DE102009028632A1 - Liquid-cooled internal-combustion engine has cylinder head and liquid-cooled turbine, which is equipped with pump for supplying cooling agent and integrated exhaust manifold - Google Patents

Abstract

The liquid-cooled internal-combustion engine (1) has a cylinder head (2) and a liquid-cooled turbine (4a), which is equipped with a pump (5) for supplying a cooling agent and an integrated exhaust manifold. The pump is connected with the turbine through a supply line (6). The supply line is passed through upstream of the turbine not by the cylinder head.

Description

• – mit einer Pumpe zur Förderung des Kühlmittels und mindestens einem integrierten Abgaskrümmer ausgestattet ist, wobei die Pumpe via Versorgungsleitung mit der mindestens einen Turbine zur Versorgung der flüssigkeitsgekühlten Turbine mit Kühlmittel verbunden ist.

The invention relates to a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder head and at least one liquid-cooled turbine, the

• - Is equipped with a pump for delivering the coolant and at least one integrated exhaust manifold, wherein the pump is connected via supply line with the at least one turbine for supplying the liquid-cooled turbine with coolant.

In the context of the present invention, the term internal combustion engine includes diesel engines and gasoline engines, but also hybrid internal combustion engines.

Internal combustion engines have a cylinder block and a cylinder head, which are used to form the individual cylinders, d. H. Combustion chambers are interconnected or are.

The cylinder block has a corresponding number of cylinder bores for receiving the pistons or the cylinder tubes. The pistons are guided axially movably in the cylinder tubes and, together with the cylinder tubes and the cylinder head, form the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. The cylinder head is usually used to hold the valve train. To control the charge cycle, an internal combustion engine requires controls and actuators to operate the controls. As part of the charge exchange, the exhaust of the combustion gases via the outlet openings and the filling of the combustion chamber, d. H. the suction of the fresh mixture or the fresh air through the inlet openings. To control the charge cycle, four-stroke engines use almost exclusively globe valves as control devices. The required for the movement of the valves valve actuating mechanism including the valves themselves is referred to as a valve train.

It is the task of the valve train to open the intake and exhaust ports of the combustion chamber in time or close, with a quick release of the largest possible flow cross sections is sought to keep the throttle losses in the incoming and outflowing gas flows low and the best possible filling of the Combustion chamber with fresh mixture or an effective, d. H. To ensure complete removal of the exhaust gases.

The outlet channels, d. H. the exhaust pipes, which connect to the outlet openings, are at least partially integrated in the cylinder head according to the prior art and are combined into one or in groups to form several total exhaust gas lines. The combination of exhaust pipes to an overall exhaust line is generally and in the context of the present invention referred to as exhaust manifold.

Downstream of the at least one manifold, the exhaust gases are then supplied to at least one turbine, for example, the turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger. Downstream of the turbine, one or more exhaust aftertreatment systems may be provided.

In principle, efforts are made to arrange the turbine as close as possible to the outlet of the internal combustion engine in order to be able to optimally utilize the exhaust gas enthalpy of the hot exhaust gases, which is largely determined by the exhaust pressure and the exhaust gas temperature, and to ensure a rapid response of the turbine. In addition, the way the hot exhaust gases to the various exhaust aftertreatment systems should be as short as possible, so that the exhaust gases are given little time to cool and the exhaust aftertreatment systems reach their operating temperature or light-off as soon as possible, especially after a cold start of the engine.

In this context, it is therefore always endeavored to minimize the thermal inertia of the portion of the exhaust pipe between the exhaust port on the cylinder and turbine or between exhaust port on the cylinder and exhaust aftertreatment system, which can be achieved by reducing the mass and the length of this section.

In order to achieve these goals, according to a prior art approach, the exhaust pipes are combined to form at least one integrated exhaust manifold within the cylinder head. Such a cylinder head also has the internal combustion engine according to the invention.

The length of the exhaust pipes is reduced by integration into the cylinder head. On the one hand thereby the line volume, d. H. reduces the exhaust gas volume of the exhaust pipes upstream of the turbine, so that the response of the turbine is improved. On the other hand, the shortened exhaust pipes also lead to a lower thermal inertia of the exhaust system upstream of the turbine, so that the temperature of the exhaust gases at the turbine inlet increases, which is why the enthalpy of the exhaust gases at the inlet of the turbine is higher and possibly provided downstream of the turbine exhaust aftertreatment faster reach required operating temperature.

The merging of the exhaust pipes within the cylinder also allows tight packaging of the drive unit.

However, such a trained cylinder head is thermally more heavily loaded than a conventional cylinder head, which is equipped with an external manifold, and therefore makes increased demands on the cooling.

The heat released during combustion by the exothermic, chemical conversion of the fuel is partly dissipated via the walls delimiting the combustion chamber to the cylinder head and the cylinder block and partly via the exhaust gas flow to the adjacent components and the environment. In order to keep the thermal load of the cylinder head within limits, a portion of the introduced into the cylinder head heat flow must be withdrawn from the cylinder head again.

Due to the much higher heat capacity of liquids compared to air can be dissipated with a liquid cooling much larger amounts of heat than with air cooling, which is why cylinder heads of the aforementioned type are equipped with a liquid cooling.

The liquid cooling requires the equipment of the cylinder head with a coolant jacket, d. H. the arrangement of the coolant through the cylinder head leading coolant channels, which causes a complex structure of the cylinder head construction. In this case, the mechanically and thermally highly stressed cylinder head is weakened by the introduction of the coolant channels on the one hand in its strength. On the other hand, the heat must not be directed to the cylinder head surface as in the air cooling, to be dissipated. The heat is already in the interior of the cylinder head to the coolant, usually mixed with additives added water. The coolant is conveyed by means of a pump arranged in the cooling circuit, so that it circulates in the coolant jacket. The heat given off to the coolant is removed in this way from the interior of the cylinder head and removed from the coolant in a heat exchanger again.

According to the invention, not only the at least one cylinder head, but also the at least one turbine is liquid-cooled. A liquid-cooled turbine has significant advantages over an uncooled turbine or cooled by air cooling turbine.

The cost of an uncooled turbine are relatively high, since the state of the art used for the thermally highly stressed turbine housing - often nickel-containing material - is expensive and the cost of processing these materials are high.

Due to the high cooling capacity of a liquid cooling can be completely or at least partially dispensed with the use of thermally highly resilient materials in the production of a liquid-cooled turbine. Hotplates which shield the exhaust manifold and / or the turbine housing from high temperatures in order to protect adjacent components from high temperatures are dispensed with in the prior art.

In liquid-cooled internal combustion engines, which are equipped with a liquid-cooled cylinder head and also have a liquid-cooled turbine, the turbine is supplied according to the prior art via the cylinder head with coolant. The US 3,948,052 describes such an internal combustion engine.

The supply of the turbine with coolant via the cylinder head has several disadvantages, which will be discussed briefly below.

The coolant jacket of a liquid-cooled cylinder head is - as described above - very complex, especially if the cylinder head is equipped with an integrated exhaust manifold. The leading through such a cylinder head coolant channels have numerous curvatures and isolated only small flow cross-sections, which is why - due to the high friction losses conditional - large pressure drop over the coolant jacket is to be observed away. For this reason alone, the pump provided for conveying the coolant must have a corresponding power, in particular also in order to ensure sufficient convection, ie. H. To generate sufficient flow rates for a sufficient heat transfer.

If this already complex coolant channel system is now additionally extended by the fact that the integrated coolant jacket in the cylinder head with the coolant jacket of the liquid-cooled turbine - as in the US 3,948,052 is connected to supply the liquid-cooled turbine via the cylinder head with coolant, the power requirement continues to the pump on.

The component volume of the pump increases but with the performance of the pump, which precludes a dense packaging in the engine compartment. The cost of the pump also increases with the pump power.

Another disadvantage of in the US 3,948,052 described turbine coolant supply is to be seen in that the turbine with coolant is supplied, which has already been heated in the cylinder head, which reduces the heat transfer in the turbine, and that the further heated in the turbine housing coolant is fed back to the cylinder head, which is an efficient cooling of the thermally highly loaded cylinder head and optionally a uniform temperature distribution in the head , However, the cooling capacity of the cylinder head should be so high that on a Anfettung (λ <1) to lower the exhaust gas temperatures, as shown for example in the EP 1 722 090 A2 is described and the energetic aspects - in particular with regard to the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine - and is considered to be disadvantageous in terms of pollutant emissions, can be dispensed with.

In addition, it must be considered that the design of a cooling system of the type mentioned above and known from the prior art requires complex and thus costly simulation calculations within the structural design of the internal combustion engine.

Against the background of the above, it is the object of the present invention, a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, d. H. of the generic type, which is particularly improved with respect to the cooling of the turbine.

• – mit einer Pumpe zur Förderung des Kühlmittels und mindestens einem integrierten Abgaskrümmer ausgestattet ist, wobei die Pumpe via Versorgungsleitung mit der mindestens einen Turbine zur Versorgung der flüssigkeitsgekühlten Turbine mit Kühlmittel verbunden ist, und die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
• – die Versorgungsleitung stromaufwärts der mindestens einen Turbine nicht durch den Zylinderkopf hindurchführt.

This object is achieved by a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder head and at least one liquid-cooled turbine, the

• - Is equipped with a pump for delivering the coolant and at least one integrated exhaust manifold, wherein the pump is connected via supply line to the at least one turbine for supplying the liquid-cooled turbine with coolant, and which is characterized in that
• - The supply line upstream of the at least one turbine does not pass through the cylinder head.

According to the invention, the coolant for supplying the turbine cooling is not taken from the cylinder head. In this respect eliminates the well-known from the prior art problem that results from the removal of the coolant from the cylinder head, which makes a pump high flow rate required in particular as a result of the complex structured coolant jacket in the cylinder head and the associated high pressure gradient.

In the internal combustion engine according to the invention, the at least one turbine is connected via the supply line to the pump without the supply line leading through the cylinder head upstream of the turbine.

Thus, the object underlying the invention is achieved, namely to provide a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, which is improved in particular with regard to the cooling of the turbine.

Advantageous embodiments of the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine will be discussed in conjunction with the subclaims.

• – mindestens zwei Zylinder aufweist, wobei jeder Zylinder mindestens eine Auslaßöffnung zum Abführen der Abgase aus dem Zylinder aufweist und sich an jede Auslaßöffnung eine Abgasleitung anschließt, und bei der
• – die Abgasleitungen von mindestens zwei Zylindern unter Ausbildung eines integrierten Abgaskrümmers innerhalb des mindestens einen Zylinderkopfes zu einer Gesamtabgasleitung zusammenführen, wobei diese Gesamtabgasleitung mit der mindestens einen Turbine verbunden ist.

Embodiments of the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine in which the internal combustion engine is advantageous are advantageous

• - Has at least two cylinders, each cylinder having at least one outlet opening for discharging the exhaust gases from the cylinder and connects to each outlet opening an exhaust pipe, and in the
• - Combine the exhaust gas lines of at least two cylinders to form an integrated exhaust manifold within the at least one cylinder head to an overall exhaust line, said total exhaust gas line is connected to the at least one turbine.

If the at least one cylinder head of an internal combustion engine according to the invention has three or more cylinders and if only the exhaust gas lines of two cylinders within the cylinder head combine to form an overall exhaust gas line, this is likewise an internal combustion engine according to the invention.

Embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the at least one cylinder head has, for example, four cylinders arranged in series and the exhaust pipes of the outer cylinders and the exhaust pipes of the inner cylinders merge within the cylinder head to form an overall exhaust gas line are also internal combustion engines according to the invention. The internal combustion engine then has two integrated exhaust manifolds.

• – mindestens drei Zylinder in der Art konfiguriert sind, dass sie zwei Gruppen mit jeweils mindestens einem Zylinder bilden, und
• – die Abgasleitungen der Zylinder jeder Zylindergruppe unter Ausbildung eines integrierten Abgaskrümmers innerhalb des mindestens einen Zylinderkopfes jeweils zu einer Gesamtabgasleitung zusammenführen.

With three, four or more cylinders and embodiments of the internal combustion engine are advantageous in which

• - At least three cylinders are configured in such a way that they form two groups, each with at least one cylinder, and
• - Combine the exhaust gas lines of the cylinder of each cylinder group to form an integrated exhaust manifold within the at least one cylinder head each to an overall exhaust gas line.

This embodiment of the internal combustion engine is particularly suitable for the use of a twin-flow turbine. A double-flow turbine has an inlet region with two inlet channels, wherein the two total exhaust gas lines are connected to the twin-flow turbine in such a way that in each case an entire exhaust gas line opens into an inlet channel. The merging of the two exhaust gas flows conducted in the total exhaust gas lines is optionally carried out downstream of the turbine, but in this case not upstream of the turbine. If the exhaust pipes are grouped in such a way that the preload emissions occurring as part of the charge cycle can be obtained, the twin-flow turbine of an exhaust-gas turbocharger is suitable, in particular, for a supercharging charge, whereby even high turbine pressure ratios can be achieved at low rotational speeds.

However, the grouping of the cylinders or exhaust pipes also offers advantages when using multiple turbines or exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein in each case an overall exhaust gas line is connected to a turbine.

Basically, the merging of the exhaust gas lines to two or more total exhaust gas lines allows the cylinders to be suitably configured, i. H. to group or separate from each other - for example, in such a way that affect the dynamic wave processes in the exhaust pipes of a cylinder group as little disadvantageous. Preferably, the pressure waves propagating in the exhaust pipes should not weaken each other and the cylinders of a cylinder group should have the greatest possible offset with regard to their work processes, ie. H. have regard to their ignition timing, so that the combined cylinders in a cylinder group do not adversely affect each other during the charge cycle, d. H. hinder.

As shorten the line lengths of the individual exhaust pipes by integration into the cylinder head, in principle, the risk that the cylinder impede each other in the charge cycle or adversely affect the dynamic wave processes in the exhaust pipes of the cylinder, which should actually be avoided. In this respect, the grouping of the cylinders is advantageous in particular in connection with the integration of the exhaust gas lines into the cylinder head, since in this way the exhaust gas flows can be separated from one another at least up to the total exhaust gas lines.

However, embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the exhaust pipes of all cylinders of the at least one cylinder head within the cylinder head to a single, d. H. merge together overall exhaust gas line.

Embodiments in which each cylinder has at least two outlet openings for discharging the exhaust gases from the cylinder are advantageous. As already mentioned, it is a primary goal during the expulsion of the exhaust gases in the context of the charge exchange to release the largest possible flow cross sections as quickly as possible to ensure effective removal of the exhaust gases, which is why the provision of more than one outlet opening is advantageous.

Embodiments in which first the exhaust gas lines of the at least two outlet openings of each cylinder merge to form a partial exhaust gas line belonging to the cylinder before the partial exhaust gas lines of at least two cylinders merge to form the total exhaust gas line are advantageous.

The total travel distance of all exhaust pipes is thereby shortened. The gradual merging of the exhaust pipes to an overall exhaust line also contributes to a more compact, d. H. less voluminous design of the cylinder head and thus in particular to a weight reduction and a more effective packaging in the engine compartment.

• – die Pumpe via Versorgungsleitung mit dem mindestens einen Kühlmittelmantel der mindestens einen Turbine verbunden ist.

In a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine in which the at least one turbine housing and a bearing housing having turbine for forming a liquid cooling is equipped with at least one coolant jacket, embodiments are advantageous in which

• - The pump is connected via the supply line with the at least one coolant jacket of the at least one turbine.

In the present embodiment, the liquid cooling of the turbine is formed by providing the turbine with at least one coolant jacket.

The coolant jacket may be formed by encapsulating the turbine, i. H. the turbine as such with or surrounded by an additional hollow body, d. H. is included. In this case, a cavity forms between the inner wall of the hollow body and the original outer wall of the turbine, which acts as a coolant jacket.

But it is particularly advantageous if the at least one coolant jacket is integrated into the turbine, ie, the liquid cooling of the turbine is formed by the fact that in the turbine housing and / or bearing housing, a coolant jacket is integrated, as in the following Embodiments. The heat-absorbing coolant flow is then substantially closer to the heat source, ie the hot exhaust gases or the friction-heated bearing of the turbine shaft, which ensures efficient cooling.

For the aforementioned reasons, embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the turbine housing is equipped with at least one coolant jacket to form a liquid cooling are advantageous, wherein this coolant jacket is connected via the supply line to the pump.

Also advantageous are embodiments of the internal combustion engine, in which the bearing housing is equipped with at least one coolant jacket to form a liquid cooling, wherein said coolant jacket is connected via the supply line to the pump.

The turbine housing has the task to cover the turbine runner and to provide or form an inlet region for the exhaust gas while the bearing housing in its original, d. H. primary function of receiving the shaft of the impeller is used and thus represents a mechanically highly stressed component, which allows the integration of coolant channels only to a limited extent.

If necessary, bores for supplying oil, in particular for supplying lubricating oil to the shaft bearing, are provided in the bearing housing. The bearing housing may form part of the turbine housing. Frequently, the bearing housing also serves for attachment to the internal combustion engine or to adjacent components in the engine compartment.

The coolant jacket in the turbine housing may be formed along the exhaust flow, i. H. be aligned in order to realize an effective cooling. A coolant jacket integrated in the bearing housing can likewise be used to cool the hot exhaust gas flow passed through the turbine runner if the coolant jacket is located on the exhaust side, ie. H. provided on the side facing the impeller of the bearing housing and is formed accordingly.

Particularly advantageous embodiments of the internal combustion engine, in which the turbine housing and the bearing housing are each provided with at least one coolant jacket to form a liquid cooling, these coolant jackets are connected via the supply line to the pump.

In this context, embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the supply line bifurcates upstream into the at least one turbine into two partial supply lines are advantageous, a first partial supply line being connected to the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing and a second partial supply line being connected to the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing.

According to this embodiment, the turbine housing and the bearing housing are supplied in parallel with coolant, i. H. both housings coolant is supplied to the same temperature. The sub-supply lines are preferably recombined downstream of the turbine, which also has advantages in terms of dense packaging.

Also advantageous are embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the supply line is connected to the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing, wherein the supply line passes upstream of the turbine housing through the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing.

Also advantageous are embodiments of the internal combustion engine, in which the supply line is connected to the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing, wherein the supply line passes upstream of the bearing housing through the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing.

In the two aforementioned embodiments, the turbine housing and the bearing housing in the cooling circuit are connected in series, so that the coolant flows through the two housings successively, d. H. One housing is supplied with coolant, which has already been heated in the other housing. The order of the housing can be selected. Since the turbine housing is thermally stressed higher, the coolant is preferably first supplied to the bearing housing and then the turbine housing.

In the case of liquid-cooled internal combustion engines having a coolant jacket integrated at least partially in the cylinder head, embodiments of the internal combustion engine are advantageous in which the supply line opens downstream of the at least one turbine into the coolant jacket integrated in the cylinder head. This measure supports the desire for a tight packaging in the engine compartment and a compact design of the drive unit.

In principle, it is advantageous to connect the individual coolant circuits to a common coolant circuit in order to be able to convey the entire coolant by means of a single pump and the coolant by means of a common coolant Heat exchanger to withdraw the heat. Since, according to the invention, a connection upstream of the turbine is dispensed with, the supply line is connected downstream of the at least one turbine to the coolant jacket integrated in the cylinder head.

Embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the supply line passes upstream of the at least one turbine through a cylinder block connected to the cylinder head are advantageous. The cylinder block is then in turn supplied by the pump with coolant.

Embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the at least one turbine is part of an exhaust gas turbocharger are advantageous.

In an exhaust gas turbocharger, a compressor disposed in the intake passage and a turbine provided in an exhaust passage are arranged on the same shaft, the turbine being supplied with hot exhaust gases which relax while discharging energy in the turbine, thereby rotating the shaft. The energy emitted by the exhaust gas flow to the turbine and finally to the supercharger shaft is used to drive the compressor, which is also arranged on the supercharger shaft. The compressor promotes and compresses the combustion air supplied to it, whereby a charge of the internal combustion engine is achieved.

The advantages of the exhaust gas turbocharger, for example in comparison to a mechanical supercharger, can be seen in the fact that no mechanical connection is required for transmitting power between the supercharger and the internal combustion engine. While a mechanical supercharger obtains the energy required for its drive completely from the internal combustion engine, thus reducing the power provided and thus reducing the efficiency, the exhaust gas turbocharger uses the exhaust gas energy of the hot exhaust gases.

The thermal load is significantly higher in supercharged internal combustion engines compared to conventional internal combustion engines, which is why the inventive design of the liquid cooling is particularly advantageous because the high exhaust gas temperatures require efficient and optimized cooling.

Embodiments of the internal combustion engine are advantageous in which the at least one turbine and the at least one cylinder head are separate components which are non-positively, positively and / or materially connected to each other.

A modular design has the advantage that the individual components - namely the turbine or the cylinder head - can be combined according to the modular principle with other components, in particular other cylinder heads or turbines. The versatile applicability of a component usually increases the number of units, whereby the manufacturing costs per piece can be reduced. In addition, this reduces the costs if the turbine or the cylinder head due to a defect exchange, d. H. to replace.

However, embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which the turbine housing is at least partially integrated in the cylinder head are also advantageous, so that the cylinder head and at least part of the turbine housing form a monolithic component.

Advantageously, while the monolithic component is integrally formed as a cast component, preferably made of aluminum, whereby a particularly high weight saving is achieved in comparison to the use of steel. The cost of machining the aluminum housing is also lower.

Nonetheless, the monolithic component can also be made from gray cast iron or other cast materials. Because regardless of the material used, the advantages of a monolithic component according to the embodiment in question, in particular the compact design, the basic weight savings by eliminating the unnecessary connecting elements, the improved response of the turbine due to the extremely close to the engine arrangement and the like.

If the turbine is part of an exhaust gas turbocharger, embodiments in which the shaft of the exhaust gas turbocharger together with the preassembled turbine and compressor impeller as an independent prefabricated assembly, for example in the form of a cassette, into the turbine housing or turbocharger housing integrated in the cylinder head during assembly are advantageous is inserted. This shortens the assembly time considerably. The housing accommodates not only turbine components but also parts of the compressor.

Embodiments of the internal combustion engine in which a tapping point for removing exhaust gas in the cylinder head is provided on the at least one integrated exhaust manifold are advantageous on which at least part of the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinders can be removed from the exhaust manifold inside the cylinder head, wherein a tapping point downstream of the tapping point Bypaßleitung connects, with the exhaust gas removed can be guided past the at least one turbine.

The bypass line for bypassing the turbine branches off within the cylinder head from the integrated in the cylinder head exhaust manifold, which is structurally realized in that a tap point is provided for removal of exhaust gas in the cylinder head to the integrated exhaust manifold, which is followed by the bypass line.

It can also be provided a way or line for exhaust gas recirculation. Embodiments in which a line for returning exhaust gas in the cylinder head is provided, which branches off from the exhaust manifold integrated in the cylinder head, and with which at least part of the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinders can be removed from the exhaust manifold inside the cylinder head, are advantageous.

In the following the invention is based on four embodiments according to the 1 to 4 described in more detail. Hereby shows:

1 schematically in a side view a first embodiment of the internal combustion engine,

2 schematically in a side view a second embodiment of the internal combustion engine,

3 schematically in a side view a third embodiment of the internal combustion engine, and

4 schematically in a side view of a fourth embodiment of the internal combustion engine.

1 schematically shows a side view of a first embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 ,

The internal combustion engine 1 is liquid cooled and includes a liquid cooled cylinder head 2 with at least one integrated exhaust manifold and a liquid-cooled cylinder block 3 , which are interconnected to form the combustion chambers.

In the 1 illustrated internal combustion engine 1 is with an exhaust gas turbocharger 4 equipped with a turbine 4a and a compressor 4b comprising, wherein the turbine housing 4a and the bearing housing 4c are liquid cooled.

It is a pump 5 provided for the promotion of the coolant, wherein the pump 5 for the purpose of supplying the turbine 4a with coolant via supply line 6 . 6a . 6b with the turbine 4a connected is.

At the in 1 illustrated embodiments of the internal combustion engine 1 forks the supply line 6 upstream of the turbine 4a or of the warehouse 4c in two partial supply lines 6a . 6b , wherein a first partial supply line 6b with the coolant jacket of the turbine housing 4a and a second partial supply line 6a with the coolant jacket of the bearing housing 4c is connected, ie the turbine housing 4a and the bearing housing 4c are supplied with coolant in parallel. Both housings 4a . 4c Coolant is supplied to the same temperature.

The partial supply lines 6a . 6b be downstream of the turbine 4a back to a common supply line 6 merged. The coolant passes over the coolant outlet housing 7 out. The supply line 6 leading upstream and downstream of the turbine 4a not through the cylinder head 2 ,

2 schematically shows a side view of a second embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 ,

It should only the differences to the in 1 Otherwise, reference will be made to FIG 1 , The same reference numerals have been used for the same components.

Unlike the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the turbine housing 4a and the bearing housing 4c at the in 2 illustrated internal combustion engine 1 flows through one after another of coolant, ie the two housings 4a . 4c are arranged in series in the cooling circuit, ie switched.

The supply line 6 is with the coolant jacket of the turbine housing 4a connected, the supply line 6 upstream of the turbine housing 4a through the coolant jacket of the bearing housing 4c passes.

3 schematically shows a side view of a third embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 ,

It should only the differences to the in 1 Otherwise, reference will be made to FIG 1 , The same reference numerals have been used for the same components.

Unlike the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the supply line 6 upstream of the turbine 4a through the cylinder block 3 through, which is why on the cylinder block 3 an exit is provided for the coolant.

The supply line 6 flows downstream of the turbine 4a in the cylinder head 2 integrated coolant jacket, which is why on the cylinder head 2 an inlet is provided for the coolant. The coolant leaves the cylinder head 2 over the coolant outlet housing 7 ,

4 schematically shows a side view of a fourth embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 ,

It should only the differences to the in 1 Otherwise, reference will be made to FIG 1 , The same reference numerals have been used for the same components.

Unlike the in 1 illustrated embodiment is in the in 4 illustrated internal combustion engine 1 only the turbine housing 4a , but not the bearing housing 4c flows through coolant, ie cooled.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine

2

cylinder head

3

cylinder block

4

turbocharger

4a

Turbine, turbine housing

4b

Compressor, compressor housing

4c

Bearing, bearing housing

5

pump

6

supply line

6a

Part supply line

6b

Part supply line

7

Coolant outlet housing

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 3948052 [0020, 0023, 0025]
• EP 1722090 A2 [0025]

Claims (12)

Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) with at least one cylinder head ( 2 ) and at least one liquid-cooled turbine ( 4a ) - with a pump ( 5 ) is provided for conveying the coolant and at least one integrated exhaust manifold, wherein the pump ( 5 ) via supply line ( 6 ) with the at least one turbine ( 4a ) for supplying the liquid-cooled turbine ( 4a ) is connected to coolant, characterized in that - the supply line ( 6 ) upstream of the at least one turbine ( 4a ) not through the cylinder head ( 2 ). Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine ( 1 ) - having at least two cylinders, each cylinder having at least one outlet opening for discharging the exhaust gases from the cylinder and connected to each outlet opening an exhaust pipe, and wherein - the exhaust pipes of at least two cylinders to form an integrated exhaust manifold within the at least one cylinder head ( 2 ) to an overall exhaust line, this total exhaust line with the at least one turbine ( 4a ) connected is. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the turbine housing ( 4a ) and a bearing housing ( 4c ) at least one turbine ( 4a ) is provided with at least one coolant jacket to form a liquid cooling, characterized in that - the pump ( 5 ) via supply line ( 6 ) with the at least one coolant jacket of the at least one turbine ( 4a ) connected is. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that - the turbine housing ( 4a ) is provided to form a liquid cooling with at least one coolant jacket, said coolant jacket via supply line ( 6 ) with the pump ( 5 ) connected is. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that - the bearing housing ( 4c ) is provided to form a liquid cooling with at least one coolant jacket, said coolant jacket via supply line ( 6 ) with the pump ( 5 ) connected is. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that - the turbine housing ( 4a ) and the bearing housing ( 4c ) are each equipped with at least one coolant jacket to form a liquid cooling, wherein these coolant jackets via supply line ( 6 ) with the pump ( 5 ) are connected. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that - the supply line ( 6 ) upstream of the at least one turbine ( 4a ) in two partial supply lines ( 6a . 6b ), whereby a first partial supply line ( 6b ) with the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing ( 4a ) and a second partial supply line ( 6a ) with the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing ( 4c ) connected is. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that - the supply line ( 6 ) with the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing ( 4a ), the supply line ( 6 ) upstream of the turbine housing ( 4a ) by the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing ( 4c ). Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that - the supply line ( 6 ) with the at least one coolant jacket of the bearing housing ( 4c ), the supply line ( 6 ) upstream of the bearing housing ( 4c ) by the at least one coolant jacket of the turbine housing ( 4a ). Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims with an at least partially in the cylinder head ( 2 ) integrated coolant jacket, characterized in that the supply line ( 6 ) downstream of the at least one turbine ( 4a ) in the cylinder head ( 2 ) integrated coolant jacket opens. Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply line ( 6 ) upstream of the at least one turbine ( 4a ) by one with the cylinder head ( 2 ) connected cylinder block ( 3 ). Liquid-cooled internal combustion engine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one turbine ( 4a ) Component of an exhaust gas turbocharger ( 4 ).

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