DE102008046217A1 - Radial roller bearing i.e. tapered roller bearing, for use in e.g. wind turbine, has end section attached as separate part on tapered rollers that are arranged between inner race of inner ring and outer race of outer ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The bearing (1) has tapered rollers (5) arranged between an inner race (6) of an inner ring (3) and an outer race (7) of an outer ring (4) such that the rollers are rotated around a rotation axis (8) of the rollers. An inner line (10) is formed between a pivot point (9) and an inner roller point and/or an outer line (11) is formed between the pivot point and an outer roller point. A contact point (17) between an end section (12) of the rollers and a rim (15) lies in the inner line and/or the outer line. The end section is attached as a separate part on the rollers.

Description

Field of the invention

The The invention relates to a radial rolling bearing with an inner ring, which has an inner race, with an outer ring, which has an outer race, with a plurality of rolling elements, which between the inner raceway and the outer race arranged so abrolling are that the rolling elements each about their own Rotate Wälzkörperdrehachse, wherein the Wälzkörperdrehachsen in a common pivot point on a rotation axis of the radial roller bearing meet, taking in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation of the radial roller bearing of each of the rolling elements at least one inner rolling point of the inner race and / or at least unrolls at a Außenrollpunkt the outer race and wherein by an imaginary connection between the fulcrum and the inner rolling point an inner line and / or between the fulcrum and the outer rolling point formed an outline is, and with at least one board and an end portion of the rolling element, wherein the point of contact between the end portion and the Board lies on the inside line and / or on the outside line.

radial bearings are known in a variety of designs and usually include one Inner ring, an outer ring and a plurality of rolling elements, which rolling between inner ring and outer ring are arranged. A radial rolling bearing serves mainly for absorbing radial forces, but some radial rolling bearings are designed so that in addition to the radial forces and axial Forces can be absorbed. Such radial roller bearings are for example designed as tapered roller bearings, wherein the axial forces over a contact area between Tapered roller and a side board are derived.

The publication GB (1915) 7089 , which is probably the closest prior art, relates to a double-row tapered roller bearing for supporting a shaft. The tapered rollers of the tapered roller bearing bear at their wide ends in the axial extension of an integrally molded, mushroom-like extension, on the free end side of a spherical surface is formed, over which rolls the tapered roller on a board. The point of contact between the spherical surface and the shelf is chosen so that in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation of the tapered roller bearing of the contact point is located in an imaginary extension of the inner raceway of the tapered roller. With this constructive design ensures that both the tapered roller rolls on the raceways and on the board largely without sliding friction, so that a low-friction bearing assembly is achieved.

It Object of the present invention is a low-friction radial roller bearing or to propose a device with the radial rolling bearing, which is inexpensive and / or tolerance to manufacture.

These Task is by a radial rolling bearing with the features of claim 1 or by a device having the features of Claim 13 solved. Preferred or advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims, the following Description and the attached figures.

The The invention relates to a radial rolling bearing with a Inner ring, which has at least one inner race, and with an outer ring having at least one outer raceway comprising, wherein a plurality of rolling elements rolling between the inner race and the outer race, is arranged in particular rolling off. Inner ring and outer ring are coaxial and preferably concentric and / or in the radial direction arranged overlapping with respect to a rotational axis of the radial roller bearing.

The Radial roller bearing is used, for example, one with the Inner ring firmly connected shaft opposite one with the Outer ring to store firmly connected structure. The radial rolling bearing is designed to receive radial and axial forces.

in the In operation, the rolling elements rotate around their respective own rolling element axis, which within the rolling elements lie. The Wälzkörperdrehachsen meet in an imaginary extension in a common fulcrum, which lies on the axis of rotation of the radial roller bearing.

In a longitudinal section of the radial roller bearing viewed the axis of rotation roll the rolling elements in Operation on the inner raceway and on the outer raceway over at least one inner rolling point or at least one outer rolling point from. Preferably, the inner rolling point or the outer rolling point in the region of the maximum load of the inner raceway or outer raceway localized by the rolling element.

sets mentally a straight line through the pivot point and the inner rolling point and / or through the fulcrum and outboard rollpoint each formed a straight line, which subsequently as the inner line or Outline is called.

Furthermore, at least one board and one end portion of the rolling element are provided in the radial rolling bearing. In particular, each rolling element is firmly connected to such an end portion. The board is preferred as a large board and / or radi al formed inside board. The point of contact between the end portion and the board is arranged on the inner line or on the outer line. In one development of the invention, a contact point on a first board may be positioned on the inner line and another contact point on a second board on the outer line. The illustrated geometric conditions of the radial roller bearing ensures that the rolling elements roll on the board or on the shelves and the sliding friction is minimized.

According to the invention discloses that the end portion as a separate part on the Rolling body is placed. The end section and the rolling elements are as two separate components manufactured and solvable or insoluble in any way connected with each other.

One The aim of the invention is a radial roller bearing of the above described genus with lower manufacturing tolerances and / or cheaper to produce. From known in the prior art, very complex rolling elements with integrally integrated end section are difficult to manufacture and test for dimensional accuracy.

In contrast, is proposed, the assembly consisting of the rolling elements and to assemble the end section of at least two separate parts, which via any connection technology, so For example, positive and / or cohesive, with each other get connected. That way, it's possible, at least the rolling elements conventionally in a known manner to manufacture and manufacture the end section separately.

A possible mounting between rolling elements and end portion is realized by means of a screw connection, wherein the screw and / or the screwing preferred coaxial with the associated Wälzkörperdrehachse is aligned.

Especially Preferably, the rolling element and / or the end section Structures on which a self-centering and / or automatic Centering of end portion and rolling elements effect. For example the end portion shows a cylinder-like projection which formed coaxially with the Wälzkörperdrehachse is and which in a complementary trained Recess introduced in the rolling body becomes.

at alternative embodiments, the end portion Threaded on and is in the manner of a screw in the rolling elements screwed.

at a preferred realization of the invention is in a longitudinal section through the radial rolling bearing in the plane of rotation of the End section over the inner line and / or over the outline over. More generally formulated stands the end portion in an adjacent to the touch point Area above the inner line or outline above. These Realization takes into account that in operation the end section not only unrolls on the touch point on the board, but - for example by load - the point of contact to a contact surface, z. B. a Berührroipse or a Berühroval, degenerates, which extends all around the point of contact. If the end section is now over in particular in the region of the touch point the inner line and / or the outer line over, so can transmit the axial force over the entire contacting contact surface become.

Especially it is preferred that a Wälzkörperkontaktfläche the end portion and an on-board contact surface of the board contact in the contact point and that in the longitudinal section through the axis of rotation on both sides of the contact point a starting preferably continuously spreading gap from the contact point is formed. Now is the axial load on the radial roller bearing and thus increases the burden at the point of contact, so a touch area from the touch point widen to the touch area and always will still over the entire surface of the end portion or of the board supported.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the contours of the Wälzkörperkontaktfläche and the board contact surface are formed so that a due to an exclusively radial load resulting contact surface arranged symmetrically to the contact point. Preferably, the rolling body contact surface is formed in the region of the contact point as a spherical surface whose center lies on the associated rolling body axis of rotation. The on-board contact surface is preferably cone-shaped in the region of the contact point, wherein the conical surface is inclined at the contact point tangentially to the rolling body contact surface. In alternative embodiments, the Wälzkörperkontaktfläche and the board contact surface in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation of the radial roller bearing may be both straight, so that there is a line contact through the contact point. In still other embodiments, only one of the surfaces in the longitudinal section is straight and the other surface is curved or convex. It is also possible that both surfaces are curved in the longitudinal section, wherein a same direction or an opposite direction curvature is possible, so that both surfaces are convex or one surface concave and the other surface is convex. The curvature in the concave or convex embodiments may be simply spherical or spherical, in modified Aus forms a torus shape, ie z. B. a circumferential Doghnut or another general torus shape, in particular a toroidal shape in which the center of the radius of the track on a circular line around the axis of rotation of the rolling bearing or the axis of rotation of the roller runs used. It is also possible that these surfaces show a logarithmic section in longitudinal section.

at a preferred constructive implementation of the invention are the Rolling elements designed as tapered rollers, which in particular a cone-shaped shell surface exhibit. Correspondingly, it is preferable that the outer race and / or the inner raceway are cone-shaped, wherein the inner line and / or the outer line in the respective Taper surface of Aulenlaufbahn or the inner race is. In this embodiment, a plurality of Inner rolling points or outer rolling points.

at One possible embodiment is the end section in longitudinal section through the assembly rolling bearing / end section formed mushroom-shaped. In this or modified Embodiments protrude in said longitudinal section Portions of the end section beyond the imaginary extension the long sides of the tapered roller over, so that the Wälzkörperkontaktfläche and the board contact surface also about the imaginary extension sticks out. The radial rolling bearing is preferred designed so that the contact area on both sides extends to the inner line or to the outline.

After this in most embodiments of the invention by the end portion slipping out of the rolling element / end section assembly in the direction of the smaller end of the rolling element is excluded, it is preferable that the radial rolling bearing has no small board or inboard. The usual Inboard can be saved, on the one hand the production costs and on the other hand, the effective roller length of the rolling elements is enlarged. The extension of the effective or usable roll length is based on that at least on the inboard no undercuts or the like in the Throat of the inboard are necessary, which the usable career limit.

Even though it is possible the board on the inner ring or on the outer ring and if necessary to position on both rings, it is preferred that the board is arranged on the inner ring. The board can be as separate Be formed from component, but the board is preferred with the Inner ring in one piece and / or integrally connected.

Especially Preferably, the radial roller bearing is a large warehouse formed with a pitch diameter of more than 1000 mm. The separate production of rolling elements and end section is special because of the size of the components economically feasible. The circle is at the Training as a tapered roller bearing through the puncture points of Tapered roller rotation axis defined by the large end faces.

One Another object of the invention relates to the use of the radial rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims in a wind turbine for supporting the rotor hub and / or a wing the wind turbine. Especially in wind turbines is on the Saving energy targeted to the effectiveness of Increase wind turbines. By the proposed, Low-friction radial roller bearings will benefit this goal implemented. Alternatively, the radial roller bearing also in a wheel hub bearing can be used.

usable Advantages of the invention are a reduced braking torque and lower Heat production in the radial rolling bearing, because less Friction occurs, lower lubrication requirements, since no places for Sliding friction must be lubricated, longer life, there is no or less wear on sliding surfaces and greater game stability, about the life, since no or less dimensional change due to fretting wear in the on-board contact.

Further Features, benefits and effects result from the following Description of a preferred embodiment of the Invention. Showing:

1 a schematic longitudinal section through a portion of a radial roller bearing as a first embodiment of the invention;

2 a detail enlargement from the 1 ,

The 1 shows a radial rolling bearing 1 in a schematic longitudinal section through the axis of rotation 2 of the radial rolling bearing 1 ,

The radial rolling bearing 1 is designed as a tapered roller bearing and has an inner ring 3 , an outer ring 4 and a plurality between inner ring 3 and outer ring 4 rolling and / or rolling arranged tapered rollers 5 on. inner ring 3 and outer ring 4 are arranged in the radial direction at least partially overlapping and integrally formed. The shown tapered roller 5 is conical in longitudinal section, with these on the inner ring 3 on an inner raceway 6 and on the outer ring 4 on an outer career 7 rolls or rolls off.

Aiming to roll the tapered roller 5 Zvi inner ring 3 and outer ring 4 to reach and the proportion of sliding friction between the tapered roller 5 and the inner raceway 6 or the outer raceway 7 to minimize, is the radial rolling bearing 1 designed so that the straight line passing through the axis of rotation 2 , a tapered roller pivot axis 8th and the imaginary extensions of the inner raceway 6 and the outside career 7 be formed, in a common fulcrum 9 cross. The straight line through the imaginary extension of the inner raceway 6 continues as inner line 10 Straight through the imaginary extension of the outer raceway 7 as outline 11 designated.

As best of the 2 results is to the tapered roller 5 an end section 12 attached and over a screw 13 attached. The end section 12 has at the free end face a spherical shaped Wälzkörperkontakt surface 14 on, whose center of curvature on the tapered roller axis of rotation 8th lies. The rolling element contact surface 14 is frontally limited by a flattening into which a recess for the screw 13 is introduced.

The inner ring 3 shows an integrally molded board 15 , which the assembly tapered roller 5 and end section 10 limited in the axial direction. The board 15 has an on-board contact surface 16 on which in a touch point 17 with the Wälzkörperkontaktfläche 14 and thus with the end section 10 contacted. The board contact surface 16 is in the embodiment shown in longitudinal section in the region of the Berührpunkts 17 is formed as a straight line, which is tangential to the Wälzkörperkontaktfläche 14 in the touchpoint 15 runs.

Not just a rolling of the tapered roller 5 on the inner raceway 6 or the outer raceway 7 but with the aim of also rolling the end section 10 on the board 15 to reach with a low sliding friction, is the point of contact 17 on the inner line 10 arranged, which by the fulcrum 9 goes and through the inner raceway 6 is defined. The rolling element contact surface 14 or the board contact surface 16 is not through the inner line 10 limited, but both extend to both sides of the inner line 10 forming two preferably symmetrically arranged and / or trained columns 18 ,

The described geometric relationships are achieved in this exemplary embodiment by the fact that the end section 10 spherical segment is formed with a flattened tip, wherein the center of the ball on the tapered roller pivot axis 8th lies. The diameter or radius of the ball segment is chosen so that the end portion 10 in the longitudinal section shown on both sides in the radial direction to the ball roller rotation axis 8th over the extended outside of the tapered roller 5 survives. For positioning the end section 10 relative to the tapered roller 5 has the end section 10 a cylindrical adjustment section 19 on, which in a corresponding Justageaufnahme 20 engages and the end section 10 positive fit in the tapered roller 5 determines the final assurance by the arranged in alignment with the tapered roller pivot screw 13 he follows.

1

radial bearings

2

axis of rotation

3

inner ring

4

outer ring

5

Tapered roller

6

Inner raceway

7

Outer race

8th

Tapered roller axis of rotation

9

pivot point

10

inside line

11

outline

12

end

13

screw

14

Wälzkörperkontaktfläche

15

shelf

16

Board contact area

17

contact point

18

column

19

Justageabschnitt

20

Justageaufnahme

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• GB 7089 [0003]

Claims (15)

Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ), with an inner ring ( 3 ), which has an inner race ( 6 ), with an outer ring ( 4 ), which has an outer race ( 7 ), with a plurality of rolling elements ( 5 ), which between the inner raceway ( 6 ) and the outer raceway ( 7 ) are arranged in such a way that the rolling elements ( 5 ) each about their own Wälzkörperdrehachse ( 8th ), whereby the Wälzkörperdrehachsen ( 8th ) in a common fulcrum ( 9 ) on a rotation axis ( 2 ) of the radial rolling bearing ( 1 ), wherein in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation ( 2 ) of the radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) each of the rolling elements ( 5 ) at least one inner rolling point of the inner raceway ( 6 ) and / or at least at one outer rolling point of the outer raceway ( 7 ) and whereby by an imaginary connection between the fulcrum ( 9 ) and the inner rolling point an inner line ( 10 ) and / or between the pivot point ( 9 ) and the outer rolling point an outline ( 11 ) is formed, with at least one board ( 15 ) and with an end section ( 12 ) of the rolling element ( 5 ), where the touch point ( 17 ) between the end portion ( 12 ) and the board ( 15 ) on the inner line ( 10 ) and / or on the outline ( 11 ), characterized in that the end portion ( 12 ) as a separate part on the rolling element ( 5 ) is attached. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the end section ( 12 ) by means of a screw connection ( 13 ) on the rolling element ( 5 ) is attached. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation ( 2 ) the end section ( 12 ) over the inner line ( 10 ) and / or the outline ( 11 ) survives. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Wälzkörperkontaktfläche ( 14 ) of the end section ( 12 ) and an on-board contact surface ( 16 ) of the board ( 15 ) in the touch point ( 17 ), wherein in the longitudinal section through the axis of rotation on both sides to the contact point ( 17 ) A gap ( 18 ). Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in operation due to a radial load of the radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) forms a contact surface around the contact point, which in the longitudinal section through the axis of rotation ( 2 ) is distributed symmetrically to the contact point and / or on both sides to the inner line ( 10 ) or to the outline ( 11 ) is arranged. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolling elements as tapered rollers ( 5 ) are formed. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer raceway ( 7 ) and / or the inner raceway ( 6 ) are cone-shaped, wherein the inner line ( 10 ) and / or the outline ( 11 ) lies or lie in the respective cone surface. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the end section ( 12 ) is formed mushroom-shaped. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an inboard design. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the board ( 12 ) on the inner ring ( 3 ) and / or on the large front side of the rolling elements ( 5 ) is positioned. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the board ( 12 ) with the inner ring ( 3 ) is connected in one piece. Radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a pitch circle diameter greater than 1000 mm. Device characterized by a radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the device is designed as a wind turbine, wherein the radial rolling bearing ( 1 ) is designed and / or arranged for mounting the rotor head and / or the rotor blades. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the device is designed as a wheel hub bearing.