DE102008028219A1 - Light-conducting textile i.e. gauze fabric, for production of light-conducting shaped brick, has mono filaments connected by textile manufacturing process so that distance of threads remains unchanged during mechanical loading - Google Patents

Abstract

The textile (1) has a set of light-conducting fiber bundles or light-conducting mono filaments provided with two light-conducting threads (2) running parallel. The mono filaments are connected by textile manufacturing process so that the distance of the light-conducting threads remains unchanged during mechanical loading transverse to process direction of the light-conducting threads after processing of light-conducting shaped bricks. Non texturized fiber material of knitting threads consists polyether sulphone, polypropylene or polyamide. An independent claim is also included for a light-conducting shaped bricks from a casting matrix.

Description

The The invention relates to light textiles used for the production of light-conducting Cast stones from cast matrices, eg. B. lichtleitendem concrete used can.

Light-conducting concrete, ie concrete, with the help of embedded optical fibers, eg. B. of glass or polymers, is transparent, is known from DE 93 10 500 (Weidmann). Similarly, light-conducting concrete and manufacturing processes for photoconductive concrete are known from JP 2006224349 (Ohbayashi) WO 03/097954 (Losonczi) WO 2007/096083 (HeidelbergCement) or DE 20 2007 000 753 (Luccon) and WO 2008/031610 (Fischer).

Concrete bricks made of light-conducting concrete are being replaced WO 03/097954 manufactured by lengthwise placing individual photoconductive fibers in a Betonierschalung next to each other. The fibers sink by shaking or mechanical pressure in the previously introduced concrete layer. Subsequently, further layers of concrete and fibers are introduced into the formwork. Each fiber layer consists of some twenty or more fibers. The hardened shaped stone is then cut perpendicular to the axis of the light-conducting fibers, so that smaller light-conducting shaped stones are formed.

JP 2006224349 . WO 2007/096083 . DE 20 2007 000 753 and WO 2008/031610 use similar procedures. Instead of individual light-conducting fibers, textiles in which light-conducting fibers (optical fibers) have been processed are introduced into the formwork. Here, too, a layer-like structure of the molded block, which can be divided after hardening, so that smaller light-conducting shaped blocks arise.

As textile will be in JP 2006224349 a fabric and the weaving process for making the fabric called. The use of fabrics is intended to effect the uniform embedding of the optical fibers in the concrete and a uniform appearance of the optical fiber ends in the later molded bricks.

WO 2007/096083 and DE 20 2007 000 753 Textiles are textiles, knitted fabrics and felts. By using these textiles, translucent shaped blocks should be able to be produced economically, in contrast to the embedding of individual fibers. Furthermore, by the use of these textiles, an appealing and characteristic, in particular a structured arrangement of the light guides is to be created, since the light guides are present in the textiles at a defined distance from each other.

As advantageous for the production of a Lichttextils be in WO 2007/096083 and DE 20 2007 000 753 Tissue shown. The optical fibers can form the weft threads or the warp threads of the fabric. It is preferred that the optical fibers form the weft capabilities of the fabric.

WO 2008/031610 The textiles mentioned above are knitted fabrics with polyester threads as the stitch-forming thread material. Other fiber types, such as natural fibers or other synthetic fiber types, should also be used for the production of knit stitches. Instead of acting other textile production processes should be suitable, for. B. all fabric bindings known as woven, knit or nonwoven fabrics. It should also be suitable double-layered textile surfaces such as two-ply fabric knitted fabrics and knits.

The textile production processes used for the production of fabrics and knitted fabrics with optical fibers are described in WO 2007/096083 and DE 20 2007 000 753 and WO 2008/031610 not known. However, it is well known that the weaving and for the production of knitted fabrics Ket tenwirken or sewing is used to produce fabrics. It is called that the light guides can be connected by knitted fabric (action with weft insertion) or that the light guides can be knitted themselves (working).

On the subject of processing the light textiles you can look JP 2006224349 see that individual sections (pieces) of the textile are alternately potted with a layer of concrete. In WO 2007/096083 the textiles are processed by the roll, stretched in the formwork, inserted into the concrete and then separated. It can also previously separated textile sections are processed. In WO 2008/031610 one or more pieces of textile per concrete layer are inserted by hand or by machine in the formwork.

Further Details on the processing of light textiles are in the cited state the technology is not disclosed. In particular, there are no special ones Properties or characteristics of the textiles called the special Requirements for a defined and uniform (structure) distance between the light guides, ie the Slip resistance of the threads in the textile, both in unprocessed textile as well as in the later form stone. Also, the textile manufacturing processes are not closer designated, with which textiles according to these Make requirements.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a product which ensures a defined arrangement of the light guide before and after processing in molded blocks of Gußmatrices and to define specific features and characteristics of this product. In particular, to accommodate the tensile stresses occurring in the textile during different concreting processes is taken into account by the invention. In the manufacturing process particularly suitable methods are specified, with which the special properties of the DEFINE th and shift-resistant arrangement of the photoconductive filaments in the textile can be achieved particularly well.

In the prior art of WO 2007/096083 and DE 20 2007 000 753 The defined distance between the fibers is emphasized as a design feature. It is not conveyed that a certain minimum distance of the light-conducting fibers in the textile, especially in the application of monofilament optical fibers, is absolutely necessary. This distance is necessary because with a completely dense arrangement of the monofilaments, the cast matrix, especially in concrete as a cast matrix, can no longer penetrate the textile. The textiles would form release liners, which significantly weaken the strength, especially the bending tensile strength, of the molded block. Therefore, it is necessary for all light textiles with monofilaments as a light guide that the photoconductive fibers have a certain clear minimum distance from each other, so have a certain Offenmaschigkeit.

at Glass as a light-conducting thread consist of glass fiber bundles from a variety of thin, single glass fibers. A Structuring is possible here only if the glass fiber bundles bundled by the textile manufacturing process be tied off. The individual fiber bundles become with it also impermeable to the penetration of the casting matrix. So here too, depending on the manufacturing process of the Textiles, clear minimum distances between the individual Glass fiber bundles are taken into account.

at Woven fabrics, the displacement resistance of the textile structure is based above all insist that the warp and weft yarn up and against each other can support. Open-mesh tissue with usual Bindings, such as twill, panama, jersey, etc., therefore have no good displacement resistance. Own the classic weaving method Therefore, not for the production required in the prior art Light textiles with high resistance to displacement and defined arranged Position of the light-conducting fibers.

It However, there is the possibility of such open-mesh fabrics directly after production to coat, so that the resistance to displacement the coating mass is achieved, which "glued" the nodes.

at The weaving methods are for producing non-displaced tissue only the various forms of leno fabrics for making open-meshed and yet non-slip fabric suitable. For leno fabrics become the nodes between weft threads and warp threads by a half-turn the warp thread depending on the thread material, thread count and machine setting more or less firmly tied.

Also Here is the possibility of this leno fabric by the Use of a coating even more resistant to displacement perform.

Knitted with weft insertion or knitted fabric with standing threads are basically Textile structures for the production of light textiles with the required Properties. For knitted fabrics with entry of the light-conducting threads In the shot machines with mesh-appropriate weft insertion are to be used a uniform and defined arrangement ensure the light-conducting threads in the textile. The light-conducting threads are in exactly parallel position in every x th mesh of the knitted fabric fixes the mesh length and number of stitches can be adjusted by machine. At entry the light-conducting threads as Stehfäden are all usual Knitting machines suitable. The defined distance of the light-conducting Threads are specified here by the division of the machine.

The Processing of the light-conducting fibers as warp threads (standing threads) in the direction of production of the textile or as weft threads Depending on the concreting process, depending on the production process, depending on the production direction according to machine width, depending on the method, depending on the dimension of the later be made useful stones.

The inventive features of the light textile as well advantageous embodiments are in the claims further characterized. A possible combination the properties mentioned in the claims while other, advantageous variants of light textiles for create the light concrete.

The Invention as well as the technical environment will become apparent from the following Figures explained in more detail. He is advised that the figures some advantageous embodiments However, the invention is not limited to these is.

1 : light-conducting textile and tensile stress of the textile by machine processing

The picture in 1 above shows a light-conducting textile 1 (here leno fabric) with light-conducting threads 2 and non-photoconductive warp threads 3 , The direction of tensile stress 4 is represented by the arrows. In 1 Below is an example represents how the tensile stress on the textile can arise. In a concreting device, consisting of a lateral formwork 5 , a lowerable floor 6 and a movable mortar sled 7 , the light textile is laterally on the formwork 5 by a clamping device 10 fixed and off the roll 8th deducted. The textile is through the mortar sled 7 guided. Textile and cast matrix 9 are simultaneously introduced into the concreting device. By clamping and pulling off the roller and by deflecting 11 of the textile, the tensile stresses arise 4 in the textile railway.

1

light Guiding Textile

2

light Guiding threads

3

warp a leno fabric

4

direction the tensile stress on the light textile

5

lateral Formwork of a concreting device

6

retractable Formwork floor of a concreting device

7

traversable Mortar sled of a concreting device

8th

role with light textile

9

concrete matrix

10

clamping of the light textile on the formwork

11

redirection of the light textile in the mortar sled

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 9310500 [0002]
• - JP 2006224349 [0002, 0004, 0005, 0010]
• WO 03/097954 [0002, 0003]
• - WO 2007/096083 [0002, 0004, 0006, 0007, 0009, 0010, 0013]
• - DE 202007000753 [0002, 0004, 0006, 0007, 0009, 0013]
• - WO 2008/031610 [0002, 0004, 0008, 0009, 0010]

Claims (26)

Light textile for the production of light-conducting shaped bricks from a casting matrix, with at least two mutually parallel light-conducting threads consisting of light-conducting fiber bundles or photoconductive monofilaments produced by a textile manufacturing process be connected such that the distance between the light-conducting threads at mechanical loads transverse to the direction of the light-conducting Threads during and after processing to photoconductive Formstones exist unchanged at least in the sense remains that there are no other distances parallel to each other light-conducting threads to one another as those in the unloaded state of the textile prior to processing for Form stone were defined or existing or that were light-conducting threads even remove it from the textile surface. A light textile according to claim 1, wherein the light-conducting Threads exclusively in weft direction of an open-meshed Drehergewebes be processed with leno weaving and the in the production by at least two attached to the textile machine and over the machine width variably adjustable cutting devices, z. As knives, scissors or cutting wheels, such along the production direction is cut, that the width of at least a resulting Lichttextilbahn approximately one each the edge lengths of each later to be produced with it Corner stones corresponds. A light textile according to claim 1, wherein the light-conducting Threads exclusively open in the weft direction Knitted fabric with warp knitting or stitchbonding with be processed as appropriate weft insertion and that in the Production by at least two attached to the textile machine and over the machine width variably adjustable Schneidvorrich lines, z. As knives, scissors or cutting wheels, such along the production direction is cut, that the width of at least a resulting Lichttextilbahn approximately one each the edge lengths of each later to be produced with it Corner stones corresponds. A light textile according to claim 1, wherein the light-conducting Threads exclusively in the warp direction (standing thread direction) open mesh knitted fabric with warp knitting or stitchbonding be processed and in the production by at least two attached to the textile machine and across the machine width variably adjustable cutting devices, eg. As knives, scissors or cutting discs, cut along the direction of production is that the width of the at least one emerging Lichttextilbahn about one each of the edge lengths of the later respectively produced with it shaped bricks. Light textile according to claims 1 to 4, in the light-conducting threads and knitting threads (sewing threads) of a Knitted or light-conducting threads and weft threads or warp threads of a fabric, which are the photoconductive ones Threads depending on the manufacturing process and direction of the connecting light-conducting threads to the textile surface, Gaps (holes) in the textile surface leave open at least the diameter of the largest Korns an addition to the casting matrix correspond. Light textile according to claims 1 to 5, in which the mechanical stresses transverse to the direction of the light-conducting threads from a manual or machine Inserting or clamping the textiles in a concrete formwork and / or from a machine or manual incorporation of a Cast matrix between the threads of the light textile, z. B. in the form of a tensile stress in the plane of the textile web or a compressive load perpendicular to the textile web level. Light textile according to claims 1 to 5, in which the mechanical stresses transverse to the direction of the light-conducting threads on the one hand from a tensile stress the textile web during a continuous impregnation process (Coating process) of the textile web with the casting matrix and on the other from the weight of the textile web and the weight of a adhering cast matrix on one after an impregnation process (Coating process) freely guided or freely suspended Textile web length results. Light textile according to claims 1 to 7, in which a feature against the leaching of individual photoconductive Fibers or a feature against a change in the distance is the parallel running photoconductive fibers in further processing, that the knitting threads (sewing threads) of a knitted fabric or the weft threads or the warp threads of a fabric, which the light-conducting threads depending on the manufacturing process and insertion direction of the light-conducting threads to the textile Join surface of non-textured multifilament yarns and thus non-stretchable multifilament yarns. A light textile according to claim 8, wherein the non-textured Fiber material of the knitting threads PES, PP, PA or PA 6.6 is. A light textile according to claim 9, wherein the non-textured Fiber material of the knitting threads PES, PP, PA or PA 6.6 is and the fineness of a warp thread is more than 240 dtex or one Thread a filament count greater than 40 filaments has. A light textile according to claims 1 to 7, wherein a feature against the leaching of individual light-conducting fibers or a feature against a Changing the distance of the parallel running photoconductive fibers in the further processing is that the knitting threads (sutures) of a knitted fabric or the weft threads or the warp threads of a fabric, which connect the photoconductive threads depending on the manufacturing method and insertion direction of the photoconductive threads to the textile surface of monofilaments consist. A light textile according to claim 11, wherein the fibrous material the knitting threads PES, PP, PA or PA 6.6, and the monofilaments have a diameter between 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm. Light textile according to claim 1 to 11, which is a thermal After-treatment (fixation) is subjected to the displacement resistance of the textile continue to increase. Light textile according to claims 8 to 13, in which the knitting threads at a temperature stress have a shrinkage greater than 10%. The light fabric of claim 14, wherein said more than 10% shrinkage occurs at temperatures below 110 ° C. Light textile according to claims 1 to 7, in which a feature against the leaching of individual photoconductive Fibers or a feature against a change in the distance is the parallel running photoconductive fibers in further processing, that parallel to the longitudinal sides of the textile web or the by longitudinal cuts resulting several textile webs Reinforced strips are incorporated or applied. A light textile according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing strips from several particularly dense and firmly tied knitting threads consist. A light textile according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing strips made of adhesive, especially a thermoplastic adhesive, eg. B. a so-called hotmelt exist. A light textile according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing strips made of taped or knitted or sewn tapes, z. As narrow textiles or film strips exist. A light textile according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing strips watertight and the thickness of the reinforcing strips between 2 mm and 6 mm. Light textile according to claims 16 to 20, in which the widths of the reinforcement strips between 2 mm and 40 mm. Light textile according to claims 1 to 21, in which the optical fiber bundles of optical glass fibers or the light-conducting monofilaments of polymeric optical fibers consist. Light textile according to claims 1 to 21, in which the light-conducting monofilaments of transparent, translucent Polymers, but are not polymeric optical fibers. Molded bricks from a cast matrix with at least one Position of a light textile according to claims 1 to 23 at the ends of at least one light-conducting fiber of the light-conducting Textile at least two, not necessarily opposite Sides, the form stone lying open, allowing light from the one Side of the block on the other side of the stone penetrate can and vice versa. Molding blocks according to claim 24, wherein the casting matrix, Concrete, fine concrete, cement or plaster is. Molding blocks according to claim 24, wherein the casting matrix a fine concrete with a grain of aggregates between 0.1 mm and 6 mm.