DE102017205814A1 - Mechanical valve actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve actuating device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating engine, in particular an internal combustion engine, with variable valve lift, comprising: a first rocker arm part with a pivotable first coupling element, a second rocker arm part with a pivotable second coupling element, wherein the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part both are rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, and wherein a rotational movement about the common axis of rotation between the first Kipphebelteil and the second Kipphebelteil is transferable when the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element are in a coupling position.

Description

The invention relates to a valve actuating device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine, with variable valve lift.

Due to the ever-increasing demands in terms of performance, efficiency and emission variable valve trains in internal combustion engines, especially those in four-stroke operation, gain more and more importance.

With the variable valve trains, the need of the engine designers and the desire of thermodynamics can be met to alternatively transfer different valve lift curves to an engine valve, whereby both the valve lift and the opening and closing times can be adjusted. This is generally achieved by switching in the transmission path of the valve train. Hubum and Hubabschaltungssysteme with switchable cam followers, such as bucket tappets, roller tappets or rocker arms, are in various applications in series. The rule is that for each additional alternative valve lift, a corresponding cam must also be present as the lifting element - unless the alternative lift is a zero stroke.

There are different fields of application for the use of valve drives with variable or variable valve lift. Some examples are listed below:

Stroke changeover: The lift switchover allows the operating point dependent use of at least two different valve lifts. Here, a smaller valve lift, specially adapted to the partial load range, is used, which improves the torque curve and reduces fuel consumption and emissions. The large valve lift can be optimized for even more performance. A smaller valve lift with a lower maximum stroke and shorter event length allows for a reduction in charge cycle work (Miller Cycle) due to a much earlier intake-closing time and dethrottling in the intake manifold. Similar results are possible with the Atkinson cycle, which means extremely late inlet closure. An optimal filling of the combustion chamber thereby causes a torque increase in the partial load range.

Cylinder deactivation: The cylinder deactivation is mainly used with large-volume, multi-cylinder engines (for example with four, eight, ten or twelve engine cylinders). Selected engine cylinders are shut down by Hubabschaltung the intake and exhaust valves; There is a complete decoupling from the cam lift instead. Due to equidistant ignition sequences, conventional V8 and V12 engines can be switched to A4 or R6 engines. The purpose of engine cylinder deactivation is to minimize the charge cycle losses and perform an operating point shift towards higher mid pressures and hence higher thermodynamic efficiencies, which can achieve significant fuel savings.

Engine braking operation: It is known to provide in the engine cylinders of an internal combustion engine additional macro-valves, with which a so-called decompression braking can be performed by at the end of the compression stroke of a four-stroke engine, ie at the end of the second cycle, a decompression of the cylinder over the additional engine valves is performed. As a result, the work done on the compressed gas escapes via the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine again has to spend work to refill the cylinder with gas.

Furthermore, engine brakes are known which achieve the braking effect via a variable valve operation of the actual exhaust valves.

Engine braking systems are becoming increasingly important in vehicle internal combustion engines, in particular for commercial vehicles, since these are cost-effective and space-saving additional brake systems which can relieve the wheel brakes, especially on longer downhill journeys. In addition, the increase in the specific power of modern commercial vehicle engines also causes the increase in the braking power to be achieved.

Against this background describes the DE 10 2005 010 182 A1 a variable mechanical valve control of an internal combustion engine, in particular with an underlying camshaft, for setting a valve lift and an opening and closing time of at least one intake and / or exhaust valve, wherein by means of a camshaft driven tilt or swing lever via a transmission gear and at least one push rod actuate the intake and exhaust valves, wherein an intermediate lever is connected via an axis with a push rod so that a rotatably mounted on the axis crank roller is driven by a cam shaft is moved in a backdrop, wherein a first contact surface on the intermediate lever reinforced by a spring an eccentric shaft or on a second contour surface is supported and a lever is movable over a working curve over which the gas exchange valves open and / or closed be provided, and in particular on a provided on the push rod ram means for additional adjustment of the phase position of the valve lift of the gas exchange valves with simultaneous backlash adjustment of the valve and means for additional, independently controllable Ventilhuböffnung and closing per camshaft rotation are provided.

The DE 10 2010 015 719 A1 relates to a switchable drag lever for a valve train of an internal combustion engine with an inner lever, which at one end at one end a system for a gas exchange valve and at the other end a contact surface for a head of a support element is immanent, which inner lever provided at one end with protruding on both sides axle pieces is, wherein on the one axle piece a first and on the other axle a second outer arm relative to the inner lever swivels, which outer arms flanking towards the other end, outer walls of the inner lever, extend to each other as individual pieces and at their respective top a Nockenumlauffläche have, and wherein the portions of the other end on the one hand in the inner lever a coupling device for selectively connecting the outer arms with the inner lever sits and on the other hand Rückstellfedermittel are provided for each of the outer arms, the one end against the inner lever and at the other end against the respective outer arm.

The DE 100 66 056 B4 relates to a Hubventilsteuerung for at least one valve of an engine, the Hubventilsteuerung having a control shaft with a non-rotatably connected thereto, a pivot point for a balance beam having lever, wherein the balance beam arranged at both ends rollers in contact surfaces of a first and a second, on engages a common axis mounted rocker arm, the first rocker arm is driven via a cam roller of a cam and via the balance beam, the second rocker arm, which acts on the at least one valve actuated.

The DE 10 2005 012 081 A1 relates to a variable mechanical valve control of an internal combustion engine, in particular with an underlying camshaft, for setting a valve lift and an opening, closing and control time of at least one intake and / or exhaust valve, wherein by means of a camshaft driven tilt or rocker arm via a transmission gear and at least a push rod actuate the intake and exhaust valves, wherein an intermediate lever is connected via a hinge with a push rod so that the rotatably mounted on a fixed axis intermediate lever is movable by a camshaft, wherein a lever is movable over a working curve, via the gas exchange valves be opened and / or closed, and in particular on a provided on the push rod ram or rocker means for adjusting the phase position, the stroke and the opening time of the valve lift of the gas exchange valves with simultaneous play-free Ve are provided.

The US 4,612,887 A relates to a valve operating device for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine, which has a rocker arm in an end-pivoting manner. The rocker arm has two rocker arms, which are connected by a connecting pin so as to be foldable. A lock pin selectably engages the toggle either in a state of a single fixed rocker arm or in a state of a foldable rocker arm which absorbs the lift of the cam to stop operation of the valve, although the cam continues to rotate. The connecting pin is arranged so that the displacement of the rocker arm during the foldable movement thereof is minimized.

The US 4,617,880 A relates to a valve operating device for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine, which has a rocker arm in an end-pivoting manner. The rocker arm has two rocker arms, which are connected by a connecting pin so as to be foldable. A locking pin selectively places the rocker arm in a single rocker arm position or a foldable rocker arm position in which it absorbs the lift of the cam to stop operation of the valve, although the cam continues to rotate. A stopper is provided to limit the reverse position of the arms when folded to the cam.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved valve actuator. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a valve actuating device which is mechanically actuated.

This object is achieved by a valve actuating device according to claim 1 and a method for actuating a valve actuating device according to claim 27. Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims. The teaching of the claims is expressly made a part of the description.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a valve actuating device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine, with variable valve lift, comprising: a first rocker arm part with a pivotable first Coupling element, a second Kipphebelteil with a pivotable second coupling element, wherein the first Kipphebelteil and the second Kipphebelteil both are rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, and wherein a rotational movement about the common axis of rotation between the first Kipphebelteil and the second Kipphebelteil is transferable, if the first Coupling element and / or the second coupling element in a coupling position.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for actuating a valve actuating device, wherein, starting from a coupling position of a first and a second rocker arm part in a first step, during which the first and the second rocker arm part are force-free, the coupling elements are pivoted by an actuator in a Entkoppelstellung and in a second step force is exerted on the rocker arm parts, so that the coupling elements are further pivoted to a defined end position.

An engine brake in the sense of the invention is a mechanical resistance which an internal combustion engine opposes to an externally imposed torque.

A valve according to the invention is an inlet or an exhaust valve, in particular a four-stroke engine.

A valve control movement in the sense of the invention is a kinematic event, which is generated in particular by one on a camshaft and is transmitted to a valve. This event is described in particular by the physical quantities position, speed and acceleration.

A variable valve lift in the sense of the invention is a valve lift, which can be changed in any desired manner. In particular, two states may exist with respect to the variable valve lift, namely firstly a zero lift and secondly a defined valve lift.

A rocker arm part in the sense of the invention is a section of a valve lever which serves to transmit a valve control movement from a camshaft to a valve of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine. The valve lever can be designed in particular as a drag lever or rocker arm. According to the invention, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part together form a valve lever, in particular a rocker arm.

A coupling position according to the invention is a position in which two elements cooperate in such a way to transmit a rotational movement, in particular a rotational movement of a first element to the second element or vice versa. Accordingly, the elements cooperate in a decoupling position in such a way or are decoupled in such a way that no rotational movement is transferable.

The solution according to the invention is based, in particular, on the approach of configuring the valve actuating device such that a transmission of a rotational movement via a valve lever, which is formed according to the invention by a first rocker arm part and a second rocker arm part, can be switched in a simple manner from outside the valve lever.

In particular, the pivotable coupling elements can be mechanically actuated by an actuating device of the valve actuating device, as provided in the following advantageous embodiments.

Hydraulic, electronic or electromagnetic devices to transmit the valve lift from camshaft to valve are therefore not necessary according to the invention. In addition, according to the invention, the adjustment of the valve lift can take advantage of the rotational movement generated by a cam, which acts on one of the rocker arm parts.

If the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element are in the coupling position, a valve control movement can be transmitted from a camshaft via the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part to a valve. Preferably, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part form a fixed valve lever in the coupling position.

In an advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part form a foldable valve lever in order to absorb a rotational movement of one of the rocker arm parts when the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element are in a decoupling position. In particular, by a folding of the valve lever formed by the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part, a movement which is introduced into the valve actuating device via one of the rocker arm parts can be absorbed. The lever, which is not actuated on the cam side, thus makes a "Lost Motion" stroke. According to the invention, the first coupling element and the second coupling element preferably pivot against one another for this purpose, so that the total extent of the valve lever formed by the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part about the common axis of rotation is reduced. Due to the smaller overall extent, the initiated movement is not forwarded.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are coupled by a first joint, in particular connected. By providing the first joint, the rocker arm parts can be held to each other in a defined position and operated together.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first coupling element with the first rocker arm part are connected by a second joint and the second coupling element with the second rocker arm part by a third joint.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element by a restoring device, in particular at least one spring, biased. By providing a return device with respect to the coupling elements, a rest position of the coupling elements can be defined, which is taken as a normal position when no actuator acts on the coupling elements.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the valve actuating device further comprises an actuating device which is configured to actuate at least one of the coupling elements, in particular via the first joint. Preferably, for this purpose, a tread is provided on the coupling elements or on the first joint or one of its elements, which can cooperate with the actuating device. By the action of the actuator on the coupling elements they can be brought from their normal position. As a result, either a coupling position or a decoupling position can be realized.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the actuating device is adapted to act for decoupling the Kipphebelteil in the radial direction outward with respect to the axis of rotation. As a result, the rocker arm parts from their normal position, in this case the coupling position, in a Entkoppelstellung be brought. In this Entkoppelstellung initiating a rotational movement on one of the rocker arm parts does not lead to rotation of the other rocker arm part and thus the entire valve lever, but a valve control movement is absorbed by the coupling elements and leads to a movement of the valve lever parts relative to each other.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the valve actuating device is adapted to act on the at least one of the coupling elements for coupling the rocker arm parts in the radial direction inwardly with respect to the axis of rotation. In this advantageous embodiment, the normal position is a Entkoppelstellung and the actuator brings the coupling elements in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the actuating device is adapted to press the two coupling elements (or rocker arm parts) against a bias of a restoring device, in particular at least one spring in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the actuating device is adapted to hold the two coupling elements (or rocker arms) against a bias of a restoring device, in particular at least one spring in a Entkoppelstellung, in such a way that a rotational movement of the Kipphebelteile pivoting the Coupling elements against each other and in relation to the rocker arm parts can cause.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the actuating device has a, in particular coaxial with the Kipphebelteilen arranged disc, which has at least two different radii on its circumference, a first, smaller radius for the realization of the coupling position of the coupling elements (or rocker arm parts) and a second, larger radius for realizing the Entkoppelstellung the coupling elements (or rocker arm parts), wherein the disc is preferably rotatable about the rotation axis independently of the Kipphebelteilen. The disc, which is preferably mounted by means of a hollow shaft on the camshaft, can be brought by rotation in the coupling position and the Entkoppelstellung.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the actuating device has a latching element and the at least one coupling element has a detent which is adapted to hold the at least one coupling element in a defined position, in particular in a coupling position or a decoupling position, during an interaction. The latching element preferably prevents a return device at least one of the two coupling elements back into the Normal position, that is the coupling position or Entkoppelstellung, can bring.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the coupling elements are designed in such a way to block each other in relation to their pivoting movement when applying a torque to the Kipphebelteilen in the coupling position. This mutual blocking corresponds to a kind of "self-inhibition". The greater the torque applied to the rocker arm parts around the common axis of rotation, the stronger is preferably the blocking between the two coupling elements of the rocker arm parts.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the blocking is achieved in that a first plane in which a second pivot axis of the second joint and a first pivot axis of the first joint lie, and a second plane in which a third pivot axis of the third joint and the first pivot axis of the first joint, in the coupling position on an axis of rotation facing side to each other at an angle α of more than 180 °, preferably at least about 185 °. As a result, a torque is generated in the region of the first pivot axis when a torque acts on the two rocker arm parts, which causes a pivoting movement towards the common axis of rotation and thus blocks the coupling elements in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, a one-sided blocking of the coupling elements is achieved in that a first plane in which a second pivot axis of the second joint and a first pivot axis of the first joint lie, and a second plane in which a third pivot axis of the third Joint and the first pivot axis of the first joint are in the coupling position on an axis of rotation facing side to each other an angle α of less than 180 °, preferably at most about 175 °. As a result, when a torque acts on the rocker arm parts on the first joint, a torque is caused away from the common axis of rotation, thus causing a pivoting movement. By this, the two coupling elements are folded against each other, so that the expansion of the valve lever is smaller. The torque applied to the rocker arms and the consequent movement is thus absorbed by the valve actuator.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first joint has a blocking element, in particular a bolt or a ball, which is mounted on both coupling elements and defines the relative position of the two coupling elements to each other at least in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention, the blocking element is slidably mounted on at least one of the two coupling elements, in particular in an elongated recess, in particular in such a way that between the first coupling element and the second coupling element and / or between the blocking element and the first or second coupling element in the coupling position can form a gap. The slidable bearing ensures that the valve lever to the camshaft does not lose contact even if a torque is applied to the valve lever via another rocker arm part by another cam.

In a further advantageous refinement of the valve actuating device, the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element have force-acting surfaces which can come into contact with one another or with the blocking element in the coupling position or are in contact. The force-acting surfaces serve to forward a main part of a torque, which acts on one of the rocker arm parts, in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the force-acting surfaces are planes which each include an angle β with an amount less than approximately 10 ° and a radial plane in which the axis of rotation and the first pivot axis lie, and are preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to the radial plane , This ensures that the coupling elements block each other in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the force-acting surfaces are arranged on a side remote from the axis of rotation of the coupling elements. This also reinforces blocking of the coupling elements in the coupling position.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the blocking element is a ball and the force-acting surface of the first coupling element and / or the force-acting surface of the second coupling element are spherical and arranged in such a way to cooperate with the blocking element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention, the blocking element is a cylindrical element and the force-acting surface of the first coupling element and / or the force-acting surface of the second Coupling element are hollow cylindrical and arranged in such a way to cooperate with the blocking element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention, the blocking element is formed integrally with the first coupling element or with the second coupling element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention, the first rocker arm part has a first pickup, in particular a roller, to tap a contour of a first cam, and the second rocker arm part has a valve lifter to actuate the at least one valve, wherein the valve actuating device is arranged to transmit a valve control movement from the first cam to the at least one valve. Preferably, the valve stem is designed as a valve bridge or there is an additional valve bridge to operate two valves.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the second rocker arm part has a second pickup, in particular a roll pickup, in order to tap off a contour of a second cam. In this case, the valve control movement of the second cam is constantly transmitted via the second rocker arm part to the valve lifter. In addition, via the first rocker arm part and the coupling elements, a second valve control movement can be transmitted from the first cam to the valve lifter.

In a further advantageous embodiment, which is an alternative to the preceding advantageous embodiment, the valve actuating device has a third rocker arm with a pivotable third coupling element and a second pickup, in particular a roller, to tap a contour of the second cam, wherein the second rocker arm part additionally a pivotable fourth coupling element, wherein the third Kipphebelteil is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation and a rotational movement between the third Kipphebelteil and the second Kipphebelteil is transferable when the third coupling element and the fourth coupling element are in a coupling position. In this embodiment, a valve control movement may be selectively transmitted from the first cam via the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part and / or a second valve control movement from the second cam via the third rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part to a valve.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve actuating device, the first rocker arm part at least in the Entkoppelstellung by a first restoring element against the first cam is prestressed and / or the second or third rocker arm part at least in the Entkoppelstellung by a second restoring element against the second cam prestressed. In this way it can be ensured that a valve pickup is in constant contact with the respective cam. This has the advantage that no shocks caused by a re-contact of the valve with the cam cam, which generates a strong noise and wear of the cam and / or the customer would result.

The features and advantages described in relation to the valve actuating device according to the invention also apply to a method according to the invention for actuating a valve actuating device and vice versa. In the method according to the invention starting from a coupling position of the first and second Kipphebelteils in a first step, during which the first and second Kipphebelteil preferably force-free, the coupling elements are pivoted by an actuator in a Entkoppelstellung, and in a second step, force on the Kipphebelteile exerted, so that the coupling elements are further pivoted to a defined end position. The teaching of the individual advantageous embodiments can in principle be combined with one another.

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 2 und 3 Seitenansichten auf eine Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung gemäß 1 in der Koppelstellung;
• 4 und 5 Seitenansichten auf eine Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung gemäß 1 in Entkoppelstellung;
• 6 und 7 Seitenansichten einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung in Koppelstellung;
• 8 und 9 Seitenansichten der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung in Entkoppelstellung;
• 10(a)-(e) verschiedene Ansichten eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die erste oder zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 11(a)-(e) verschiedene Ansichten eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die erste oder zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 12(a)-(e) verschiedene Ansichten eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die erste oder zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 13(a)-(c), (d-1), (d-2), (e) verschiedene Ansichten eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die erste oder zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 14(a)-(d) verschiedene Ansichten eines fünften Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die erste oder zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 15 und 16 Seitenansichten auf eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 17(a)-(d) verschiedene Ansichten eines sechsten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Gesamtheit aus erstem Gelenk und den Kopplungselementen für die dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 18 und 19 Seitenansichten auf eine vierte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung;
• 20 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Variante der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung mit einem schaltbaren Ventilhebel und einem festen Ventilhebel; und
• 21 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren Variante einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung mit zwei schaltbaren Ventilhebeln.

Further features and advantages will become apparent from the description of the embodiments with reference to the figures. At least partially schematically show:

• 1 a perspective view of a first embodiment of a valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 2 and 3 Side views of a valve actuator according to 1 in the coupling position;
• 4 and 5 Side views of a valve actuator according to 1 in decoupling position;
• 6 and 7 Side views of a second embodiment of a valve actuating device according to the invention in the coupling position;
• 8th and 9 Side views of the second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention in Entkoppelstellung;
• 10 (a) - (e) different views of a first embodiment of an entirety of the first joint and the coupling elements for the first or second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 11 (a) - (e) different views of a second embodiment of an assembly of the first joint and the coupling elements for the first or second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 12 (a) - (e) different views of a third embodiment of an entirety of the first joint and the coupling elements for the first or second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 13 (a) (c), (d-1), (d-2), (e) show various views of a fourth embodiment of an entirety of the first hinge and the coupling elements for the first or second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 14 (a) - (d) different views of a fifth embodiment of an assembly of the first joint and the coupling elements for the first or second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 15 and 16 Side views of a third embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 17 (a) - (d) various views of a sixth embodiment of an entirety of the first joint and the coupling elements for the third embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 18 and 19 Side views of a fourth embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention;
• 20 a perspective view of a variant of the first embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention with a switchable valve lever and a fixed valve lever; and
• 21 a perspective view of another variant of a first embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention with two switchable valve levers.

1 shows a first embodiment of a valve actuating device according to the invention 1 , Comparable elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in all figures.

The valve operating device according to 1 has a first rocker arm part 2 and a second rocker arm part 4 which together form a valve lever, in the embodiment shown a so-called rocker arm, with which a valve control movement, that of a contour of a first cam 19 is given to a valve tappet 20 or a valve bridge can be passed which actuate at least one intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine.

To decrease the through the contour of the cam 19 predetermined movement, the first rocker arm part 2 preferably a customer role 18 which further preferably rotatable on the second rocker arm part 2 is stored. Furthermore, the second rocker arm part 2 preferably with a return element 26 in the in the 1 shown embodiment, a return spring 26 , with the customer role 18 against the contour of the cam 19 pressed. The return spring 26 hereby preferably rests on the housing of the internal combustion engine, which the valve actuating device 1 preferably stores, from.

The first valve lever part 2 and the second valve lever part 4 are about a common axis of rotation 6 , preferably on a common axis, rotatably mounted.

The first valve lever part 2 has a first coupling element 3 on which by means of a second joint 8th on the first valve lever part 2 is pivotally mounted. The second valve lever part 4 also has a second coupling element 5 on which a third joint 9 preferably also pivotable on the second valve lever part 4 is attached.

The first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 are preferably by means of a joint 7 connected so that the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 can also be pivoted relative to each other.

The joint 7 is preferably by respective receptacles in the first coupling element 3 and in the second coupling element 5 realized, which by means of a blocking element 12 , in the embodiment of 1 a ball (not visible), are coupled to each other pivotally. Furthermore, the valve actuating device 1 preferably an actuating device 11 which in the embodiment of the 1 is formed by a disk. The disc 11 is like the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 , preferably concentric with the common axis of rotation 6 arranged and can also, preferably independent of the first rocker arm part 2 and / or from the second rocker arm part 4 to the common axis of rotation 6 to be twisted.

The actuator 11 is on the same axis as the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 preferably stored by means of a kind of hollow shaft.

The disc 11 has two areas with different outer radii r1, r2.

Both the disc 11 has a tread 28 on, as well as preferably a customer of the first coupling element 3 a tread 29 having.

The tread 28 the actuating disk 11 and the tread 29 of the bolt can cooperate to the coupling elements 3 . 5 to bring in defined positions.

The second coupling element 5 is by a reset device 10 in the illustrated embodiment also a return spring, provided in the manner with a bias that the second coupling element, and thus also the first coupling element 3 in the radial direction inwards to the common axis of rotation 6 biased towards. By this bias is a normal position of the coupling elements 3 . 5 defined, which corresponds to the coupling position in the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively or additionally, the restoring device could also be applied to the first coupling element 3 act, for example as a second return spring.

In the illustrated arrangement of the actuating disk 11 in terms of the bolt 12 are the joint 7 and thus also the two mutually facing ends of the coupling elements 3 . 4 in a coupling position, since the tread 29 of the bolt 12 on a region of the actuating disk 11 is located, which has a small radius r1. Would the tread 29 of the bolt 12 in the range of the larger radius r2 of the operating spell 11 on the tread 28 the actuating disk 11 abut, so would the joint 7 and thus the two mutually facing ends of the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 radially from the common axis of rotation 6 pushed away to the outside, whereby they would take a decoupling position.

The 2 and 3 show the first embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention after 1 in side view, wherein the coupling elements 3 . 5 are in the coupling position.

In 2 is the actuating disk 11 in a rotational position in which the tread 29 of the first coupling element 3 with the small radius r1 of the tread 28 interacts. This will be the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 blocked against each other, causing the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 for common rotation about the common axis of rotation 6 are coupled.

In 2 is the first cam 19 in a position in which the roll taker 18 of the first rocker arm part 2 at a small radius of the first cam 19 is applied. In 3 however, the first cam is 19 so twisted that the roll taker 18 in an area of the contour of the first cam 19 is present, in which this has a large radius and thus the first rocker arm 2 and thus the coupled with this for rotation second rocker arm 4 around the common axis of rotation 6 twisted, so that on the one hand the valve lifter 20 a valve (not shown) actuated and on the other hand the return element 26 is compressed.

The 4 and 5 represent two more side views of a valve actuating device according to the invention 1 according to the first embodiment according to 1 in contrast to the 2 and 3 the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 are decoupled from each other.

4 corresponds here with respect to the first cam 19 the in 2 represented situation, that is the customer role 18 lies in an area on the contour of the first cam 19 in which it has a small radius.

In contrast to 2 is the actuating disk 11 the valve actuator 1 in a rotational position with respect to the first joint 7 or the ball 12 of the first joint 7 in which the tread 29 of the first coupling element 3 in an area of the tread 28 the actuating disk is arranged, in which it has its large radius r2. This will in the situation of 4 the bolt 12 and thus the first joint 7 and the adjacent ends of the coupling elements 3 . 5 radially outward from the common axis of rotation 6 pushed away. As a result, the first coupling element rotate 3 and the second coupling element 5 against each other and the two coupling elements 3 . 5 are in a folding position.

Moves the Rollabnehmer 18 now on the contour of the first cam 19 towards the area of the large radius of the cam 19 , so the first rocker arm part begins 2 to, around the common axis of rotation 6 to turn clockwise. Since the valve or valves, not shown, via the valve stem 20 and / or a valve bridge, not shown, a resistance to the first rocker arm part 4 exercise and get the coupling elements 3 . 5 are in a Entkoppelstellung, the rotational movement of the first Kipphebelteils 2 not clockwise to the second rocker arm part 4 passed, but the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 continue to rotate against each other and form a folding position, so that the first rocker arm part 2 the second rocker arm part 4 approaches. The through the first cam 19 induced movement therefore results in the situation of 4 not in a valve control movement, but is the entirety of the two coupling elements 3 . 5 and the first joint 7 , the second joint 8th and the third joint 9 absorbed.

The 6 to 9 relate to a second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention 1 ,

Unlike in the 1 to 5 shown first embodiment, the coupling elements 3 . 5 by a return device (not shown), in particular a spring, or in each case a return device radially from the common axis of rotation 6 the valve actuator 1 pushed outward.

The normal position of the coupling elements 3 . 5 is in the second embodiment shown here, therefore, a Entkoppelstellung, as shown in the 8th and 9 in a side view of the second embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention 1 is shown. The coupling position, in which a valve control movement of the first cam 19 to the valve lifter 20 over the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 is transferred, as in the 6 and 7 , achieved by the fact that the actuating device 11 , In the present embodiment, a roller, for example, is movably mounted on the housing of the internal combustion engine.

The actuating device 11 is to effect the coupling position, as in the 6 and 7 shown on an outer surface of the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element 5 pressed, so that the whole of the first coupling element, the first joint 7 and second coupling element 5 in the direction of the common axis of rotation 6 is pressed.

Here, the coupling position on the one hand by the contact pressure of the actuator 11 be maintained, alternatively, may also be provided in the coupling position, that the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 each other in the coupling position when a torque acts on the valve lever 2 . 4 To block.

In the 8th and 9 , which the 4 and 5 with respect to the first embodiment, the actuator is 11 not at the stop with the first coupling element 3 and / or the second coupling element 5 so that the coupling elements 3 . 5 are brought by the return device in the normal position of a Entkoppelstellung. Will now, as in 9 shown, the first rocker arm part 2 through the large radius of the first cam 19 twisted, so arises between the first rocker arm 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 a relative movement, since the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 to pivot against each other or folded.

Based on 10 to 14 and 17 become four embodiments of assemblies with first coupling element 3 , second coupling element 5 and first joint 7 explained. A partial figure (a) shows a side view, a partial figure (b) a perspective view, the partial figures (c), and (d) (or in 13 the sub-figures (d-1) and (d-2)) perspective views of the two coupling elements 3 . 5 and a part figure (s), as far as a separate element in the respective embodiment, a blocking element 12 ,

10 shows various views of a first embodiment of an entirety of the first coupling element 3 , second coupling element 5 , first joint 7 , second joint 8th and third joint 9 , This entirety can be used with valve actuators 1 the first embodiment or the second embodiment according to the 1 to 9 be used.

10a shows the whole case in an arrangement which corresponds to the coupling position. In this case, those in the 10c and 10d shown respective Kraftwirkflächen 16 of the first coupling element 3 and the force-acting surfaces 17 of the second coupling element 5 in attack. Preferably, in this case, the angle α, which in the installed state on the side of the common axis of rotation 6 a valve actuator 1 would lie between a plane passing through a first pivot axis 13 of the first joint 7 and a second pivot axis 14 of the second joint 8th is spanned, and a plane which through the first pivot axis 13 of the first joint 7 and the third pivot axis 15 of the third joint 9 is clamped, more than 180 °.

The in 10a shown angle is exemplified 185 °.

Acts between the second joint 8th and the third joint 9 a torque, for example when a cam rotation of the first rocker arm part 2 the valve actuator 1 causes, so arises by the arrangement of the first pivot axis 13 in relation to the second swivel axis 14 and the third pivot axis 15 which is defined by the previously defined planes, a blockage of the first coupling element 3 by cooperation with the second coupling element 5 ,

The angle β between the arrangement of the force-acting surfaces and a radial plane in which the axis of rotation 6 and the common pivot axis 13 are preferably less than 10 °.

11 shows a further embodiment of an entity after 10 , which in a valve actuator 1 according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment according to the 1 to 9 can be used. The main difference to the embodiment according to 10 is that the first coupling element 3 tabs 30a . 30b which, together with the bolt 12 out 11e and the hole 31 of the second coupling element 5 in 11d the first joint 7 form. Unlike the 10 have these tabs 30a . 30b of the first coupling element 3 elongated recesses 32a . 32b on. This may cause the bolt 12 in the direction of the recesses 32a . 32b move.

In interaction with reset elements 26 . 27 as in the 1 to 9 shown, in the unloaded state of a valve lever thereby a valve clearance and thus the lifting of a roller 18 from the contour of a first cam 19 be prevented. This slips the bolt 12 in the elongated recesses 32a . 32b in 11 to the right, so that the whole lengthens and the force acting surfaces 16 . 17 get out of contact in the coupling position.

This has the consequence that the entire valve lever from the first rocker arm part 3 and second rocker arm part 4 extended is a lifting a rollabnehmers 18 thus prevented by the cam.

12 shows various views of a third embodiment of an entity, as well as in the 10 and 11 is shown.

The third embodiment of 12 differs from the second embodiment of the 11 in particular in that the force acting surface 17 around the hole 31 of the second coupling element 5 is designed as a cylinder and the corresponding force acting surface 16 of the first coupling element 3 is designed as a partial hollow cylinder, as in 12e is shown.

This has the advantage that the force acting surface 17 as close as possible to an imaginary connecting line between the joints 8th . 9 the coupling elements 3 . 5 is arranged.

13 shows various views of a fourth embodiment of an entity, as well as in the 10 to 12 is shown. The fourth embodiment of 13 differs from the second embodiment of the 11 and the third embodiment of 12 especially in that the in 13e illustrated blocking element 12 is designed as a ball. This ball 12 is also in elongated recesses 32a . 32b in tabs 30a . 30b of the first coupling element 3 added. In the second coupling element 5 becomes the ball 12 in two oppositely arranged holes 31a . 31b (not visible because of the ball 12 covered). Together, the recesses and the ball form 12 the first joint 7 ,

The force-acting surface is in the fourth embodiment according to 13 , as in 13d - 1 shown, on the one hand by the surface 17 the ball and on the other hand by a likewise spherically shaped hollow surface 16a of the first coupling element 3 and a likewise spherically shaped hollow surface 16b (not visible because of the ball 12 hidden) of the second coupling element 5 educated. The spherical force acting surface 16b is however in the view after 13d - 2 without a ball 12 visible, noticeable.

14 shows various views of a fifth embodiment of an entity, as well as in the 10 to 13 is shown.

The entirety of the fifth embodiment according to 14 differs from the third embodiment according to 13 in particular in that the blocking element 12 which is designed in both embodiments as a ball, in the 14 is firmly connected to the second coupling element.

This ball 12 is in a closed recess from three sides 32 in the first coupling element 3 led, where also, as in the embodiments of the 11 to 13 , a displacement of the ball in the recess 32 is possible to lift the roll-off 18 to avoid from the cam. As in the fourth embodiment of 13 , as in 14c shown is the force acting surface 16 of the first coupling element 3 , which with the force acting surface 17 the ball 12 interacts, spherically formed.

The 15 and 16 show two side views of a third embodiment of the valve actuating device according to the invention 1 , In contrast to the first and second embodiments, the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 not firmly connected in this third embodiment. This way, as in 16 shown a continuous contact between roller and cam by forming a gap S between the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 , in particular between the first coupling element 3 and its second coupling element 5 , be guaranteed.

A whole of first coupling element 3 and second coupling element 4 is here in relation to the third embodiment, in 17 presented from different perspectives.

The first joint 7 is in the illustrated entirety by a cylinder 12 formed, which is an integral part of the second coupling element 5 is, and a part of a hollow cylinder with the force acting surface 16 , which is part of the first coupling element 3 is. Accordingly, the in 17c and 17d drawn force-effective surfaces 16 . 17 together.

The person skilled in the art knows that the respectively cooperating elements of the first rocker arm part 2 and the second rocker arm part 4 could be reversed. In particular, the recesses could 32 . 32a . 32b and the holes 31 . 31a . 31b and also an arrangement of the respective blocking element 12 each be reversed.

The 18 and 19 show a fourth embodiment of a valve actuating device according to the invention 1 , This differs from the first, second and third embodiment in particular in that the actuating device 11 a latching element which, with a corresponding catch on the second coupling element 5 of the second rocker arm part 4 interacts.

18 shows a coupling position, in which the locking element 11 with the catch 33 engages and thus pivoting or folding of the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 prevented against each other. This position therefore represents a coupling position, in which a valve control movement of the first cam 19 to the valve lifter 20 is transmitted.

In 18 is the locking element 11 in a position where this is not with the catch 33 engages the second coupling element. Since the angle α in the locked position in 18 is smaller than 180 °, which corresponds to a Entkoppelstellung become the coupling elements 3 . 5 upon application of a rotation to the first rocker arm part 2 pivoted against each other, so that also here a valve control movement is not transmitted.

19 shows the coupling elements 3 . 5 in the pivoted position.

The expert knows, of course, that the locking element 11 also in the first rocker arm part 2 could be arranged and there with a corresponding to the first coupling element 3 arranged catch could cooperate for the realization of the coupling position.

20 shows a variant of the first embodiment of the valve operating device 1 to 1 , The second rocker arm part 4 is formed in this embodiment not only as a second half of a valve lever, which is the first rocker arm part 3 and the second rocker arm part 4 includes, but the second rocker arm part 4 Instead, it additionally forms a valve lever which has no variable valve lift.

As a result, not only one through the first cam 19 generated valve control movement over the first roll taker 18 to the valve lifter 20 be transferred with variable valve lift, but in addition, a valve control movement, which by the second cam 22 caused by the second roll taker 21 and the second rocker arm part 4 permanently to the valve lifter 20 transfer.

By means of the variant of the valve actuating device according to 20 In this way, two different valve control movements can be transmitted, with only one having a variable valve lift.

The 21 shows a further variant of the valve actuating device 1 in the first embodiment according to 1 ,

In contrast to the second variant according to 20 has the valve actuator 1 a third rocker arm part 23 on which a third coupling element 24 includes. The second rocker arm part 4 has another, in addition to the second coupling element 5 existing, fourth coupling element 25 on.

The third coupling element 24 and the fourth coupling element 25 act in a similar way as the first coupling element 3 and the second coupling element 5 , Thus, by the second cam 22 caused valve control movement, in contrast to the second variant of 20 , be transferred with variable valve lift, depending on whether the third and fourth coupling elements 24 . 25 in a coupling position or in a decoupling position.

To actuate this variable valve lift, the valve actuator 1 another actuating disk 11b on, in addition to an actuating disk 11a which the entirety of the first coupling element 3 , second coupling element 5 and first joint 7 pressed (in 21 not visible, because it is hidden).

Accordingly, the valve operating device 1 according to 21 a second return element 27 on which the third rocker arm part 23 against the second cam 22 biases. Such a second return element 27 could of course also in the second variant according to the 20 be provided.

It should be noted that the teaching according to the invention can also be implemented on a large number of modifications of the embodiments, exemplary embodiments and variants presented above.

In particular, the other embodiments of the valve actuator could 1 which in the 6 to 9 , in the 15 and 16 and the 18 and 19 are shown, as well as other embodiments of the coupling elements 3 . 5 comprehensive entities, which in the 10 to 14 are shown in valve actuation devices 1 for transmitting a plurality of valve timing movements, as in the 20 and 21 are shown, are used and other variants of the valve actuating device according to the invention 1 form.

The valve actuating device according to the invention 1 Can also be used with overhead camshafts as well as with underlying camshafts.

It should also be noted that the above-described embodiments, embodiments and variants are merely examples that are not intended to limit the scope, application and structure in any way. Rather, the expert is given by the preceding description, a guide for the implementation of at least one exemplary embodiment, with various changes, in particular with regard to the function and arrangement of the described components, can be made without leaving the scope, as it turns out according to the claims and these equivalent combinations of features.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Valve actuator

2

First rocker arm

3

First coupling element

4

Second rocker arm part

5

Second coupling element

6

axis of rotation

7

First joint

8th

Second joint

9

Third joint

10

Reset device

11, 11a, 11b

actuator

12

blocking element

13

First pivot axis

14

Second pivot axis

15

Third pivot axis

16, 16a, 16b

Force acting surface of the coupling elements

17

Force acting surface

18

First customer

19

First cam

20

tappet

21

Second customer

22

Second cam

23

Third rocker arm part

24

Third coupling element

25

Fourth coupling element

26

First reset element

27

Second reset element

28, 29

tread

30a, 30b

flap

31, 31a, 31b

drilling

32, 32a, 32b

recess

33

notch

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102005010182 A1 [0010]
• DE 102010015719 A1 [0011]
• DE 10066056 B4 [0012]
• DE 102005012081 A1 [0013]
• US 4612887 A [0014]
• US 4617880A [0015]

Claims (27)

Valve actuating device (1) for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston engine with a variable valve lift, in particular an internal combustion engine, comprising: a first rocker arm part (2) with a pivotable first coupling element (3), a second rocker arm part (4) with a pivotable second coupling element (5), wherein the first rocker arm part (2) and the second rocker arm part (4) are both rotatably supported about a common axis of rotation (6), and wherein a rotational movement about the common axis of rotation (6) between the first rocker arm part (2) and the second rocker arm part (4) is transferable when the first coupling element (3) and / or the second coupling element (5) are in a coupling position. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 1 wherein the first rocker arm part (2) and the second rocker arm part (4) form a foldable valve lever for absorbing rotational movement of one of the rocker arm parts (2, 4) when the first coupling element (3) and / or the second coupling element (5 ) are in a Entkoppelstellung. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 1 or 2 wherein the first coupling element (3) and the second coupling element (5) are coupled, in particular connected, by a first joint (7). Valve operating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first coupling element (3) with the first rocker arm part (2) by a second joint (8) and the second coupling element (5) with the second rocker arm part (4) by a third joint ( 9) are connected. Valve operating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first coupling element (3) and / or the second coupling element (5) by a restoring means (10), in particular at least one spring, are biased. Valve operating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an actuating device (11) which is adapted to actuate at least one of the coupling elements (3, 5), in particular via the first joint (7). Valve operating device (1) after Claim 6 in that the actuating device (11) is arranged to act in the radially outward direction with respect to the axis of rotation (6) for uncoupling the rocker arm parts (2, 4) or for coupling the rocker arm parts (2, 4) inward in the radial direction acting on the axis of rotation (6) on the at least one of the coupling elements (3, 5). Valve operating device (1) after Claim 6 or 7 , wherein the actuating device (11) is arranged to press the two coupling elements (3, 5) against a bias of a restoring device (10), in particular at least one spring, into the coupling position. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 6 or 7 in that the actuating device (11) is arranged to hold the two coupling elements (3, 5) in a decoupling position against a bias of a restoring device (10), in particular at least one spring, in such a way that a rotational movement of one of the rocker arm parts (2 , 4) a pivoting of the coupling elements (3, 5) against each other and in relation to the rocker arm parts (2, 4) can effect. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 9 , wherein the actuating device (11) has a, in particular coaxial with the Kipphebelteilen (2, 4) arranged disc having on its circumference at least two different radii (r1, r2), a first, smaller radius (r1) for the realization of Coupling position of the coupling elements (3, 5) and a second, larger radius (r2) for realizing a Entkoppelstellung the coupling elements (3, 5), wherein the disc is preferably independent of the Kipphebelteilen (2, 4) about the axis of rotation (6) rotatable , Valve operating device (1) after Claim 6 , wherein the actuating device (11) is a latching device and the at least one coupling element has a catch (33) which, when interacting, the at least one coupling element (3, 5) in a defined position, in particular in the coupling position or a Entkoppelstellung , to keep. Valve operating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling elements (3, 5) are formed in such a way to mutually block in relation to their pivotal movement when applying a torque to the Kipphebelteilen 2, 4 in the coupling position. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 4 to 12 wherein a first plane in which a second pivot axis (14) of the second articulation (8) and a first pivot axis (13) of the first articulation (7) lie, and a second plane in which a third pivot axis (15) of the third Joint (9) and the first pivot axis (13) of the first joint (7) are, in the coupling position on a side facing the axis of rotation (6) mutually an angle α of more than 180 °, preferably at least about 185 °. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 4 to 12 wherein a first plane in which a second pivot axis (14) of the second articulation (8) and a first pivot axis (13) of the first articulation (7) lie, and a second plane in which a third pivot axis (15) of the third Joint (9) and the first pivot axis (13) of the first joint (7) are in the coupling position on one of the axis of rotation (6) facing each other an angle α of less than 180 °, preferably at most about 175 °. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 3 to 14 , wherein the first joint (7) has a blocking element (12), in particular a bolt or a ball, which is mounted on both coupling elements (3, 5) and the relative position of the two coupling elements (3, 5) to each other at least in the Coupling position defined. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 15 wherein the blocking element (12) is displaceably mounted on at least one of the coupling elements (3, 5), in particular in an elongate recess (32, 32a, 32b), in particular in such a way that between the first coupling element (2) and the second coupling element (4) and / or between the blocking element (12) and the first or second coupling element in the coupling position, a gap (S) can form. Valve operating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first coupling element (3) and / or the second coupling element (5) Kraftwirkflächen (16, 17) which can come into contact with each other or in the coupling element (12) in the coupling position or in contact. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 17 wherein the force-acting surfaces (16, 17) are planes each having an angle β with an amount less than approximately 10 ° with a radial plane in which the axis of rotation (6) and a first pivot axis (13) of a first articulation (7) lie, include, and are preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to the radial plane. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 17 or 18 , Wherein the force-acting surfaces (16, 17) on the the rotation axis (6) facing away from the coupling elements (3, 5) are arranged. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 15 to 19 wherein the blocking element (12) is a ball and the force-acting surface (16a) of the first coupling element (3) and / or the force-acting surface (16b) of the second coupling element (5) are spherical and arranged in such a way as to engage with the blocking element (12) to cooperate. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 15 to 19 wherein the blocking element (12) is a cylindrical element and wherein the force-acting surface (16) of the first coupling element (3) and / or the force-acting surface (17) of the second coupling element (5) is formed as a hollow cylinder and arranged in such a way to to cooperate with the blocking element (12). Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 15 to 21 wherein the blocking element is formed integrally with the first coupling element or with the second coupling element. Valve operating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first rocker arm part (2) has a first pickup (18), in particular a roller, for tapping a contour of a first cam (19) and the second rocker arm part (4) a tappet ( 20) for actuating the at least one valve, the valve actuating device (1) being arranged to transmit a valve control movement from the first cam (19) to the at least one valve. Valve operating device (1) after Claim 23 in that the second rocker arm part (4) has a second pickup (21), in particular a roller, in order to tap off a contour of a second cam (22). Valve operating device (1) after Claim 23 a third rocker arm part (23) having a pivotable third coupling element (24) and a second pickup (21), in particular a roller, having to pick off a contour of a second cam (22), wherein the second rocker arm part (4) additionally a pivotable fourth coupling element (25), wherein the third rocker arm part (23) is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation (6) and a rotational movement between the third rocker arm part (23) and the second rocker arm part (4) is transferable when the third coupling element (24 ) and the fourth coupling element (25) are in a coupling position. Valve operating device (1) according to one of Claims 23 to 25 wherein the first rocker arm part (2) can be prestressed against the first cam (19) at least in the uncoupling position by a first return element (26) and / or the second or third rocker arm part (4; 24) at least in the decoupling position by a second one Restoring element (27) against the second cam (22) is prestressed. Method for actuating a valve actuating device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 26 in which, starting from a coupling position of the first and second rocker arm part (2, 4) in a first work step during which the first and the second rocker arm part (2, 4) are preferably force-free, the coupling elements (3, 5) by an actuating device (11 ) are pivoted into a Entkoppelstellung, and in a second step force on the Kipphebelteile (2, 4) is applied, so that the coupling elements (3, 5) are further pivoted to a defined end position.

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