DE102019211791A1 - Trolley with laterally arranged rollers and transverse rollers for lateral force application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a carriage (10) for fitting a sliding sash of a door or a window. The carriage (10) has a base body (12) with a lateral roller (14) and a guide (16) on the top in order to stabilize the movement of the carriage (10) when the sliding sash is opened and closed. The base body (12) also has a coupling part (18) for connecting a further carriage.

Description

Background of the invention

The invention relates to a carriage for fitting a sliding window or a sliding door, with a base body, at least one lateral roller and a guide on the top.

Fitting arrangements are used to connect sliding sashes with the frame of sliding windows or sliding doors. Such fitting arrangements have carriages which can be displaced on a guide rail and thus enable the sliding sash to be displaced relative to the frame.

The DE 38 28 708 C1 describes a support and guide roller device for sliding sashes of windows and doors. A carriage is moved within a guide rail in order to move the door or window sash attached to it. A first carriage has four rollers which are arranged on both sides of the carriage. As a result, the first carriage is made very wide. A second carriage, on the other hand, has no rollers but, for the purpose of guiding properties, only has one guide roller arranged transversely to the direction of displacement of the sliding sash. As a result, rotation of the carriage about its vertical axis can only be inadequately prevented.

From the DE 20 2011 106 099 U1 a suspended folding door has become known, which can be moved by means of guide and relief rollers arranged at the upper end of the door. The relief rollers are attached to the pivot axes of the folding door segments. However, this type of fitting allows the sash part to tilt in the direction of the frame and, in addition, does not offer a suitable option for attaching further components.

The DE 298 18 304 U1 describes a multi-purpose threshold for different door and window variants and also has a carriage with a centrally arranged wheel. The carriage is not secured against tipping sideways, which has the adverse effect of unstable movement of the carriage during opening and closing. In the event of incorrect use of the sliding sash, for example if force is applied to the sliding sash by leaning against it, this can also cause the carriage to tilt in the guide rail. Due to the central arrangement of the impeller on the carriage, it also has a greater overall width.

Object of the invention

It is the object of the invention to provide a carriage with a small width and good guiding properties, which can also be manufactured in a particularly cost-effective manner.

Description of the invention

This object is achieved according to the invention by a carriage for a fitting of a sliding sash of a door or a window, with a base body, at least one lateral roller and a top guide, a coupling part for connecting a further carriage being formed on the base body.

The term “on the top” refers to a horizontal installation position of the carriage at a lower end of a sliding sash. This must be taken into account especially if the carriage is used at the upper end of a sliding sash, since an "upper-side" guide, for example, points downwards in this case, depending on the installation position.

The roller is used, among other things, to move the carriage with little friction along a desired direction of travel. For this purpose, the rolling surface of the roller can have a curvature, in particular a concave inner curvature, which is designed to engage in a complementary part along the running direction, for example in a profile structure of a guide rail. This ensures the movement of the carriages along a specified path and prevents transverse movement to the direction of travel of the carriage.

The at least one roller is arranged laterally on the base body of the carriage. For this purpose, the at least one roller and / or the base body forms projections and / or recesses for arranging the roller on the base body. The roller is arranged rotatably relative to the base body. A recess in the base body is particularly suitable for receiving an axle which is connected to the roller. The roller can be fixedly or loosely connected to the axle, in particular the roller can be formed in one piece with the axle.

In particular, the recess of the axis on the base body can be designed as a through recess, since this allows the roller to be arranged on both sides of the base body and the carriage is rotated 180 ° in relation to its vertical axis, in other words "forwards" and "backwards" can be used. The same advantage can be achieved through the same design of both sides of the base body, for example through design on both sides of projections for the arrangement of the rollers can be achieved.

The carriage is guided in a particularly stable manner by the top-side guide according to the invention, since it is supported on at least one stop surface present along the running direction and both lateral tilting of the carriage in relation to the running direction and rotation of the carriage about its vertical axis, for example by pulling and pressure loads on the carriage when opening and closing an attached sliding sash, reliably prevented. The guide prevents both a tilting movement of the carriage away from the frame, as occurs in a normal installation position when opening the sliding sash, and towards the frame, as occurs in a normal installation position when closing or incorrect operation by pressing. Particularly good guidance properties are achieved when the guidance supports the carriage with several, in particular two, stop surfaces against tilting. For this purpose, the guide can be designed for one-dimensional movement, in particular for movement in a rail. In addition to a significantly more valuable appearance, this also has a positive effect on the service life of the carriage and the surrounding components.

The inventive arrangement of a lateral roller in combination with a guide on the top enables a particularly narrow design of the carriage with good guidance properties at the same time. This means that the carriage can even be used in the narrowest guide rails.

The base body forms a coupling part for connecting the carriage to another carriage. A coupling element, in particular in the form of a coupling rod, can be arranged on the coupling part. This ensures the use of the carriage for fittings which are intended to achieve a higher degree of guidance stability by connecting the carriage, for example in the case of sliding doors that can be parked and / or tilted in parallel.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

In a preferred embodiment, the top guide has a slider and / or a roller. A guide in the form of a slider represents an inexpensive and particularly simple type of implementation. The slider can be designed to prevent the carriage from tilting sideways with at least one stop surface, in particular two stop surfaces. To improve the sliding properties, in particular to reduce sliding friction, the slider can have special surface properties and / or lubricants. By designing the guide as a role, the friction between the guide and the stop surface is further improved. The guide can be designed in one piece as well as in several pieces. The guide can be formed in one piece with the base body of the carriage. Alternatively, the base body can be designed for the arrangement of the guide. When the guide is arranged on the base body, the base body can have at least one projection, in particular a guide roller projection when a guide roller is arranged, and / or a recess, in particular a guide roller recess when a guide roller is arranged. Particularly advantageously, the carriage has a guide with a combination of slider and roller.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which the carriage has a further roller. An additional roller improves both the guiding properties of the carriage in the running direction and the resistance to rotation of the carriage about its vertical axis. The second roller is preferably arranged on the same side of the base body as the first roller. This preserves the advantage of the narrow design of the carriage.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the roller and the further roller have a common axis. A common axis of the first and second rollers reduces the length of the carriage in its direction of movement without impairing the guiding properties.

An embodiment in which stiffening ribs are formed on the base body is particularly preferred. By forming stiffening ribs, the necessary material input in the manufacture of the base body can be reduced without impairing its strength.

Also preferred is an embodiment in which the coupling part has a coupling recess extending in the running direction for receiving a coupling element. As a result, a coupling element can be arranged on the carriage in a particularly simple manner, for example by means of a simple plug connection, in particular by means of a clamp connection. Particularly preferably, the coupling recess has an internal thread and the coupling element has an external thread complementary thereto, through which the coupling element can be screw-fastened to the coupling part.

In a further development of this embodiment, the coupling part has a fixing part for fixing the coupling element to the Coupling part, in particular in the form of a fixing recess with an internal thread for receiving a screw. As a result of such a design, the coupling element can be arranged quickly and detachably on the carriage. The fixing recess is preferably formed transversely to the coupling recess. In this case, the coupling element is for example first inserted into the coupling recess for receiving the coupling element and then clamped with a screw via the fixing recess. Such a connection advantageously allows a particularly simple adaptation of the length of the coupling element to the required distance between the carriages to be connected, for example by cutting the coupling element to length.

In a further development of the embodiment, the carriage has a coupling rod. A coupling rod connects the carriage with another carriage and ensures that they are equally spaced from one another. Such an arrangement of the carriages, in combination with a mounted sliding sash, ensures that the sliding sash is parallel to the frame. In this way, a collision between the sliding sash and the frame as a result of an unintentional adjustment of an extension arm can be avoided, as can occur with uncoupled trolleys. For this purpose, the coupling rod can have an adjustment option for the length of the coupling rod and / or the distance between the carriages, for example by screwing the coupling rod into a receptacle in the coupling part.

Furthermore, an embodiment is preferred in which the carriage has a control section for the arrangement of a control element, in particular for receiving a bolt, particularly preferably for receiving a screw bolt. In conjunction with the control element, the control section forms an important kinematic point with regard to the opening and closing movement of a sliding sash that can be parked in parallel. Via the control section and the control element arranged on it, together with a control arm, the controlled movement curve of the sliding sash is ensured when an extension arm is turned on and off. The control section can be designed in multiple pieces as well as in one piece with the base body and / or with the control element. The control element is preferably arranged releasably on the control section and designed to fasten the control arm to the carriage. This enables a captive arrangement of the control arm and carriage as well as easy dismantling. In this case, the control section has a connection option that is complementary to the control element.

An embodiment of the carriage is particularly advantageous in which an extension arm is arranged on the base body, in particular on the top. An extension arm causes the sliding sash to be spaced apart from the frame when the sliding sash is moved from the closed state. This enables the carriage to move in a straight line and close to the frame without collision between the sliding sash and the frame. The arrangement of the extension arm on the carriage is an important parameter in relation to the distance between the sliding sash and the floor or the ceiling, as the position of the extension arm on the carriage results in the threshold height of the sliding window or door. When the extension arm is arranged on the top of the base body, the carriage can be sunk into a guide rail as far as possible. If the guide rail is also sunk into the floor, the lowest possible threshold height can be achieved. This is of great importance for the use of fittings in barrier-free passages.

A further development of the embodiment is preferred in which the base body has a projection on the upper side on which the extension arm is arranged. A protrusion on the top enables an almost complete, in particular complete, lowering of the carriage in the guide rail, so that only the extension arm protrudes beyond the guide rail. This is particularly important in the case of sliding windows in which a minimum threshold height of the associated window frame is sought. It is important here that the height of the carriage reaches a minimum height of the guide rail in order to raise and lower an extension arm without collision and to cause the carriage to have the lowest possible maximum height in order to ensure the smallest possible distance from the sash to the floor / ceiling.

A further development is particularly preferred in which a control spring, in particular a spring plate, is arranged for guide stabilization and / or for fixing the end position of the control arm. By arranging the control spring on the carriage, the control arm can be supported directly and the extension arm indirectly in its adjustment and / or extension movement. This enables the end position of the extension arm to be reached in a controlled manner.

A further development is also preferred in which the base body forms the projection on the top, a position securing device and an end position limit for positioning the control spring on the base body. The top-side projection, the position securing device and the end position limit form vertical stop surfaces for this purpose, against which the control spring rests in the installed position due to a The control spring is pretensioned. In other words, the control spring can be placed against the base body from above, so that it is positioned in its horizontal position on the upper side of the base body and can only be moved against the insertion direction. Particularly preferably, the control spring can be designed in such a way that in its installed position it engages behind a projection of the position securing device at one end, by means of which it is held in its installed position and on which it is supported when loaded. Particularly preferably, the top-side projection, the position securing device and the end position delimitation are designed symmetrically to a center plane of the base body extending in the running direction of the carriage. As a result, the control spring can be arranged on the base body both in a right-swinging position and in a left-swinging position. The terms "swiveling to the right" and "swiveling to the left" relate to the extension direction of the extension arm arranged on the carriage in relation to the direction of travel L. of the carriage.

In a preferred development, the control spring is arranged on the carriage so that it cannot be lost by arranging the extension arm on the projection on the top. The attachment of the extension arm to the projection on the top of the base prevents the direction of movement of the control spring positioned in its horizontal position, so that it can no longer be removed from the base upwards. This leads to a captive arrangement of the control spring on the base body and offers the advantageous possibility of extensive pre-assembly of the carriage.

An embodiment in which the base body is made of plastic is also preferred. In general, all common materials can be used, but the use of plastic enables the base body to be manufactured in a particularly inexpensive, easy and flexible manner. The base body can be produced by means of common manufacturing processes, such as, for example, 3D printing processes, forming processes or machining processes. Production preferably takes place using the casting process, in particular using the die-casting process or injection molding process.

An embodiment is particularly preferred in which the base body has a plane of symmetry along the running direction. In particular, the plane of symmetry is spanned from the running direction of the carriage and the vertical axis of the carriage. In other words, the plane of symmetry divides the main body of the carriage in the middle. Due to the symmetry of the base body, it can be used both for a rear and front carriage with a fitting that swings out to the right and for a rear and front carriage with a fitting that swings out to the left. Furthermore, all described components of the carriage can continue to be used by changing the arrangement. For example, the side roller can be attached to the opposite side of the carriage.

The combination of features comprising a carriage with a base body, a roller on the side and a guide on the top, the base body having an extension arm on the top, represents an independent part of the invention and can occur in any combination with the features described here.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the description and the drawing. The features mentioned above and below can also be used according to the invention individually or collectively in any combination. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as an exhaustive list, but rather have an exemplary character for describing the invention.

Figure list

• 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a carriage according to the invention;
• 2 FIG. 13 shows a front view of the first embodiment according to FIG 1 ;
• 3 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment with the coupling element arranged;
• 4th shows a side view of the first embodiment with arranged coupling element and extension arm;
• 5 shows a second embodiment of a carriage according to the invention with arranged coupling element, control arm, extension arm, control element and control spring;
• 6th FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the second embodiment according to FIG 5 ;
• 7th shows the front view of the second embodiment in an installation position within a threshold;
• 8th shows a perspective view of a base body of the carriage according to the invention.

1 shows a first embodiment of a carriage according to the invention 10 with a base body 12 , side rollers 14th , an overhead guide 16 and a coupling part 18th . The Coupling part 18th is suitable for the carriage 10 to be connected to another carriage. The carriage 10 is designed to move along a running direction L. on a guide rail 42 (please refer 7th ) to move back and forth. The top leadership 16 is designed according to the first embodiment in the form of two horizontally, ie rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, arranged guide rollers. Leadership training 16 in the form of guide rollers reduces the sliding friction and the movement noise of the guide when it is on a wall of a guide rail 42 supports. The use of two guide rollers can also effectively rotate the carriage 10 around whose vertical axis are prevented.

2 FIG. 13 shows a front view of the first embodiment according to FIG 1 and illustrates the lateral arrangement of the rollers 14th on the main body 12 . Overall, the carriage 10 therefore a smaller overall width than trolleys with double-sided or central arrangement of the rollers 14th which allows use in significantly narrower guide rails. The rolling surface 40 the roller 14th has a concave inner curvature with which the roller 14th in a complementary part of the guide rail 42 (please refer 7th ) can intervene to move in the direction of travel L. perform along a desired trajectory. This leads in combination with the top guidance 16 of the carriage 10 to optimal leadership qualities.

3 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment, wherein on the coupling part 18th of the main body 12 a coupling element 26th is arranged in the form of a coupling rod. To this end, the coupling part 18th a recess 22nd on, which are mostly in the direction of travel L. of the carriage 10 extends. The coupling rod, which is also mainly in the direction of travel L. extends, determines the distance between a first and a second carriage 10 (Not shown). The distance between the carriages 10 can be achieved, for example, by cutting the coupling rod to length or by inserting the coupling rod into the coupling part 18th determine. The recess could also 22nd have an internal thread on the coupling part, into which the coupling rod with the external thread formed can be screwed.

4th illustrates the first embodiment of the carriage according to the invention with a side view 10 with one on the main body 12 arranged extension arm 32 . The extension arm 32 is rotatable on a projection on the top 38 arranged and forms the connecting element between the carriages 10 and a sash attachment part (not shown) to be attached to a sliding sash. The arrangement of the extension arm 32 takes place on the protrusion on the top 38 such that the extension arm 32 in its raising and lowering movement when opening and closing the sliding sash (not shown) by components of the carriage 10 is hindered. The extension arm 32 is thus above the leadership 16 arranged. By arranging the extension arm 32 at the top of the carriage 10 , the carriage can 10 also completely in one guide rail 42 (please refer 7th ) are sunk. This creates only a small gap between the floor / ceiling 48 (please refer 7th ) and sash or sash attachment part. This is particularly important in the case of sliding leaves, which are used when using barrier-free doors.

5 shows a second embodiment of the carriage according to the invention 10 in the extended position of the extension arm. The basic body 12 is about the coupling part 18th with a coupling element 26th connected in the form of a coupling rod. The coupling element 26th is about a fixation part 24 (please refer 6th ) in the coupling part 18th fixed. Furthermore is on the base body 12 an overhead projection 38 formed on which the extension arm 32 is pivotably arranged. Furthermore are a position security 36 and a limit stop 37 for positioning a control spring 34 on the main body 12 educated. Through the, on the top protrusion 38 arranged extension arm 32 becomes the control spring 34 captive on the carriage 10 arranged. The position security 36 prevents the control spring from sliding out to the side 34 in the installation position and forms a support element against the spring load. The end position limitation 37 serves to limit the movement of the spring and prevents the control spring from jumping out 34 when dismantling the carriage 10 . In the assembled state of the control arm 44 , is the travel of the control spring 34 by the adjacent control arm 44 limited.

In addition, the main body 12 a control section 28 with control element arranged thereon 30th on. The control 30th is in the form of a screw-in bolt at one end in the control area 28 arranged and engages the other end in a control groove of the control arm 44 .

6th FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the second embodiment according to FIG 5 . In the extended end position of the extension arm 32 the control is located 30th in an end position within a control slot of the control arm 44 . The control spring 34 causes a force on the control arm 44 and thus indirectly stabilizes the extension movement and the extended state of the extension arm 32 . Under the action of force on the control arm 44 can this counter to the spring force of the control spring 34 in the direction of the carriage 10 be moved. The Control 30th moves within the control slot of the control arm 44 and thus defines the adjustment movement of the extension arm 32 to the end of the control arm's control slot 44 . In an engaged end position of the extension arm 32 the extension arm is aligned 32 with the direction of movement L. of the carriage. The control spring 34 moves out of the shown end position towards the side roller during adjustment 14th pressed and at the latest through the end position limitation 37 hindered in their movement.

7th shows the carriage 10 according to the second embodiment in the installed position within the guide rail 42 . The caster 14th engages with the concave rolling surface 40 in a complementary roller guide of the guide rail 42 on. In addition, the top guide 16 in an opening in the guide rail 42 along the running direction L. (directed into or out of the plane of the drawing) of the carriage 10 guided. The carriage 10 is largely in its installation position in the guide rail 42 sunk and the guide rail 42 is largely in the ground 48 sunk. This allows in combination with an extension arm on the top 32 and optionally an upper control arm, a minimum threshold height of a sliding door or a sliding window.

8th shows the main body 12 the first and second embodiments of the carriage 10 from the 1-7 . The basic body 12 is formed in one piece in this embodiment and has stiffening ribs 20th on. The protrusion on the top 38 has a recess for receiving a fastening means, in particular a screw. The basic body 12 also has guide roller projections 46 on, which is in one piece on the base body 12 are designed and for the arrangement of top guide rollers of the guide 16 to serve. The basic body 12 also has a plane of symmetry S. on, which is in the direction of travel L. and extends in the vertical direction. The plane of symmetry S. serves to hold the rollers 14th , the extension arm 32 , the control arm 44 , the leadership 16 , the control spring 34 as well as the control 30th alternately on the base body 32 to be able to arrange. This opens up the possibility of the carriage 10 To be used for fittings for left-swinging and right-swinging sliding doors and windows, as the change in direction is achieved by rearranging the components on the base body 12 can be implemented in a simple manner. There is also an asymmetrical design of the base body 12 possible, which however has a partial symmetry with regard to the function-specific positions of the connected components in order to allow the above effect of the variety of uses.

Taking all the figures together, the invention relates to a carriage for fitting a sliding sash of a door or a window. The carriage has a base body with a lateral roller and a guide on the top in order to stabilize the movement of the carriage when the sliding sash is opened and closed. Furthermore, the base body has a coupling part for connecting a further carriage.

List of reference symbols

10

Carriage

12

Base body

14th

lateral roller

16

top leadership

18th

Coupling part

20th

Stiffening ribs

22nd

Recess

24

Fixation part

26th

Coupling element

28

Tax section

30th

Control

32

Extension arm

34

Control spring

36

Position security

37

End position limitation

38

top projection

40

Rolling surface of the roller 14

42

Guide rail

44

Control arm

46

Guide roller projection

48

ground

H

Vertical axis

L.

Running direction

S.

Plane of symmetry

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 3828708 C1 [0003]
• DE 202011106099 U1 [0004]
• DE 29818304 U1 [0005]

Claims (21)

Trolley (10) for fitting a sliding window or a sliding door, with a base body (12), at least one lateral roller (14) and a guide (16) on the top, characterized in that a coupling part (18) on the base body (12) is designed to connect a further carriage. Carriage after Claim 1 , characterized in that the top guide (16) has a slider and / or a roller. Carriage after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the carriage has a further lateral roller (14). Carriage after Claim 3 , characterized in that the lateral roller (14) and the further lateral roller (14) are arranged on the same side of the base body (12). Carriage after Claim 3 , characterized in that the lateral roller (14) and the further lateral roller (14) have a common roller axis. Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that stiffening ribs (20) are formed on the base body. Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling part (18) has a recess (22) extending in the direction of travel for receiving a coupling element (26). Carriage after Claim 7 , characterized in that the coupling part (18) has a fixing part (24) for fastening a coupling element (26) to the coupling part (18), in particular in the form of a recess with an internal thread for receiving a screw. Carriage after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the carriage (10) has a coupling rod. Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (10) has a control section (28) for the arrangement of a control element (30), in particular for receiving a bolt, particularly preferably for receiving a screw bolt. Carriage after Claim 10 , characterized in that the control element (30) can be arranged at two different locations on the control section (28). Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an extension arm (32) is arranged pivotably on the base body (12), in particular on the upper side. Carriage after Claim 12 , characterized in that the base body (12) has an upper-side projection (38) on which the extension arm (32) is arranged. Carriage according to one of the Claims 12 or 13 , characterized in that a control spring (34), in particular a spring plate, is arranged on the base body (12) for guide stabilization and / or for fixing the end position of the extension arm (32). Carriage after Claim 13 combined with Claim 14 , characterized in that the top-side projection (38) for positioning the control spring (34) is formed on the base body (12). Carriage after Claim 14 , characterized in that the control spring (34) is arranged captive on the carriage (10) by arranging the extension arm (32). Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) is made of plastic. Trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) has a plane of symmetry (S) along the running direction (L). Trolley arrangement with a trolley (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (10) is arranged on a lower part of a sliding sash via an extension arm (32). Carriage arrangement with two carriages (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rollers (14) of the carriages (10) are arranged on the same side with respect to a running direction (L) and that the coupling parts (18) of the carriages ( 10) are facing each other. Carriage arrangement according to Claim 20 combined with Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the carriage (10) by a Coupling element (26), in particular by a coupling rod, are connected to one another.

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