DE102015010577A1 - Method for producing a body shell - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the invention is a method of manufacturing a body shell comprising the steps of providing parts (3, 5, 31) of the body shell with an anti-corrosion coating on the parts (3, 5, 31), joining the parts (3, 5, 31) of the body shell (2) with at least one joining method to the body shell, applying at least one hardenable substance (10) on the anticorrosive coated parts (3, 5, 31) of the body shell and / or the anticorrosion-coated body shell, cleaning the body shell in a cleaning system, heating the body shell in a cathodic furnace, wherein before cleaning the body shell in the cleaning system, the applied at least one substance (10) with electromagnetic radiation at least partially is cured.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a body shell and a method for producing a motor vehicle.

Motor vehicles as passenger vehicles have a body as a body shell component and numerous other components, such as a drive motor on. The body as a structural component requires a high rigidity and is formed by a body shell component. On the body shell component, the other components, such as drive motor, wheels, drive shafts, gears, seats or interior trim, indirectly or directly attached.

For the production of the body shell component, a steel sheet is unrolled from a steel roll. In order to prevent corrosion on the steel sheet before processing into the body shell, the steel sheet rolled up on the steel roll is often provided on the surface with an anticorrosive coating, in particular oil coating. The unrolled steel sheet is cut off and then formed into parts of the bodyshell. Subsequently, the parts of the body shell component with different joining methods, such as welding, riveting or clinching, connected to the body shell component. Subsequently, the components of the motor vehicle are indirectly or directly attached to the body shell as the body of the motor vehicle. The components are, for example, a drive motor, a transmission, seats or an interior trim.

On the parts of the body shell and / or body shell increasingly hardenable substances, in particular adhesives, sealants or insulating materials are applied. Adhesives are used in an additional joining process for cohesive bonding of the parts of the body shell. For this example, two flanges of two parts of the body shell are connected to each other both with a welded joint and with an adhesive bond from the adhesive. As a result, the rigidity and strength of the body and the body shell can be further improved. Since the body shell is at least partially made of steel, corrosion protection is required. For this purpose, a dip coating is applied to the body shell with a cathodic electrodeposition coating and then the dip coating is cured in a cathodic dip-tile oven. Prior to the cathodic electrocoating, a cleaning of the body shell is required in a cleaning system. However, the hardenable material applied to the carcass shell prior to cleaning is partially washed out in the cleaning system since it has not yet been cured in the cathodic electrocoating oven. This has the disadvantage that the cleaning system must be constantly operated with special deposition equipment to deposit the hardenable material in the cleaning liquid of the cleaning system. Furthermore, the hardenable material, in particular adhesive, can also be washed out to a greater extent, so that gaps between two flanges of parts of the body shell are not sufficiently filled with adhesive, so that the curing of the adhesive in the cathodic furnace only an insufficient adhesive connection between the Flanges of parts of the body allows.

From the DE 196 18 225 A1 A method for joining aluminum or aluminum steel components for motor vehicle bodies in mass production in the vehicle is known. The components to be joined are provided with an adhesive layer of a thermosetting adhesive and cured under tension. The adhesive layer is heated inductively, wherein the heat supply is maintained until the adhesive layer has cured.

The DE 10 2012 012 638 A1 shows a method for connecting a first shell component with a second shell component of a motor vehicle body.

An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a body shell and a method for producing a motor vehicle available in which are used during the production of body shell hardenable materials, in particular parts of the body shell with Adhesive are joined together, and when cleaning the body shell in the cleaning system substantially no hardenable substance is washed out, so that advantageously no expensive and expensive deposition of hardenable substances in the cleaning liquid of the cleaning system is necessary.

This object is achieved according to an embodiment with a method for producing a body shell with the steps: provide parts of the body shell with an anti-corrosion coating on the parts, connecting the parts of the body shell with at least one joining method to the body -Rohbau, applying at least one hardenable substance on the anticorrosion-coated parts of the body shell and / or on the anticorrosion-coated body shell, cleaning the body shell in a cleaning system, heating the body Shell construction in a KTL furnace, wherein prior to cleaning the body shell in the cleaning system, the applied at least one substance is at least partially cured with electromagnetic radiation. The hardenable substance is at least partially, in particular on the surface, cured prior to cleaning in the cleaning system with electromagnetic radiation, so that thereby the washing out resistance of the hardenable substance during subsequent introduction into the cleaning system is substantially increased. As a result, substantially no substance is washed out of the cleaning fluid by the cleaning fluid of the cleaning system during cleaning of the body shell. An expensive deposition of the substance in the cleaning liquid of the cleaning system can be avoided in an advantageous manner. In addition, the applied hardenable material remains unchanged on the parts of the body shell or the body shell as after application of the hardenable material, so that thereby the geometry of the applied substance in the cleaning system is not changed. For example, this can be avoided in an advantageous manner uncontrolled washing out of adhesives in the spaces between two flanges, which are to be joined together by means of an adhesive bond. As a result, adhesive bonds can be reliably produced in the manufacture of body shell. The hardenable material is applied to a plurality of partial surfaces of the parts of the body shell and / or the body shell, which are preferably coated with an anti-corrosion coating, preferably oil or an oil film. This is a special hardenable material that adheres to the parts and / or body shell despite the coating with the anti-corrosion coating and then still adheres after hardening. As a result, for example, when using adhesive as the hardenable substance, a plurality of adhesive bonds can be produced between the partial surfaces. The anti-corrosion coating is, for example, an oil coating or a wax-containing coating. The wax-containing coating is applied at an elevated temperature to the metal, in particular metal sheet, preferably sheet steel, and then cooled to ambient temperature.

In an additional embodiment, the at least one fabric is cured with UV light.

In a supplementary variant, the at least one substance is cured with the electromagnetic radiation only at the surface in order to substantially avoid washing out of the at least one substance in the cleaning system.

In an additional embodiment, an adhesive and / or a sealant and / or an insulating material is applied as at least one hardenable substance. Adhesives are used for adhesive bonds between the parts, that is, as a joining method. Sealants are used for sealing and insulation materials are used for insulation, in particular for thermal and / or acoustic insulation. A variety of insulation and / or seals can be produced due to application of the insulating materials and / or sealants on a variety of faces.

In a supplementary embodiment, the hardenable substance is applied between two parts of the body shell, so that after the hardening of the substance as an adhesive, the two parts are connected to one another with an adhesive bond.

Suitably, the hardenable adhesive is introduced into a gap between the two parts. The introduction of the substance into the intermediate space can be carried out, for example, by applying the substance to at least one part and then moving the two parts relative to each other such that the applied substance is arranged in the intermediate space between the two parts.

In a supplementary embodiment, the two parts in the region of the intermediate space before and / or during and / or after the introduction of the adhesive with at least one welded connection, in particular spot welding connection, connected to each other.

In an additional embodiment, the complete curing of the at least one substance in the KTL furnace is carried out. The electromagnetic radiation is thus initially carried out on the surface of a partial curing of the substance to avoid washing out of the substance in the cleaning system and the complete curing of the substance for the functionality of the substance is carried out in the cathodic oven due to the thermal heating of the Stoffes in the KTL oven.

In a further embodiment, the at least partial curing of the applied at least one substance is carried out with electromagnetic radiation during the production of welded joints between the parts of the body shell.

Appropriately, the irradiation with electromagnetic radiation is performed at a welding station for the parts of the body shell.

Preferably, the irradiation with electromagnetic radiation is carried out by a radiation source for electromagnetic radiation is attached to a robot arm of a welding robot and the radiation source emits or irradiates electromagnetic radiation to the at least one hardenable substance. The robotic arm of the welding robot can thus be simultaneously used for both welding and curing by virtue of arranging both a spot welding electrode and a UV light emitting source. As a result, the design effort for curing by means of electromagnetic radiation of the substance is very low in an advantageous manner. The method according to the invention can thereby be installed or integrated into existing production plants with a particularly low outlay.

In an additional embodiment, after cleaning the body shell in the cleaning system and before heating the body shell in the cathodic furnace, the body shell of an electrochemical dip coating, in particular cathodic electrocoating, and / or phosphating supplied.

In a further embodiment, the bodywork shell is painted after the cathodic dip-tile furnace and / or the parts of the body shell made of metal and / or plastic and / or a sandwich sheet are provided. Plastic parts generally do not have an anti-corrosion coating.

In a further embodiment, the parts of the body shell are provided by rolling metal, in particular steel and / or a light metal, for example aluminum, preferably a metal sheet, with an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of a metal roll, the rolled metal into parts is severed and the parts are formed and / or applying the at least one hardenable substance on the parts of the body shell and / or on the body shell before and / or during and / or after the connections of the parts of the body shell with the at least one joining method is carried out to the body shell. The parts made of metal are thus made available, for example, from steel and / or from light metal, in particular aluminum.

Inventive method for producing a motor vehicle with the steps: producing a body shell, provide a drive motor, in particular an electric motor and / or internal combustion engine, provide wheels and seats, connecting the body shell, the drive motor, the wheels and the seats to the motor vehicle, wherein the body shell is made with a method described in this patent application.

In a further embodiment, the painting of the body shell is carried out with a base coat and / or a color finish with a specific color and / or a clearcoat.

The invention further comprises a computer program with program code means which are stored on a computer-readable data carrier in order to carry out a method described in this patent application when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding computing unit.

The invention also relates to a computer program product with program code means which are stored on a computer-readable data carrier in order to carry out a method described in this patent application when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding computing unit.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It shows:

1 a side view of a motor vehicle,

2 a side view of a steel roll and a cutting and thermoforming system,

3 a section through two parts of the body shell component during the curing of the adhesive to the surface

4 a view of a robot,

5 a greatly simplified representation of a welding station, a cleaning system, a coating plant, an electrocoating plant, a cathodic furnace and a paint shop and

6 a flowchart of the method steps.

An in 1 illustrated motor vehicle 1 has wheels 21 and a body 2 as body shell component 2 on. Inside one of the body 2 limited engine compartment is as a drive motor 15 an electric motor 16 and / or an internal combustion engine 17 arranged. Inside one of the body 2 limited interior are two front seats 19 as seats 18 and three rear seats 20 as seats 18 arranged. The rear seats 20 are combined to form a bench. The seats 18 serve to accommodate persons.

For the production of the body shell component 2 be a variety of parts 31 with different joining methods to the body shell component 2 connected with each other. The parts 31 are made of steel. Deviating from this, the parts 31 However, both steel and plastic and / or as sandwich panels (not shown) may be formed. In the production of the body shell component 2 becomes a steel sheet 28 from a steel roll 12 ( 2 ) unrolled, that is, it is unrolling 33 of the steel sheet 28 from the steel roll 12 , To corrosion on the steel sheet 28 to avoid is the steel sheet 28 with an anti-corrosion coating, for example an oil coating as a thin film of oil, provided on the surface. Additionally and / or alternatively, an aluminum sheet may be unrolled from an aluminum roll (not shown). After unrolling the steel sheet 28 takes place in a cutting system 13 ( 2 ) a severing 34 of the unrolled steel sheet 28 in parts 14 of the steel sheet 28 before reshaping. In 2 the promotion of the parts takes place 14 in a conveying direction 32 left to right. The not yet formed parts 14 are then reshaped, in particular, for example, in a thermoforming system 30 as a forming plant 29 ; there is a reshaping 35 Of the parts 14 to the deformed parts 31 , The oil coating supports deep drawing. In this case, other forming methods, such as bending, are used and / or also takes place a punching of the parts 14 , This allows parts 31 with different geometries ( 5 ) to provide.

In 3 is a first part 3 an unshaped part 3 . 31 represented and a second part 5 as another part 31 after forming. The first part 3 and the second part 5 have a different geometry and on the first part 3 is a flat flange 4 trained and in an analogous manner is on the second part 5 a flat or disc-shaped flange 6 educated. For the production of the body shell component 2 are the two parts 3 . 5 on the flanges 4 . 6 connect with each other by means of two joining methods. This is done first on both flanges 4 . 6 a hardenable substance 10 as a glue 11 applied and this is done with a system not shown for application 36 of the substance 10 , Subsequently, the two flanges 4 . 6 with a welded joint 27 as a spot weld joint 27 connect with each other. The welded joint 27 is from a robot 22 as a welding robot 22 ( 4 ) produced. The robot 22 has several robot arms 23 on, by means of robot joints 24 are pivotally movable relative to each other.

At the end of a robotic arm 23 is a spot welding electrode 25 as a first working organ of the robot 22 attached and a UV light source 26 as a second working organ of the robot 22 , One or more robots 22 form parts of a welding station 51 , After the production of the welded joint 27 as a spot weld joint 27 that is, a connection 37 the flanges 4 . 6 by means of the welded joint 27 , During the welding process and shortly after the completion of the welding process, the UV light source 26 of the robot 22 switched on. During welding, the two flanges also become 4 . 6 moved slightly towards each other so that glue 11 in a gap 9 between the two flanges 4 . 6 which completely with the adhesive 11 is filled, from the gap 9 pushed outward as a squeezing out 38 of the adhesive 11 before and during joining 37 the flanges 4 . 6 with the welded joint 27 , Due to the switched on UV light source 26 becomes the glue 11 , as far as this outside optically for the UV light source 26 accessible, hardened on the surface. This process takes a few seconds, so that in the workflow of the welding process no time delay occurs, that is an irradiation 39 of the adhesive 11 with the UV light source 26 and the substantially simultaneous curing 40 of the adhesive 11 on the surface thus takes only a few seconds. On the body shell 2 are due to the application of glue 11 on a variety of faces a variety of adhesive joints between the parts 31 manufactured (not shown).

For the production of the body shell component 2 be a variety of parts 31 with a variety of joining methods, in particular by means of welding and gluing, to each other to the body shell component 2 connected ( 5 ). After complete connection of all parts 31 of the body shell component 2 to the then completed body shell component 2 a cleaning takes place 41 of the body shell component 2 in a cleaning plant 7 and then a coating 42 of the body shell component 2 in a phosphate coating plant 8th with a phosphate coating, in particular an iron phosphate coating. Subsequently, on the body shell component 2 in an electrocoating plant 48 for cathodic electrocoating a cathodic electrodeposition coating 43 carried out and then takes place heating 44 of the body shell component 2 in a KTL oven 49 , In the KTL oven 49 A hardening of the electrocoating, which takes place in the Electrodeposition coating plant 48 on the body shell component 2 has been applied and on the other hand takes place in the KTL furnace 49 also the residual curing of the adhesive 11 , Only after the residual curing, which is the essential or predominant curing of the adhesive 11 is, is the adhesive connection between the two flanges 4 . 6 Of the parts 3 . 5 to disposal. Subsequently, an application is carried out 45 a primer as a primer on the body shell 2 , then the application 46 a color finish and then applied 47 the clearcoat on the body shell component 2 ,

After the manufacturing step 47 the application of the clearcoat are the other components of the motor vehicle 1 indirectly or directly to the body shell 2 fastened for the final production of the motor vehicle 1 , The remaining components are for example a drive motor 15 , the seats 18 , the wheels 21 , a transmission (not shown) and an interior trim (not shown) and an air conditioner (not shown).

Overall considered with the inventive method for producing the body shell component 2 and the method according to the invention for the production of the motor vehicle 1 significant benefits. In the production of the body shell component 2 become hardenable substances 10 , in particular adhesives 11 used. To a disadvantageous washing out of the adhesives 11 in a cleaning plant 7 for the body shell component 2 To avoid, takes place before the introduction of the body shell component 2 with the applied hardenable and not yet hardened fabric 11 a partial pre-curing on the surface of the substance 11 by means of irradiation with UV light. Irradiation with UV light can be easily integrated into existing manufacturing facilities. For example, this only needs a robot arm 23 an additional UV light source 26 attached and activated accordingly or in a welding station 51 for the body shell component 2 become additional UV light radiation sources 26 arranged. As a result, it is advantageously no longer necessary, with high costs, the hardenable substances 10 from the cleaning fluid of the cleaning system 7 to separate and unintentional washing out of the hardenable substances 10 can be avoided in an advantageous manner.

At least one exemplary embodiment has been described, it being noted that a large number of variants exist for this purpose. It should also be appreciated that the embodiment or the embodiments are only examples and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or construction in any way. The description above provides the person skilled in the art with suitable guidance for carrying out at least one embodiment. It is to be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of the described components in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope of the following claims and from the equivalents of the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

motor vehicle

2

Body shell part

3

First part of the bodyshell

4

Flange of the first part

5

Second part of the bodyshell

6

Flange of the second part

7

purifier

8th

coating plant

9

gap

10

Hardenable material

11

Adhesive, hardenable

12

steel roller

13

cutting machine

14

Parts before forming

15

drive motor

16

electric motor

17

internal combustion engine

18

Seat

19

front seat

20

back seat

21

wheel

22

robot

23

robot arm

24

The robotic articulation

25

Spot welding electrode as working organ of the robot

26

UV light radiation source as a working organ of the robot

27

welded joint

28

sheet steel

29

forming plant

30

Thermoforming machine

31

Parts after forming

32

conveying direction

33

Unrolling steel from a steel roll

34

Cutting the unrolled steel

35

Forming the separated parts

36

Applying hardenable adhesive to the oil coated parts

37

Connecting the parts to a welded joint, in particular spot welded joint

38

Pressing out of adhesive before and during connection to the welded joint

39

Irradiation of the hardenable adhesive with UV light

40

Hardening of the adhesive on the surface due to the irradiation with UV light

41

Cleaning the body shell in a cleaning plant

42

Coating of the bodyshell with a phosphate coating, in particular iron phosphate coating

43

Performing a cathodic electrocoating on the body shell

44

Heating of the carcass shell in the cathodic dip-tile furnace and hardening of the applied in electrocoating dip coating and curing of the adhesive

45

Applying a primer as a primer to the body shell

46

Applying a color finish to the body shell

47

Applying a clearcoat to the body shell

48

Electrodeposition coating plant

49

CDP oven

50

paint shop

51

welding station

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19618225 A1 [0005]
• DE 102012012638 A1 [0006]

Claims (15)

Method for producing a body shell ( 2 ) with the steps: - to provide parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) with an anti-corrosion coating on the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ), - connecting the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) with at least one joining method to the body shell ( 2 ), - application of at least one hardenable substance ( 10 ) on the anticorrosive coated parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) and / or on the anticorrosion-coated body shell ( 2 ), - cleaning the body shell ( 2 ) in a cleaning plant ( 7 ), - heating the body shell ( 2 ) in a KTL furnace ( 49 ), before cleaning the body shell ( 2 ) in the cleaning system ( 7 ) the applied at least one substance ( 10 ) is at least partially cured with electromagnetic radiation. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one substance ( 10 ) is cured with UV light. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one substance ( 10 ) is cured with the electromagnetic radiation only at the surface in order to wash out the at least one substance in the cleaning system ( 7 ) to avoid substantially. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that as at least one hardenable substance ( 10 ) an adhesive ( 11 ) and / or a sealant and / or an insulating material is applied. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hardenable substance ( 10 ) between two parts ( 3 . 5 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) is applied so that after hardening of the substance ( 10 ) as an adhesive ( 11 ) the two parts ( 3 . 5 ) are connected to each other with an adhesive bond. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the hardenable adhesive ( 10 ) into a space ( 9 ) between the two parts ( 3 . 5 ) is introduced. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the two parts ( 3 . 5 ) in the region of the intermediate space ( 9 ) before and / or during and / or after the introduction of the adhesive ( 11 ) with at least one welded connection ( 27 ), in particular spot welding connection ( 27 ). Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the complete curing of the at least one substance ( 10 ) in the KTL furnace ( 49 ) is performed. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least partial curing of the applied at least one substance ( 10 ) with electromagnetic radiation during the production of welded joints ( 27 ) between the parts ( 3 . 5 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) is performed. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the irradiation with electromagnetic radiation at a welding station ( 51 ) for the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) is performed. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the irradiation with electromagnetic radiation is carried out by attaching to a robot arm ( 23 ) of a welding robot ( 22 ) a radiation source ( 26 ) is attached to electromagnetic radiation and the radiation source ( 26 ) electromagnetic radiation on the at least one hardenable substance ( 10 ) emitted. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that after cleaning the body shell ( 2 ) in the cleaning system ( 7 ) and before heating the body shell ( 2 ) in the KTL furnace ( 49 ) the bodyshell ( 2 ) an electrochemical dip coating, in particular cathodic electrodeposition coating, and / or phosphating is supplied. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body shell ( 2 ) after the KTL furnace ( 49 ) is painted and / or the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) made of metal and / or plastic and / or a sandwich sheet are provided. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application of the at least one hardenable substance ( 10 ) on the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) and / or on the body shell ( 2 ) before and / or during and / or after joining the parts ( 3 . 5 . 31 ) of the body shell ( 2 ) with the at least one Joining method to the body shell ( 2 ) is performed. Method for producing a motor vehicle ( 1 ) comprising the steps: - producing a body shell ( 2 ), - providing a drive motor ( 15 ), in particular an electric motor ( 16 ) and / or internal combustion engine ( 17 ), - providing wheels ( 21 ) and seats ( 18 ), - connecting the body shell ( 2 ), the drive motor ( 3 ), the wheels ( 32 ) and the seats ( 18 ) to the motor vehicle ( 1 ), wherein the body shell ( 2 ) is produced by a method according to one or more of the preceding claims.

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