DE102015114734B4 - Actuator for textile laying needles and other adjustment objects as well as a movement or adjustment method - Google Patents

Abstract

Actuator arrangement for adjusting a laying needle (2) of a textile machine or for moving another adjustment object, with at least two actuators, each of which is designed as an electromagnetic actuator and can be actuated by electrical control, the actuators being on opposite sides on both sides of the adjustment object for coupling with the Adjusting object and for generating a magnetic field aligned in such a way that a magnetic pulling force can be exerted on the adjusting object during its electrical control and actuation, a magnetic air gap (L) being formed between the adjusting object (2) and each of the electromagnetic actuating transducers (5). and each of the electromagnetic actuators has a printed circuit with a coil - hereinafter referred to as a “PCB coil” (5) - with one or more conductor tracks (6) being formed on one or more circuit boards, the course of which forms an inductance or the Magnetic field generating coil is designed.

Description

The invention relates to an actuator arrangement for adjusting a laying needle of a textile machine or for moving another adjustment object with at least two actuating transducers, which are arranged on opposite sides for coupling to the adjustment object and can be actuated by electrical control. The invention further relates to a method for moving or adjusting a laying needle of a textile machine or another adjustment object, in particular using the aforementioned actuator arrangement, with two actuating transducers being arranged on both sides of the adjustment object and being put into operative connection with it by respective electrical control. The adjustment or movement of the laying needle or other adjustment object within the scope of the invention includes both rotational movements such as pivoting about an axis or bending movements about an attachment point as well as linear or other translational movements, for example sliding movements predetermined by a guide.

Textile machines are known in the form of warp knitting machines with Jacquard control, in which several laying needles are divided onto laying bars and can be individually and selectively moved or adjusted by at least one knitting needle pitch based on electrical control commands ( EP 0 583 631 B1 ). In order to simplify the Jaquard control, it is proposed to adjust the laying needles using piezoelectric transducers arranged on the laying bar and each assigned to a laying needle, for which purpose a control voltage is applied to the piezoelectric transducers. Since piezoelectric transducers are relatively small components, a space-saving installation that takes into account the narrow knitting needle pitch can be achieved for the bending or adjusting transducers realized with them, with an adjustment path corresponding to the knitting needle pitch being achieved. Another advantage is the low power loss with which piezoelectric transducers can work.

The disadvantage of piezoelectric transducers is the low actuating force that can be applied with them (compare EP 2 053 149 A2 , column 2, lines 46 and 47). This can lead to so-called “bounce” or rebound effects when the laying needle hits a stop, which serves to limit the laying needle adjustment stroke. In order to reduce such vibrations when the laying needle hits the stop, the above-mentioned method is used EP 0 583 631 B1 It is considered advisable to provide the laying needle stop with a permanent magnet.

In order to meet the high demands on control dynamics in Jacquard devices and to avoid the disadvantages mentioned associated with piezoelectric transducers, in EP 2 053 149 A2 proposed to provide an electro-pneumatic-mechanical actuating device, which is set in operative connection with an actuator for displacing the laying needles and guiding them. However, given the very limited installation space available for the individual components of the actuator, the constructive implementation of the electro-pneumatic-mechanical concept leads to a complex design with a large number of structural components, which in turn affects the technical reliability.

The disclosure document DE 28 09 248 A1 deals with an electrical device for controlling reading elements in textile machines. The movable anchors of the handling elements, which can also be moved between two stable positions, should be used,

Also the disclosure document DE 10 2011 015 287 A1 deals with inductive elements for the movement of objects. It is also suggested that coils can be printed together with other electronic components in one operation.

The patent specification DE 26 40 727 C2 reveals jacquard machines that use the induction principle. The electrical control elements include an electrical coil, a first ferromagnetic rod made of steel arranged in a stationary manner therein and a second, magnetizable, ferromagnetic rod made of soft iron articulated thereon.

The German utility model DE 89 00 281 U1 is about an electromagnetic adjusting device for selecting the needles on a knitting machine. The adjusting device has at least one winding in a bearing and an armature articulated on the bearing, which is subject to the effect of an electromagnetic field. Two windings are arranged on opposite sides relative to the armature to move it between two angular positions.

The DE 23 40 341 A discloses an electromagnetic actuator for relocating a yarn guide. The yarn guide is arranged within a magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit. To move the yarn guide, a coil is supplied with an electrical current, which changes the magnetic field and pivots the yarn guide around the axis.

The DE 44 34 684 A1 deals with a method for controlling the armature movement of an electromagnetic switching arrangement. with at least one holding magnet acting on the armature and at least one restoring means acting on the armature. As soon as the armature is in contact with the pole face of the holding magnet, the catching current can be reduced to a smaller level, the so-called holding current level.

The object underlying the invention is to create an actuator device for textile machine laying needles or other adjustment objects that is improved compared to the disadvantages in the prior art. The solution is proposed by the actuator arrangement specified in claim 1 and the movement or adjustment method for laying needles or other adjustment objects specified in the independent claim 14. Optional, expedient invention development results from the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a magnetic field generator is used on both sides of the adjustment object, in particular the textile machine laying needle, to form a magnetic pulling force, in particular an electric pulling magnet, in order to provide the adjustment object or the laying needle with linear and/or rotational, in particular bending-like, lifting movements within predetermined dead centers or to issue attacks. An actuator arrangement with two electromagnetic transducers or electric pull magnets is provided for each adjustment object. On the basis of the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention, the adjustment movements can be carried out with the necessary force and dynamics. In this regard, an embodiment of the adjustment object with ferromagnetic or magnetizable material and its arrangement between the two electromagnetic actuators is functional, with a magnetic air gap being formed between the adjustment object and each of the electronically controlled and / or electromagnetic actuators, and that generated by the respective electromagnetic actuator Magnetic field is aligned to exert a pulling force on the adjustment object.

Using the actuator arrangement according to the invention as a basic unit, a module with several laying needles lying next to one another can also be implemented, each of which can be adjusted by a basic actuator unit according to the invention.

The available installation space for the individual components of the actuator arrangement is very limited or narrow, especially in connection with textile machine laying needles. The invention takes this into account in that each of the electromagnetic actuators or electric pull magnets comprises a printed circuit with a coil, in particular a non-conductive carrier material or substrate (for example plastic circuit board) with conductor tracks, which is hereinafter referred to as a “PCB coil”. One or more conductor tracks, in particular copper tracks, are formed on one or more printed circuit boards, the course of which corresponds to an inductance or a coil for generating a magnetic field with a magnetic pulling force.

In order to achieve high tensile forces and the associated high actuating dynamics, it is particularly advantageous to design each of the PCB coils using multilayer technology. The coil or its turns extend over several layers or over several levels that are arranged one above the other and carry conductor tracks. The advantage achieved in this way is primarily the realization of higher numbers of turns for the PCB coil, which is accompanied by a corresponding increase in the magnetic pulling force. Practical design calculations show that a PCB coil number of 10 turns is possible for a board with 2 copper layers and a PCB coil number of 20 turns is possible for a board with 4 copper layers. With a laying needle width of 9 mm, a number of turns of 20 or 40 and with a laying needle width of 12 mm a number of turns of 30 or 60 are conceivable.

In order to avoid, in the case of a module with several laying needles lying next to one another, that an electromagnetic transducer with its magnetic leakage flux has a functionally impaired effect on an adjacent laying needle assigned to another or adjacent electromagnetic transducer, according to an optional embodiment of the invention, each of the PCB coils or each of the other electromagnetic transducers are each put into effective connection with an iron or other ferromagnetic body for magnetic inference. The advantage lies in the targeted bundling and guidance of the magnetic field lines, which results in little wastage. The return body can be made, for example, from sheet metal. According to an expedient exemplary embodiment, in order to prevent repercussions on neighboring laying needles that are not assigned to it or neighboring, other adjustment objects, the PCB coil is brought into a preferably flat contact over its entire width or at least with one complete side on the yoke body and fastened there. The attachment can be done, for example, by gluing.

The magnetic leakage flux, which could possibly impermissibly spread to neighboring adjustment objects, can be reduced even further if each of the PCB coils is enclosed or surrounded by the yoke body, preferably as much as possible, or is embedded in it Provided that magnetic pulling forces can still be exerted on the adjustment object to the required extent. This can be achieved by ensuring that the PCB coil rests firmly against the return body not only with its long, wide or back side, but also with its front or thick sides. The targeted conduction of magnetic field lines while avoiding stray flux is further improved and the magnetic pulling force on the adjustment object is further increased. The latter is also served by an exemplary embodiment of the invention, according to which one or more circuit boards of each of the PCB coils have a recess or a breakthrough, which is filled or penetrated by material of the ferromagnetic yoke body.

An optional embodiment of the invention also serves to achieve higher tensile forces, according to which the return body is designed with a groove, groove or other recess on its surface into which a PCB coil can be inserted. For this purpose, the course of the depression can be adapted to the contour of the PCB coil, in particular it can coincide with the PCB coil in a form-fitting manner. It is expedient if the ferromagnetic yoke body, which may carry a PCB coil on each of its two opposite sides in a laying bar module with a plurality of laying needles, is made thicker by or corresponding to the thickness of a PCB board. A groove can then be embossed into the surface of the yoke body, the depth of which matches or corresponds to the board thickness of the PCB coil. The ferromagnetic yoke volume is thereby further increased and the occurrence of magnetic stray losses is further reduced.

Mechanical stabilization is served if a carrying device made of non-ferromagnetic, non-magnetizable or at least only negligibly magnetizable but heat-conducting material is optionally used, on which each of the electromagnetic actuators, in particular each of the PCB coils, and / or optionally each of the ferromagnetic yoke bodies are attached. This also makes it possible to achieve or promote the dissipation of power or heat loss, especially if the components mentioned lie flat against the support device. To achieve negligible magnetizability and thermal conductivity, suitable manufacturing materials for the support device or its parts, for example, are aluminum and/or zinc.

Within the scope of embodiments according to the invention, it is expedient to structure the support device in a base plate, onto which the electromagnetic transducers or PCB coils and/or the return body or bodies are placed or applied on one side, and in a module support strip on which the PCB Coils or electromagnetic transducers and/or the yoke body(s) are attached and/or held on another side. In particular, this design has the advantage that the textile machine laying needle can be detachably held on the above-mentioned support device, in particular its module support strip. The actuator arrangement according to the invention could initially be delivered to the operator of the textile machine without a laying needle and installed on the textile machine; The laying needles could then be attached to the module support strip by the operator, for example held in a detachable manner, only after the actuator arrangement has been installed.

An advantage that can be achieved with the heat-conducting base plate or module support strip is that the ferromagnetic yoke body can be fastened, in particular attached or attached, over at least the largest part of its total length, preferably in a flat, snug manner. In addition to improved heat dissipation, mechanical stiffening is also achieved, especially if the base plate and the module support strip are firmly connected to one another or are formed in one piece.

To control the current supply to the electromagnetic converter, in particular the PCB coil, and also to control its consumption of electrical power, the use of at least one electrical switching element in the coil circuit is expedient. This also creates a simple way to actuate the converter in a timely manner. The switching element can be accommodated in a space-saving manner on or within the support device, in particular within the base plate or module support strip.

According to the invention, the adjustment object is given a stroke or movement or adjustment up to a stop by energizing one of the electromagnetic actuators with a higher current intensity; To keep the adjustment object stable at the stop in the event of vibrations, a current supply with a lower current strength is sufficient. This results, among other things, from the minimally small air gap when it rests against the stop, where larger tightening forces are possible. Within the scope of the invention, it is expedient to carry out the electrical control of the several electromagnetic actuating transducers or the generation of their magnetic tensile forces alternately with one another, so that a defined adjustment can be carried out by one of the transducers alone without influence from the other transducer with the highest possible dynamics.

• 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung eine schematische Prinzipskizze eines Legenadel-Moduls mit einer Mehrzahl von nebeneinander angeordneten Legenadeln mit jeweils zugeordneten Paaren elektromagnetischer Wandler, und
• 2 eine vereinfachte Schnittdarstellung gemäß Linie A-A in 1.

Further details, features, combinations of features, advantages and effects based on the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention and the drawings. These show in:

• 1 a perspective view of a schematic principle sketch of a laying needle module with a plurality of laying needles arranged next to one another, each with assigned pairs of electromagnetic transducers, and
• 2 a simplified sectional view according to line AA in 1 .

Reference symbol list

1

Module support strip

2

laying needle

3

Iron back bar

4

Module carrier base plate

5

PCB coil

6

Copper track

7

Switch

8th

inner recess of the PCB coil

a

Distance

L

air gap

9

stop body

10

Groove in the iron return body

According to 1 Several textile machine laying needles 2 are firmly attached with their respective ends to a module support strip 1, projecting parallel to one another. At their other, free ends, the laying needles 2 are provided with thread guide elements (not shown) and can be moved there from one stop body to another stop body (see 2 ) move when a magnetically generated tensile force is exerted on them by a respective electromagnetic transducer. This leads to bending movements of the laying needle 2 fixed at one end.

Ferromagnetic iron return strips 3, each opposite a laying needle 2, are arranged in a mutually parallel arrangement on a heat-conducting, non-ferromagnetic module carrier base plate 4 in a heat-transferring manner over their entire length and are physically or heat-conductively connected at one end to the module carrier strip 1, in accordance with exemplary drawing, the module support strip 1 is placed vertically on the base plate 4. The respective laying needle 2 is arranged so that it can be bent back and forth between two iron return strips 3, running parallel to them. The composite of support strip 1 and base plate 4 comprising support device 1, 4 together with the associated parallel laying needles 2 and iron return strips 3 represents a laying needle module.

To adjust the laying needles 2 like bending elements, the iron return strips 3 are each provided with a PCB coil 5 on their sides facing the laying needles, so that the inner ones of the iron return strips 3 carry a PCB coil 5 on both sides. Of the latter, only the multi-layered ones are (to simplify the drawing) (according to the example in 1 two-layer) in windings, conductive copper tracks 6 forming an inductance or coil are drawn schematically. A two- or multi-layer circuit board, together with the copper tracks 6 running in windings, forms the PCB coil 5. By means of switches 7 each assigned to a PCB coil 5, the associated copper tracks 6 or windings can be switched to de-energized or live. In the current-carrying state, a magnetic field directed at the associated, directly opposite laying needle 2 emanates from the PCB coil 5 that has just been switched on, which results in a tensile force exerted on the ferromagnetic laying needle 2. The latter adjusts or pivots the laying needle 2 like a bending beam that is firmly clamped at the end, with its free, thread-guiding end pointing towards a stop (see 2 ) is adjusted. For the laying needle module according to 1 The individual laying needles 2 can be adjusted independently of one another, since the assigned PCB coils 5 can be operated independently of one another by means of the switches 7.

In the sectional view according to 2 Of the PCB coils 5, only the respective two- or multi-layer boards are shown schematically. They each have an inner recess 8, which is filled with material from the respective iron return strip 3 to further strengthen the magnetic field generated by the coil windings. To insulate the copper tracks from the iron return strips 3, cover varnish can be applied to the respective PCB coil 5. Preferably, the respective PCB coil 5 with its circuit board body is attached to the adjacent iron return strip 3 by gluing.

According to the present sectional view of the 2 the PCB coils 5 are surrounded or framed by the iron return bar 3 over most of their inner and/or outer circumference, in the example shown on at least three sides. The aim is for the respective PCB coil to be embedded or embedded in the iron return strip in such a way that only its laying needle 2 or The side assigned to the adjustment object remains free in order not to impair the exercise of the magnetic pulling force on the laying needle 2. This can be achieved, for example, with a groove 10 which is formed in the iron return bar 3 in the surface of the side facing the laying needle 2. For this purpose, it is expedient if the iron return strip 3 has a correspondingly greater thickness, for example by being expanded on one or both sides by the thickness of the PCB coil 5. The magnetic leakage flux and thus the reaction to neighboring PCB coils and laying needles can be noticeably reduced. This effect is further promoted by the fact that a certain distance a is created from an outside of the PCB coil 5 to a nearest outer edge of the iron return strip. Accordingly, the PCB coil 5 is positioned inwards in the respective iron return strip 3.

According to 2 There is an air gap L (which can be changed by adjusting) between the iron return bar 3 or the PCB coil 5 on the one hand and the laying needle 2 on the other. The air gap L obtains its minimum width when the free end of the laying needle 2, which has a thread guide element, is brought into contact with a stop body 9 by a tensile force exerted by a PCB coil 5. The latter can, for example, be arranged at a distance from the nearest PCB coil 5 or iron return bar 3.

With the actuator arrangement according to the invention, in particular with that according to in 1 and 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown, magnetic tensile forces can be achieved that allow very dynamic movements with the advantage that when the laying needle 2 is in contact with the stop body 9, larger attracting forces are possible due to the then smaller, minimized air gap L, which secure the system despite any vibration of the laying needle module . The inductance and the ohmic resistance of the PCB coils 5 result in time constants in the microsecond range for the dynamics of the current. After the short-term lifting movement of the laying needle 2 until it comes into contact with the stop body 9, the power requirement can be reduced. This is because the magnetic pulling force is inversely proportional to the square of the air gap, so that the power requirement for holding the laying needle 2 on the stop body 9 is reduced.

If the current is controlled accordingly, the average power requirement per actuator or converter can be reduced. The variable converters or PCB coils 5 are operated with direct current.

Claims (14)

Actuator arrangement for adjusting a laying needle (2) of a textile machine or for moving another adjustment object, with at least two actuators, each of which is designed as an electromagnetic actuator and can be actuated by electrical control, the actuators being on opposite sides on both sides of the adjustment object for coupling with the Adjusting object and for generating a magnetic field aligned in such a way that a magnetic pulling force can be exerted on the adjusting object during its electrical control and actuation, a magnetic air gap (L) being formed between the adjusting object (2) and each of the electromagnetic actuating transducers (5). and each of the electromagnetic actuators has a printed circuit with a coil - hereinafter referred to as a “PCB coil” (5) - with one or more conductor tracks (6) being formed on one or more circuit boards, the course of which forms an inductance or the Magnetic field generating coil is designed. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 1 , characterized in that each of the PCB coils (5) is designed using multilayer technology, with the coil or its turns extending over several layers or over several levels arranged one above the other and carrying conductor tracks. Actuator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the electromagnetic actuators or optionally each of the PCB coils (5) is placed in operative connection with an iron or other ferromagnetic body (3) for magnetic inference. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 3 , characterized in that each of the PCB coils (5) or each of the other electromagnetic actuators is each comprised of, surrounded by or embedded in a return body (3), with the proviso that magnetic tensile forces can still be exerted on the adjustment object (2). . Actuator arrangement according to Claim 3 or 4 , characterized in that the one or more circuit boards of each of the PCB coils (5) have a recess (8) which is filled or penetrated by material of the ferromagnetic yoke body (3). Actuator arrangement according to one of the Claims 3 - 5 , characterized in that the return body (3) has a groove (10), groove or other recess in which the PCB coil (5) is inserted or can be inserted. Actuator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a carrying device (1,4) made of non-ferromagnetic, non-magnetizable or at least only negligibly magnetizable but heat-conducting material, on which each of the PCB coils (5) or each of the electromagnetic Variable converter and / or optionally each of the yoke bodies (3) are attached. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the supporting device (1,4) has a base plate (4) on which the electromagnetic transducers or PCB coils (5) and/or the return body or bodies (3) are applied on one side, and/or a Module support strip (4), on which the PCB coils (5) or electromagnetic transducer and / or the yoke body or bodies (3) are attached and / or held on another side. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the ferromagnetic yoke body (3) is fastened to the heat-conducting base plate (4) and/or module support strip (1) over at least the largest part of its total length. Actuator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the PCB coils (5) or each of the electromagnetic actuating transducers is provided with an electrical switching element (7) for current supply and actuation. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 10 and one of the Claims 7 - 9 , characterized in that the switching element (7) of each electromagnetic actuator or each PCB coil (5) is arranged on or within the support device (1,4). Actuator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laying needle (2) or the other adjustment object is formed with ferromagnetic material. Actuator arrangement according to one of the Claims 7 - 9 , characterized in that the laying needle (2) or the other adjustment object is designed as a bending element and is attached at one end to the support device (1,4), possibly the module support strip (1). Method for moving or adjusting a laying needle (2) of a textile machine or another adjustment object, using an actuator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two electromagnetic actuating transducers (5) are operatively connected to the adjustment object by respective electrical control to generate a magnetic field and an electromagnetic actuator is controlled to generate a magnetic field, the actuators (5) being arranged on both sides of the adjustment object and the magnetic field generated by them being aligned to the adjustment object (2) in order to exert a tensile force, and between the adjustment object (2) and a magnetic air gap (L) is formed for each of the electrically operated actuators (5) and the adjustment object (2) is given a stroke or movement up to a stop (9) by energizing one of the electromagnetic actuators (5) with a higher current intensity and then the current supply is reduced to a lower current strength to hold the adjustment object (2) at the stop (9).

Images