DE102014204497A1 - Battery cell with an electrode arrangement - Google Patents
Battery cell with an electrode arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014204497A1 DE102014204497A1 DE102014204497.9A DE102014204497A DE102014204497A1 DE 102014204497 A1 DE102014204497 A1 DE 102014204497A1 DE 102014204497 A DE102014204497 A DE 102014204497A DE 102014204497 A1 DE102014204497 A1 DE 102014204497A1
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- electrically conductive
- battery cell
- conductive material
- electrode
- selectively electrically
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- JAYBIBLZTQMCAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-decylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 JAYBIBLZTQMCAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJYZTOPVWURGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;manganese(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mn].[Mn+3] CJYZTOPVWURGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 olivines Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/121—Organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/1006—Thick film varistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/105—Varistor cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
- H01G11/16—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against electric overloads, e.g. including fuses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/561—Hollow metallic terminals, e.g. terminal bushings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batteriezelle (10) mit einer Elektrodenanordnung (12), die in einem Gehäuse (14) angeordnet ist, wobei die Batteriezelle (10) ein selektiv elektrisch leitendes Material (22) umfasst, das bei Überschreiten einer kritischen Grenzspannung in einen elektrisch leitenden Zustand übergeht und das derart angeordnet ist, dass in dem elektrisch leitenden Zustand eine positive Elektrode (17) und eine negative Elektrode (18) der Elektrodenanordnung (12) kurzgeschlossen sind. Die Erfindung betrifft zudem ein Batteriemodul sowie ein Fahrzeug mit einer derartigen Batteriezelle (10).The invention relates to a battery cell (10) having an electrode arrangement (12) which is arranged in a housing (14), wherein the battery cell (10) comprises a selectively electrically conductive material (22) which, when a critical limiting voltage is exceeded, is electrically connected conductive state and which is arranged such that in the electrically conductive state, a positive electrode (17) and a negative electrode (18) of the electrode assembly (12) are short-circuited. The invention also relates to a battery module and a vehicle having such a battery cell (10).
Description
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batteriezelle mit einer Elektrodenanordnung, die in einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, sowie ein Batteriemodul und ein Fahrzeug mit einer derartigen Batteriezelle.The invention relates to a battery cell with an electrode arrangement, which is arranged in a housing, and a battery module and a vehicle with such a battery cell.
Lithium-Ionen-Batterie-Packs für automobile Anwendungen bestehen aus einer Vielzahl von Batteriezellen, welche entsprechend miteinander verbunden sind, um die gewünschte Leistung bereitzustellen. Während der Ladezyklen werden diese bis zum Erreichen der Ladeschlussspannung geladen. Automotive lithium ion battery packs consist of a plurality of battery cells connected together to provide the desired performance. During charging cycles, these are charged until the end of charging voltage is reached.
Wird diese Spannungsgrenze, zum Beispiel durch Überladung oder einen Defekt in einer Batteriezelle überschritten, beginnen Zersetzungsprozesse und eine Gasbildung in der Zelle und es besteht die Gefahr des thermischen Durchgehens der Batteriezelle. Zusätzlich kann ein solches Ereignis auch auf benachbarte Batteriezellen übergreifen. Dadurch werden Mensch und Umwelt gefährdet.If this voltage limit is exceeded, for example due to overcharging or a defect in a battery cell, decomposition processes and gas formation in the cell begin and there is the danger of thermal runaway of the battery cell. In addition, such an event can also spread to neighboring battery cells. This endangers humans and the environment.
Daher besteht ein anhaltendes Interesse daran, einen effektiven Überladungsschutz für Batteriezellen bereitzustellen. Therefore, there is a continuing interest in providing effective overcharge protection for battery cells.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Batteriezelle mit einer Elektrodenanordnung vorgeschlagen, die in einem Zellgehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei die Batteriezelle ein selektiv elektrisch leitendes Material umfasst, das bei Überschreiten einer kritischen Grenzspannung in einen elektrisch leitenden Zustand übergeht und derart angeordnet ist, dass in dem elektrisch leitenden Zustand eine positive Elektrode und eine negative Elektrode der Elektrodenanordnung kurzgeschlossen sind. According to the invention, a battery cell with an electrode arrangement is proposed which is arranged in a cell housing, wherein the battery cell comprises a selectively electrically conductive material, which transitions into an electrically conductive state when a critical threshold voltage is exceeded and is arranged such that in the electrically conductive state positive electrode and a negative electrode of the electrode assembly are short-circuited.
Das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material bezeichnet hierbei ein Material, das abhängig von der angelegten Spannung sein Leitfähigkeitsverhalten verändert. Bevorzugt sind dabei solche selektiv elektrisch leitenden Materialien, die bei kritischen Grenzspannungen > 4,3 V, bevorzugt zwischen 4,3 V und 4,5 V in einen elektrisch leitenden Zustand übergehen. Die kritische Grenzspannung bezeichnet dabei die Spannung, ab der sich die Leitfähigkeit des selektiv elektrisch leitenden Materials verändert und insbesondere von einem nicht leitenden Zustand in einen leitenden Zustand übergeht.The selectively electrically conductive material refers to a material that changes its conductivity behavior depending on the applied voltage. Preference is given to those selectively electrically conductive materials, which pass at critical threshold voltages> 4.3 V, preferably between 4.3 V and 4.5 V in an electrically conductive state. The critical limit voltage refers to the voltage at which the conductivity of the selectively electrically conductive material changes and, in particular, changes from a non-conductive state to a conductive state.
Bevorzugt weist das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material unterhalb der kritischen Grenzspannung eine geringe Leitfähigkeit σ < 10–15 S/m (Siemens pro Meter), bevorzugt < 10–11 S/m und besonders bevorzugt < 10–8 S/m aufweist. Oberhalb der kritischen Grenzspannung kann das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material eine Leitfähigkeit σ > 10–8 S/m (Siemens pro Meter), bevorzugt > 10–3 S/m und besonders bevorzugt > 101 S/m aufweist.Preferably, the selectively electrically conductive material below the critical limit voltage has a low conductivity σ <10 -15 S / m (Siemens per meter), preferably <10 -11 S / m and particularly preferably <10 -8 S / m. Above the critical limit voltage, the selectively electrically conductive material may have a conductivity σ> 10 -8 S / m (Siemens per meter), preferably> 10 -3 S / m and particularly preferably> 10 1 S / m.
Die Elektrodenanordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Batteriezelle umfasst Elektrodenlagen, die innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet sind. Um eine elektrische Verbindung zu den Elektrodenlagen bereitzustellen, werden die positiven oder die negativen Elektrodenlagen über Kollektoren zu Anschlussdurchführungen geführt, die aus dem Gehäuse hinausragen. The electrode arrangement of the battery cell according to the invention comprises electrode layers, which are arranged within the housing. In order to provide an electrical connection to the electrode layers, the positive or the negative electrode layers are guided via collectors to terminal bushings, which protrude from the housing.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material unterhalb einer kritischen Grenzspannung nicht elektrisch leitend und die positive Elektrode ist von der negativen Elektrode isoliert. Damit wirkt das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material als Isolator und ein Potentialabfluss zwischen der positiven und der negativen Elektrode ist im Wesentlichen nicht möglich.In one embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material is not electrically conductive below a critical threshold voltage and the positive electrode is isolated from the negative electrode. Thus, the selectively electrically conductive material acts as an insulator and a potential drain between the positive and the negative electrode is essentially not possible.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform enthält das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material ein selektiv elektrisch leitendes Polymer. Besonders bevorzugt besteht das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material aus einem selektiv elektrisch leitenden Polymer.In a further embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material comprises a selectively electrically conductive polymer. Particularly preferably, the selectively electrically conductive material consists of a selectively electrically conductive polymer.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform enthält das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material ein Polythiophene, insbesondere Poly(3-Decyl Thiophen).In another embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material comprises a polythiophene, especially poly (3-decyl thiophene).
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst die Elektrodenanordnung einen Elektrodenwickel beziehungsweise eine gewickelten Elektrodenanordnung oder einen Elektrodenstapel beziehungsweise eine gestapelte Elektrodenanordnung mit positiven und negativen Elektrodenlagen. In Stapelkonfiguration sind die Elektrodenlagen mit dazwischen liegenden Separatorlagen gestapelt. Bei Wickelzellen, auch als Jelly-Rolls bezeichnet, sind die Elektrodenlagen mit dazwischen angeordneten Separatorlagen zu einem Wickel aufgerollt. Dabei sind die Elektrodenlagen und die Separatorlagen etwa aus einem flexiblen Material gefertigt, um den Wickel zu realisieren.In a further embodiment, the electrode arrangement comprises an electrode winding or a wound electrode arrangement or an electrode stack or a stacked electrode arrangement positive and negative electrode layers. In stack configuration, the electrode layers are stacked with separator layers in between. In wound cells, also referred to as jelly rolls, the electrode layers are rolled up with separator layers arranged therebetween to form a roll. In this case, the electrode layers and the separator layers are made of a flexible material, for example, in order to realize the winding.
Die positive Elektrodenlage und die negative Elektrodenlage können insbesondere eine leitende Folie oder eine leitende Platte umfassen, die mit einem Aktivmaterial beschichtet ist. Das Aktivmaterial, mit dem die Platten oder Folien beschichtet sind, stellt hierbei die entsprechenden Eigenschaften bereit, um die Elektrodenlagen als Akzeptor oder Donor eines bestimmten Ions auszugestalten. Folien können dabei eine Dicke von 75 µm bis 200 µm aufweisen, beispielsweise Cu-Folie (Kupfer-Folie) zwischen 7 µm und 15 µm oder Al-Folie (Aluminium-Folie) zwischen 10 µm und 20 µm. Diese eignen sich insbesondere für gewickelte Elektrodenanordnungen. Platten können eine Dicke von 75 µm bis 250 µm aufweisen und eignen sich insbesondere für gestapelte Elektrodenanordnungen. In particular, the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer may comprise a conductive foil or a conductive plate coated with an active material. The active material with which the plates or foils are coated, hereby provides the appropriate properties to design the electrode layers as an acceptor or donor of a particular ion. Films may have a thickness of 75 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, for example, Cu film (copper foil) between 7 .mu.m and 15 .mu.m or Al foil (aluminum foil) between 10 .mu.m and 20 .mu.m. These are particularly suitable for wound electrode arrangements. Plates can have a thickness of 75 μm to 250 μm and are particularly suitable for stacked electrode arrangements.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Batteriezelle als Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezelle ausgestaltet. Dabei ist das Aktivmaterial Akzeptor oder Donor für Lithium-Ionen. So stellt die beschichtete positive Elektrodenlage ein Medium bereit, in das positiv geladene Lithium-Ionen beim Entladen der Batterie eingelagert werden können. In a preferred embodiment, the battery cell is designed as a lithium-ion battery cell. The active material is acceptor or donor for lithium ions. Thus, the coated positive electrode layer provides a medium into which positively charged lithium ions can be stored when discharging the battery.
Die positive Elektrodenlage kann beispielsweise eine Aluminiumfolie umfassen, die mit einem Aktivmaterial, wie Lithium-Metall Oxiden, Vanadium Oxiden, Olivinen und wiederaufladbaren Lithium Oxiden, beschichtet ist. Derartige Beschichtungen enthalten zum Beispiel Übergangsmetalloxide (LiMO2, M=Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Al), Lithium-Kobaltoxid (LiCo2O4), Lithium-Eisenphosphat (LiFePO4) oder Lithium-Manganoxid (LiMn2O4), Lithium-Nickel-Kobalt-Aluminium-Oxid oder Lithium-Nickel-Kobalt-Mangan-Oxid.The positive electrode layer may comprise, for example, an aluminum foil coated with an active material such as lithium metal oxides, vanadium oxides, olivines, and lithium oxide rechargeable oxides. Such coatings contain, for example, transition metal oxides (LiMO 2 , M = Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Al), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCo 2 O 4 ), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) or lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ). , Lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide or lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide.
Die negative Elektrodenlage stellt dagegen die positiv geladenen Lithium-Ionen bereit und kann beispielsweise Kupferfolie umfassen, die mit einem Aktivmaterial, wie Lithium, Graphit, Softcarbon, Hardcarbon, Silizium, Zinnlegierungen, Lithium legiertem Material oder Intermetallen beschichtet ist.The negative electrode layer, on the other hand, provides the positively charged lithium ions, and may include, for example, copper foil coated with an active material such as lithium, graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon, tin alloys, lithium alloyed material or intermetallics.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umgibt das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material die Elektrodenanordnung, insbesondere einen Elektrodenwickel. Dabei kann das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material die Elektrodenanordnung derart umgeben, dass Enden des Elektrodenwickels einen Bereich bereitstellen, in dem die positiven und die negativen Elektrodenlagen jeweils durch einen Kollektor kontaktiert sind.In a further embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material surrounds the electrode arrangement, in particular an electrode winding. In this case, the selectively electrically conductive material may surround the electrode arrangement such that ends of the electrode winding provide a region in which the positive and the negative electrode layers are each contacted by a collector.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform verbindet das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material den Kollektor der negativen Elektrode mit dem Gehäuse, wobei der Kollektor der positiven Elektrode unmittelbar mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist. Damit liegt das Gehäuse auf dem Potential der positiven Elektrode und ist von der negativen Elektrode isoliert.In another embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material connects the negative electrode collector to the housing with the positive electrode collector directly connected to the housing. Thus, the housing is at the potential of the positive electrode and is isolated from the negative electrode.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist das Gehäuse einen Gehäusedeckel mit Anschlussdurchführungen der positiven Elektrode und der negativen Elektrode auf, der das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material umfasst. Bevorzugt ist der Gehäusedeckel aus dem selektiv elektrisch leitenden Material gefertigt. In dieser Ausführungsform ist es nicht notwendig weitere Durchführungsisolationen zwischen dem Gehäusedeckel und den Anschlussdurchführungen vorzusehen.In a further embodiment, the housing has a housing cover with terminal passages of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which comprises the selectively electrically conductive material. Preferably, the housing cover is made of the selectively electrically conductive material. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide further feed-through insulation between the housing cover and the connection feedthroughs.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material als Durchführungsisolation zwischen dem Gehäuse und einer Anschlussdurchführung einer positiven Elektrode und/oder einer negativen Elektrode vorgesehen.In a further embodiment, the selectively electrically conductive material is provided as feedthrough insulation between the housing and a connection feedthrough of a positive electrode and / or a negative electrode.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst ein Kern der Elektrodenanordnung das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material, wobei der Kern zumindest teilweise mit Elektrodenlagen der Elektrodenanordnung verbunden ist.In a further embodiment, a core of the electrode assembly comprises the selectively electrically conductive material, wherein the core is at least partially connected to electrode layers of the electrode assembly.
Erfindungsgemäß wird weiterhin ein Batteriemodul vorgeschlagen, das mindestens zwei der erfindungsgemäßen Batteriezellen umfasst. Die Batteriezellen können dabei in Serie oder parallel geschaltet sein. Weiterhin können mehrere Batteriezellen in einer Matrix verschaltet sein, wobei die Batteriezellen strangweise in Serie oder parallel geschaltet sind.According to the invention, a battery module is furthermore proposed which comprises at least two of the battery cells according to the invention. The battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel. Furthermore, a plurality of battery cells can be interconnected in a matrix, wherein the battery cells are connected in series in series or in parallel.
Weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung mindestens einer erfindungsgemäßen Batteriezelle in einem Fahrzeug, insbesondere als Antriebsaggregat in einem Fahrzeug, sowie ein Fahrzeug, das mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Batteriezelle insbesondere als Antriebsaggregat umfasst.Another object of the invention is the use of at least one battery cell according to the invention in a vehicle, in particular as a drive unit in a vehicle, as well as a vehicle comprising at least one battery cell according to the invention in particular as a drive unit.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Durch die Verwendung eines selektiv elektrisch leitenden Materials kann ein effektiver Überladungsschutz für Batteriezellen bereitgestellt werden. So kann das selektiv elektrisch leitende Material im leitenden Zustand eine positive Elektrode und eine negative Elektrode kurzschließen. Durch die Anordnung des selektiv elektrisch leitfähigen Materials, kann sichergestellt werden, dass bei Überschreiten der kritischen Grenzspannung überschüssiges Potential abfließen kann. Somit wird eine Überladung der Batteriezelle verhindert und daraus folgende Zersetzungsprozesse, ein Temperaturanstieg und die Gasbildung in der Batteriezelle verhindert. Dazu eignen sich insbesondere Polymere als elektrisch leitendes Material, die in Abhängigkeit von der angelegten Spannung leitfähig oder nicht leitfähig sind und damit unterhalb der kritischen Grenzspannung Isolatoren beziehungsweise oberhalb der kritischen Grenzspannung Leiter darstellen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass die Batteriezelle nicht geschädigt wird und reversibel in den Normalzustand zurückgeführt werden kann. By using a selectively electrically conductive material, effective overcharge protection for battery cells can be provided. Thus, the selectively electrically conductive material in the conductive state can short-circuit a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The arrangement of the selectively electrically conductive material, it can be ensured that when exceeded the critical limit voltage can drain excess potential. Thus, an overcharge of the battery cell is prevented and consequent decomposition processes, a temperature rise and the formation of gas in the battery cell prevented. In particular polymers are suitable as electrically conductive material, which are conductive or non-conductive depending on the applied voltage and thus below the critical limit voltage insulators or above the critical limit voltage conductor. It is particularly advantageous that the battery cell is not damaged and reversible can be returned to the normal state.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigen:Show it:
In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden gleiche oder ähnliche Komponenten mit gleichen oder ähnlichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet, wobei in Einzelfällen auf eine wiederholte Beschreibung dieser Komponenten verzichtet wird. Die Figuren stellen den Gegenstand der Erfindung nur schematisch dar.In the following description of the embodiments of the invention, the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, wherein in individual cases a repeated description of these components is dispensed with. The figures illustrate the subject matter of the invention only schematically.
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
Die Batteriezelle
Das Gehäuse
Weiterhin ist die Elektrodenanordnung
Die in
Die in
Die Batteriezelle
Die Batteriezelle
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele oder die darin hervorgehobenen Aspekte beschränkt. Vielmehr ist innerhalb des durch die Ansprüche angegebenen Bereiches eine Vielzahl von Abwandlungen möglich, die im Rahmen fachmännischen Handelns liegen.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein or the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, within the scope given by the claims a variety of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of expert action.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- EP 0878861 A1 [0002] EP 0878861 A1 [0002]
- EP 2219424 A1 [0003] EP 2219424 A1 [0003]
- EP 0240063 A1 [0004] EP 0240063 A1 [0004]
Claims (12)
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DE102014204497.9A DE102014204497A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | Battery cell with an electrode arrangement |
CN201510105778.3A CN104916870B (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2015-03-11 | Battery list pond with electrode assembly |
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DE102014204497.9A DE102014204497A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | Battery cell with an electrode arrangement |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0240063A1 (en) | 1986-04-01 | 1987-10-07 | Solvay | Electrically conductible polymers derived from 3-alkylthiophene, process for their preparation and electrical devices containing them |
EP0878861A1 (en) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-18 | Moli Energy (1990) Limited | Polymerizable additives for making non-aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries safe after overcharge |
EP2219424A1 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2010-08-18 | Shocking Technologies Inc | Voltage switchable dielectric material incorporating modified high aspect ratio particles |
Family Cites Families (4)
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US7294436B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2007-11-13 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Nonaqueous electrolytic solution and lithium secondary batteries |
CN1595678A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2005-03-16 | 武汉大学 | A voltage sensitive membrane and preparation method thereof |
JP4747583B2 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2011-08-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
CN101145622A (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2008-03-19 | 武汉大学 | Reversible over-charge protective electrolyte additive of lithium ion battery and its making method |
-
2014
- 2014-03-12 DE DE102014204497.9A patent/DE102014204497A1/en not_active Ceased
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0240063A1 (en) | 1986-04-01 | 1987-10-07 | Solvay | Electrically conductible polymers derived from 3-alkylthiophene, process for their preparation and electrical devices containing them |
EP0878861A1 (en) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-18 | Moli Energy (1990) Limited | Polymerizable additives for making non-aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries safe after overcharge |
EP2219424A1 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2010-08-18 | Shocking Technologies Inc | Voltage switchable dielectric material incorporating modified high aspect ratio particles |
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