DE102017210160B4 - Transport device, transport system and method for transporting objects - Google Patents

Abstract

Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64), comprising a receiving device (10) for receiving at least one object (64), the receiving device (10) being designed to be set up on a set-up level (22); an impact device (12) arranged on the receiving device (10) for receiving an impact force (14) along an impact direction (16), and an eccentric element (30) rotatable about an axis of rotation (32) with a clamping surface (34) for exerting a first pressure force (41) on a traction means (50) essentially perpendicular to the erection plane (22) in a pressing direction in a first angular position of the eccentric element (30) for the purpose of producing a clamping connection on the traction means (50), the eccentric element (30) along in the first angular position the pressure direction has a first radius R1, and wherein the impact device (12) is in operative connection with the eccentric element (30) such that when the impact force (14) is received along the impact direction (16) a rotation of the eccentric element (30) along a first The direction of rotation (44) takes place in a second angular position, the eccentric element (30) in the second angular position along the pressure direction e has a second radius R2 and the second radius R2 is smaller than the first radius R1, so that the first pressing force (41) is reduced, characterized in that the eccentric element (30) is designed and arranged in such a way that in a substantially parallel a rotation of the eccentric element (30) in a second direction of rotation (45) can be realized so that the radius R of the eccentric element (30) ) is increased along the pressing direction and the first pressing force (41) is increased for the purpose of producing a non-positive and / or positive connection.

Description

The invention relates to a transport device, a transport system and a method for transporting objects.

In industrial production, especially in assembly, it is essential for an efficient process sequence that components to be processed or assembled are in the right place at the right time. For this purpose, feed systems with conveyor vehicles driven by means of traction means are used, with very different techniques being established. Some systems produce a form fit between the traction device and the trolley, using chains as traction devices, for example. This is complex and expensive, especially when systems that are decoupled from the cycle time are required.

Also known and advantageous are flexible systems that can adapt to changes in the process sequence and that can be used both manually and automatically. Accumulation conveyors, for example, are known in this context. These are feed systems that are decoupled from the cycle time and are characterized by simple and flexible controllability. Here, a conveyor belt is stretched between two deflection devices, which makes a continuous circulating movement during the process. Any number of accumulation trolleys is positioned on the conveyor belt and can produce a respective clamp connection with it. The accumulation trucks, which are usually movable on wheels and are driven by the conveyor belt, have a decoupling mechanism that decouples them from the conveyor belt in the event of an obstacle and stops them in this way.

the DE 20 2011 109 159 U1 discloses an accumulation conveyor with pallet trolleys, the pallet trolleys being motor-driven by a circulating chain. Each pallet trolley has at least two chain wheels that transmit different torques to the pallet trolleys at least in the reversing stations. Typically, one of the chain wheels for driving the chain carriage is provided in the horizontal areas of the accumulating conveyor. When pallet trucks are dammed up, the connection between the chain and the said chain wheel can be interrupted, for example by a friction-locked clutch which slips when a defined torque is exceeded.

The other sprocket is set up to transmit larger torques and is used to convey the pallet trolley in the reversing stations of the accumulating conveyor.

the DE 20 2011 108 545 U1 describes a further accumulation conveyor which has a flexible tension element and pallets which can be coupled to and uncoupled therefrom. Furthermore, a stop device is described which, if necessary, also enables manual decoupling of the pallets. The coupling and decoupling can take place via a connecting rod to which a brake part is connected and which can be moved by means of an electric motor or a manual handle.

In the DE 20 2004 001 810 U1 describes a trolley for an accumulating conveyor, which can be frictionally connected to an endlessly rotating conveyor. The transport trolley comprises a chassis in which a driver is arranged for connection to the conveying means. The pressure force of the driver on the conveyor is adjustable. Here, too, the frictional engagement between the conveying means and the driver can be canceled when the transport carriage runs into an obstacle.

the DE 102 04 260 A1 describes an accumulation conveyor with supports which are provided by means of at least one jaw and at least one clamping piece in order to connect them to an endless transport line in a frictionally locking manner. The clamping piece is resiliently arranged on the underside of the jaw, the conveyor belt being arranged between the jaw and the clamping piece. The spring is arranged in such a way that it can apply a spring force to produce the clamping connection. The resulting frictional connection should just be sufficient to take the carrier with it from the running conveyor belt. When an external force is applied to the carrier, however, the conveyor belt slips through the application of the clamping force by the spring.

the DE 10 2006 004 921 A1 as well as the parallel WO 2007 087 779 A1 describe a workpiece carrier system with a driven, revolving traction mechanism and a traction slide which can be clamped to the traction mechanism with at least one upper and at least one lower clamping element. The pull slide has a spring element which exerts a spring force on at least one clamping element and thus effects the clamping. The spring element is in operative connection with an eccentric element in such a way that the spring force causes the eccentric element to rotate in such a direction that the clamping force is increased. In this way, high clamping forces are continuously achieved.

Furthermore, the workpiece carrier system described comprises the usual actuating element for accumulating conveyors, which is arranged in the front area of the workpiece carrier, which includes the pull slide, and which, when the workpiece carrier runs into an obstacle, for example another workpiece carrier located at the front in the direction of travel, which counteracts the spring force and in this way interrupts the clamping. The coupling of the pull slide to the pulling means can thus be released.

Individual aspects of the slide disclosed here are in 2 shown. This represents the described transport device known from the prior art 62 schematically. It is a traction device 50 with one direction of movement 52 shown on which an eccentric element for the purpose of realizing a clamping connection 30th is present. This is around an axis of rotation 32 rotatable and has a clamping surface 34 on. It learns through one on the frame of the transport device 62 arranged tension spring 37 one along a second direction of rotation 45 acting force, whereby a first pressing force 41 on the traction device 50 is realized. This is possible because of the rotation in the second direction of rotation 45 , which is shown here counterclockwise, along the pressure direction, that is, from the lowest point of the eccentric element 30th straight down, measured radius R. of the eccentric element 30th is enlarged. In this way, a clamping is implemented that entrains the transport device shown 62 with the traction mechanism 50 along the direction of movement 52 enables.

Furthermore, the solution shown includes an impact device 12th that are used to absorb an impact force 14th along an impact direction 16 is set up. The direction of impact 16 is the direction of movement 52 of the traction device opposite. By means of a push rod of a rod drive 80 , which with the eccentric element 30th is mechanically connected, can in this way in an impact of the impact device 12th on an obstacle, a rotation of the eccentric element along a first direction of rotation 44 clockwise. This reduces the radius measured in the vertical direction R. of the eccentric element 30th and the first pressing force 41 becomes smaller or disappears. The clamping connection of the transport device is thus decoupled 62 from the traction mechanism 50 .

In the standing state of the transport device 62 exercises the traction mechanism 50 an entrainment force 60 on which the traction device 50 contacting portion of the clamping surface 34 of the eccentric element 30th the end. This causes a rotation in the first direction of rotation 44 , i.e. clockwise, which consequently is the first pressing force 41 decreased. It's the power of the mainspring 37 necessary to counter the entrainment force 60 establish the clamp connection.

Below the eccentric element 30th as well as the traction device 50 is a counter pressure element 38 arranged, which a second pressing force 42 on the traction device 50 exercises. In this way the traction mechanism becomes 50 pinched on both sides.

It is the object of the invention to provide a transport device, a transport system and a transport method which ensure the transport of objects in a simple, inexpensive and reliable manner over a long period of time.

The object is achieved by the transport device for transporting objects according to claim 1, the transport system for transporting objects according to claim 8, and the method for transporting objects according to claim 10. Refinements of the transport device are specified in dependent claims 2-7, one refinement of the transport system is specified in dependent claim 9.

A first aspect of the invention is a transport device for transporting objects, comprising a receiving device for receiving at least one object, the receiving device being designed to be set up on a set-up level. The transport device further comprises an impact device arranged on the receiving device for receiving an impact force along an impact direction, as well as an eccentric element rotatable about an axis of rotation, which is also arranged on the receiving device. The eccentric element has a clamping surface for exerting a first pressing force on a traction means. The first pressing force acts essentially perpendicular to the installation plane in a pressing direction in a first angular position of the eccentric element for the purpose of producing a clamping connection on the traction means. The eccentric element has a first radius in the first angular position along the pressing direction R1 on.

The impact device is in mechanical operative connection with the eccentric element in such a way that when the impact force is absorbed along the impact direction, the eccentric element is rotated along a first direction of rotation into a second angular position. In the second angular position, the eccentric element has a second radius along the pressure direction R2 on and the second radius R2 is smaller than the first radius R1 so that the first pressing force is reduced.

The eccentric element is designed and arranged in such a way that a rotation of the eccentric element from the first angular position into a second direction of rotation can be realized with a driving force acting tangentially on the clamping surface parallel to the installation plane and counter to the direction of impact. Thus, the radius of the eccentric element becomes along the pressing direction and the first pressing force is increased for the purpose of producing a non-positive and / or positive connection, in particular a clamping connection.

The receiving device can be the supporting frame of the transport device and comprise further attachments or functional elements.

When a clamping connection is established with a traction means, for example a conveyor belt, the transport device is set up to move with the traction means in its direction of movement. This direction of movement is opposite to the direction of impact and in particular runs parallel to the installation plane.

The absorption of the impact force by the impact device leads to a movement of the impact device in the impact direction, the movement being transmitted to the eccentric element, for example by means of a mechanical gear, and thus causing the eccentric element to rotate in the first direction of rotation. Alternatively, electronic signal transmission or an electric drive of the eccentric element is also possible. The impact device is arranged, in particular, in such a way that it makes up the foremost part of the transport device along the direction of movement of the transport device provided for normal use. In the event of a collision of the transport device with an obstacle, it comes into contact with the obstacle as the first part of the transport device and can release the clamping connection due to the impact force generated by the collision.

The axis of rotation of the eccentric element runs in particular parallel to the installation plane and perpendicular to the direction of impact, that is to say also transversely to a direction of movement of the traction means. The eccentric element has a, in particular rounded, clamping surface which is not at a constant distance from the axis of rotation and contacts the traction means in the clamped state, that is to say when the first pressing force is exerted. The clamping surface can also be made thin, for example in the form of a clamping edge. The clamping surface is typically formed by a peripheral segment of the eccentric element. This is accordingly set up to exert the first pressing force on the traction means. As a result, the eccentric element is pressed against the traction mechanism and a clamping connection is implemented.

The radius R. of the eccentric element, for example the first radius R1 or the second radius R2 , is the distance between the axis of rotation of the eccentric element and its lowest point of the edge or the clamping surface, measured vertically downwards along the pressure direction, i.e. when used as intended with a horizontal installation plane. The first radius R1 is thus in the clamped state, that is, when the first pressure force is exerted on the traction means, the effective radius of the eccentric element, which is measured at the contact point with the traction means. The rotation along the first direction of rotation that takes place when the impact force is absorbed thus causes a reduction in the effective radius and thus a reduction in the first pressure force, which reduces or cancels the clamping effect. The first pressing force can also be reduced to the extent that it is completely eliminated.

The entrainment force occurs when the traction means contacting the clamping surface of the eccentric element is moved in relation to the eccentric element along the impact direction, for example when the conveyor belt is set in motion while the trolley is still standing. The drag force is exerted on the eccentric element by the friction of the relevant contact area of the clamping surface of the eccentric element with the traction means.

The entrainment force is exerted on the clamping surface, for example on the circumferential segment of the eccentric. When used as intended with a horizontal installation level, the driving force is exerted at the lowest point of the eccentric element. The intended use here means a use of the transport device in a standing or rolling orientation with respect to a horizontal installation plane, in which, for example, loose objects can be placed on the receiving device for the purpose of transport. Independently of this, a suspended arrangement of the transport device or an inclined alignment of the installation level can of course also be implemented as intended.

The parallel position of the entrainment force to the erection plane also includes a position of the entrainment force in the erection plane. It acts in particular on the point or the edge or surface of the clamping surface which, measured perpendicular to the installation plane, is furthest away from the axis of rotation, measured along the pressure direction. With a horizontal alignment of the transport device, this is typically the lowest point of the eccentric element.

Due to the inventive design and arrangement of the eccentric element, when the moving traction element comes into contact with the eccentric element, the friction between the traction element and the clamping surface causes the eccentric element to rotate in such a direction that the radius of the eccentric element is in relation to the Pulling means is increased and consequently the first pressing force is exerted or this increases. The second direction of rotation is opposite to the first direction of rotation. In this way, a clamping connection between the transport device and the traction means is established. In the case of a relative movement between the eccentric element and the traction means, an automatic or self-reinforcing clamping effect of the transport device on the traction means can be implemented without further forces having to be exerted on the eccentric element by the transport device or by elements other than the traction means.

In comparison to the known solutions, significantly lower forces are thus exerted on the traction means, which, depending on the application, on the one hand enables slimmer constructions of the transport device and on the other hand significantly increases the service life of the traction means. Furthermore, the pressure forces are not limited by spring forces, as in the known solutions, but can be very large if necessary. Thus, very different loads can also be transported with the transport device according to the invention.

Typically, the impact device or its operative connection with the eccentric element is designed in such a way that in the event that the impact device continues to contact the obstacle after the clamping connection of the eccentric element is loosened on the traction means, the rotated position of the eccentric element is maintained, i.e. the clamping connection continues to be released is. This is for example in the event of a collision with a stationary obstacle such. B. an anchor device or a momentarily stationary obstacle such. B. a stop element of a further transport device, as described below, the case. In this way, the transport device is kept at a standstill until the obstacle is removed and the clamping connection is restored by the effect of the entrainment force.

The receiving device can comprise at least one supporting device for installation in the installation plane. In the case of precisely one support device, this is designed in particular flat and the installation plane is defined by the surface. In the case of several support devices, for example wheels, the installation level is the level running through the support devices. Supporting the receiving device means transmitting at least part of the weight force and in particular essentially the full weight force of the transport device and, if applicable, loads arranged on the receiving device. Thus, depending on the positioning of the transport device in relation to the traction means, it can also include a suspension of the receiving device.

In one embodiment of the transport device, a counter-pressure element is arranged on the receiving device for exerting a second pressure force, which is essentially opposite to the first pressure force, on the traction means for the purpose of producing a clamping connection on the traction means.

In particular, the counter-pressure element is designed to be positioned on the side of the traction mechanism opposite the eccentric element in order to clamp the traction mechanism together with the eccentric element. In particular, the counter-pressure element is fixedly arranged or can be arranged on the transport device. This means that the counter-pressure element is typically stationary in relation to the traction means or the position of its clamping surface in relation to the traction means does not change, at least during the clamping. Alternatively, however, the counter-pressure element can also be designed as an eccentric element, as described above. It is also not excluded that the counter-pressure element can exert the second pressing force on the traction means without the effect of the eccentric element.

The arrangement of a counter-pressure element has the advantage that the clamping of the transport device with the traction means can take place more easily and securely. In particular, the eccentric element can be dimensioned smaller in this way.

In a further embodiment, the transport device has a force application device for applying force or torque to the eccentric element along the second direction of rotation.

The force exertion device is set up in particular for permanent or direction-independent positioning of the eccentric element in the desired position. The desired position of the eccentric element is that position in which a traction means in contact with the eccentric element can exert the entrainment force on the eccentric element for the purpose of rotating the eccentric element in a second direction of rotation. The force exertion device is consequently set up to establish contact between the clamping surface and the traction means. In particular, the force-exerting device is not set up to apply the required clamping force between the eccentric element and the traction means on its own.

The force exertion device can comprise a spring element, for example a tension spring, which holds the eccentric element in the desired position by applying force along the second direction of rotation.

In other words, the spring is set up to press the eccentric element against the traction means, so that there is contact between Eccentric element and traction means can be produced in such a way that the traction means can exert the entrainment force on the eccentric element. This is particularly the case when, after an obstacle has disappeared or the impact force generated by the impact on the obstacle, as described, the eccentric element can move freely again. In this case, the spring can now cause the eccentric element to rotate in the second direction of rotation and establish contact between the eccentric element and the traction mechanism.

For this purpose, the spring is dimensioned in such a way that the spring force that can be applied by it can bring the eccentric element into contact with the traction means when it is freely rotatable about the axis of rotation. In particular, the spring is further dimensioned such that the maximum spring force that can be applied by it exceeds the force required to establish contact with the traction means by a factor of at most 2 and in particular by a factor of 1.5 at most.

This embodiment has the advantage that the automatic clamping connection with the traction means can be established with a comparatively small spring. This is the case irrespective of the direction, that is to say, for example, also when the transport device is in a hanging position. In this way, the transport device can be easily and automatically reconnected to the traction means after an obstacle has disappeared.

In a further embodiment, the transport device comprises a push rod for transmitting a movement of the impact device to the eccentric element.

A push rod is a rigid body of any shape that is suitable for the transmission of thrust movements or thrust forces. The movement of the impact device to be transmitted takes place in particular as a result of the impact force and thus runs along the impact direction. Accordingly, as a result of the impact force, the impact device experiences a movement which is transmitted to the eccentric element by means of the push rod for the purpose of realizing the rotation of the eccentric element along the first direction of rotation. As a result of this rotation, the clamp connection is released.

In particular, for this purpose the push rod is mechanically connected both to the impact device and to the eccentric element and, in particular, is connected in a swivel joint.

This embodiment has the advantage that, by means of the push rod, the rotation of the eccentric element and thus the release of the clamping connection can take place in a simple, inexpensive and less prone to malfunction. Furthermore, the rotated position of the eccentric element is maintained until the obstacle disappears.

The transport device can furthermore have a deflection device for deflecting a movement to be transmitted from the impact device to the eccentric element.

The deflection of a movement is in particular the reversal of the direction of movement of the impact device. A mechanical deflection device is typically provided, for example in the form of a rocker. Such a deflection device can, for example, reverse a pushing movement or pushing force of a push rod, which is coupled to the impact device, into a pulling movement, by means of which the eccentric element can be rotated along the first direction of rotation.

In a further embodiment, the transport device for transporting objects comprises a movement device for moving the counter-pressure element. The movement device is in operative connection with the impact device in such a way that when the impact force is received from the impact direction, the counter-pressure element is moved away from the eccentric element.

In other words, the counter-pressure element can be moved away from the traction means in this way when the impact force is absorbed. The movement of the counter-pressure element and the rotation of the eccentric element along the first direction of rotation can usually take place simultaneously in order to be able to release the clamping connection particularly quickly.

This embodiment has the advantage that the clamp connection can be released even more quickly and safely, and that a small dimensioning of the eccentric element is sufficient for a firm and secure clamp connection.

In a further embodiment, the transport device has a stop element for contacting by means of an object, in particular by means of an impact device of a further transport device. The stop element is arranged in particular along the impact direction on the side of the transport device opposite the impact device.

Typically, several transport devices are used in a transport system, which can implement clamping connections with the traction means in different positions independently of one another. If the clamping connection of a first transport device to the traction device is released, it comes to a standstill and a further connected to the traction device along the Direction of movement of the traction device behind the first transport device positioned second transport device collides with the stationary first transport device. So that the impact force is now realized, as a result of which the clamping of the second transport device with the traction device is released, the stop element is arranged in a rearward position of the transport device, i.e. on the rear of the transport vehicle, in particular in relation to the intended direction of movement of the transport device when used as intended . In this way, in the described collision of the second transport device with the first transport device, the impact device of the second transport device can collide with the stop element of the first transport device and the clamping connection of the second transport device with the traction device can be released.

This has the advantage that any number of transport devices can be used in a transport system or with a common traction device, each transport device being able to bring the following transport devices to a standstill in a simple and uncomplicated manner in the event of a standstill. Only small forces occur here. Due to the complete decoupling of each individual transport device from the traction mechanism, there is no addition of forces that have to be stopped, as is known from the prior art. It is thus also possible, for example, to bring one or more transport devices arranged one behind the other on the traction means to a standstill by hand or with small-sized stop devices. The traction means can perform a continuous movement and is therefore easy to handle in terms of control technology and is very little susceptible to failure.

A second aspect of the invention is a transport system for transporting objects. This comprises at least one transport device according to the invention for transporting objects as well as a traction device, in particular an endless conveyor belt deflected by means of two deflection devices. The transport device is positioned or positionable on the traction device in such a way that the drag force can be exerted on the clamping surface by means of the traction device for the purpose of rotating the eccentric element in the second direction of rotation and a force-locking and / or positive connection can be established between the transport device and the traction device.

Typically, when the transport system is used as intended, the traction means runs essentially parallel to the installation plane and, if a counter-pressure element is present on the transport device, between this and the eccentric element.

The traction means can in particular be a conveyor belt. At least the surface of the traction means can be made of a plastic or rubber. The surface is typically made of a material which, in cooperation with the material of the clamping surface, generates sufficient static friction to exert the entrainment force or to produce a secure clamping connection. Since the clamping connection is established by means of frictional engagement, the traction means does not need to be structured, as is used, for example, to produce a form-fitting connection. This has the advantage that inexpensive conveyor belts can be used as traction means and chain systems or the like do not have to be used. However, it cannot be ruled out that tapes with a structured surface are used to improve the clamping connection.

Typically, the transport device is a self-propelled carriage that is driven by means of the traction mechanism. It therefore has wheels that roll on rails or on a rolling surface. As an alternative to this, however, the transport device can also be carried by the traction means at least in some areas. In this embodiment, the traction means is accordingly set up to absorb the weight of the transport device and any objects arranged thereon. Typically, in order to decouple the transport device from the traction means, i.e. to release the clamping connection, in this case the weight of the transport device must nevertheless be transferred to the outside, for example in defined positions for loading and unloading the transport device.

In particular, the transport system also includes the deflection devices and a continuous rolling surface for the wheels of the transport devices. Typically, several transport devices are used in a transport system.

In one embodiment of the transport system, it has a stop device for contacting by means of the impact device of the transport device.

As described, the impact device of the transport device is used to contact obstacles or, in this embodiment, the stop device, the impact force resulting from the impact being absorbed by the impact device and implemented for the purpose of rotating the eccentric element along the first direction of rotation.

For this purpose, the stop device is arranged or can be arranged in such a way that a transport device located in a clamping connection with the traction means can impact with their impact device on the stop device. For example, the impact device can be arranged in the manner of a barrier at a defined position of the traction means and, if necessary, be brought into position, for example by folding down or folding it sideways, so that the impact device can collide with the transport device. For this purpose, the stop device can be arranged in a stationary manner on the transport system, for example in the area of a rolling surface for the wheels of the transport devices. Typically, several stop devices can be arranged in different positions of the traction means.

The transport devices are typically used to transport parts to be assembled or processed in at least partially automated production lines. When they now reach a target position, their movement can be stopped by means of a correspondingly positioned stop device, so that the parts can be positioned on or on the respective receiving device or removed from it.

A third aspect of the invention is a method for transporting objects. This comprises the steps of providing a transport system according to the invention for transporting objects and moving the traction device against the direction of impact so that the traction device exerts the entrainment force on the clamping surface of the eccentric element.

Thus a rotation of the eccentric element takes place in the second direction of rotation, which causes the first pressure force and thus the entrainment of the transport device with the traction means. Typically, the clamping connection is established when the traction mechanism starts up or when an obstacle contacting the impact device, such as an obstacle, is removed. B. a stop device or the stop element of a further transport device.

The method can furthermore comprise arranging at least one object on or on the receiving device.

Furthermore, the method can include that the impact force from the impact direction is exerted on the impact device by the impact of the impact device on a stop device or on a stop element of a further transport device, which causes a rotation of the eccentric element in the first direction of rotation. In this way, the clamping connection of the eccentric element and thus the transport device with the traction device is released and the transport device comes to a standstill in front of the obstacle. In this case, any counter-pressure element that may be present can also be moved away from the eccentric element and thus away from the traction means by means of a movement device.

The invention is explained below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

• 1: eine schematische Schnittzeichnung eines Transportsystems, in welchem die erfindungsgemäße Transporteinrichtung nutzbar ist,
• 2: eine schematische Darstellung einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Transporteinrichtung, sowie
• 3: eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Transporteinrichtung.

Show it

• 1 : a schematic sectional drawing of a transport system in which the transport device according to the invention can be used,
• 2 : a schematic representation of a transport device known from the prior art, as well as
• 3 : a schematic representation of a transport device according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic overview of a transport system in which the transport device according to the invention 62 can be used in an advantageous manner. A by means of two deflection stations is shown 70 tensioned traction device 50 , namely a conveyor belt. This also includes a base body 74 which on two stands 71 on the installation level 73 is set up.

On the traction device 50 are used to transport objects 64 several transport facilities 62 shown, which realize different procedural situations. At the top left and top right are stopped transport devices 76 shown which on with respect to the traction means 50 stationary anchorage devices 72 issue. Accordingly, they are dated continuously along the direction of movement 52 revolving traction mechanism 50 decoupled. In the second position is a moving transport device 75 shown, which is in a clamped connection with the traction mechanism 50 stands. To the right of this are three pent-up, stopped transport devices arranged one behind the other 77 , 76 shown. The one along the direction of movement 52 The one positioned first is also on an anchor device 72 with the following transport facilities 62 in each case at the preceding transport device 62 issue. In order to achieve this, all transport facilities have 62 according to the invention a stop element on its rear side 78 to which the respective impact device 12th the transport device behind it 62 can impact to decouple the clamp connection.

The transport facilities shown above 62 each transport one object 64 , which in particular on or on the respective Recording device (not shown here) is arranged. In particular, pallets are arranged on the receiving devices. For the purpose of loading, as shown on the left, and for the purpose of unloading, as shown on the right, the stop devices are here 72 arranged to the appropriate transport direction 62 to stop.

It can be seen that after passing through the section of the traction mechanism located above 50 the transport facilities 62 at the deflection station shown on the right 70 experience a change of direction in order to be moved back to the left in a 180 ° rotated position, standing upside down.

On the 2 has already been included to explain the state of the art.

3 shows a schematic representation of the transport device according to the invention 62 who have a reception facility 10 includes, which by means of a support device 20th , which is realized by four wheels, on an installation level 22nd is positioned.

Analogous to 2 is a traction device 50 shown, which is a movement along the direction of movement 52 realized and on which an eccentric element for the purpose of realizing a clamping connection 30th the transport device 62 is present. This is also around an axis of rotation 32 rotatable and has a clamping surface 34 on.

When the transport direction 62 a lower speed of movement along the direction of movement 52 of the traction device 50 has than the traction means 50 , for example when the transport device is at a standstill 62 , exercises the traction device 50 an entrainment force 60 on which the traction device 50 contacting portion of the clamping surface 34 of the eccentric element 30th the end. This causes a rotation around the axis of rotation 32 along the second direction of rotation 45 , so counterclockwise, which by the inventive design of the eccentric element 30th the first pressing force 41 causes or increases.

The eccentric element is used for this purpose 30th designed in such a way according to the invention that the rotation along the second direction of rotation 45 , here clockwise, an increase in the radius measured along the pressure direction, i.e. vertically downwards R. of the eccentric element 30th causes. In this way, the clamping is realized, which entrains the transport device shown 62 with the traction mechanism 50 along the direction of movement 52 enables.

It thus takes place without exerting an external force on the eccentric element 30th an automatic clamping of the eccentric element to the traction means, with a first pressure force 41 is exerted on the traction means, which is just as large as required to produce the clamp connection. As a result, a very material-friendly solution is made available.

Furthermore, the illustrated solution according to the invention also comprises an impact device 12th that are used to absorb an impact force 14th along an impact direction 16 is set up. The direction of impact 16 is the direction of movement 52 of the traction device opposite. By means of a push rod of a rod drive 80 , which via a deflection device 82 with the eccentric element 30th is mechanically connected, can in this way in an impact of the impact device 12th on an obstacle, a rotation of the eccentric element along a first direction of rotation 44 counterclockwise. The deflection device 82 directs the pushing movement of the push rod in one to the eccentric element 30th effective pulling movement. By rotating the eccentric element 30th its radius, measured in the vertical direction, decreases R. and the first pressing force 41 becomes smaller or disappears. Which when turning in the first direction of rotation 44 resulting second radius R2 which is smaller than the first radius R1 , is also schematically in the illustrated first angular position of the eccentric element 30th shown. By definition, however, it is only in the second angular position of the eccentric element 30th effective if runs along the direction of pressure.

Furthermore, the transport device 62 a force applying device 36 for applying force to the eccentric element 30th along the second direction of rotation 45 on. This is a tension spring 37 configured, which in the event of a released clamping connection, for example under the effect of the impact force 14th , the positioning of the clamping surface 34 of the eccentric element 30th on the traction mechanism 50 realized in such a way that the entrainment force 60 on the clamping surface 34 can work.

Below the eccentric element 30th as well as the traction device 50 is a counter pressure element 38 arranged, which a second pressing force 42 on the traction device 50 exercises. This is the first pressure force 41 opposite. In this way the traction mechanism becomes 50 pinched on both sides.

List of reference symbols

10

Receiving facility

12th

Impact device

14th

Impact force

16

Direction of impact

20th

Support device

22nd

Installation level

30th

Eccentric element

32

Axis of rotation

34

Clamping surface

36

Force application device

37

Tension spring

38

Counter pressure element

41

First pressing force

42

Second pressing force

44

First direction of rotation

45

Second direction of rotation

R.

radius

R1

First radius

R2

Second radius

50

Traction means

52

Direction of movement

60

Take-along force

62

Transport device

64

object

70

Reversing station

71

Stand

72

Anchor device

73

Installation level

74

Base body

75

Moving transport device

76

Halted transport facility

77

Pent-up transport facility

78

Stop element

80

Rod gears

82

Deflection device

Claims (10)

Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64), comprising a receiving device (10) for receiving at least one object (64), the receiving device (10) being designed to be set up on a set-up level (22); an impact device (12) arranged on the receiving device (10) for receiving an impact force (14) along an impact direction (16), as well as an eccentric element (30) rotatable about an axis of rotation (32) with a clamping surface (34) for exerting a first pressure force (41) on a traction means (50) essentially perpendicular to the erection plane (22) in a pressing direction in a first angular position of the eccentric element (30) for the purpose of producing a clamping connection on the traction means (50), the eccentric element (30) along in the first angular position the pressure direction has a first radius R1, and wherein the impact device (12) is in operative connection with the eccentric element (30) such that when the impact force (14) is received along the impact direction (16) a rotation of the eccentric element (30) along a first Direction of rotation (44) takes place in a second angular position, the eccentric element (30) in the second angular position along the pressure direction has a second radius R2 and the second radius R2 is smaller than the first radius R1, so that the first pressing force (41) is reduced, characterized in that the eccentric element (30) is designed and arranged in such a way that in one substantially parallel a rotation of the eccentric element (30) in a second direction of rotation (45) can be realized so that the radius R of the eccentric element (30) ) is increased along the pressing direction and the first pressing force (41) is increased for the purpose of producing a non-positive and / or positive connection. Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) to Claim 1 , characterized in that a counter-pressure element (38) is arranged on the receiving device (10) for exerting a second pressure force (42) essentially opposing the first pressure force (41) on the traction means (50) for the purpose of producing a clamping connection on the traction means (50) . Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport device (62) has a force application device (36) for applying force or torque to the eccentric element (30) along the second direction of rotation (45). Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport device (62) comprises a push rod for transmitting a movement of the impact device (12) to the eccentric element (30). Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport device (62) has a deflection device (82) for deflecting one of the impact device (12) to the eccentric element (30) to be transmitted movement. Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport device (62) comprises a movement device for moving the counter-pressure element (38), the movement device being in operative connection with the impact device (12) that when the impact force (14) is received from the impact direction (16), the counter-pressure element (38) is moved away from the eccentric element (30). Transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport device (62) has a stop element (78) for contacting by means of an object, in particular by means of an impact device of a further transport device, the stop element (78) is arranged in particular along the impact direction on the side of the transport device (62) opposite the impact device (12). A transport system for transporting objects (64), comprising at least one transport device (62) for transporting objects (64) according to one of the Claims 1 - 7th as well as a traction device (50), in particular an endless conveyor belt deflected by means of two deflection devices, the transport device (62) being positioned or positionable on the traction device (50) in such a way that the traction device (50) is used to rotate the eccentric element (30) into the second direction of rotation (45), the entrainment force (60) can be exerted on the clamping surface (34) and in this way a non-positive and / or positive connection can be established between the transport device and the traction means. Transport system for transporting objects (64) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the transport system has a stop device (72) for contacting by means of the impact device (12) of the transport device (62). A method for transporting objects (64), comprising the steps of: - providing a transport system for transporting objects (64) according to one of the Claims 8 and 9 - Moving the traction means (50) against the direction of impact (16) so that the traction means (50) exerts the entrainment force (60) on the clamping surface (34) of the eccentric element (30).

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