DE102014218709A1 - Speed and torque detection with shielding encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor (57) for detecting a rotational speed (55) of a shaft (16) installed in particular in a bicycle (2), comprising: a detector (62) which is set up in response to receiving a predetermined detection signal ( 61) output a sensor signal (63), and - a rotatably connected to the shaft (16) connectable donor element (68) which is adapted to shade the detection signal (63) in response to a rotational position of the shaft (16) relative to the detector (62) to change the encoder signal (63) in dependence on the speed (55) to be detected.

Description

The invention relates to a device for detecting a torque acting on a bottom bracket of a bicycle torque, a bottom bracket with the device and a bicycle with the bottom bracket.

From the DE 10 2007 062 156 A1 For example, a sensor for detecting a physical quantity in a bicycle is known. The physical variable is a torque that is introduced via cranks in a designed as a hollow shaft bottom bracket shaft. The torque is detected based on an inverse magnetostrictive measuring principle.

It is an object of the invention to improve the detection of the torque on the bottom bracket in a bicycle.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to one aspect of the invention, a sensor for detecting a rotational speed of a shaft, in particular installed in a bicycle, comprises a detector which is adapted to output a sensor signal in response to a reception of a predetermined detection signal and a donor element which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft and which is set up. Shield the detection signal in response to a rotational position of the shaft relative to the detector to change the encoder signal in response to the speed to be detected.

Based on the sensor mentioned above, the specified sensor is based on the consideration that only the torque acting on the bottom bracket of a bicycle can be detected with the aforementioned sensor. However, other physical variables could be relevant to the bicycle, for example, would allow a stability control of the bicycle while driving.

Here, the specified sensor intervenes with the consideration of fixed to the bottom bracket a to be fixed to the bottom bracket rotating donor element. During the rotation of the bottom bracket shaft, the transmitter element shadows the transmission path of a detectable detection signal that can be detected by a detector arranged stationary relative to the bottom bracket shaft. The detector then outputs a donor signal which changes as a function of the shading.

This encoder signal is then directly dependent on the speed to be detected.

The detection signal can be carried out arbitrarily, for example optically or electromagnetically.

In a further development, the specified sensor comprises a further detector which is set up to output a further encoder signal as a function of receiving a predetermined further detection signal and a further transmitter element which can be connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner and which is set up, the further detection signal as a function of the rotational position of the shaft shade against the other detector to change the other encoder signal in response to the speed to be detected, wherein the transmitter element and the further encoder element are mutually twistable in the direction of rotation of the speed connected to each other.

Because the two transmitter elements are arranged to be twistable relative to one another, they can be rotated relative to one another based on a pedal torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft and treading the bottom bracket shaft. In this way, the time course of the shading of the two encoder signals is delayed to each other. If this time delay of the shading of the two encoder signals is monitored, it is possible to conclude the torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft.

For this purpose, the encoder signal and the further encoder signal should be emitted from a common signal source. In this way, a uniform reference for the determination of the time delay is present in order to be able to precisely determine the time delay and to be able to work with uniformly dimensioned elements in the downstream signal processing.

In an additional development, the donor elements and the further donor element are axially similar to the shaft geometrically similar, in particular geometrically uniform. In geometry, similarity is an extension of congruence and thus of uniformity. Geometrically similar elements have the same shape as geometrically uniform elements, but can still be stretched or distorted against each other according to a comprehensible mapping rule.

If the two transmitter elements are constructed similar to one another, then the two transmitter signals also depend on one another according to predetermined mathematical relationships, which simplifies the signal-processing-related determination of the treading torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method of detecting a rotational speed using one of the specified sensors comprises the step of determining the rotational speed based on a differentiation of the received encoder signal.

In a development, the specified method comprises the step of shaping pulses from the encoder signal, which are set up to display the shading of the detection signal and counting the pulses for differentiating the received encoder signal.

In an additional development, the specified method comprises the step of determining a torque acting on the shaft based on a comparison of the encoder signal and the further encoder signal.

In a particular embodiment, the specified method comprises the step of sampling the encoder signal and the further encoder signal based on a synchronization signal and subtracting the sampled encoder signal and the sampled further encoder signal for facing the encoder signal and the further encoder signal.

In a preferred embodiment, the specified method comprises the step of determining a sign of the torque based on a phase shift between the encoder signal and the further encoder signal.

According to a further aspect of the invention, an apparatus is arranged to carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims.

In a development of the specified device, the specified device has a memory and a processor. The specified method is stored in the form of a computer program in the memory and the processor is provided for carrying out the method when the computer program is loaded from the memory into the processor.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a computer program comprises program code means for performing all the steps of one of the specified methods when the computer program is executed on a computer or one of the specified devices.

According to another aspect of the invention, a computer program product includes program code stored on a computer readable medium and when executed on a data processing device.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a bicycle comprises a frame, which is held movable on at least one wheel on a base, one of the indicated bottom bracket, which is held to drive the wheel in the frame, one of the specified sensors and one of the specified devices for Detecting a speed of the bottom bracket and / or acting on the bottom bracket of the bicycle torque.

The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the embodiments, which will be described in connection with the drawings, wherein:

1 a schematic representation of a bicycle with a supporting auxiliary drive,

2 a schematic representation of a bottom bracket for the bike 1 .

3a a schematic representation of a sensor for detecting a speed of a bottom bracket in the bottom bracket of the 2 and a torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft in a first state,

3b a schematic representation of a sensor for detecting a speed of a bottom bracket in the bottom bracket of the 2 and a torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft in a second state,

4 a structural representation of the sensor of 3a and 3b .

5 a structural representation of a device for evaluation of encoder signals from the sensor of 4 .

6a temporal courses of signals in the device of 5 for a first torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft,

6b temporal courses of signals in the device of 5 for a second torque applied to the bottom bracket shaft,

7a a transmission path for the sensor of 3a . 3b and 4 .

7b an alternative transmission path for the sensor of 3a . 3b and 4 , and

7c an alternative transmission link for the sensor 3a . 3b and 4 demonstrate.

In the figures, the same technical elements are provided with the same reference numerals and described only once.

It will open 1 Reference is made to a schematic representation of a bicycle 2 with a supporting auxiliary drive 4 shows.

The bike 2 owns a frame 6 that has a front wheel 8th and a rear wheel 10 mobile on a surface 11 such as worn on a street. The rear wheel 10 is about a bottom bracket 12 drivable, which will be described below.

The bottom bracket 12 has an in 2 shown chainring 14 on that in a manner to be described rotatably with a bottom bracket 16 , also called crankshaft, is connected. From the bottom bracket shaft 16 protrude in a conventional manner radially two crank arms 18 . 20 from where the bottom bracket 16 opposite ends each a pedals 22 . 24 is held rotatably. A driver of the bicycle 2 can then by pedaling on one of the pedals 22 . 24 the bottom bracket shaft 16 and thus the chainring 14 rotate. The rotating chainring 14 moves a chain 26 , in turn, the rotation of the chainring 14 on a rotatably on the rear wheel 10 attached gear 28 transfers. That way, the rear wheel becomes 10 driven, causing the bike 2 by the pedaling of the driver on the ground 11 can be moved.

The driver himself can ride on a saddle while pedaling 30 sit and join a handlebar 32 to control the bike 2 hold tight.

To the driver when driving the bike 2 To support is in the context of the present embodiment, the auxiliary drive 4 intended. This becomes from an electrical energy source 34 supplied with the necessary auxiliary power and should be switched on depending on the driver's request of the driver. Such an auxiliary drive 4 is for example from the DE 10 2011 087 544 A1 bicycles with such auxiliary drives are also called pedelecs or e-bikes. Further information on pedelecs can be found in the aforementioned document.

The auxiliary drive 4 is in the context of the present design as support for the driver of the bicycle 2 intended. He should be the bike 2 in addition to driving the driver in addition, if the pedaling force of the driver, for example, on an incline alone is insufficient, the bike 2 to move according to his driver's request. To determine the driver's request, for example, on the bottom bracket 16 acting torque 36 be determined with which the driver the bottom bracket 16 about the pedals 22 . 24 rotates.

The detection of this torque 36 will be described below.

It will open 2 Reference is made, which is a schematic representation of the bottom bracket 12 for the bike 2 of the 1 shows.

In the present embodiment, the bottom bracket shaft 16 in two parts from an inner shaft element 38 and a twistable hollow shaft element 40 constructed, wherein the inner shaft element 38 concentric in the hollow shaft member 40 is held. Here are the inner shaft element 38 and the hollow shaft member 40 on a first shaft section 42 rotatably connected.

The bottom bracket shaft 16 is on the hollow shaft element 40 via rolling elements 44 in a first bearing shell 46 and in a second bearing circuit 48 around a rotation axis 50 rotatably held. It is radial on the bearing shells 46 . 48 a bottom bracket shell 51 to protect the bottom bracket shaft 16 placed. Here are the two crank arms 18 . 20 each axially spaced from the bearings 46 . 48 arranged, by the crank arms 18 . 20 mounting holes 50 are led to the pedals 22 . 24 to fix.

The chainring 14 is on a second shaft section 52 held.

If the driver steps on the pedals 22 . 24 then the hollow shaft element 40 due to the applied torque 36 and the inertia of the bike 2 between the first shaft section 42 and the second shaft portion 52 twisted. The larger the applied torque 36 is, the more power the driver brings 2 of the bicycle 2 on to the speed of the bike 2 to increase without, however, sets the desired success - such as on a very steep mountain, where the necessary effort by the driver is very high even at low slopes.

Here is the auxiliary drive 4 intervene and the bike 2 with auxiliary power to drive until that to the bottom bracket 16 applied torque 36 and thus the torsion of the hollow shaft member 40 fell below a certain threshold. However, this must be done to the bottom bracket 16 applied torque 36 be included in the framework of the 3 based on a in 3 indicated difference angle 54 between the first wave gating 42 and the second shaft portion 52 is measured. Is this difference angle 54 known, is the applied torque 36 about the material characteristics of the hollow shaft element 40 derivable.

The difference angle 54 is in the context of the present embodiment together with a speed 55 and one direction of rotation 56 the bottom bracket shaft 16 with a sensor 57 which will be discussed in more detail below. The direction of rotation corresponds to this 56 the bottom bracket shaft 16 the sign of the on the bottom bracket 16 acting torque 36 ,

The sensor 57 includes a first transformer 58 and a second transformer 59 axially spaced from each other radially fixed to the bottom bracket 16 for example, on the bottom bracket shell 51 can be arranged. The first transformer 58 includes a first transmitter 60 which is set up, a first detection signal to be described later 61 to a first detector 62 based on the receipt of the first detection signal 61 a first encoder signal 63 outputs. Accordingly, the second transformer comprises 59 a second transmitter 64 which is set up, a second detection signal 65 to a second detector 66 based on the receipt of the second detection signal 65 a second encoder signal 67 outputs.

In the first transformer 58 engages axially between the first transmitter 60 and the first detector 62 a rotationally fixed to the carrier shaft 16 connected first donor element 68 set up, the transmission of the first detection signal 61 depending on the rotational position of the bottom bracket 16 shade off. In the same way accesses the second transformer 59 axially between the second transmitter 64 and the second detector 66 a rotationally fixed to the carrier shaft 16 connected second encoder element 69 set up, the transmission of the second detection signal 65 depending on the rotational position of the bottom bracket 16 shade off.

As a result, so are the two detection signals 61 . 65 depending on the rotation of the carrier shaft 16 from the broadcasters 60 . 64 to the detectors 62 . 66 transmitted, whereby the encoder signals 63 . 67 depending on the rotation of the carrier shaft 16 to be generated. In an evaluation device 70 can then from the two encoder signals 63 . 67 the above difference angle 54 as well as the speed 55 and the direction of rotation 56 the bottom bracket shaft 16 be derived.

Before on the evaluation device 70 will be discussed earlier, based on the 3a . 3b and 4 the generation of the encoder signals 63 . 67 with the sensor 57 be explained in more detail.

As in 3a and 3b shown, include the two donor elements 68 . 69 each a plurality of circumferentially around the bottom bracket 16 arranged shading elements 71 , From these shading elements 71 are in 3a and 3b not all provided with a reference numeral for clarity.

Task of the shading elements 71 at the donor elements 68 . 69 is it the transmission paths in the transformers 58 . 59 depending on the angular position of the bottom bracket 16 to design, so that the transmission of the detection signals 61 . 65 to the detectors 62 . 66 the transformer 58 . 59 depending on the angular position of the bottom bracket 16 he follows. For this purpose, the shading elements 71 with the rotation of the carrier shaft 16 and thus with the rotation of the stationary attached to their donor elements 68 . 69 in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket 16 in the transmission paths of the transformer 58 . 59 screwed in so that the the shading elements 71 the detection signals 61 . 65 for the detectors 62 . 66 hide.

In principle, the shading elements 71 doing in any way in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket 16 be arranged as long as they are radially at a height with the transformers 58 . 59 to be ordered. The pattern of the arrangement of shading elements 71 However, it should be known, so that the shading of at least one of the detection signals 61 . 65 on the change of the angular position of the bottom bracket 16 and therefore their speed 55 can be closed. In the context of the present embodiment, the shading elements 71 around the bottom bracket shaft 16 in equidistant angular intervals 72 arranged as a pattern, wherein in the 3a and 3b for clarity, only some of the angular distances 72 between the shading elements 71 are indicated and provided with a reference numeral.

With the shading of the detection signals 61 . 65 through the shading elements 71 become the ones from the detectors 62 . 66 output encoder signals 63 . 67 weakened. This shows the encoder signals 63 . 65 the shading on and on the basis of the aforementioned pattern of the arrangement of the shading elements 71 can change the angular position of the bottom bracket 16 and therefore their speed 55 getting closed. Because the shading elements 71 around the bottom bracket shaft 16 in equidistant angular intervals 72 are arranged in the present embodiment, pulses in the transmitter signals 63 . 67 generated, the frequency in a manner to be described directly dependent on the speed to be detected 55 is.

As already explained, should with the sensor 57 next to the speed 55 the bottom bracket shaft 16 also on the bottom bracket shaft 16 applied torque 36 be measured. These are the two donor elements 68 . 69 , as in 2 indicated, axially spaced on the twistable Hollow shaft element 40 arranged. However, the arrangement can be arbitrary, as long as the two donor elements 68 . 69 spaced from each other between force on the crank arms 18 . 20 on the pedals 22 . 24 and the power output on the chainring 14 are arranged and secondly, the area between the two donor elements 68 . 69 elastically twistable designed. For example, both donor elements 68 . 69 also radially spaced on the chainring 14 are arranged, in which case the radial area between the two donor elements 68 . 69 on the chainring 14 should be made twistable. In 3a is the elastic Tordierbarkeit with spring elements between the individual shading elements 71 the donor elements 68 . 69 indicated, some of these spring elements for clarity with the reference numeral 40 for the elastically twistable hollow shaft element 40 of the 2 are provided.

Because the two donor elements 68 . 69 twisted together, twisting the torque 36 the two donor elements 68 . 69 in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket 16 to each other and thus brings the above-mentioned difference angle 54 on. Therefore, this difference angle needs 54 as already mentioned, only to be detected to the torque 36 to be able to determine. This can generally the phase of the shading by the shading elements 71 of a donor element 68 opposite the shading of the phase position of the shading elements 71 of the other donor element 69 be recorded. For simplicity, the phase angle of the two encoder signals 63 . 67 evaluated to each other, which can be particularly easily detected when the two encoder elements 68 . 69 at least in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket shaft geometrically similar, preferably uniformly formed. In this way, the two encoder signals are generated linearly dependent on each other, so that the phase angle and thus the difference angle 54 based on a technically comparatively easy to implement subtraction of the two encoder signals 63 . 67 can be determined from each other, which will be discussed in more detail later.

This should be the transformer 58 . 59 at a common angular position 73 in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket 16 be arranged because otherwise a phase angle between the two transformers 58 . 59 in the determination of the difference angle 54 should be taken into account.

Based on 4 intended to generate the encoder signals 63 . 67 be explained in more detail.

In the present embodiment, the two transformers 58 . 59 be designed as an inductive transformer example. The transmitters 60 . 64 would be in such an inductive transformer, the primary windings and the detectors 62 . 66 the secondary windings, the transmitters 60 . 64 as detection signals 61 . 65 a magnetic encoder field, for example in the form of an alternating magnetic field, to the detectors 62 . 66 send. The shading elements 71 the donor elements 68 . 69 may then be formed, for example, from a ferromagnetic material which interrupts the transmission of the magnetic field between the primary windings and the secondary windings.

To the stations 60 . 64 in the form of the primary windings can be a common source of signal 74 be created. This common signal source 74 For example, it may be embodied in the form of a carrier generator known per se which is connected to the transmitters 60 . 64 in the form of the primary windings, a uniform transmission signal 75 invests. This uniform transmission signal 75 will be in the first and second stations 60 . 64 corresponding to the first and second detection signals 61 . 65 converted and corresponding to the first and second detector 62 . 66 transfer.

At the detectors 62 . 66 in the form of the secondary coils, a first and a second intermediate signal accordingly become 76 . 77 receive. These can then be correspondingly via a first and second demodulator 78 . 79 be freed from the carrier frequency of the signal source, wherein the demodulators 78 . 79 may preferably be constructed as Amplitudendemodulatoren. The thus demodulated intermediate signals 78 . 79 can then, optionally via low-pass filter 80 filtered, as the encoder signals 63 . 67 be issued. The demodulators can do this 78 . 79 as well as the low-pass filter 80 both part of the detectors 62 . 66 as well as part of the evaluation device 70 be.

Below is the evaluation of the encoder signals 63 . 67 in the evaluation device 70 based on 5 be described in more detail.

In the evaluation device 70 can be the first encoder signal 63 to a first pulse generating device 81 be created. This outputs a first fixed signal value when the encoder signal 63 exceeds a predetermined first threshold. If the transmitter signal falls below a second fixed threshold value, the first pulse generator outputs 81 a second fixed signal value. In this way, the above-mentioned (not further defined) pulses in the first encoder signal 63 converted into rectangular pulses and as the first rectangular pulse signal 82 output. Although the hysteresis in the generation of the rectangular pulses is not absolutely necessary, but avoid ambiguities that could arise if the first fixed Signal value and the second fixed signal value would coincide.

The rectangular pulses in the rectangular pulse signal 82 can then be in a counter 83 counting, whereby from the number of square pulses over a certain period of time the speed 55 the bottom bracket shaft 16 can be determined. By counting the square pulses over time, the first encoder signal is differentiated.

However, it should be noted that during one revolution of the bottom bracket 16 as many pulses are generated as the first donor element 68 shading elements 71 has. Will therefore the speed 55 from a comparison of a number of square pulses in a reference period and the reference period, for example, by dividing determined, the result of this comparison must still by the number of shading elements 71 divided at the encoder element to the speed 55 the bottom bracket shaft 16 get.

Because the first encoder signal 63 itself is already periodic, can with the first pulse generating device 81 also a scan control signal 84 for sampling the two encoder signals 63 . 67 are generated, which will be discussed later.

For determining the direction of rotation 56 can first from the second encoder signal 67 in a second pulse generating device 85 in the same way as from the first encoder signal 63 in the first pulse generating device 81 a second square pulse signal 86 be generated with square pulses. In a direction of rotation detection device 87 Then, the edges of the rectangular pulses of the two rectangular pulse signals 82 . 86 to be analyzed. If, for example, the rising edges of the rectangular pulses of the second rectangular pulse signal 86 in time after the rising edges of the rectangular pulses of the first rectangular pulse signal 82 detected can be decided on a particular direction of rotation (for example, positive), and vice versa.

To determine the difference angle 54 and thus the torque 36 become the two encoder signals 63 . 67 based on the scan control signal 84 with scanning and holding links 88 sampled and so according to a first and second sampled encoder signal 89 . 90 , The background of why scanning is necessary will be discussed later 6a and 6b received. The sampled encoder signals 89 . 90 are then in a subtraction member 91 subtracted from each other, what the sought differential angle 54 and thus to the torque 36 leads.

The following is based on the 6a and 6b on the determination of the differential angle and thus the torque 36 be discussed in more detail. In 6a individual signals in the evaluation device 70 without one to the bottom bracket shaft 16 applied torque over time 92 applied while in 6b individual signals in the evaluation device 70 with one to the bottom bracket shaft 16 applied torque over time 92 are applied.

How out 6a . 6b can be seen, the encoder signals 63 . 67 have a triangular course. For the following explanation, it should initially be assumed that the condition is completely shadowed, in the transmissions 58 . 59 the transmission of the detection signals implemented as magnetic fields 61 . 65 is completely shadowed.

Becomes a shading element 71 from the corresponding transformer 58 . 59 turned off, the transmission of the detection signals executed as magnetic fields 61 . 65 Approved. This leads to the fact that in the detectors designed as secondary windings 62 . 66 Induction voltages as encoder signals 63 . 67 be built up, which increase linearly in the ideal case. Therefore increase the encoder signals 63 . 67 on, so in these periods a shading element 71 from the transformers 58 . 59 moved out and the transmission of the corresponding detection signals 61 . 65 Approved.

Accordingly, the encoder signals fall 63 . 67 if a shading element 71 in the transformer 58 . 59 moved in and the transmission of the corresponding detection signals 61 . 65 is interrupted.

The individual triangular periods in the encoder signals 63 . 67 are all uniformly formed, but this is only possible if the shading elements 71 as already mentioned above, all in the circumferential direction around the bottom bracket 16 are made uniform.

If the two donor elements 68 . 69 with the shading elements 71 in a resting state of the bottom bracket shaft 16 in which no torque 36 attached to this, and the transformer 58 . 59 , as in 3a shown at a common angular position 73 are arranged, then run the two encoder signals 63 . 67 as in 6a shown in phase, when the torque 36 and thus the difference angle 54 are equal to zero. Here is the zero position of the differential angle 54 with the reference number 93 Mistake.

However, there is a torque 36 at the bottom bracket shaft 16 on, as fast as in 6b shown encoder signal 67 the other encoder signal 63 in front. Due to the periodic course of the two encoder signals 63 . 67 However, this does not lead to a difference angle contrary to the actual conditions 54 with a constant reading. This is because the two encoder signals 63 . 67 in certain areas have opposite slopes, in which inevitably a false differential angle is generated. Both have encoder signals 63 . 67 a positive slope can be based on the difference angle 54 the torque 36 be determined immediately with the correct sign. Both have encoder signals 63 . 67 a negative slope becomes the torque 36 based on the output difference angle 54 True to the point, but with the wrong sign.

Therefore, the encoder signals should 63 . 67 only be considered at a time when both have a positive slope.

There in the bike 2 It can be assumed that the drive to the bottom bracket 16 only one torque is applied with a given sign because the bike 2 usually not driven backwards, in the simplest case, starting from the maximum of one of the two encoder signals 63 . 67 , which under the aforementioned condition must always be trailing, the difference to the other encoder signal 63 . 67 to be viewed as. Accordingly, the sampling control signal should 84 be placed so that always at the time of the maximum of the corresponding always trailing encoder signal 63 . 67 , in the present case the first encoder signal 63 is sampled, as in 6a and 6b shown. This results from the difference angle 54 directly the torque.

At this point, the meaning of the rotation direction detection device is also 87 apparent, because if in the determination of torque 36 It is assumed that the bottom bracket shaft 16 is always kicked in one direction, here can be the sign of torque 36 do not determine.

In the 7a . 7b and 7c are different execution options for the transformer 58 . 59 shown.

Instead of the detection signals 61 . 65 with the in 4 shown primary winding as a transmitter 60 . 64 To excite can also be fixed to the bottom bracket 16 attached magnets are used as in 7a and 7b shown. Alternatively or additionally, the detection signals 61 . 65 passively with the in 4 shown secondary winding as a detector 62 . 66 active with a magnetoresistive transducer, as in 7a shown, or a Hall element, as in 7b be detected.

As a transformer 58 . 59 but also, as in 7c shown to be used optical transmitters in which the transmitters 60 . 64 for example, as a light emitting diode and the detectors 62 . 66 can be designed as phototransistors.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102007062156 A1 [0002]
• DE 102011087544 A1 [0042]

Claims (10)

Sensor ( 57 ) for detecting a rotational speed ( 55 ) one in particular in a bicycle ( 2 ) built-in shaft ( 16 ), comprising: - a detector ( 62 ), which is set up in response to receipt of a predetermined detection signal ( 61 ) a transmitter signal ( 63 ), and - a rotation with the shaft ( 16 ) connectable donor element ( 68 ), which is set up, the detection signal ( 63 ) in dependence of a rotational position of the shaft ( 16 ) opposite the detector ( 62 ) to encode the encoder signal ( 63 ) depending on the speed to be detected ( 55 ) to change. Sensor ( 57 ) according to claim 1, comprising: - a further detector ( 66 ), which is set up in response to receiving a predetermined further detection signal ( 65 ) another encoder signal ( 67 ), and - a rotation with the shaft ( 16 ) connectable further donor element ( 69 ), which is set up, the further detection signal ( 65 ) depending on the rotational position of the shaft ( 16 ) with respect to the further detector ( 66 ) to obtain the further encoder signal ( 67 ) depending on the speed to be detected ( 55 ), - whereby the encoder element ( 68 ) and the further encoder element ( 69 ) can be twisted against each other ( 40 ) at least in the direction of rotation of the rotational speed ( 55 ) are interconnected. Sensor ( 57 ) according to claim 2, comprising a common signal source ( 74 ) for the detection signal ( 61 ) and the further detection signal ( 65 ). Sensor ( 57 ) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the donor element ( 68 ) and the further encoder element ( 69 ) axially to the shaft ( 16 ) seen at least in the circumferential direction around the shaft ( 16 ) are geometrically similar, in particular geometrically uniform. Method for detecting a speed ( 55 ) using a sensor ( 57 ) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: - determining the rotational speed ( 55 ) based on a differentiation ( 83 ) of the received encoder signal. Method according to claim 5, comprising: - molding ( 81 ) of pulses from the encoder signal ( 63 ), which are set up, the shading of the detection signal ( 61 ), and - counting the differentiation pulses ( 83 ) of the received encoder signal ( 63 ). Method according to claim 5 or 6, comprising: determining one on the shaft ( 16 ) acting torque ( 36 ) based on a comparison ( 89 ) of the encoder signal ( 63 ) and the further encoder signal ( 67 ). Method according to claim 7, comprising: - scanning ( 88 ) of the encoder signal ( 63 ) and the further encoder signal ( 67 ) based on a synchronization signal ( 89 ), and - subtracting the sampled encoder signal ( 89 ) and the sampled further encoder signal ( 90 ) to confront ( 89 ) of the encoder signal ( 63 ) and the further encoder signal ( 67 ). Method according to claim 7 or 8, comprising: - determining ( 87 ) of a sign of the torque ( 36 ) based on a phase shift between the encoder signal ( 63 ) and the further encoder signal ( 67 ). Contraption ( 70 ) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 9.

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