DE102010005512A1 - Roller bearing e.g. taper roller bearing, for storing shafts in switching- or steering gears of motor cars, has board comprising border ring actuatable by actuator, and stationary supporting board integrally formed with inner bearing ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The bearing (1) has inner and outer bearing rings (3, 4) between which rolling members (5) e.g. needles, cylindrical rollers and taper rollers, are arranged, where one of raceways (7a, 7b) is defined by a board (11) that axially guides the rolling members. The board has an axially movable border ring (15) actuatable by an actuator (21). The board has an additional stationary supporting board (17) integrally formed with the inner ring. The actuator formed as a mechanical spring (23), a gas-filled support or a hydraulic fitting with a spring system is supported at a supporting element (25).

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a rolling bearing with an inner bearing ring, an outer bearing ring and a plurality of rolling elements, which are arranged between these bearing rings and roll on introduced into the bearing races raceways, wherein at least one career of at least one rolling elements axially leading board is limited, and wherein the board comprises at least one movable flange which can be actuated by an actuator.

Background of the invention

Rolling of the type mentioned in itself are known. They are used for the storage of movable mechanical components, such as for shafts in shift or steering gears of motor vehicles. There are various ways to guide the rolling elements during rolling axially by Borde so that the rolling bearing is adapted as well as possible to the respective force in the rolling bearing. In the case of cylindrical and tapered roller bearings, a radially aligned rim is formed on at least one of the bearing rings at the end, which can receive and forward axial forces acting on the rolling elements. Although these shelves are very advantageous, they still cause additional bearing friction, which reduces their efficiency in an operation of such a machine equipped. In addition, the friction of the rolling elements on the at least one board to the fact that the so-called breakaway torque at the beginning of the bearing rotation is higher than in bordless bearings.

Against this background is the expert from the DE 10 2006 048 079 A1 a radial cylindrical roller bearing known in which cylindrical rollers are arranged between an inner ring and an outer ring. One of the two bearing rings has a radially oriented fixed board, on which the cylindrical rollers can be axially supported when an axial force component acts. At the axially other end of this bearing ring this has a flange, which is axially adjustable by means of an actuator. The radially opposite other bearing ring is formed without radial edges. By means of the axially displaceable flange ring and the actuator, the cylindrical rollers can be braced against the other bearing ring, that backlash and / or a minimum load is achieved. As a result, the friction of the rolling elements on the fixed board can be varied, but both the friction surfaces of the stationary board and the flange are constant sizes.

Object of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a rolling bearing of the type mentioned, in which the friction of the rolling elements on the at least one board other than in the from DE 10 2006 048 079 A1 known radial cylindrical roller bearing is adjustable.

Summary of the invention

The invention is based on the finding that the friction on the at least one board of the bearing ring is inter alia dependent on the radial height in which the end face of the rolling elements rubbing against each other with the opposite end face of the board. If this board is formed radially in two parts, with an axially fixed board and a coaxial to this and axially movable flange ring, then it should be possible to use the fixed board alone with low axial forces and the axially movable rim ring only when exposed to larger To apply axial forces for the transmission of the same to the end face of the rolling elements. In this way, the friction of the Wälzköper on the bearing board is dependent on the bearing load adjustable, so that in particular the breakaway torque of such a trained bearing can be reduced compared to known solutions.

According to the features of the main claim, the invention is therefore based on a rolling bearing with an inner bearing ring, an outer bearing ring and a plurality of rolling elements, which are arranged between these bearing rings and roll on introduced into the bearing races raceways, wherein at least one career of at least one Rolling body axially leading board is limited, and wherein the board comprises at least one operable by an actuator movable rim ring. To achieve the object, it is provided that this board has, in addition to the movable flange ring, a stationary support board integrally formed with the bearing ring.

In the rolling bearing according to the invention the board is therefore designed in several parts, wherein a part of the board is formed by the integrally formed with the bearing ring and therefore stationary support board and the other part of the operable by the actuator and therefore movable rim ring. The stationary support board ensures that there is always an axial guide for the rolling elements, while the movable flange ring can be additionally applied to the associated end face of the rolling elements when higher axial forces act on the bearing.

The movable rim ring can in this case basically in the axial and in the radial Move direction. In a preferred embodiment of the rolling bearing according to the invention, however, the movable flange ring is designed to be axially movable.

The moving flange ring actuated actuator can be realized in various ways. Thus, in a first exemplary embodiment of the rolling bearing according to the invention, the actuator is designed as a mechanical spring, which is supported on a support element, for example as a disk spring. In a further embodiment, the actuator is designed as a gas spring or as a hydraulically resilient system. The aforementioned embodiments have in common that the mobility of the rim ring can be adapted very precisely to the particular force introduction into the rolling bearing by a suitable choice of spring hardness.

The system according to the invention of the rim ring and the actuator which actuates the rim ring can be used both in single-row and multi-row roller bearings. In one embodiment of the invention, the rolling elements are arranged in a plurality of rows, which are each assigned a movable flange and coaxial with a stationary board.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the movable flange rings can be actuated independently of each other, but depending on the respective application of force, preferably by the axial force introduction into the rolling bearing of the actuators. In this embodiment, the number of effective options is very large, since each movable flange can be operated individually.

The system according to the invention of the movable rim ring and the actuator which actuates the rim ring can be realized on the inner race of the roller bearing, on the outer race of the rolling bearing or on both raceways. In addition, said system can be realized on one axial side of a raceway as well as on both axial sides of a raceway.

In a further embodiment of the invention, said system of the rim ring and the actuator actuating the rim ring is formed only on one axial side of the inner raceway. This embodiment of the rolling bearing according to the invention has a particularly simple structure.

If the movable rim ring engages with the rolling elements as a result of an actuation by the actuator, a significant variable determining this engagement is the friction present between the rolling body engagement surface of the movable rim ring and the rolling body. This friction can be influenced in various ways.

Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a rolling body engagement surface of the movable rim ring has a friction-influencing geometry. In a further embodiment of the invention, the rolling body engagement surface of the movable rim ring has a friction-influencing coating. Whether these two options are used individually or in combination depends on the respective field of use of the rolling bearing according to the invention and the force introduction occurring in the process.

As a rule, the term "friction-influencing" designates a reduction of the friction, but in special cases it can also designate an increase in the same.

The above described for the movable rim ring applies accordingly also for the stationary support board. Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a rolling body engagement surface of the stationary support board has a friction-influencing geometry. In a further embodiment of the invention, the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche the stationary support board on a friction-influencing coating. Again, the choice of the respective friction-influencing agent on the application of the rolling bearing and the resulting force application depends.

The rolling bearing according to the invention can be designed both as a roller bearing without bearing cage as well as a rolling bearing with bearing cage. In one embodiment of the invention, a bearing cage is provided by which the rolling elements are held at predetermined distances from each other. This offers an additional possibility to guide the rolling elements when rolling on the raceways. Therefore, the movable rim ring can also be designed to act on a frontal end of the cage, provided that it is stable enough to forward those axial forces that can not or should not be absorbed by the stationary support board.

From all of this it is clear that the rolling bearing according to the invention offers a variety of ways to control the rolling elements. The rolling elements can be formed here as needles, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers or in other ways.

Brief description of the drawing

In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In it shows the only figure one Part longitudinal section through a tapered roller bearing with a stationary support board and a coaxially arranged above movable flange.

Detailed description of the drawing

The single FIGURE shows an embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the invention 1 , which is designed as a tapered roller bearing. The rolling bearing 1 has an inner bearing ring 3 , an outer bearing ring 4 and a plurality of tapered rolling elements 5 on. The rolling elements 5 are in a cage 9 recorded and held by this at a distance from each other. The rolling elements 5 roll on raceways 7a . 7b off, on the inner ring 3 or on the outer ring 4 are formed.

The in the inner bearing ring 3 introduced career 7a is at least on the one (in the figure right) side of a board 11 limited. The board 11 represents for the career 7 rolling rolling elements 5 an axial guide ready, that is, it limits a movement of the rolling elements 5 in the direction of the axis of rotation 13 the rolling elements 5 to one side (in the figure to the right).

The board 11 is formed in two parts according to the invention. It comprises a radially comparatively short support board 17 and a movable rim ring 15 , wherein the movable rim ring 15 coaxial over the support board 17 is arranged. The support board 17 is an integral part of the inner bearing ring 3 that is, it is with respect to the inner bearing ring 3 stationary. The movable rim ring 15 is in contrast with respect to the inner bearing ring 3 movable. The mobility of the mobile rim ring 15 is a substantially axial mobility, as by an arrow 19 is indicated. The movement of the mobile rim ring 15 concerning the support board 17 takes place in the form of a sliding displacement of the movable rim ring 15 on the support board 17 ,

Due to the arrangement of the movable rim ring 15 radially close to the axis of rotation 13 rolling elements 5 is the effective area for transmitting an axial force from the rolling elements 5 over the movable rim ring 15 on another component 25 advantageously arranged there where lower relative velocities between the end face of the rolling elements and the rim ring 15 available. In addition, the distance traveled at a Wälzkörperumdrehung friction is close to the axis of rotation 13 the rolling elements 5 shorter than further radially outside. For these reasons caused the rim ring 15 in the transmission of axial forces at the same contact surface less friction than the stationary support board 17 ,

The movable rim ring is actuated 15 from an actuator 21 , The actuator 21 is as a mechanical spring 23 formed at their the movable rim ring 15 facing end with the movable rim ring 15 is connected to and at her from the movable rim 15 opposite end to a support element 25 supported. The mechanical spring 23 causes a bias of the movable rim ring 15 in one direction towards the rolling element 5 , By a displacement of the support element 25 in the direction of the arrow 19 In this case, the preload can be additionally influenced.

There are numerous other ways of designing the actuator, such as a gas spring or as a hydraulically resilient system (both not shown).

The rolling bearing 1 is designed as a single-row tapered roller bearing, wherein the rolling elements 5 arranged in a row. This rolling element row is the one movable ring 15 assigned.

Other, not shown embodiments of the rolling bearing 1 are trained multi-row. In these variants are the rolling elements 5 arranged in several rows, each row having its own movable rim ring 15 can be assigned. In these embodiments of the rolling bearing according to the invention 1 can the moving rings 15 independently of each other, but preferably depending on the axial force introduction into the rolling bearing 1 from the actuators 21 be operated.

The rolling bearing shown in the figure 1 shows the board 11 only on the right side of the track 7 of the inner ring 3 on. Therefore, the career is 7 axially limited only on one side, which is why for the rolling elements 5 only on this page a guide is provided. Other, not shown embodiments in which both sides of a career of a board 11 are limited, are also possible. Conceivable are also embodiments in which only on one side of a career of multi-part board 11 is used according to the invention, while on the other hand, a conventional, one-piece board is used.

The movable rim ring 15 has at its the rolling elements 5 facing end face a Wälzkörperangriffsfläche 27 on. In contrast, the stationary support board 17 at its rolling elements 5 facing side a Wälzkörperangriffsfläche 29 on. The rolling body attack surface 27 of the movable rim ring 15 and the rolling body engagement surface 29 the stationary support board 17 are each with an end face 31 the rolling elements 5 engaged by touch.

A contact between the rolling body engagement surface 27 of the movable rim ring 15 and the face 31 the rolling elements 5 determining factor is the friction occurring between these two surfaces. This friction can be influenced in various ways.

In the rolling bearing according to the invention shown in the figure 1 is the rolling close to the end of the movable rim ring 15 formed such that it radially on the outside axially further to the rolling elements 5 protrudes. The rolling body attack surface 27 of the movable rim ring 15 thus has a contact with the face 31 and thus the shape influencing the friction. In addition, the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche 27 a friction-influencing coating on. The shaping as well as the coating affect the friction in the sense that they reduce this. In this case, the rolling bearing 1 also be designed so that the movable rim ring 15 only axially on the cage 9 or on the cage 9 and the rolling elements 5 acts.

That for the contact between the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche 27 of the movable rim ring 15 and the face 31 the rolling elements 5 The same applies accordingly to the inpatient support board 17 , In the rolling bearing shown in the figure 1 is the left end of the stationary support board in the figure 17 designed so that it radially inward axially further to the rolling elements 5 protrudes, which also represents a friction-influencing shape. In addition, the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche 29 a friction-influencing coating on.

The rolling body close geometry of the movable rim ring 15 and the stationary support board 17 are formed in the illustrated embodiment largely mirror-symmetrical, and the coatings are the same. However, in other embodiments, not shown, these geometries and the coating may also be different. In all variants, the mutually facing frontal geometries of the movable Bordrings 15 , the support board 17 and the rolling element 5 Congruent to each other, so that on the one hand axial forces are schadlos forwarded and on the other hand, the friction on the board 11 is minimized.

The description of the illustrated embodiment makes it clear that the rolling bearing of the invention 1 a variety of ways to control the rolling elements 5 offers. This is how the actuator works 21 preferably be set such that this the movable rim ring 15 at low axial forces, as they occur for example in machines at low bearing speeds, not or only barely touch, then at higher bearing speeds and in connection with increasing axial forces stronger act to transmit axial forces.

It can in the use of the rolling bearing of the invention 1 in an application in which, starting from a rotational standstill, especially in the start-up phase, larger axial forces occur, the actuator 21 also on the moving rim 15 act that this at low bearing speed to accommodate larger axial forces on the rolling elements 5 is introduced while the movable rim ring 15 when reaching the rated speed completely from the rolling elements 5 is pulled away so as to minimize the bearing friction.

Finally, the rolling bearing 1 according to the invention also used such that a first part of the force acting on this bearing axial force on the rolling elements 5 and the stationary support board 17 in the bearing ring 3 and is forwarded from there to that component on which this bearing ring 3 is attached. A second part of the rolling bearing 1 acting axial force can via the movable flange 15 and the actuator 21 in a component 25 are guided, which is not connected to that component on which the first part of the axial force relaying bearing ring is attached.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

roller bearing

3

Inner bearing ring

4

Outer bearing ring

5

rolling elements

7a

Raceway on the inner bearing ring

7b

Track on the outer bearing ring

9

Cage

11

shelf

13

Rotary axis of the rolling element

15

Mobile board ring of the board 11

17

Stationary support board of the board 11

19

movement direction

21

actuator

23

feather

25

support element

27

Wälzkörperangriffsfläche the movable rim ring

29

Wälzkörperangriffsfläche the stationary support board

31

End face of the rolling element

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006048079 A1 [0003, 0004]

Claims (14)

Rolling bearings with an inner bearing ring ( 3 ), an outer bearing ring ( 4 ) and a plurality of rolling elements ( 5 ) between these bearing rings ( 3 . 4 ) are arranged as well as in the bearing rings ( 3 . 4 ) ( 7a . 7b ), whereby at least one career ( 7a ) of at least one of the rolling elements ( 5 ) axially leading board ( 11 ) and the board ( 11 ) at least one of an actuator ( 21 ) actuatable movable rim ring ( 15 ), characterized in that this board ( 11 ) additionally with the bearing ring ( 3 ) integrally formed stationary support board ( 17 ) having. Rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable flange ( 15 ) is formed substantially axially movable. Rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator ( 21 ) as one on a support element ( 25 ) supporting mechanical spring ( 23 ) is trained. Rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator ( 21 ) as one on a support element ( 25 ) supporting gas spring is formed. Rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator ( 21 ) as a on a support element ( 25 ) supporting hydraulically resilient system is formed. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolling bodies ( 5 ) are arranged in several rows, each having a movable rim ring ( 15 ) assigned. Rolling bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that the movable flange rings ( 15 ) independently of one another, but depending on the axial force introduction into the rolling bearing ( 1 ) of the actuators ( 21 ) can be operated. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the board ( 11 ) only on one side of the inner bearing ring ( 3 ) is trained. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Wälzkörperangriffsfläche ( 27 ) of the movable rim ring ( 15 ) has a friction-influencing geometry. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche ( 27 ) of the movable rim ring ( 15 ) has a friction-influencing coating. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Wälzkörperangriffsfläche ( 29 ) of the support board ( 17 ) has a friction-influencing geometry. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Wälzkörperangriffsfläche ( 29 ) of the support board ( 17 ) has a friction-influencing coating. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a tapered roller bearing or as a cylindrical roller bearing. Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolling bodies ( 5 ) by a bearing cage ( 9 ) are held at predetermined distances from each other, and that the movable flange ( 15 ) is arranged and formed such that this axially against an axial end face of the cage ( 9 ) can act.

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