DE102016115223A1 - Horn spark gap with deion chamber in non-blowing design - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Hörnerfunkenstrecke with Deionkammer in nichtausblasendem design with an insulating material as supporting and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the Deionkammer and means for conducting the arc gas flow, wherein the horn electrodes have an asymmetrical shape, comprising a longer and a shorter electrode, and in Ignition both electrodes almost parallel or with low divergence. The arc run range is limited between the electrodes in the direction of the deion chamber. The housing has portions which receive at least one Deionkammerteil, wherein apertures or openings are provided in the housing and the electrodes lead to the Deionkammerteil so that the gas flow passes into the Deionkammer. According to the invention at least two Hörnerfunkenstrecken are located in the housing, which have separately led out electrical connections for the optional series or parallel connection of the horn spark gaps integrated in the housing.

Description

The invention relates to a Hörnerfunkenstrecke with Deionkammer in nichtausblasendem design with an insulating material as a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the Deionkammer and means for guiding the arc gas flow according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the EP 1 870 977 B1 a device for protection against overvoltages is already known, which consists of several, connected in series Hörnerfunkenstrecken, the Hörnerfunkenstrecken be triggered in the event of overvoltage simultaneously.

The DE 10 2011 102 257 A1 shows a horn spark gap with Deionkammer in non-blowing design, which consists of a multi-part insulating material. In Isolierstoffgehäuse the horn electrodes and the Deionkammer are located. Furthermore, means for guiding the arc gas flow are present. The local insulating material housing is divided in the plane spanned by the horn electrodes and forms a first and a second half-shell. The horn electrodes are realized asymmetrically. The arc running area between the electrodes is limited in the direction of the Deionkammer by a plate-shaped insulating material.

The prior art with respect to the formation of horn spark gaps with downstream Deionkammern is still on the EP 2 631 927 A1 , the EP 1 914 850 B2 or the DE 44 35 968 A1 directed.

The known Hörnerfunkenstrecken are particularly suitable for dissipating high lightning impulse currents, but also for limiting and deleting large Netzfolgeströme. Although it has already been possible to integrate previously known Hörnerfunkenstreckenanordnungen with Deionkammern in DIN rail mounted devices, but it is problematic to further improve the Ableitvermögen or the Folgestromlöschvermögen by per se simple series or parallel circuits. A conceivable arrangement of several Hörnerfunkenstrecken with extinguishing or Deionkammern in a series housing requires in any case a larger footprint and is costly due to the duplication of the individual components. In addition, the resulting arcs affect the ignition of the spark gaps, so that a desired, reproducible erase behavior is not guaranteed under all conceivable conditions.

From the above, it is therefore necessary to provide an advanced, compact Hörnerfunkenstrecke with Deionkammer in non-blown design, which has two separate spark gap units, however, can be summarized in a single housing compact and virtually pressure-tight as a module.

The solution of the object of the invention is achieved by the teaching according to the combination of features according to claim 1, wherein the dependent claims represent at least expedient refinements and developments.

It is therefore assumed that a horn spark gap with Deionkammer in preferred nichtausblasendem design, the Hörnerfunkenstrecke is located in a Isolierstoffgehäuse, which serves as a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the Deionkammer. Furthermore, means for guiding the arc gas flow are present. These agents can special deflecting elements such. B. splinters, but also targeted breakthroughs and recesses in the housing interior.

The horn electrodes of a pair of horn electrodes have an asymmetric shape, comprising a longer and a shorter electrode. In the ignition region, in a preferred embodiment, both electrodes are formed to be nearly parallel and with low divergence.

The arc running range between the electrodes is limited in the direction of the Deionkammer by appropriate design measures. The housing has formations which receive a central Deionkammerteil or two separate Deionkammerteile, wherein apertures or openings are provided in the housing and lead the electrodes to the respective Deionkammerteil so that the gas flow at least partially enters the respective Deionkammer.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing may have a sandwich construction and consist of half-shells.

According to the invention, at least two horn spark gaps are located in the housing, which have separately led out electrical connections for the optional series or parallel connection of the spark gaps integrated in the housing.

Within the housing, according to a first embodiment, a partition wall is formed in order to achieve a separation of the arc combustion chambers and to allow a gas flow for Lichtbogenfußpunktbewegung.

Preferably, the horn spark gaps in a plane adjacent to each other formed, with a mirror-symmetrical arrangement of the horn spark gaps is given preference with corresponding horn electrodes.

The Deionkammer comprises in a conventional manner a plurality of spaced individual sheets, which may have a V-shaped notch in one embodiment, the V-opening is directed to the Hörnerfunkenstrecke to the choice of the distance of the individual sheets and / or an additional damming the Set or specify flow resistance in the inlet region of the Deionkammer. In this case, the deion chamber is preferably realized mirror-symmetrically with openings on both sides V-shaped and it is arranged in the first embodiment, the partition extending over the axis of symmetry.

The deion chamber may have vent openings in a manner known per se, via the number, size and shape of the flow resistance in the inlet region can be set or predetermined.

Alternatively or additionally, a trigger electrode can be arranged in the ignition region, wherein the trigger electrode can comprise a conductive element, which is surrounded by a sliding section or has adjacent sliding sections.

The partition is thus arranged according to the above description of the first embodiment between two back-to-back Deionkammern.

In addition, it is possible to provide in the housing ferromagnetic means for controlling the arc running range.

In a further development of the invention, the Hörnerfunkenstrecke with Deionkammer for arc quenching within the insulating material is designed so that measures to adjust a different behavior of the resulting arcing current load on the one hand and the netzfolgestrombiredten arc are created on the other hand, for this purpose, the distance between the opposite electrode surfaces of Hörnerfunkenstrecken in the ignition is held tight and the arrangement of the opposing electrode surfaces in the ignition region has a small distance widening in the direction of the end of the horn spark gap.

The distance between the opposing electrode surfaces in the ignition region can be <1.5 mm and is preferably in the range between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm.

In such a further developed Hörnerfunkenstrecke a gas circulation is provided, such that the pressure wave generated by the flash pulse current arc is reflected by the Deionkammer and / or flow obstacles and counteracts the arc movement and the gas stream which passes through the Deionkammer, at least partially returned to the ignition area via deflection and guided to existing in the electrodes flow openings. As a result, the arc movement is supported in Netzfolgeströmen towards Deionkammer, being arranged in this sense, the flow openings above the ignition in the direction Deionkammer.

The horn spark gap according to the invention with Deionkammer is designed so that it forms a universal module with external terminals for the electrodes, the module can be integrated into a per se known male part or outer housing depending on the customer.

In a further development, the horn spark gap module can be arranged directly on a wiring carrier, in particular a printed circuit board.

In the case of the horn spark gap according to the invention, it is therefore possible to provide means for influencing the arc caused by gas flow and its running behavior. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to form means for magnetic blowing of the arc. In this case, the mobility of the arc can be increased immediately after its ignition by a combination of measures to enhance the arc-related internal magnetic field and a staggered gas circulation of the arrester, in which sense the electrodes in the running region of the arc have the aforementioned recesses through which the gas flow to support the arc movement reaches the inside of the arc chamber.

In the second embodiment of the invention, two spatially separated Deionkammern are provided in the housing, wherein the opening portions of the horn electrodes or the respective Hörnerelektrodenpaares point away from each other and lead to the respectively associated Deionkammer. Also in this embodiment, a fundamentally symmetrical structure is present and there are separately led out electrical connections for the optional series or parallel connection of the horn spark gaps integrated in the housing.

In an exemplary rectangular housing form, the deion chambers on two sidewalls are opposite each other inside the housing located. The ignition regions of the horn electrodes are arranged on both sides of an axis of symmetry. On a partition, as mentioned in the first embodiment, can be dispensed with.

The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with the aid of figures.

Hereby show:

1 a basic design of the horn spark gap with Deionkammer in nichtausblasendem design, designed as a module with two symmetrically opposite Hörnerfunkenstrecken and a central Deionkammer having a partition to separate the arcs of the respective Hörnerfunkenstrecken from each other and required for the necessary Lichtbogenfußpunktbewegung gas recirculation or gas circulation with A1 designating the electrical connections of the longer of the respective horn electrode and A3 the connected connection to the shorter of the horn electrodes, and

2 a basic design of the horn spark gaps with Deionkammer in nichtausblasendem design according to a second embodiment of the invention, again assuming a quasi-rectangular housing, but two separate Deionkammern are located on two side walls opposite in the housing interior and the ignition areas of the other electrodes on both sides of a symmetry axis S executed become.

As shown by the illustration 1 comprehensible, there is the possibility of the shorter of the horn electrodes 1 to realize as a simple, continuous, common piece of metal in classical stamping-bending technique. Similarly, the longer, single electrodes 2 manufactured in a simple manner and in the insulating material 4 be used.

Corresponding, the Deionkammer 3 forming individual sheets are in a known manner in Isolierstoffgehäuse 4 used, not shown openings or openings in the housing interior are provided to obtain a targeted gas flow and in this regard further insert parts such. B. splitter, deflection or the like can be arranged depending on the design of the horn spark gap.

Thus, it is possible to optimize a single basic module, comprising the corresponding Hörnerelektrodenpaare together with Deionkammer by providing and inserting other parts for guiding and steering the arc application side or manufacture customer-specific.

There is the possibility of integrating the Hörnerfunkenstrecken module both as in the 1 as well as in the 2 is shown in a classic Reiheneinbaugehäuse.

In the embodiment according to 2 is in turn of a symmetrical construction to form two Hörnerfunkenstrecken in a common insulating material 4 went out.

Unlike the first embodiment according to 1 However, is not a central, subdivided by a partition K, Deionkammer 3 available. Rather, there are two separate Deionkammern 3 ago, in the example shown in the interior of the insulating material 4 on two opposite side walls of the insulating material 4 are located.

The opening areas of the horn electrodes 1 ; 2 lead to the respective assigned Deionkammer 3 ,

The ignition regions Z are arranged close to an axis of symmetry S in a central region and are not located, as in the case of 1 shown, away from the axis of symmetry S in the housing edge regions.

Both in the first and in the second embodiment according to the 1 and 2 there is a possibility of components 5 for triggering in the immediate vicinity of a corresponding carrier electrode, which leads into the ignition region Z, within the insulating material housing 4 to arrange.

In the 2 are the terminals of the longer electrodes of the respective horn spark gap with A1 and each designated in the shorter electrodes with A3.

Both embodiments have in common that the electrodes 1 ; 2 the respective Hörnerelektrodenanordnung can consist of stamped and bent parts in a simple manner and at the same time via molded connections A1; A3, which reduces the manufacturing cost of a surge arrester in this regard.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1870977 B1 [0002]
• DE 102011102257 A1 [0003]
• EP 2631927 A1 [0004]
• EP 1914850 B2 [0004]
• DE 4435968 A1 [0004]

Claims (8)

Horn spark gap with Deionkammer ( 3 ) in nichtausblasender design with an insulating material ( 4 ) as support and receiving body for the horn electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) and the deion chamber ( 3 ) and means for conducting the arc gas flow, wherein the horn electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) an asymmetric shape comprising a longer ( 2 ) and a shorter one ( 1 ) Electrode, wherein in the ignition region (Z) both electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) run almost parallel or with low divergence, the arc running area between the electrodes in the direction of the Deionkammer ( 3 ) is limited, the housing has portions which receive at least one Deionkammerteil, wherein openings or openings are provided so that the gas flow arrives in the Deionkammer, characterized in that at least two Hörnerfunkenstrecken in the housing ( 4 ), which separately led out electrical connections (A1, A3) for the optional series or parallel connection of the housing ( 4 ) have integrated Hörnerfunkenstrecken. Horn spark gap according to claim 1, characterized in that within the housing, a partition wall (K) is formed to achieve a separation of the arc combustion chambers and to allow a gas flow for Lichtbogenfußpunktbewegung, wherein the partition wall (K) between two back-to-back Deionkammern is arranged. Horn spark gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the housing ( 4 ) ferromagnetic means are provided for controlling the arc running range. Horn spark gap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it as a universal module with external terminals for the electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) is formed, which can be integrated into a male part or an outer housing depending on the customer. Horn spark gap according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it can be arranged directly on a wiring substrate, in particular a printed circuit board. Horn spark gap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this means for adjusting a different behavior of the resulting during a pulse current load arc on the one hand and the netzfolgestrombiredten arc on the other hand, for this purpose, the distance of the opposite electrode surfaces of the horn spark gap in the ignition region (Z) is kept close and the arrangement of the opposing electrode surfaces in the ignition region has a small spacing widening in the direction of the end of the horn spark gap towards the deion chamber. Horn spark gap according to claim 6, characterized in that a gas circulation is provided such that the pressure wave generated by the flash pulse current arc is reflected by the Deionkammer and / or flow obstacles and the arc movement counteracts and the gas stream which passes through the Deionkammer, at least partially via deflection returned to the ignition region (Z) and in the electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) existing flow openings is guided in order to support the arc movement in Netzfolgeströmen towards Deionkammer, in this regard, the flow openings are located above the ignition area in the direction Deionkammer. Horn spark gap according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two horn spark gaps with their electrodes ( 1 ; 2 ) mirror-symmetric with respect to an axis of symmetry ( 5 ) in the housing ( 4 ) are arranged.

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