DE102019005437A1 - Process for the automated excavation and installation of girder pile walls and shotcrete walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The method according to the invention for the automated excavation and installation of wooden planks and / or concrete, in which the excavation work is carried out with a narrow trench grab and then either reinforcement and concrete are introduced into the trench to replace the shotcrete method or planks are installed automatically with a plank grab . The aim of the method according to the invention is to be able to carry out both shotcrete walls and girder pile walls faster, more economically, more safely and with better quality.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the automated installation of concrete and / or wooden planks as part of shoring work. By using attachments on carrier devices such as hydraulic excavators or similar construction machines, such as backhoe loaders, mobile excavators, tracked excavators or wheel loaders, the previously manually performed plank installation can be carried out automatically when creating carrier pile walls. This also applies to shotcrete walls that can be generated automatically with the method according to the invention.

When creating girder pile shoring, a high level of personnel is required to install planks made of heartwood or other materials such as recycled plastics, metal, etc. between two rammed, concreted or drilled steel profiles. The same applies to the use of shotcrete between the steel profiles mentioned to create shoring for building pits, for example. Both variants are used individually or in combination. Shotcrete is even more cost-intensive and is a high level of dust and particles in the construction site environment, including cement dust that is hazardous to health. One-sided excavation in order to bring in planks or concrete is also dangerous, depending on the stability of the soil, as it can break down at any time.

The method according to the invention increases work safety, since no persons have to work in the area where there is a risk of ground breakage. After the steel profiles have been introduced at the required spacing, a guide rail ( 1c ) placed on two shoring supports or on the floor surface and fixed with e.g. pegs if the floor does not have sufficient dimensional stability. This guide rail ( 1c ) guides the trench grab ( 1b ), so that the machine operator of the carrier device ( 1a ) operated, the slot trench grab ( 1b ) can be used faster and more precisely. The carrier device ( 1a ) leads with the trench grab ( 1b ) excavated the trench. The depth can be adapted to the site conditions. When the required final depth has been reached, reinforcement can be installed in the lower area of the trench or over the entire excavation height and the trench ( 1d ) are filled with concrete. This is the substitute for the one-sided excavation and the application of shotcrete. In addition to the economic and industrial safety advantage, the wall thickness of the shoring wall can now also be precisely guaranteed. The big disadvantage of the shotcrete method is the uneven wall thickness, since soil is repeatedly washed out when it is applied and therefore no uniform wall thickness can be created. The introduction of the reinforcement and the concrete into the trench ( 1d ) is a considerable time saving of at least a factor of 10 compared to manual shotcrete installation.

After the Schlitzgraben ( 1d ) with the trench grab ( 1b ), if screed installation is required, the screed gripper ( 2 B ) can be used. For this purpose, an insertion incline is required in the center, which can be created with a standard digging tool, e.g. a backhoe. The screed gripper ( 2 B ) can be used both at the final depth and at a steplessly previously concreted depth. The plank material is delivered to the construction site as a package, e.g. as wooden plank core wood. The screed gripper ( 2 B ) can take up a layer of planks by using the carrier ( 2a ) the screed grapple attachment ( 2 B ) leads onto the pile of planks and grabs a layer of plank. The planks can be adjusted in length before or after the gripping process. For example with a chainsaw when using core wood. The gripped planks are then vertically inserted into the trench with an insertion slope ( 2d ) inserted and with the carrier device ( 2a ) positioned. The screed gripper ( 2 B ) opens and is connected to the insertion slope of the trench with insertion slope ( 2d ) led out. There is no need for any personnel to be deployed in or around the installation site, which means that, firstly, everything is done automatically, i.e. automatically, and secondly, there is no danger to people.

As a variant of the slit ditch grab ( 1b ) can also be a milling device, as in DE 10 2005 017 093 B4 described, but attached to a hydraulic excavator instead of a rope excavator or crane. This can convey out the soil material directly or it can be loosened by the tiller for the grapple insert. In unstable soils, the slot trench ( 1d ) be filled with a fluid, such as bentonite suspension, in order to prevent the floor from sagging or slipping. This fluid is sucked off and / or displaced gradually or completely when placing concrete or planks. The use of steel plates or the like is also conceivable in order to temporarily prevent the floor from sagging or slipping. These can be pulled gradually or as a whole during the introduction of concrete or planks.

As a variant for the guide rail ( 1c ) previously created, reinforced or concreted slot edges can also be used, as in DE 10 2004 040 191 B4 described. In the case of the method according to the invention, ideally on a guide rail ( 1c ), should be dispensed with depending on the stability of the floor, as this is a further economic and time saving.

• 1: (Primär- / Zusammenfassungsfigur): Isometrische Ansicht, die sinngemäße, vereinfacht dargestellte Hydraulikbagger mit Schlitzgrabengreifer und Bohlengreifer darstellt, die das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren veranschaulichen.

For a better understanding, the invention is illustrated below with the aid of four figures with the device according to the invention.

• 1 : (Primary / summary figure): Isometric view showing the analogous, simplified hydraulic excavator with a trench grab and a screed grab that illustrate the method according to the invention.

The 1 shows the use of both attachments, trench grabs ( 1b ) and screed grab ( 2 B ), in connection with two carrier devices ( 1a , 2a ). The trench grab ( 1b ) is shown in the open state before it can be moved over the optional guide rail ( 1c ) into the Schlitzgraben ( 1d ) retracts. Then the trench grab ( 1b ) into the soil material, fills the grave shells and lifts the material to dump it elsewhere by opening the grave shells. This creates excavation performance.

Both attachments for ditch grabs ( 1b ) and screed grab ( 2 B ) can be used on the same carrier device or, as shown, work in parallel. Thanks to the fully hydraulic quick-change systems available on the market, both the trench grab ( 1b ) as well as the screed gripper ( 2 B ) can be changed at any time within 30 seconds on a hydraulic excavator, for example. Thus, contrary to the representation in 1 also a carrier device ( 1a , 2a ) be one and the same carrier machine. The depicted depth of approximately 3 meters and the depicted width of approximately 2.5 meters can occur in all possible variants. Extensions on the trench grab ( 1b ) Depths between 0 and 10 meters or more can be achieved. The same applies to the screed gripper ( 2 B ), which can also carry out the same work areas.

List of reference symbols

1a

Carrier hydraulic excavator, which guides the ditch grab

1b

Trench grab

1c

Guide rail

1d

Trench for concrete or plank installation

2a

Carrier hydraulic excavator, which guides the screed grab

2 B

Screed grab

2c

Shoring

2d

Slot trench with insertion slope

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102005017093 B4 [0005]
• DE 102004040191 B4 [0006]

Claims (4)

Method for the automated excavation and installation of wooden planks and / or concrete, characterized in that the excavation work is carried out with a narrow slot trench grab. A procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the trench grab from Claim 1 can be guided through a guide rail, which is attached to two shoring supports. A procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that after the trench excavation, reinforcement and concrete are introduced as a replacement method for shotcrete. A procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that after the trench has been excavated, planks are introduced with a plank gripper.

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