer toothing of the solid shaft,
in particular for passing a torque from the solid shaft to the hollow shaft.

The advantage here is that in case of failure of a main drive, a replacement drive can be switched on and thus the life of the system is extended. As a result, the environmental protection is improved, since a renewal of the system only after prolonged service life is necessary.

In an advantageous embodiment, the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft by means of a ball bearing, groove bearing, another rolling bearing or by means of a sliding bearing. The advantage here is that the solid shaft and thus that transmission to which the solid shaft output shaft is storable in the hollow shaft. In order to avoid the turning of the gearbox with the solid shaft with solid shaft coupled to the hollow shaft, a torque support for the gearbox is necessary. The solid shaft is in the switched-off state of the compound, so clutch, freely rotatable within the hollow shaft.

In an advantageous embodiment, the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft, so that the outer teeth of the solid shaft and the inner teeth of the hollow shaft cover at least one axial portion together. The advantage here is that the coupling part is axially compact executable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coupling part is arranged to be axially displaceable, in particular by means of an actuating means, in particular a manually operable or by means of an electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically operable linear actuator. The advantage here is that a back and forth of the coupling part is simple or automated and therefore executable depending on sensor signals.

In an advantageous embodiment, the teeth are involute or splined, in particular executed according to DIN 5680 , The advantage here is that a simple cost-effective production of the teeth is executable. In addition, the bearing capacity of the splines is large and the play is small or absent.

In an advantageous embodiment, the axial displacement of the coupling part is effected by a control electronics, in particular by means of an actuator, wherein the control electronics with a means for detecting a rotational speed, in particular the solid shaft and / or the hollow shaft, and / or a transmitted between solid shaft and hollow shaft torque is connected, in particular for detecting the relative between solid shaft and hollow shaft speed,
in particular, whereby insertion of the coupling part is effected by the control electronics only when falling below a critical value of the detected variable. The advantage here is that when detecting the failure of the main drive and falling below the critical value thus the connection takes place, so that when switching no dangerous load on the coupling part occurs.

In an advantageous embodiment, the axial length of the internal toothing of the hollow shaft is greater than the axial length of the solid shaft, in particular solid shaft and hollow shaft are arranged axially relative to each other, that at axial insertion of the coupling part in the gap first, the external teeth of the coupling part with the internal teeth of the hollow shaft and then the internal teeth of the coupling part with the external teeth of the solid shaft is engaged. The advantage here is that initially the low-mass Coupling part is brought to speed, that is synchronized or angular position aligned and positively connected to the hollow shaft and then a coupling to the solid shaft, so positive connection of the coupling part with the solid shaft occurs. In this case, the speed is small, so that when threading the teeth of the internal teeth of the coupling part in tooth gaps of the external teeth of the solid shaft a very fast axial movement of the coupling part can be achieved, especially within a game occurring during threading. The relative speed between solid shaft and hollow shaft is correspondingly low.

Important features of the device, comprising a main drive and an auxiliary drive which can be engaged as a replacement drive or auxiliary drive, are that the auxiliary drive has a solid shaft, which can be engaged by means of a switchable shaft-hub connection, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims,
wherein the hollow shaft of the switchable shaft-hub connection is driven by the main drive.

The advantage here is that the hollow shaft is connected to the output of the main drive and after the failure of the auxiliary drive can be engaged by the arranged in the hollow shaft solid shaft of the shaft-hub connection is switched on.

In an alternative embodiment, solid shaft and hollow shaft is provided reversed.

In an advantageous embodiment, the device is a belt drive. The advantage here is that on both sides of a drive belt can be mounted on rockers, one of the drives of the main drive and the other is the auxiliary drive.

• – Werte einer Größe, wie die Drehzahl der Welle und/oder Nabe und/oder das übertragene Drehmoment, erfasst werden, insbesondere in zeitlichen Abständen wiederholend,
• – bei Versagen des Hauptantriebs und Unterschreitens eines kritischen Wertes der Größe das Schalten der Verbindung ausgeführt wird,
• – insbesondere wobei in einem ersten Schritt die Außenverzahnung eines Kupplungsteils mit der Innenverzahnung der Nabe, also Hohlwelle, in Eingriff gebracht wird und in einem nachfolgenden Schritt die Innenverzahnung des Kupplungsteils mit der Innenverzahnung der Welle, also Vollwelle, in Eingriff gebracht wird.

Important features in the method for operating a switchable shaft-hub connection are that

• Values of a variable, such as the rotational speed of the shaft and / or hub and / or the transmitted torque, are detected, in particular repetitively at intervals,
• In the case of failure of the main drive and below a critical value of the size, switching of the connection is carried out,
• - In particular, wherein in a first step, the external teeth of a coupling part with the internal toothing of the hub, that is, hollow shaft is engaged and in a subsequent step, the internal teeth of the coupling part with the internal teeth of the shaft, ie solid shaft, is brought into engagement.

The advantage here is that a connection is secured, so that the coupling part and the teeth remain protected. Thus, the environmental protection is increased, in particular also because the wear of the coupling part is reduced by the said protective measures.

Further advantages emerge from the subclaims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features of the claims. For the skilled person, further meaningful combination possibilities of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or figures, in particular from the task and / or posing by comparison with the prior art task arise.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:
In the 1 the components of a shaft-hub connection according to the invention are shown.

Here is a hollow shaft 1 equipped with two storage areas for storage of a solid shaft 2 , The bearings can be designed as slide bearings and / or as groove bearings.

In the 1 are the storage areas ( 3 . 4 ) symbolized on the hollow shaft.

When inserting the solid shaft 2 in the hollow shaft 1 come on the shaft 2 arranged bearing seats ( 3 . 4 ) in operative connection with the arranged on the hollow shaft bearing areas ( 3 . 4 ), in particular from an intended axial insertion position.

The insertion is completed when the external teeth 7 the full wave 2 completely axially into the internal toothing 5 the hollow shaft 1 is inserted. These two gears are not engaged. Because the smallest inner diameter of the hollow shaft 1 in the toothed area of the internal toothing 5 is greater than the largest outer diameter in the toothing area of the external toothing 7 ,

Only by axial insertion of the coupling part 8th is a coupling of the two waves ( 1 . 2 ) executable. This is the coupling part 8th with an internal toothing 9 and an external toothing 10 executed. It is in between the full wave 2 and hollow shaft 1 inserted state of the coupling part 8th the external toothing 10 of the coupling part 8th with the internal toothing 5 is engaged, so that torque is transferable. Also, in between is the full wave 2 and hollow shaft 1 inserted state of the coupling part 8th the internal toothing 9 of the coupling part 8th with the external teeth 7 is engaged, so that torque is transferable.

The coupling part 8th is by means of an actuating means 11 displaceable. This actuator 11 is either manually operable or by means of an actuator which is controlled by an electronic control unit, which is a coupling of the coupling part 8th only below a critical speed difference between solid shaft and hollow shaft permits. For this purpose, preferably at least one means for detecting the speed of at least one shaft ( 1 . 2 ) connected to the control electronics.

In the 1 is denoted by reference numeral A, the axial difference in length between the front edge of the internal teeth of the hollow shaft and the front edge outer toothing of the coupling part, said difference in length allows an anticipatory contacting of the coupling part during insertion. In this case, the front edge means the axially delimiting, axial position of the axial region covered by the respective toothing facing the coupling part. This range limit of the internal toothing of the hollow shaft is suitable for a so-called anticipatory contact with the external toothing of the coupling part with respect to the lagging contact of the internal toothing of the coupling part with the external toothing of the solid shaft.

At the beginning of the coupling of the coupling part 8th between the waves ( 1 . 2 ) comes the coupling part 8th initially only with its external teeth 10 in engagement with the internal toothing 5 the hollow shaft 1 , Thus, the coupling part is rotated with the hollow shaft 1 , Upon further axial insertion of the coupling part 8th comes the internal toothing 9 of the coupling part 8th with the external teeth 7 the full wave 2 engages and transmits torque. Here, the relative rotational speed and in particular the torque is chosen to be as small as possible, so that even at low axial overlap of the gears no too large torque, ie a dangerous for the teeth of the teeth torque occurs.

The teeth are preferably designed as splined after DIN 5480 ,

The external toothing 7 the full wave 2 is disposed at its first axial end portion and preferably integral with the solid shaft 2 executed, so incorporated into this.

The full wave 2 has at its second axial end portion which of the outer toothing 7 facing away end of the shaft 2 is arranged, a flange 6 for connection to a rotating part of a machine or plant to be driven.

The hollow shaft 1 is preferably with the as a solid shaft 2 executed output shaft of a transmission connectable. By means of the coupling part 8th Thus, the transmission is switchable and thus the machine or system drivable by the transmission.

The internal toothing 5 the hollow shaft 1 has a greater axial length than the outer toothing 7 the full wave 2 ,

The full wave 2 is via the bearings at the storage areas ( 3 . 4 ) in the hollow shaft 1 stored.

Preferably, the transmission is mounted on a rocker, in particular together with an electric motor which drives the driving shaft of the transmission. The full wave 2 is with the coupling part removed 8th in the hollow shaft 1 freely rotatable.

Thus, therefore, two drives can be provided on the machine or plant, wherein a main drive drives the machine or system and the transmission is covered by an auxiliary drive. The hollow shaft 1 The transmission is connected to the machine in such a way that when the main drive is operated, the hollow shaft 1 is rotated, that is driven by the output shaft of the main drive. This is due to the rotatable mounting of the solid shaft 2 in the hollow shaft 1 the full wave 2 not turned.

After failure of the main drive is the coupling part 8th axially retractable and thus the auxiliary drive as a replacement drive for the main drive can be activated and activated. This will then the hollow shaft 1 from the full wave 2 driven by the transmission.

In further embodiments of the invention is full wave and hollow shaft reversed, so the hollow shaft driven the output shaft of the transmission of the auxiliary drive and the solid shaft in the off state of the main drive.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hollow shaft

2

Solid shaft

3

bearing seat

4

bearing seat

5

internal gearing

6

flange

7

external teeth

8th

coupling part

9

internal gearing

10

external teeth

11

Actuating means for axial displacement

A

axial length difference between the internal teeth of the hollow shaft and external teeth of the coupling part

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 1995706264 [0003]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 5680 [0011]
• DIN 5480 [0030]

Claims (11)

Switchable shaft-hub connection, comprising a solid shaft with external teeth and a hollow shaft with internal teeth, characterized in that the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft, wherein a coupling part which has an external toothing and an internal toothing, in a space between the hollow shaft and solid shaft can be inserted, so that the external toothing of the coupling part with the internal toothing of the hollow shaft and the internal toothing of the coupling part with the external toothing of the solid shaft can be brought into engagement, in particular for passing a torque from the solid shaft to the hollow shaft. Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft by means of a ball bearing, groove bearing, another rolling bearing or by means of a sliding bearing. Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid shaft is rotatably mounted in the hollow shaft, so that the external teeth of the solid shaft and the internal teeth of the hollow shaft cover at least one axial portion together, Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling part is arranged axially displaceable, in particular by means of an actuating means, in particular a manually operable or by means of an electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically operable linear actuator. Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth are involute gears or splines, in particular designed according to DIN 5680. Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial displacement of the coupling part is effected by a control electronics, in particular by means of an actuator, wherein the control electronics is connected to a means for detecting a rotational speed, in particular the solid shaft and / or the hollow shaft, and / or a transmitted between solid shaft and hollow shaft torque, in particular for detecting the relative between solid shaft and hollow shaft speed, in particular, whereby insertion of the coupling part is effected by the control electronics only when falling below a critical value of the detected variable. Shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial length of the internal toothing of the hollow shaft is greater than the axial length of the solid shaft, in particular solid shaft and hollow shaft are arranged axially relative to each other, that during axial insertion of the coupling part in the clearance first the external teeth of the coupling part with the internal teeth of the hollow shaft and then the internal teeth of the coupling part with the external teeth of the solid shaft comes into engagement. Device comprising a main drive and an auxiliary drive which can be engaged as a replacement drive or auxiliary drive, wherein the auxiliary drive has a solid shaft, which is connectable by means of a switchable shaft-hub connection, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the hollow shaft of the switchable shaft-hub connection is driven by the main drive. Device comprising a main drive and an auxiliary drive which can be engaged as a replacement drive or auxiliary drive, wherein the auxiliary drive has a hollow shaft, which is connectable by means of a switchable shaft-hub connection, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the solid shaft of the switchable shaft-hub connection is driven by the main drive, in particular in the off state, in which the auxiliary drive is decoupled from the main drive. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is a belt drive. Method for operating a switchable shaft-hub connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - Values of a variable, such as the rotational speed of the shaft and / or hub and / or the transmitted torque, are detected, in particular at intervals repeating , - in case of failure of the main drive and falling below a critical value of the size, the switching of the connection is carried out, - in particular wherein in a first step, the external teeth of a coupling part with the internal teeth of the hub, ie hollow shaft, is engaged and in a subsequent step the Internal toothing of the coupling part with the Internal toothing of the shaft, that is, solid shaft, is brought into engagement.

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