DE102016225931A1 - Solar cooking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar cooking device comprising a mirror for deflecting and bundling solar radiation, a heat sink comprising a heatable plate, a heat reservoir below the heatable plate, a frame supporting the heatable plate and the heat reservoir at least indirectly. The invention is characterized by the following features: The heat accumulator can be removed from the frame in a state which is at least indirectly heated by the sun rays and can be transported to a location outside the solar cooking device.

Description

The present invention relates to a solar cooking device with a mirror for deflecting and bundling of sun rays on a heat sink, wherein under cooking device any device for heating and / or cooking food to be detected, for example in the form of a grill, a hot plate and / or a furnace.

Solar cooking devices use the sun's rays to heat the hotplate, that is, by means of a mirror sun rays are deflected to a heat sink, so that in the heat sink temperatures of about 100 ° C, especially from 200 ° C and beyond are achieved, based on thermal radiation. Solar cooking devices must therefore only be properly positioned in the sun to get the energy needed to heat food.

There have been proposed solar cooking devices, which are usually installed firmly due to their size and use numerous mirrors to redirect the sun's rays and to bundle in a heat sink. For example, it will open DE 20 2007 006 245 U1 directed.

Other solar cooking devices are designed as mobile devices so they can be used on the go. These cooking devices have the advantage that only the solar cooking device is sufficient to cook food on the way, so no coal or no other fuel must be carried, as is necessary in mobile grills based on fossil fuels. Such mobile solar cooking devices are advantageously reduced in volume for the purpose of their transport. For example, the publication DE 26 04 345 A1 referenced, which discloses a collapsible, pneumatic solar concentration mirror, which is characterized by variable focal lengths, light weight and collapsibility and thus seems suitable, for example, as an ideal component of a solar grill for hiking and camping.

AT 513 404 B1 describes a solar grill or a solar cooker with a parabolic mirror of vanishingly elastic mirror foil, which is given its rotationsparaboloide shape during manufacture, for example by plastic deformation. In use, the mirror film is held either by overpressure on the front or by negative pressure on the back in its prefabricated form. Due to the non-elastic properties of the mirror foil, the shape of the parabolic mirror is largely independent of the magnitude of the pressure difference. This can be made by an air chamber, formed with a transparent membrane, at the front of the mirror film in combination with a circular ring, which rests in a curved frame of tent poles. Stored in an inflatable annulus, the hemisphere shell forms a ball joint, in the fulcrum of which the focal point of the parabolic mirror comes to lie.

CN 204214152 U describes a mobile solar grill whose parabolic mirror consists of individual curved along a spatial axis surface elements that are foldable against each other like an umbrella.

Another solar grill with individual surface elements, which are collapsible in the manner of an umbrella, is in AU 64 456 disclosed.

CN 203940627 U describes a solar grill, with individual hinged together surface segments, which are curved in the direction of a spatial axis.

EP 2 312 232 A2 discloses a solar grill with a rod-shaped heat sink and a mirror of cylindrical sections.

DE 198 07 465 A1 describes a device for cooking food and boiling liquids, with a parabolic mirror, a heatable medium is heated, which is connected via a heat transfer element with a device for arranging food.

DE 298 08 939 U1 discloses a solar cooker that focuses direct solar radiation over a mirror at a focal point. The mirror is held by a frame and is pivotally mounted in this. So that the user does not have to bend forward over the edge of the mirror when cooking, instead of a single mirror enclosing the pot, there are two rigidly interconnected mirrors which are suspended rotatably on a fork of the rack so that the mirrors move from a horizontal position to a vertical position Position are rotatable. The fork also offers the ability to attach a sunshade at the top, which provides the operator with shade. Since the mirrors are at a fixed distance from each other and not located directly under the pot as in the previous solar cookers, the mirror surfaces are not polluted when boiling over or falling down food. The folding of the mirrors from the horizontal to the vertical ensures a narrow dimension, as well as the protection of the sensitive mirror surfaces during storage.

US Pat. No. 5,617,843 discloses a parabolic mirror composed of numerous segments of a solar cooker.

DE 20 2011 101 562 U1 discloses a solar cooker with photovoltaic modules.

WO 2015/092363 A2 discloses a solar cooking apparatus with two rooms, the lower room serving as a storage and the upper space serving to accommodate cookware. The lower space has heat-retaining walls and is heated by a pane of glass with lens-focused sunrays. From the heat storage, the heat rises in the upper cooking space. In the heat storage can also be lit a wood fire or a gas fire to heat the cooking chamber. The cooking chamber can be closed at its upper end with a cooking plate, which can be covered by a lid. By providing the heat accumulator, it is possible to cook with the solar cooking device even after the setting of the sun, when enough heat was stored in the heat storage.

Thus, although in known solar cooking devices not only in the blazing sun, but also can be cooked after dark, they have the disadvantage that they are limited due to their considerable dimensions with mirrors and reflectors on the use in outdoor areas. However, there are cultures and individuals who prefer to cook in an interior of a dwelling that may be cramped for convenience or because of a social status symbol. However, the known solar cooking devices are not suitable for this purpose.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a solar cooking device, which is not only able to allow cooking even after sunset, but which is developed so that they also cooking food in the interior of a dwelling, a tent or the like, even by traditional methods.

The object of the invention is achieved by a solar cooking device having the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims, particularly advantageous embodiments of the solar cooking device are given.

The solar cooking device according to the invention has at least one mirror for deflecting and bundling solar radiation onto a heat sink. The heat sink comprises a heatable plate, wherein not only a plate is meant to be a plate closed on the surface, but also other plate shapes, for example in the form of a grill grate, are possible.

According to the invention, at least one heat store is provided below the heatable plate.

The solar cooking device has a frame which carries the heatable plate and the heat storage at least indirectly. For example, the memory and the heatable plate can be mounted directly in the frame. Alternatively, only one of the two components can be mounted directly in the frame and carry the respective other component. Further embodiments are possible.

According to the invention, the heat accumulator can be removed from the frame in a state which is at least indirectly heated up by the sun rays and can be transported to a location outside the solar cooking device.

Thus, it is possible according to the invention to heat the heat storage with the sun rays outdoors, directly or indirectly via the heatable plate, and for cooking in an interior to remove the heat storage from the solar cooking device and to transport it into the interior.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat storage can be removed together with the heatable plate from the frame and transported to a location outside of the solar cooking device. Thus, it can then be cooked, for example, in the interior of the heatable plate with heat from the heat storage.

According to another embodiment, only the heated heat storage is transportable and the heat can be used on another hotplate or other device for cooking. However, it is also possible to use the heat of the heat accumulator for other purposes, for example, for heating a room or an oven inside a room.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat accumulator comprises an oven or tandoor. Thus, the corresponding food can be cooked in the heat storage itself.

A tandoor is a traditional form of oven, where food is introduced and removed from above. Accordingly, the tandoor has an upper filling opening, wherein this filling opening is in particular the only filling opening and the tandoor is otherwise closed. According to one embodiment, the tandoor may have the only filling opening for food and / or fuel at the top, however, at least one inlet air opening in the lower area. For example, the tandoor can have a pot-shaped form, in particular a cylindrical shape, wherein the shape is, for example, tapered or widened upwards. As materials usually come clay and other refractory natural materials into consideration, but in principle also ceramic or other.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tandoor is inserted into a further component which forms at least a part of the heat accumulator. According to another embodiment, only the tandoor forms the heat storage.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat accumulator comprises a heating block, thus in particular a one-piece heat-storing component, which can be removed from the solar cooking device for heating purposes and can be transported to a location to be heated.

According to one embodiment, the heat accumulator comprises a plate stack with a plurality of heating plates. In this case, advantageously, by selecting the appropriate number of hot plates, that is, by adding or removing hot plates, the storage capacity of the heat storage can be changed.

The heat accumulator may also be formed with an outer portion and an inner portion, wherein the outer portion and the inner portion are each configured to store heat. The inner region is advantageously removable from the outer region, so that the heat capacity of the heat accumulator can be changed thereby. The inner region can consist of a plurality of heat-storing elements which can be removed individually or together from the outer region. The outer region can form an oven and / or a combustion chamber when the inner region is partially or completely removed from the outer region. If the inner area consists of several elements which can be removed from the outer area individually or in groups, the interior space of the outer area available as oven or combustion chamber can be variably adjusted in its size. At the same time an adjustment of the heat storage capacity of the heat storage is possible.

Even if the heat accumulator comprises a stack of plates with a plurality of heating plates, it is not absolutely necessary for the individual heating plates to be stacked on top of one another. Rather, another combination is possible.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat storage on a storage space which can be filled with heat-storing material, in particular with a bed. For example, then sand or a heat-storing granules are filled to give the heat storage the necessary storage capacity or a larger storage capacity than without filling.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat storage comprises a Sonnenstrahleinlassöffnung and the mirror is arranged to the heat storage, that deflected by the mirror sun rays enter through the Sonnenstrahleinlassöffnung in the heat storage and heat the heat storage from the inside. The Sonnenstrahleinlassöffnung may be open or closed, for example, with a glass, in particular an insulating glass pane. The glass sheet is particularly flat, so that it can be produced inexpensively. Another form of glass pane is possible, for example a curved glass pane.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the mirror is arranged to the heat storage such that deflected by the mirror sun rays impinge on the outside of the heat accumulator and heat it up. However, this embodiment can also be combined with the aforementioned embodiment with the internal heating of the heat accumulator.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the sunrays initially heat the heatable plate and the heat storage only indirectly via heat conduction from the heatable plate. Thus, a particularly rapid heating of the heatable plate can be achieved without a delay in that first the heat storage must be heated. There are also embodiments into consideration, in which both the heat storage and the heatable plate are acted upon by the deflected sun rays, that both are heated simultaneously directly from the sun's rays, ie by thermal radiation. Finally comes into consideration, first heat the heat storage directly by heat radiation and the heatable plate by heat conduction of heat from the heat storage.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat accumulator is executed in a horizontal section on its outer circumference at least hexagonal, in particular with an insulated side wall facing away from the mirror. One of these side walls or a plurality of side walls, which faces the mirror, can then be formed by the aforementioned glass pane or a plurality of glass panes, in particular flat glass panes, can be formed accordingly. Other forms of glass are in particular a curved glass pane, which can be better adapted with its outwardly directed surface of a curved surface of the mirror or to the direction of the incident sun rays.

The heat storage can advantageously be carried out starting from the heatable plate tapers from top to bottom. This is particularly favorable if the mirror is arranged in such a way relative to the heat storage and the heatable plate, that the sun's rays are directed obliquely from below onto the heat storage and / or the heatable plate. In particular, the outer walls of the heat accumulator are at least approximately parallel to the mirror surface or individual mirror segments.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, for ease of transport of the heat accumulator, which may be very hot in the transported state, provided a carriage or a support device which is docked or docked on the heat storage to transport the heat storage from the solar cooking device out. Such a support device or such a car may be integrated into the solar cooking device, of course, be decoupled, or be provided as a separate component, which is then consulted and coupled only in case of need.

In order to be able to generate electric current with the solar cooking device, photovoltaic cells are provided according to an embodiment of the invention, which are positioned in particular on a segment between two mirror segments of the mirror. For example, the segment with the photovoltaic cells is curved along only one spatial axis, whereas the mirror segments arranged adjacent thereto, in particular on both sides, are advantageously curved along at least two spatial axes.

Preferably, the mirror is at least partially hollow mirror-shaped and has a plurality of segments, which are movable relative to each other between a stowed position and an operating position. According to one embodiment, the mirror is formed solely by these segments. The segments may be cupped with at least substantially constant wall thickness. Alternatively, segments of a different shape may be used which have a hollow, curved outer surface on only one side.

In the design with between a stowed position and an operating position relative to each other movable segments, said segments are advantageously designed curved in the direction of at least two spatial axes, both a space-saving stowed position and an optimized temperature distribution in the region of the heat sink is achieved in the operating position. If, in addition, a further segment has a concave mirror surface curved in the direction of only one spatial axis, this second segment produces a linear or band-shaped focus or a linear or band-shaped focus surface and the other two segments each produce a point-shaped or circular focus or a point-shaped or circular one Focus surface, wherein the two foci or focus surfaces can be superimposed on each other.

As is known, the position of the sun changes during the course of the day, it is advantageous if the solar cooking device according to the invention has a frame, wherein the mirror relative to the heat sink is pivotally mounted on the frame, so that a tracking of the mirror relative to the sun or in dependence of the position of the Sun is possible, advantageously by means of an automatic tracking.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat accumulator is designed as adsorption storage.

In order to provide optimum heat input and distribution in the area of the hob, grill or other designed cooking device, according to one embodiment, the heat sink is provided with a heatable plate having a layered construction comprising at least a first heat conducting layer facing the mirror second heat storage layer positioned thereon on the side of the heat conduction layer facing away from the mirror. The heat conducting layer and the heat storage layer are in heat-transmitting, in particular heat-conducting contact with each other and the heat conducting layer advantageously has a greater thermal conductivity and / or a smaller specific gravity than the heat storage layer.

The heat conducting layer is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, for example. The heat storage layer is made for example of steel, in particular cast steel or a steel alloy.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heat conducting layer and the heat storage layer are made congruent, with the same cross section or different cross sections. In particular, the cross section perpendicular to the layer plane of the heat conducting layer is greater than that of the heat storage layer.

Particularly advantageously, the plate has a glass plate on the side of the heat-conducting layer facing the mirror, which is positioned at a distance from the heat-conducting layer and in particular encloses an air space together with the heat-conducting layer. This makes it possible that the deflected by the mirror sun rays penetrate through the glass plate into the air space and, if they are refracted and / or reflected at the back or bottom of the Wärmeleitschicht be prevented from re-radiation in the direction of the heat mirror. For this purpose, the glass plate may have a reflective coating on the heat conducting layer facing surface, but this is not mandatory, since even the surface of the glass plate itself causes a reflection without additional layer.

The heat sink is advantageously designed to be insulated along an enclosing edge, the edge including, for example, an area on which the solar rays deflected by the mirror impinge.

The solar cooking device may additionally be provided with a gas burner for heating food. According to an advantageous embodiment of the gas burner is positioned so that it heats the same heatable plate as the sun's rays. For example, the gas burner is integrated into the layer-shaped plate, advantageously such that it has at least one gas nozzle, via which hot fuel gas or hot exhaust gas can be introduced into the air space.

The invention will be described by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments and the figures.

• 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einem zumindest teilweise von innen aufgeheizten Speicher;
• 2 eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einem von außen aufgeheizten Speicher;
• 3 einen möglichen Wärmespeicher für die Erfindung in Form eines Tandurs;
• 4 eine Ausgestaltung entsprechend der 1, jedoch mit einem abgenommenen Gestellteil, in einer Ansicht von unten;
• 5 die Ausgestaltung mit abgenommenem Gestellteil in einer Ansicht schräg von vorne;
• 6 einen Wagen zum Transportieren des Wärmespeichers;
• 7 den Wagen aus der 6 angekoppelt an den Wärmespeicher der Solarkochvorrichtung;
• 8 den Wagen mit dem aus der Solarkochvorrichtung entnommenen Wärmespeicher.

Show it:

• 1 a first embodiment of the invention with an at least partially heated from the inside memory;
• 2 an embodiment of the invention with an externally heated memory;
• 3 a possible heat storage for the invention in the form of a tandoor;
• 4 an embodiment according to the 1 but with a detached frame part, in a view from below;
• 5 the embodiment with removed frame part in a view obliquely from the front;
• 6 a carriage for transporting the heat accumulator;
• 7 the car from the 6 coupled to the heat storage of the solar cooking device;
• 8th the car with the removed from the solar cooking device heat storage.

In the 1 is a solar cooking device according to the invention 1 with a mirror 2 shown, the mirror 2 three mirror segments 2.1 . 2.2 and 2.3 having. The two outer mirror segments 2.1 and 2.2 For example, are curved along two spatial axes, whereas the middle, between the two outer mirror segments 2.1 and 2.2 enclosed third mirror segment 2.3 can be curved along only one spatial axis. It is also possible to use the middle mirror segment 2.3 by an appropriately designed segment with photovoltaic cells, indicated here by the dashed lines 12 , to replace.

In the focus of the mirror 2 is a heat sink 3 positioned, which is a heatable plate 4 includes. Below the heatable plate 4 is the heat storage 5 provided here in a horizontal section has a hexagonal outer circumference, wherein the mirror 2 opposite side, for example, with an insulated side wall 13 whereas that is the mirror 2 facing side walls 14 a sunbeam inlet opening 10 with a glass pane 11 train, through which the mirror 2 deflected sun rays into the interior of the heat storage 5 enter and thus the heat storage 5 heat up from the inside.

The heatable plate 4 can in addition to the heat storage 5 directly from the mirror 2 deflected sun rays are heated or according to an embodiment only indirectly via heat conduction from the heat storage 5 ,

The heatable plate 4 and the heat storage 5 be in a rack 6 worn, which is provided for example with rollers.

According to the invention, at least the heat storage 5 and in particular the heat storage 5 together with the heatable plate 4 out of the frame 6 Removable to the heat storage 5 stored heat outside the solar cooking device to use, for example, for cooking food on the heatable plate 4 ,

According to the 1 is the heat storage 5 advantageous starting from the heatable plate 4 Running tapered from top to bottom. This is especially with respect to the beam path of the mirror 2 deflected sunbeams cheap.

The 2 shows an alternative embodiment, here even without the heat storage 5 patch plate, the heat storage 5 a plate stack 9 Includes a variety of hotplates. The heating plates may for example be made of a metal, but also comes another material into consideration, such as fireclay, as well as in the embodiment according to the 1 ,

In the embodiment according to the 2 the mirror has only two segments 2.1 and 2.2. In addition, however, at least a third segment could be provided or an additional segment with photovoltaic cells.

Also in the embodiment according to the 2 is the heat storage 5 , here in the form of the plate stack 9 from the solar cooking device 1 Removable to use the heat in another location.

In detail a is an embodiment of the heat accumulator 5 in the form of a single heating block 8th shown. This can be used as a component of the solar cooking device 1 be removed.

When presented in the 2 with the plate stack 9 this is also at least partially starting from the heating plate (not shown) tapers from top to bottom. This could also happen with the heating block 8th be provided in accordance with the detail a.

In the 3 is another embodiment of a heat storage 5 , here in the form of a tandoor 7 shown. Such a tandoor 7 has only one provided at the upper end inlet opening 7.1 on, through which the food to be cooked in the tandoor 7 given and taken from this. The tandoor 7 is shown once in a lateral plan view and once in an axial section. As you can see, the shape is pot-shaped, here with a downwardly tapered shape, where also at the upper end to form the opening 7.1 a rejuvenation is provided.

Based on 4 to 8th It is shown how the solar cooking device according to the invention can be adapted for coupling a carriage for transporting the heat accumulator in its hot state.

According to the in the 4 and 5 shown embodiment of the solar cooking device 1 is the front frame part of the frame 6 removable, so on the heat storage 5 from the front can be accessed particularly easily. Far away are the roles of the frame 6 positioned so that from the front in the 6 illustrated car 15 to the solar cooking device 1 approachable and, as in the 7 represented, can be coupled to the heat accumulator 5, that this, as in the 8th is shown with the carriage 15 easily from the solar cooking device 1 can be transported out. For this purpose, the car 15 also rolls on and is shaped so that it is particularly close to the front of the solar cooking device 1 can be approached. Alternatively, it would also be possible, instead of a car, a carrying device for transporting the heat accumulator 5 provided. It is also possible that the car 15 or the carrying device in the solar cooking device 1 is integrated, if necessary together with the heat storage 5 to be taken out of this. It can even the car 15 the only wheels of the solar cooker 1 namely, if either the other bulky components, in particular the mirror 2 from the car 15 are demountable, or if the frame 6 according to feet or legs has on which it can be placed when the car 15 Will get removed.

Also it would be possible only the heat storage 5 without the heatable plate 4 with the car 15 or a carrying device of the solar cooking device 1 refer to.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202007006245 U1 [0003]
• DE 2604345 A1 [0004]
• AT 513404 B1 [0005]
• CN 204214152 U [0006]
• AU 64456 [0007]
• CN 203940627 U [0008]
• EP 2312232 A2
• DE 19807465 A1 [0010]
• DE 29808939 U1 [0011]
• US 5617843 A [0012]
• DE 202011101562 U1 [0013]
• WO 2015/092363 A2 [0014]

Claims (11)

Solar cooking device (1) with a mirror (2) for deflecting and bundling solar radiation onto a heat sink (3), wherein 1.1 the heat sink (3) comprises a heatable plate (4); 1.2 with a heat storage (5) below the heatable plate (4); 1.3 with a frame (6) which carries the heatable plate (4) and the heat storage (5) at least indirectly; characterized in that 1.4 of the heat storage (5) in an at least indirectly heated by the sun rays state from the frame (6) and can be transported to a location outside of the solar cooking device (1). Solar cooking device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the heat storage (5) together with the heatable plate (4) from the frame (6) can be removed and transported to a location outside the solar cooking device (1). Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the heat storage (5) comprises an oven or tandoor (7). Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the heat accumulator (5) comprises a heating block (8). Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the heat accumulator (5) comprises a plate stack (9) with a plurality of heating plates. Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the heat accumulator (5) has a Sonnenstrahleinlassöffnung (10), in particular by a glass pane (11) is closed, and the mirror (2) is arranged to the heat accumulator (5), that the mirror (2 ) deflected sun rays through the Sonnenstrahleinlassöffnung (10) in the heat accumulator (5) and heat the heat accumulator (5) from the inside. Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the mirror (2) is arranged to the heat accumulator (5) that the deflected by the mirror (2) sun rays impinge on the outside of the heat accumulator (5) and heat it up. Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the heat accumulator (5) in a horizontal section has an at least hexagonal outer periphery, in particular with an insulated side wall (13) facing away from the mirror (2). Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the heat accumulator (5), starting from the heatable plate (4) is tapered from top to bottom. Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that a carriage (15) or a carrying device is provided, which can be docked or docked on the heat accumulator (5) in order to transport the heat accumulator (5) out of the solar cooking device (1). Solar cooking device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the solar cooking device (1) is provided with photovoltaic cells (12) which are in particular positioned on a segment between two mirror segments (2.1, 2.2) of the mirror (2).

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