DE102015210624A1 - Rail vehicle with air conditioning via seats - Google Patents

Abstract

Rail vehicle, comprising - a tempering or air conditioning unit (3) for temperature control or air conditioning of an interior (1) of the rail vehicle, - at least one air duct (8) which is arranged on or in a side wall (9) of the interior (1) and the is coupled to the temperature control or air conditioning unit (3), so that tempered or conditioned air (L) from the temperature control or air conditioning unit (3) in the air channel (8) can be flowed, - at least one seat (11, 12, 13, 14 31, 32) disposed in the interior space (1) of the rail vehicle and having a front side, the air duct (8) being coupled to at least one seat base (30) and / or a seat pan (19, 20; 37) wherein air is flowable in or through the seat base and / or in or through the seat pan, and wherein at least a first opening (24, 25, 43, 44) is arranged on the front side, through which the tempered or conditioned air in the Interior (1) can be flowed.

Description

The present invention relates to a rail vehicle with a temperature control device for the interior and a method for controlling the temperature of an interior of a rail vehicle.

For temperature control or air conditioning of the interior of a rail vehicle with a temperature control unit or air conditioner different variants are known. The term "temperature control" or "air conditioning" refers to both heating and cooling or keeping the temperature of the interior constant while maintaining or changing atmospheric humidity. A temperature control unit or air conditioner may have a heating function and / or a cooling function.

DE 103 04 272 A1 relates to an air conditioner for the interior of a vehicle, in particular a tram vehicle. It is provided that with an air conditioner for selectively generating a cooled or heated air flow via a control device, a first duct system with inflow openings in the region of the ceiling of the interior and a second duct system with inflow openings in the region of the bottom of the interior are connected.

The influx of conditioned air in the ceiling area and in the floor area in a vehicle interior is also known by the FLEXITY trams from Bombardier.

Although a more even air conditioning of the interior can already be achieved with these solutions than with an inflow only in the ceiling area, even more uniform air conditioning of the interior of a vehicle of the local public transport is desired. The indoor climate in local public transport largely determines the well-being of passengers. A decisive factor is the correct temperature control of the transport space provided for the passenger.

A particular challenge concerns especially trams and buses in densely built urban area. Passenger-heavy line sections are characterized by short stops distances and thus by relatively long door opening times. This complicates a sufficient heating or air conditioning performance.

Usually, the correct room temperature is controlled by temperature control or air conditioning units, with hot or cold air is introduced via air ducts in the ceiling or through branch channels in ground-level exhaust openings in the passenger compartment.

Particular attention should be paid to seated passengers, as they usually have longer travel times and thus a longer stay in the vehicle and thus perceive the indoor climate stronger.

It is an object of the invention to provide a solution to the problems described above.

According to a basic idea of the invention, a tempering or air conditioning of the interior takes place by outflow of air through one or more seats and / or one or more seat substructures, which are arranged in the interior. If a seat is mentioned below, the disclosure also applies to several seats. If several seat substructures or seats are mentioned, the disclosure also applies to a seat substructure / seat. An air outflow of tempered or conditioned air may take place on the front of the seat. The front of the seat is the side on which a seat is located, and preferably further on which is a backrest surface (i.e., an angling surface). The front may further include a side of a seat base which is directed forward or upward. Air can be expelled where a seat is located and / or where a seat back surface is located and / or where a forward or upward side of the seat base is located.

Alternatively or additionally, air outflow of tempered or conditioned air can take place on a rear side and / or underside of the seat. The back is in particular the back of the seat back, so one side with the surface for leaning opposite side. The underside is the side facing the footwell.

The invention provides additional inflating surfaces, inflow means or air conditioning inlet units in an interior space integrated with seats or seat bases. This enlarges the area for incoming tempered or conditioned air. Inlets for the inflow of air into the interior are distributed more evenly than in previous solutions. Increasing the inflow area in the vehicle creates a more comfortable room temperature or a more pleasant room climate. With public transport, this additional inflow area is particularly significant due to the large number of seats.

In addition to a temperature of the interior, the invention also allows the temperature of the seat itself. With the invention, a whole seat including construction, seat and possibly upholstery can be tempered. In this respect, by the Invention, a temperature control of the interior mainly done when a seat is not occupied on a seat and then made a comfortable temperature control for the particular passenger when he sits on the seat. Thus, the invention not only provides a more uniform room temperature control or air conditioning for all passengers, but provided in particular for seated passengers an optimally tempered seating feeling. The invention provides an actively tempered or air-conditioned seat available, which can be cooled or heated depending on the ambient conditions. A temperature control or air conditioning is preferably carried out via one or more central temperature and / or air conditioning units.

The concept according to the invention can generally be used in all public transport or passenger transport vehicles and is therefore not limited to rail vehicles, but can also be used, for example, in buses or in shipping.

• – Für die Heiz- und Kühlleistung ist kein zusätzlicher Energiebedarf notwendig, da in Fahrzeugen vorhandene Temperier- oder Klimageräte genutzt werden können.
• – einfache Wartung;
• – leichte Reinigung;
• – Eine Luftzufuhr in den Sitzen kann in eine Fahrzeugwand integriert sein oder aufgesetzt sein und ist ausgehend vom Fahrgastraum leicht zu reinigen und zu warten.
• – Eine erwähnte Luftverteilung in der Seitenwand, sofern vorhanden, ist an eine Sitzaufteilung anpassbar. Dort, wo keine Sitze vorhanden sind, können Abdeckungen vorhanden sein, die später entfernt werden können und an die zu temperierenden/klimatisierenden Sitze angeschlossen werden.
• – Eine Zugänglichkeit der Luftverteilung im Sitz ist durch Abnehmen einer Polsterung, sofern vorhanden, möglich.
• – Eine Nachrüstung bestehender Fahrzeuge ist jederzeit möglich.
• – Durch Ausblasen der Luft aus Polstern, sofern vorhanden, von innen nach außen, werden Verschmutzungen der Polster verringert, da Schmutzpartikel durch die ausströmende Luft aus dem Polster ausgeblasen werden können.

Furthermore, one or more of the following advantages are achieved by the invention, in its general or specific embodiments described below:

• - For the heating and cooling power no additional energy is needed, since in existing vehicles tempering or air conditioning units can be used.
• - easy maintenance;
• - easy cleaning;
• - An air supply in the seats can be integrated or mounted in a vehicle wall and is easy to clean and maintain from the passenger compartment.
• - A mentioned air distribution in the side wall, if present, is adaptable to a seat layout. Where there are no seats, covers may be provided which can later be removed and connected to the air-conditioning / conditioning seats.
• - Accessibility of air distribution in the seat is possible by removing padding, if any.
• - A retrofitting of existing vehicles is possible at any time.
• - By blowing the air out of cushions, if present, from the inside to the outside, soiling of the upholstery is reduced because dirt particles can be blown out of the cushion by the outflowing air.

• – ein Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät zur Temperierung und/oder Klimatisierung eines Innenraums des Schienenfahrzeugs,
• – zumindest einen Luftkanal, der an oder in einer Seitenwand des Innenraums angeordnet ist und der an das Temperiergerät und/oder dem Klimagerät gekoppelt ist, sodass temperierte oder klimatisierte Luft aus dem Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät in den Luftkanal einströmbar ist,
• – zumindest einen Sitz, vorzugsweise eine Mehrzahl Sitze, der/die in dem Innenraum des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist/sind, und eine Vorderseite aufweist/aufweisen,

wobei der Luftkanal an einen Sitzunterbau und/oder an eine Sitzschale gekoppelt ist,
wobei Luft in oder durch den Sitzunterbau strömbar ist und/oder Luft in oder durch die Sitzschale strömbar ist, und
wobei zumindest eine erste Öffnung auf der Vorderseite des Sitzes angeordnet ist,
sodass durch die zumindest eine erste Öffnung die temperierte oder klimatisierte Luft in den Innenraum einströmbar ist. Specifically, the present invention relates to a rail vehicle comprising

• A temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit for temperature control and / or air conditioning of an interior of the rail vehicle,
• At least one air duct, which is arranged on or in a side wall of the interior and which is coupled to the temperature control unit and / or the air conditioner, so that tempered or conditioned air from the temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit can be flowed into the air duct,
• At least one seat, preferably a plurality of seats, arranged in the interior of the rail vehicle and having a front side,

wherein the air duct is coupled to a seat base and / or to a seat shell,
wherein air is flowable in or through the seat base and / or air in or through the seat shell is flowable, and
wherein at least a first opening is arranged on the front side of the seat,
so that the tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the interior through the at least one first opening.

The seat is part of the seat.

Preferably, a plurality of seats is present. If the description is subsequently based on a seat, the description may also apply to several seats.

The following embodiments can be combined as desired:
A seat base can carry a seat. Several seats may have a common seat base. There may be several seat bases that are coupled to the air duct.

The seat shell may have a cavity and / or at least one inner channel, also called outflow channel, in the air from the air channel can be flowed and can be flowed out of the air, through the at least one first opening. An internal channel may be coupled at one end to the air duct and open at another end into an opening at the front.

If the seat has a cavity, or even hollowed out completely, air can be "poured" into the seat pan. When the seat pan has an internal channel, air can be passed "through" the seat pan. The same applies to the seat substructure described below.

The seat substructure may have a cavity and / or at least one inner channel, also called outflow channel, into which air can be flowed in from the air channel and out of the air can flow out through the at least one first opening. An internal channel may be coupled at one end to the air duct and open at another end into an opening at the front.

The channel can open into a cavity of the seat pan. The at least one first opening may be an opening in a wall of the cavity, i. connect the cavity with the exterior.

The channel can open into a cavity of the substructure. The at least one first opening may be an opening in a wall of the cavity of the substructure, i. connect the cavity with the exterior.

The at least one first opening may be arranged on the front side of the seat shell.

When air is flowing or flowing in or through the seat base, the air may flow from the seat base or through the seat base to the front of the seat. After flowing into / through the seat base, air may subsequently be poured into / through a seat pan.

A temperature control device is understood to mean a device that can change the temperature of air or keep it constant, wherein the moisture content of the air is not changed. A temperature control unit may have a heating function and / or a cooling function. A temperature control unit can be exclusively designed to heat air and is referred to in this case as a "heater".

The term "tempering" or "tempered" means changing or maintaining a constant temperature of air without changing the humidity. Changing the temperature may be heating or cooling, preferably heating. Tempering can thus preferably mean heating or heating.

Under an air conditioner device is understood that can change the temperature of air or keep constant, wherein the moisture content of the air can be changed, preferably changed. The change in humidity may depend on the direction of the temperature change. For example, air conditioners dehumidify air when they cool it. An air conditioner may have a heating function and / or a cooling function. An air conditioner can only be designed to cool air and in this case is referred to as a "cooling unit".

The term "air-conditioning" or "air-conditioned" means changing or keeping constant the temperature of air, wherein the humidity can be changed, preferably changed. Changing the temperature may be heating or cooling, preferably cooling. Air conditioning preferably means cooling.

If only a temperature control unit or a temperature control is referred to in this description at certain points, the disclosure is generally also valid for an air conditioner or an air conditioning unit and vice versa. However, the invention may be limited to one of the variants, if desired.

In the invention, a temperature control apparatus and an air conditioner may be used singly or in combination, which is expressed by the term "and / or". A temperature control unit and an air conditioner can be implemented within a structural unit. In other words, in the invention, a device which can perform the function of a temperature control apparatus and the function of an air conditioner can be used. Such a device can temper air, preferably heat, and air-condition, preferably cool. Such a device may be a combined heating, ventilation and air conditioning unit. Such a device may further comprise one or more of the following components: a device for conveying air, a control unit for regulating the temperature, a filter device.

The rail vehicle may have an air conveyor. Such a device is in particular present if it is not already part of a device mentioned above. With the air conveying device, air is conveyed by the temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit through the at least one channel into the seat base and / or into the seat shell.

The air duct may be coupled directly to the temperature control unit and / or the air conditioner, for example to an outlet for cooled or heated air, or the channel may be coupled via further intermediate elements, for example, further channels, to the temperature control unit and / or the air conditioner. In other words, the coupling can be direct or indirect. The rail vehicle may have a system of interconnected and possibly branched, air channels, which is set up and / or arranged for transporting air from the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner to the seat base and / or in the seat pan. An air duct may be rigid or flexible.

A seat base may be attached to the sidewall and / or floor of the interior. Preferably, the attachment to a side wall. The seat base is preferably a supporting element of the seat on which the seat is supported. As mentioned, several seats may be attached to a seat base.

In a variant of the invention tempered or conditioned air is introduced into the substructure, for example, in a cavity of the substructure, or at least an inner channel, and from there evenly distributed in one or more seats.

In another variant of the invention, tempered or conditioned air is introduced into a seat shell which has a cavity or at least has an internal channel.

Both previous variants can be combined, i. Air can first be introduced into a substructure and from there into a seat shell. In both variants, air is brought to the front through said first opening and / or first channels.

On the front of the seat, a cushion may be arranged. The pad may have openings through which the air can flow or the pad may be permeable to air. The pad can be designed so that air is distributed over the entire surface of the pad and flows out of the surface of the pad. It can be a larger area distribution of inflowing air over an entire pad area or a portion of the pad surface can be achieved because air can be distributed in formed in the seat cushion microstructures or microchannels.

In one embodiment of the invention, the air duct is a running in the vehicle longitudinal direction air duct. Such an air duct is preferably accommodated in the lower third or lower quarter of a side wall, preferably below a window level. A longitudinal air duct may be connected to trickle air ducts via which tempered or conditioned air is introduced into the longitudinal air duct. Engraving air ducts extend from a ceiling region of the rail vehicle to the longitudinal air duct. The puncture air channels can in turn be connected directly or via further, preferably longitudinal, air ducts in the ceiling area with the temperature control unit and / or the air conditioner.

In one embodiment of the invention, the seat base is attached to the sidewall of the interior adjacent to the air duct. This embodiment can be applied in particular when the air duct is an air duct running in the vehicle longitudinal direction, which is preferably arranged below windows on / in the side wall. An attached to the side wall seat base can be designed as a console.

In one embodiment, the air duct has openings or branches, wherein in each case a seat or seat base is connected to these openings or branches or is connectable. Thus, a seat can be connected to such openings or branches, possibly several seats per opening / branch, or no base or seat can be connected to such an opening. Mentioned openings or branches are interfaces for seats / seat substructures to be air conditioned according to the invention. The connection here refers to the air-side connection. An opening or a branch can have a defined interface to which a substructure, a seat shell, an air distribution element or a heat exchanger can be connected. Openings or branches to which no seat or seat base are connected, may be closed by closures, such as caps, with additional seats or seat substructures can be connected to these openings or branches as needed, so that tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the seat or seat substructure , The provision of a plurality of openings or branches, which can be used for substructures or seats to be connected, has the advantage that an assembly with seats in the rail vehicle can be variable or can be changed at a later date without affecting the inventive possibility for air flow in a substructure or a seat must be waived. At said openings or branches alternatively other air distribution elements that are not bound to a seat, for example, or heat exchangers can be connected.

In one embodiment of the invention, a valve is provided, with which an air flow can be regulated and / or shut off. In this case, an air flow can be interrupted or reduced via such a valve and thus the air conditioning function per seat reduced or turned off. In particular, in the case of a plurality of seats, each of the plurality of seats is assigned in each case such a valve, so that the air flow can be individually regulated and / or shut off for each seat. The valve for interrupting the air guide may be arranged on or in a seat or a plurality of seats. The valve for interrupting the air duct may alternatively or additionally be arranged in / an air duct in order to be able to control a whole part or branch of the air duct. A valve may in particular be arranged in / on an above-mentioned air duct, which is arranged on or in a side wall of the interior, in particular on a longitudinal air duct, and / or arranged in / on a mentioned branch air duct. When arranged on / in a stick-air duct, an entire branch channel can be regulated or shut off.

In one embodiment, the rail vehicle has at least one second opening, which is arranged on the seat base and / or the seat shell in the direction of a footwell under the seats, so that the tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the footwell. The footwell is part of the interior. The at least one second opening may be arranged on an underside of the seat. This embodiment has the advantage that additional Luftausströmmöglichkeiten be created that are not blocked by a person who has been seated on a seat. In this embodiment, air is not only emitted from a seat and / or a backrest, but also below a seat. In addition, the outflow area for tempered or conditioned air is increased again. In addition, the footwell can be tempered or air conditioned.

In one embodiment, the rail vehicle has at least one third opening, which is arranged on the seat base and / or the seat shell in the direction of a space behind the seat, in particular a space behind a seat back, so that the tempered or conditioned air into a space behind the seat is einströmbar. The at least one third opening may be arranged on a rear side of the seat. This embodiment has the advantage that additional Luftausströmmöglichkeiten be created that are not blocked by a person who has been seated on a seat. Further, in this embodiment, tempered or conditioned air may be directed towards a person seated on a seat behind that seat so as to create a comfortable climate for that person.

• – ein Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät zur Temperierung oder Klimatisierung eines Innenraums des Schienenfahrzeugs,
• – zumindest einen Luftkanal, der an oder in einer Seitenwand des Innenraums angeordnet ist und der an das Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät gekoppelt ist, sodass klimatisierte oder temperierte Luft aus dem Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät in den Luftkanal einströmbar ist,
• – zumindest einen Sitz, der in dem Innenraum des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist, und der eine Unterseite und eine Rückseite aufweist,

wobei der Luftkanal an einen Sitzunterbau und/oder an eine Sitzschale gekoppelt ist,
wobei Luft in oder durch den Sitzunterbau strömbar ist und/oder Luft in oder durch die Sitzschale strömbar ist, und
wobei zumindest eine Öffnung auf der Unterseite und/oder der Rückseite des Sitzes angeordnet ist, sodass durch die zumindest eine Öffnung die temperierte oder klimatisierte Luft in den Innenraum einströmbar ist The invention also provides a rail vehicle, comprising

• A temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit for temperature control or air conditioning of an interior of the rail vehicle,
• At least one air duct, which is arranged on or in a side wall of the interior and which is coupled to the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner, so that air-conditioned or tempered air from the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner can be flowed into the air duct,
• At least one seat arranged in the interior of the rail vehicle and having a lower side and a rear side,

wherein the air duct is coupled to a seat base and / or to a seat shell,
wherein air is flowable in or through the seat base and / or air in or through the seat shell is flowable, and
wherein at least one opening on the underside and / or the back of the seat is arranged so that the tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the interior through the at least one opening

This variant of the invention is based on the reverse principle as described in the preceding embodiments. Air is necessarily emitted on the underside and / or the back. The opening can be arranged on the underside and / or the back of a seat shell. Optionally, air can also be flowed in from the front into the interior. Such a rail vehicle may thus have at least one further opening which is arranged on the front side of the seat, as described above, so that the temperature-controlled or conditioned air can be flowed into the interior from the front side. Apart from this difference, reference is made to the foregoing disclosure, which is equally applicable to this inverted variant of the invention in an analogous manner. In particular, objects and measures of the appended subclaims are valid in an analogous manner to this variant of the invention.

• – ein Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät zur Temperierung oder Klimatisierung des Innenraums,
• – zumindest einen Luftkanal, der an oder in einer Seitenwand des Innenraums angeordnet ist und der an das Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät gekoppelt ist,
• – zumindest einen Sitz, der eine Vorderseite aufweist und der in dem Innenraum des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist,

wobei der Luftkanal an einen Sitzunterbau und/oder an eine Sitzschale gekoppelt ist,

• – zumindest eine erste Öffnung, die auf der Vorderseite des Sitzes angeordnet ist,

wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:

• – Strömen temperierter oder klimatisierter Luft aus dem Temperier- oder Klimagerät in den Luftkanal,
• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft aus dem Luftkanal in oder durch den Sitzunterbau und/oder in oder durch die Sitzschale,
• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft durch die zumindest eine erste Öffnung in den Fahrgastraum.

In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a method for air conditioning an interior of a rail vehicle, wherein a rail vehicle is provided comprising

• A temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit for temperature control or air conditioning of the interior,
• At least one air duct, which is arranged on or in a side wall of the interior and which is coupled to the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner,
• At least one seat having a front and arranged in the interior of the rail vehicle,

wherein the air duct is coupled to a seat base and / or to a seat shell,

• At least one first opening arranged on the front of the seat,

the method comprising the following steps:

• Flowing tempered or conditioned air from the tempering or air conditioning unit into the air duct,
• Flowing the tempered or conditioned air from the air duct into or through the seat base and / or into or through the seat shell,
• - Streaming the tempered or conditioned air through the at least one first opening in the passenger compartment.

In the method, all the above-described subject features of a rail vehicle according to the invention or a temperature control or air conditioning device according to the invention, which is present in the rail vehicle, used individually or in any combination become. Furthermore, all of the above-mentioned procedural features can be used individually or in any combination in the method according to the invention.

• – zumindest eine zweite Öffnung, die an dem Sitzunterbau und/oder der Sitzschale in Richtung eines Fußraumes unter den Sitzen angeordnet ist,

und das Verfahren weist auf:

• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft durch die zweite Öffnung in den Fußraum.

In a special variant, the rail vehicle has in the process:

• At least one second opening, which is arranged on the seat base and / or the seat shell in the direction of a footwell under the seats,

and the method comprises:

• - Flow of tempered or conditioned air through the second opening in the footwell.

• – zumindest eine dritte Öffnung, die an dem Sitzunterbau und/oder der Sitzschale in Richtung eines Raumes hinter dem Sitz, insbesondere eines Raumes hinter einer Sitzlehne, angeordnet ist,

und das Verfahren weist auf:

• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft durch dritte Öffnung in den Raum hinter dem Sitz, insbesondere hinter der Sitzlehne.

In a further special variant, the rail vehicle has in the method:

• At least one third opening, which is arranged on the seat base and / or the seat shell in the direction of a space behind the seat, in particular a space behind a seat back,

and the method comprises:

• - Stream the tempered or conditioned air through the third opening in the space behind the seat, in particular behind the seat back.

Advantages of these variants have already been mentioned before.

• – ein Temperiergerät und/oder ein Klimagerät zur Temperierung oder Klimatisierung des Innenraums,
• – zumindest einen Luftkanal, der an oder in einer Seitenwand des Innenraums angeordnet ist und der an das Temperiergerät und/oder Klimagerät gekoppelt ist,
• – zumindest einen Sitz, der eine Unterseite und eine Rückseite aufweist und der in dem Innenraum des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist, wobei der Luftkanal an einen Sitzunterbau und/oder an eine Sitzschale gekoppelt ist,
• – zumindest eine Öffnung, die an der Unterseite und/oder der Rückseite des Sitzes angeordnet ist,

wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:

• – Strömen temperierter oder klimatisierter Luft aus dem Temperiergerät oder dem Klimagerät in den Luftkanal,
• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft aus dem Luftkanal in oder durch den Sitzunterbau und/oder Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft aus dem Luftkanal in oder durch die Sitzschale,
• – Strömen der temperierten oder klimatisierten Luft durch die Öffnung in den Fahrgastraum, insbesondere in einen Raum hinter dem Sitz und/oder einen Fußraum.

Also provided is a method for air conditioning an interior of a rail vehicle, wherein a rail vehicle is provided, comprising

• A temperature control unit and / or an air conditioning unit for temperature control or air conditioning of the interior,
• At least one air duct, which is arranged on or in a side wall of the interior and which is coupled to the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner,
• At least one seat having a bottom side and a rear side and which is arranged in the interior of the rail vehicle, wherein the air duct is coupled to a seat base and / or to a seat shell,
• At least one opening, which is arranged on the underside and / or the back of the seat,

the method comprising the following steps:

• - Stream tempered or conditioned air from the temperature control unit or the air conditioner in the air duct,
• Flowing the tempered or conditioned air from the air duct into or through the seat base and / or streams of tempered or conditioned air from the air duct into or through the seat pan,
• - Flow of tempered or conditioned air through the opening in the passenger compartment, in particular in a space behind the seat and / or a footwell.

The term "at least one" is synonymous with "one or more". If openings are provided at the bottom and the back of the seat, several openings are present.

This method is based on the reverse principle as described in the previous method. Air is necessarily emitted on the underside and / or the back. Optionally, air may also be flowed in from the front to the interior, for which reference is made to the entire foregoing description. There may thus be one or more further openings arranged at the front side, and a flow of the tempered or conditioned air on the front side into the passenger compartment can take place. Apart from this difference, reference is also made in this method to the entire preceding disclosure, which is applicable in the same way and in an analogous manner to this reverse method variant. Also in this method, all the above-described subject features of a rail vehicle according to the invention or a tempering or air conditioning device according to the invention, which is present in the rail vehicle, can be used individually or in any combination. Furthermore, all of the above-mentioned procedural features may be used singly or in any combination in the method.

The invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 a rail vehicle according to a first embodiment of the invention,

2 a rail vehicle according to a second embodiment of the invention and

3 the embodiment of the 2 from a lateral perspective.

In 1 the view falls into the interior 1 a rail vehicle, here a tram. On a roof, not shown, of the rail car body is a combined temperature and air conditioning unit 3 arranged. The tempering and air conditioning unit 3 is through the roof, not shown, and through the inner ceiling 2 of the interior 1 hidden and therefore shown only dashed. Air channels described below are not shown in dashed lines, even if they are covered by walls, interior trim parts, etc., to show the features of the invention more clearly.

From the tempering and air conditioning unit 3 is provided conditioned air L, whose flow is shown below by arrows. From the temperature control and air conditioning unit 3 The air first turns into a connection duct 4 directed and from there into a longitudinal channel 5 in the upper part of the interior 1 is arranged, branches. The longitudinal channel 5 may be arranged further above, for example in the region of the roof, not shown. From the longitudinal channel 5 out the air L in the Stichluftkanäle 6 . 7 , which run from the ceiling area in the floor area in the vertical direction initiated. The longitudinal channel 5 can extend over a greater length than in 1 shown.

Through the aforementioned Stichluftkanäle 6 . 7 the air is in the running in the vehicle longitudinal direction air duct 8th initiated, as well as the channels 5 . 6 . 7 , in the side wall 9 is arranged and covered by side wall panels. The longitudinal air duct 8th runs below the level of the windows 10 at about the height of the seats 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 , In the back of the 1 is the further course of the air duct 8th hinted, as well as another branch channel 15 which is either to the tempering and air conditioning unit 3 may be coupled or to another, not shown tempering and air conditioning unit.

The seats 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 are in pairs next to the windows 10 arranged. In this embodiment, the seats are each supported on a foot, of which the feet 16 . 17 are shown by way of example. The feet 16 . 17 sit on the floor 18 on. On a hanging seat attachment is based on the 2 and 3 below.

The following description of the seat is based on the seats 11 . 12 but applies equally to the seats 13 . 14 or more seats in the interior 1 , The seats 11 . 12 have the seat shell 19 respectively. 20 on, which are each at least partially hollow. For example, the seat shells 19 . 20 be executed hollow and have inside reinforcing struts for dimensional stability. It is crucial that air L can be flowed through the seat shells in this embodiment and this air can be distributed over a flat area, in this case over a seat surface 21 and a backrest 22 based on the seat 12 exemplified by reference numerals.

The longitudinal channel 8th has the connecting piece 23 on top of the interior of the canal 8th with the cavity of the seat pan 19 combines. Any other type of connection of the seat shell 19 to the canal 8th is possible according to the invention, for example via a flexible hose.

Through the connection piece 23 Air L is in the cavity of the seat 19 directed. The cavity of the seat shell 19 is with the cavity of the seat 20 connected in a suitable manner, for example by connecting channels, not shown, in particular hoses or the like.

The seats 19 . 20 have openings 24 in the area of the backrest 22 and openings 25 in the area of the seat 21 on. The openings, in the form of holes, are arranged in a regular pattern in this example. The pattern is in principle arbitrary and is adapted to the desired outflow surface. Instead of the openings 24 . 25 can be formed within a correspondingly shaped seat shell outflow channels, which extend from a cavity of the seat to a surface of the seat and are not shown here by way of example.

The openings 24 . 25 can through the seat cushions or seats 26 . 27 be covered, which in each case flat over the backrest 22 and / or the seat 21 extend.

The upholstery 26 . 27 can be made of air-permeable material, so that out of the openings 24 . 25 escaping air the upholstery 26 . 27 can penetrate. Examples include textile fabric, non-woven or the like.

In the in 2 shown embodiment to in 1 identical reference numerals identical objects.

In contrast to 1 For example, in this embodiment, air L first enters the seat substructure 30 flowed in on which the seats 31 . 32 are attached in pairs. The substructure 30 is hanging on the side wall 9 fixed, in the area below the level of the windows 10 , In the sidewall 9 are C-rails 33 . 34 embedded in which the substructure 30 is fixed in a known manner, for example with a nut / thread / lock nut combination. In 3 is a schematic attachment of the sub-component 35 shown with such a combination fastening means, wherein the fastening means summarized by the reference numerals 51 . 52 are designated.

The substructure 30 consists of the L-shaped support element 35 and the cross member 36 , is therefore made in two parts. The L-shaped support element is on the C-rails 33 . 34 attached.

The seats 31 . 32 are on the crossbeam 36 attached. The seats 31 . 32 have a common seat 37 extending over the total width of both seats and on the upholstery 38 . 39 are attached. Alternatively, the seats may be made separate and connected to air supply via connecting elements as in the first embodiment.

To the canal 8th is the neck 40 scheduled, which is a valve 41 having. With the valve 41 is the air flow through the nozzle 40 adjustable. The stub 40 connects the channel 8th with a cavity in the substructure 30 is provided. The further course of the air flow is in the 3 shown below. With the valve 41 Thus, the amount of air can be regulated by the channel 8th in the substructure 30 flows. The valve 41 is in this example with the actuating means 42 manually adjustable in the form of a set screw. Of course, electrical adjusting means may be provided and a non-manual control may be provided.

The seat shell 37 is hollow inside and the cavity of the seat 37 is with the mentioned cavity in the substructure 30 connected. In the seat shell 37 are openings 43 in the area of the backrests and openings 44 provided in the area of the seats. The openings 43 . 44 are through the seat cushions 38 . 39 concealed, to represent the principle in 2 but shown.

Through the openings 43 . 44 air L flows out and penetrates the pads 38 . 39 , what in 2 based on an exemplary arrow, which is denoted by L, at the seat 32 and also in 3 is shown in cross section.

3 shows a side view of the structure of 2 , wherein identical reference numerals identical items as in 2 describe.

Air L flows out of the roof area through the shown stitch channel 6 in the longitudinal channel 8th and from there through the neck 40 in the cavity 45 of the seat base 30 , From the cavity 45 from the air flows into another cavity 46 in the side rail 36 is arranged, including both cavities 45 . 46 are connected to each other in a manner not shown. The cavity 46 is in turn with the cavity 47 in the seat shell 37 connected. From the cavity 47 from air flows through the in 2 already shown openings 43 in the area of the backrest and 44 in the area of the seat, with the air L the upholstery 39 flows through and within the pad 39 can be distributed.

Furthermore, in 3 openings 48 on the underside of the seat pan 37 shown by which air L in the footwell under the seats 31 . 32 can flow. Shown are two exemplary openings 48 in the seat pan 37 are provided. Other openings may be in the cross member 36 and / or in the L-shaped support part 35 be provided so that air from the cavity 46 and / or out of the cavity 45 can flow towards the floor space.

Further shows 3 openings 49 on the back of the seat 37 So on the back of the seat back 53 , Through the openings 49 Air conditioned L is in a room behind the seats 31 . 32 einströmbar, especially in the direction of passengers who have taken seats not shown, behind the seats 31 . 32 are arranged.

In 2 and 3 are openings 50 in the longitudinal channel 8th which are potential outlets for air. To the not used here openings 50 can a neck 40 or otherwise connected to a seat which is conditioned in the same manner as the seats 31 and 32 , The openings 50 can, if they are not needed, be closed by closures, not shown here, such as caps. If necessary, the caps can be removed and one or more seats can be connected on the air side. Of course, there may be more openings than in 2 and 3 exemplified by an opening 50 shown.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10304272 A1 [0003]

Claims (13)

Rail vehicle, comprising - a temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit ( 3 ) for temperature control or air conditioning of an interior ( 1 ) of the rail vehicle, - at least one air duct ( 8th ), on or in a side wall ( 9 ) of the interior ( 1 ) is arranged and to the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner ( 3 ), so that conditioned or tempered air (L) from the temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit ( 3 ) in the air duct ( 8th ), - at least one seat ( 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 ; 31 . 32 ), which in the interior ( 1 ) of the rail vehicle, and which has a front side, wherein the air duct ( 8th ) to a seat substructure ( 30 ) and / or to a seat pan ( 19 . 20 ; 37 Air is in or through the seat substructure is flowable and / or air in or through the seat shell is flowable, and wherein at least a first opening ( 24 . 25 ; 43 . 44 ) is arranged on the front side, so that through the at least one first opening the tempered or conditioned air into the interior ( 1 ) is einströmbar. Rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air duct ( 8th ) Is a running in the vehicle longitudinal direction air duct. Rail vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air duct with branch air ducts ( 6 . 7 ), which extends from a ceiling area of the rail vehicle to the air channel ( 8th ). Rail vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the seat substructure ( 30 ) on the side wall ( 9 ) of the interior next to the air duct ( 8th ) is attached. Rail vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising a valve ( 41 ), with which an air flow can be regulated and / or shut off. Rail vehicle according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of seats ( 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 ; 31 . 32 ) one valve each ( 41 ) is assigned, so that the air flow is adjustable and / or lockable for each seat of the plurality of seats. Rail vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising - at least one second opening ( 48 ) attached to the seat base ( 30 ) and / or the seat pan ( 37 ) is arranged in the direction of a footwell under the seats, so that the tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the footwell. Rail vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising - at least one third opening ( 49 ) attached to the seat base ( 30 ) and / or the seat pan ( 37 ) is arranged in the direction of a space behind the seat, so that the tempered or conditioned air can be flowed into the space behind the seat. Rail vehicle according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the air duct ( 8th ) Openings ( 50 ) or branches, with these openings ( 50 ) or branches each a seat shell ( 19 . 20 ; 37 ) or a seat substructure ( 30 ) is connected or connectable. Rail vehicle according to claim 9, wherein openings ( 50 ) or branches, to which no seat or seat substructure is connected, are each closed by closures, with additional seats or seat substructures or air distribution elements or heat exchangers can be connected to these openings or branches if necessary. Method for temperature control or air conditioning of an interior of a rail vehicle, wherein a rail vehicle is provided, comprising - a temperature control unit and / or air conditioning unit ( 3 ) for temperature control or air conditioning of the interior ( 1 ), - at least one air duct ( 8th ), on or in a side wall ( 9 ) of the interior ( 1 ) is arranged and to the temperature control unit and / or air conditioner ( 3 ), - at least one seat ( 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 ; 31 . 32 ), which has a front and in the interior ( 9 ) of the rail vehicle, wherein the air duct ( 8th ) to a seat substructure ( 30 ) and / or to a seat pan ( 19 . 20 ; 37 ), - at least one first opening ( 24 . 25 ; 43 . 44 ), which is arranged on the front side of the seat, wherein the method comprises the following steps: - flow tempered or conditioned air (L) from the temperature control or air conditioning unit ( 3 ) in the air duct ( 8th ), - flowing the tempered or conditioned air (L) from the air duct ( 8th ) in or through the seat substructure ( 30 ) and / or streams of tempered or conditioned air (L) from the air duct into or through the seat pan ( 19 . 20 ; 37 ), - flowing the tempered or conditioned air (L) through the at least one first opening in the passenger compartment. The method of claim 11, wherein the rail vehicle comprises: - at least one second opening ( 48 ) extending from the seat base ( 30 ) and / or the seat pan ( 19 . 20 ; 37 ) in the direction of a footwell under the seats ( 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 ; 31 . 32 ) is arranged and the method comprises: - flowing the tempered or conditioned air (L) through the second opening ( 48 ) in the footwell. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein the rail vehicle comprises: - at least a third opening ( 49 ) extending from the seat base ( 30 ) and / or the seat pan ( 37 ) is arranged in the direction of a space behind the seat, and the method comprises: - passing the tempered or conditioned air (L) through the third opening ( 49 ) in the room behind the seat.

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